Energy storage device and power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage device and a power supply system, the energy storage device comprises a box body and an energy storage module, the box body comprises a frame, at least part of the frame forms an emission collection structure, and the emission collection structure comprises a collection channel and a collection inlet communicated with the collection channel; the energy storage module is arranged in the frame; the energy storage module comprises a battery pack and a guide piece with a guide channel, the guide piece is fixedly arranged on one side of the battery pack, a second through hole is formed in the end, close to the collection inlet, of the guide piece, and the second through hole communicates with the guide channel and the collection inlet. And the guide channel is configured to guide emissions sprayed out when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway to enter the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage device and a power supply system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, a plurality of battery packs are usually integrated in a container type prefabricated cabin to meet the energy storage requirement. However, the battery packs are prone to thermal runaway under abnormal working conditions such as overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit and mechanical collision. In the case of thermal runaway, the battery packs will rapidly release discharge products such as high-temperature combustible gas, heat and molten material into the box. If the discharge products cannot be discharged in time, the pressure in the cabin will rise rapidly and the gas will accumulate, thereby causing thermal spread, explosion and other serious safety accidents. SUMMARY

[0003] The energy storage device and the power supply system provided by the embodiments of the present application can solve the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] The energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises: a box body comprising a frame, at least a part of the frame constituting a discharge product collection structure, the discharge product collection structure comprising a collection channel and a collection inlet in communication with the collection channel; and an energy storage module arranged in the frame, the energy storage module comprising a battery pack and a guide member having a guide channel, the guide member being fixedly arranged on one side of the battery pack, one end of the guide member close to the collection inlet being provided with a second through hole, the second through hole being in communication with the guide channel and the collection inlet respectively, and the guide channel being configured to guide the discharge products sprayed from the battery pack in the case of thermal runaway to enter the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present application, the discharge product collection structure further comprises a discharge port in communication with the collection channel.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present application, a one-way valve is arranged at the discharge port or at a position close to the discharge port in the collection channel.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, the box body further comprises a box wall connected to the frame, the box wall being provided with a first opening for allowing gas to enter the box body, and the first opening and the discharge port being arranged on different sides of the box body.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the box wall is further provided with a second opening for allowing the gas in the box body to be discharged, the first opening and the second opening being arranged on different sides of the box body, and the discharge port and the second opening being arranged on the same side of the box body.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust collection structure comprises a column, the column having a first hollow structure forming at least part of the collection channel, the column being provided with the collection inlet communicating with the first hollow structure.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust collection structure further comprises a bottom beam and a top beam arranged side by side in the Z-axis direction, the column being connected between the bottom beam and the top beam; The top beam has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure and the second hollow structure communicating with each other, the second hollow structure forming part of the collection channel, the first hollow structure forming part of the collection channel, the top beam being provided with a discharge port communicating with the collection channel.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the column is provided with a sealing member clamped between the side surface of the collection inlet and the guide member, the sealing member being provided with a third through hole penetrating therethrough, the third through hole communicating with the second through hole and the collection inlet.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the guide member comprises a main body portion and an extension portion bent from one end of the main body portion close to the column, the main body portion being arranged at one side of the battery pack, the extension portion extending from the main body portion in a first direction, the main body portion having part of the guide channel, the extension portion having part of the guide channel, the second through hole being arranged at the extension portion, the sealing member being clamped between the extension portion and the column, the first direction being the height direction or the width direction of the battery pack.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the extension portion and the battery pack have an overlapping area in a first projection plane; wherein the first projection plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the exhaust collection structure further comprises a bottom beam connected with the column, the bottom beam having a third hollow structure, the third hollow structure communicating with the first hollow structure, the third hollow structure forming a storage cavity.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged side by side, each single battery being provided with a pressure relief mechanism, the guide member covering the pressure relief mechanism of each single battery, and the guide member being provided with a first through hole at a position corresponding to each pressure relief mechanism, the first through hole communicating with the guide channel.

[0016] The power supply system of the embodiments of the present application comprises an electric device and the energy storage device of any one of the above, and the energy storage device supplies power to the electric device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of a prefabricated cabin.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cabin body of an embodiment of this application from one perspective.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cabin body of one embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the frame of a prefabricated cabin according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the column, seal, and guide from one perspective.

[0026] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the column, seal, and guide components from another perspective.

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of its breakdown.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a guide component according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 12 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view with section AA in the middle, where the arrows indicate the direction of emission flow.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between the column and the top beam.

[0031] Figure 14is a schematic view of the sealing member clamped between the extension and the column.

[0032] Figure 15 is Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view at X2 in the figure.

[0033] Figure 16 is an exploded schematic view of the energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 17 is an exploded schematic view of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 18 is Figure 16 is an exploded schematic view of the side plate, the cold plate and the end plate.

[0036] Figure 19 is a perspective schematic view of the side plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 20 is a partial schematic view of the assembled reinforcing member, side plate, end plate and cold plate.

[0038] Figure 21 is an exploded schematic view of the reinforcing member, side plate, end plate and cold plate.

[0039] Figure 22 is Figure 18 is a partial enlarged view at X1 in the figure.

[0040] Figure 23 is a schematic view of a power supply system.

[0041] In the figures, the reference signs are explained as follows: 10, energy storage module; 100, battery unit; 100a, battery module; 110, battery pack; 111, single battery; 111a, shell; 1111, pressure relief mechanism; 1112, pole column; 1113, pole column row; 1114, housing; 1115, end cover; 120, end plate; 121, second flange; 122, frame; 123, transverse rib; 124, longitudinal rib; 130, accommodating cavity; 140, cold plate; 141, third flange; 142, positioning protrusion; 150, reinforcing member; 151, sliding block; 160, guide member; 160a, guide channel; 161, main body; 1611, first through hole; 1612, pressing edge; 162, extension; 1621, second through hole; 170, sampling assembly; 200, side plate; 210, first flange; 220, positioning groove; 230, reinforcing rib; 240, weight-reducing hole; 250, curved portion; 251, circular arc structure; 300, box; 300a, frame; 300b, discharge collection structure; 301, collection channel; 302, collection inlet; 303, drain; 304, storage cavity; 305, second opening; 306, first opening; 307, one-way valve; 310, bottom beam; 311, second receptacle; 320, top beam; 321, first receptacle; 330, upright; 340, top wall; 350, first side wall; 360, second side wall; 370, support rail; 380, bottom wall; 391, top edge beam; 392, bottom edge beam; 393, longitudinal beam; 394, transition beam; 410, seal; 411, third through hole; T1, first fastener; T2, second fastener; T3, third fastener; T4, fourth fastener; T5, fifth fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Example embodiments now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the example embodiments can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the implementations set forth herein; rather, these implementations are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the figures, and descriptions of the same or similar elements can be omitted or simplified in some instances in the interest of brevity and conciseness.

[0043] It is to be understood that the terms "including", "comprising", "having" and variations thereof herein are intended to cover the case where non-excluded elements can be included or combined. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the listed steps or elements, but can include additional steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, system, product or apparatus.

[0044] For the convenience of description, "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction" and "Z-axis direction" are introduced in the specific embodiments of the present application, and the terms "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction" and "Z-axis direction" only mean that the features with one of the above directions are perpendicular to the features with another direction, and do not require that they must be implemented according to the "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction" and "Z-axis direction" introduced in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0045] In the claims and specification, unless otherwise defined, the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, indicate the orientation or position as shown in the drawings and are for convenience of description only, and do not imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

[0046] Because the energy required by people has strong time and space, in order to reasonably use energy and improve the utilization rate of energy, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same form or convert it into another form of energy through a medium or device, and release it in a specific energy form based on future application needs. At present, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy such as photovoltaic and wind power to replace fossil energy.

[0047] At present, the generation of green electricity generally depends on photovoltaic, wind power, water potential, etc., and wind power and solar energy generally have strong intermittency and large fluctuation, which can cause unstable power grid, insufficient electricity at peak load, and too much electricity at low load. Unstable voltage can also cause damage to electricity, so it may cause "abandoned wind and light" due to insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid acceptance. To solve these problems, it is necessary to rely on energy storage. That is, the electricity is converted into other forms of energy by physical or chemical means and stored, and the energy is converted into electricity and released when needed. In short, energy storage is similar to a large "power bank", which stores electricity when photovoltaic and wind power is sufficient, and releases stored electricity when needed.

[0048] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, the present scheme provides an energy storage device applied to an energy storage system, which is provided with a group of chemical batteries inside, mainly using chemical elements in the battery as energy storage medium. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium. In short, the electricity generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical battery, and the stored electricity is released for use when the use of external electricity reaches the peak, or transferred to places where electricity is in short supply for use.

[0049] The current energy storage (i.e. energy storage) application scenarios are relatively wide, including power generation side energy storage, power grid side energy storage and power consumption side energy storage, and the corresponding types of energy storage devices include: (1) Large-scale energy storage power station applied in wind power and photovoltaic power station side, which can assist renewable energy power generation to meet grid connection requirements and improve renewable energy utilization rate; as a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source in power supply side, it realizes load matching of electricity in time and space, enhances renewable energy consumption capacity, reduces instantaneous power change, reduces impact on power grid, improves new energy power generation consumption problem and has great significance in power grid system standby, relieving peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation; (2) Energy storage container applied in power grid side, the main functions are peak regulation, frequency regulation and relieving power grid congestion, which can realize peak clipping and valley filling of power load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the power load is low, and releasing the stored electricity when the power load is high, so as to realize the balance between power production and consumption; (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use energy storage systems to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak loads, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, achieving the goal of reducing capacity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0050] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 1 Taking the shared energy storage scenario on the power generation / distribution side as an example, the energy storage device in this application is not limited to the power generation / distribution side energy storage scenario.

[0051] This application provides an energy storage system, comprising: a high-voltage cable 2, a first power conversion device 3, a second power conversion device 4, and the energy storage device 1 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 4 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by wind power conversion is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 1 through grid connection. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the high-voltage cable 2 and outputs smooth electricity to the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and ensuring stable grid operation; or, the wind power conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable 2. High-voltage cable 2 connects the wind power conversion device to the power distribution network under normal power generation conditions. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in energy storage device 1 to reduce wind and solar curtailment and improve the absorption of new energy power generation. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in energy storage device 1 in conjunction with high-voltage cable 2 in grid-connected mode to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving function of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure on the power grid.

[0052] In some embodiments of the distribution network side, the first electric energy conversion device 3 can be a photovoltaic electric energy conversion device, the energy storage device 1 is connected with the high-voltage cable 2 and installed between the downstream of the high-voltage cable 2 and the user load, the electric energy output by the photovoltaic electric energy conversion device is stored in the energy storage device 1, and the energy storage device 1 serves as a backup power source in time when the power grid / distribution network fails; or, the energy storage device 1 provides power supply support to relieve line congestion of the high-voltage cable 2, relieve line congestion, and delay economic pressure generated by power grid / distribution expansion when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0053] Optionally, the first electric energy conversion device 3 can include but is not limited to a wind power electric energy conversion device, and the second electric energy conversion device 4 can include but is not limited to a photovoltaic electric energy conversion device, and the first electric energy conversion device 3 and the second electric energy conversion device 4 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, heat energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and mechanical energy into electric energy.

[0054] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 can include but is not limited to an energy storage power station, a hydraulic / thermal / wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a mobile power system, a smart home system or a temporary power supply system, and is also applied to data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, electric vehicles and other fields.

[0055] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 can include but is not limited to a single battery, a battery module, a battery pack, a battery cluster, a mobile power supply, a battery integrated system such as a battery cabinet / battery container. The actual application form of the energy storage device 1 provided in the embodiments of the present application can be but is not limited to the listed products, and can also be other application forms. The embodiments of the present application do not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 1. The embodiments of the present application only take the multi-core battery as an example for description.

[0056] Optionally, when the energy storage device 1 is a single battery, the energy storage device 1 can be but is not limited to at least one of a cylindrical battery, a square battery, a prismatic battery or other shaped batteries.

[0057] In order to solve the problems described in the background art, the ventilation scheme of installing an air inlet fan and an air outlet fan in the cabin is generally used in the prior art, and the air replacement and pressure release in the cabin are achieved by forced air exhaust of the fan. However, at least the following defects exist in this way: On the one hand, the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan are not always started, but are started after the pressure relief valve of the battery pack in the cabin bursts. After the pressure relief valve of the battery pack bursts, a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas has diffused into the cabin, and part of the gas may be retained and accumulated in the cabin. The air outlet fan started in the lagging manner is difficult to quickly and completely discharge the gas, resulting in low air outlet efficiency, and the heat spread path cannot be timely blocked, and there is still a safety hazard. On the other hand, after the fan is started, the airflow field in the cabin is prone to be turbulent, and gas vortex may be formed in some areas, further reducing the discharge rate of the combustible gas, and the safety protection effect of the ventilation system cannot be fully played.

[0058] In addition, the additional installation of the air outlet fan and the air inlet fan needs to invest in special fan equipment cost, and the processes such as fixed installation, pipeline connection and circuit adaptation of the fan need to consume a large amount of labor cost, thereby prolonging the production cycle of the prefabricated cabin. Moreover, as a mechanical component, the fan needs to be subsequently invested in maintenance cost to ensure its operation reliability, thereby further increasing the whole life cycle cost of the energy storage system.

[0059] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a cabin air outlet solution to improve the air outlet efficiency and reduce the material and labor cost.

[0060] The energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a box body and an energy storage module. The box body includes a frame, and at least part of the frame constitutes a discharge collection structure. The discharge collection structure includes a collection channel and a collection inlet in communication with the collection channel. The energy storage module is arranged in the frame. The energy storage module includes a battery pack and a guide member having a guide channel. The guide member is fixedly arranged on one side of the battery pack. An end of the guide member close to the collection inlet is provided with a second through hole in communication with the guide channel and the collection inlet. The guide channel is configured to guide the discharge of the battery pack in thermal runaway to enter the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet.

[0061] The energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a box body and an energy storage module. The box body includes a frame, and at least part of the frame constitutes a discharge collection structure. The discharge collection structure includes a collection channel and a collection inlet in communication with the collection channel. The energy storage module is arranged in the frame. The energy storage module includes a battery pack and a guide member having a guide channel. The guide member is fixedly arranged on one side of the battery pack. An end of the guide member close to the collection inlet is provided with a second through hole in communication with the guide channel and the collection inlet. The guide channel is configured to guide the discharge of the battery pack in thermal runaway to enter the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet.

[0062] Therefore, the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages. On one hand, under the action of the guide channel, the exhaust emitted by the pressure relief mechanism can enter the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet, and the exhaust neither diffuses to the area where the adjacent other single batteries are located nor diffuses to the internal space of the box, thereby effectively reducing the risk of heat spread and improving the safety of the energy storage device. Meanwhile, the exhaust emitted by the pressure relief mechanism enters the collection channel through the guide channel, and the exhaust does not overflow into the box during the whole flow process, and such a direct exhaust structure improves the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust. On the other hand, since the exhaust emitted by the pressure relief mechanism does not enter the box but only flows along the guide channel of the guide piece, the internal space of the box does not form a gas vortex. In addition, the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application utilizes at least part of the frame to form the exhaust collection structure, and does not need to assemble mechanical components such as exhaust fans and air intake fans in the prior art, thereby saving material costs and reducing the maintenance cost of labor in the later stage. Moreover, the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application utilizes the structure of the frame itself to form the exhaust collection structure, and does not introduce other electronic devices, and therefore the operation reliability of the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application is higher.

[0063] Next, the energy storage device is taken as a prefabricated cabin for example to be described.

[0064] As shown in Figure 2 , the prefabricated cabin includes a box 300 and a plurality of energy storage modules 10, and the plurality of energy storage modules 10 are arranged in the box 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of energy storage modules 10 are arranged in the box 300 in an array arrangement.

[0065] It can be understood that the box 300 can also be provided with liquid cooling modules, central control cabinets, high-voltage boxes and the like.

[0066] As shown in Figure 3 , the energy storage module 10 provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a battery module 100a, and the battery module 100a includes a battery pack 110, and the battery pack 110 includes a plurality of single batteries 111 arranged side by side along the Y-axis direction, and the plurality of single batteries 111 can be connected in series, connected in parallel or connected in a mixed manner. Among them, the mixed connection means that there are both series connection and parallel connection among the plurality of single batteries 111.

[0067] Specifically, the single-cell battery 111 can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0068] Optionally, the X-axis direction is the width direction of the battery module 100a, the Y-axis direction is the length direction of the battery module 100a, and the Z-axis direction is the height direction of the battery module 100a.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the single cell 111 includes a housing 111a, the housing 111a includes a shell 1114 and an end cap 1115. The shell 1114 has an opening, and the end cap 1115 is connected to the shell 1114 and closes the opening of the shell 1114 to isolate the internal environment of the single cell 111 from the external environment.

[0070] The housing 1114 is an assembly used to fit with the end cap 1115 to form a cavity for the single cell 111. The cavity formed after the housing 1114 and the end cap 1115 are connected can be used to accommodate electrode assemblies, electrolyte, and other components.

[0071] The housing 1114 can have various shapes and sizes. The shape of the housing 1114 can be determined according to the shape and size of the electrode assembly. In addition, the material of the housing 1114 can be selected from various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0072] End cap 1115 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 1114 to isolate the cavity of single cell 111 from the external environment. End cap 1115 may be provided with terminal post 1112, which is used to electrically connect with electrode assembly for outputting or inputting electrical energy of single cell 111.

[0073] In one embodiment, the end cap 1115 is provided with two terminals 1112, one of which is a positive terminal and the other is a negative terminal.

[0074] The electrode assembly is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the single battery 111. The electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator film is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to avoid internal short circuit of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet have portions of active material that constitute an electrode body of the electrode assembly, and portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not have active material each constitute a tab. The positive tab and the negative tab can be located together at one end of the electrode body or at separate ends of the electrode body. During charging and discharging of the single battery 111, the positive active material and the negative active material react with an electrolyte, and the tabs are connected to the posts 1112 to form a current loop.

[0075] In an embodiment, the housing 111a is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 1111 for relieving internal pressure of the single battery 111.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is provided on the end cover 1115 and is located between the two posts 1112.

[0077] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is actuated to relieve internal pressure or temperature of the single battery 111 when the internal pressure or temperature of the single battery 111 reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the single battery 111 reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is broken, thereby forming an opening or a passage for the internal pressure or temperature to be relieved. The threshold value is designed differently according to design requirements. The threshold value can depend on the material of one or more of the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte, and the separator film in the single battery 111.

[0078] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be integrally formed with the housing 111a, for example, a notch is made on the housing 111a to form a weak structure, which serves as the pressure relief mechanism 1111.

[0079] As a variant embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can also be provided separately from the housing 111a and connected, for example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is connected to the housing 111a by welding or through other components. For example, a notch is provided on the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to form a weak structure.

[0080] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can take the form of a relief valve, a balance valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve, etc.

[0081] The "actuation" mentioned in the present application refers to the action or activation of the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the single battery 111 can be released. The action of the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can include but is not limited to: the movement of the components in the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to form a venting channel, the rupture, fragmentation, tearing or opening of at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 1111, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances in the interior of the single battery 111 will be discharged outward from the actuated part as the discharge. In this way, the single battery 111 can be depressurized and cooled under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding more serious accidents.

[0082] The discharge from the single battery 111 mentioned in the present application includes but is not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by reaction, flames, etc.

[0083] As shown in Figures 5 to 7 Optionally, the box body 300 is a cuboid, and the box body 300 includes a frame 300a and a box wall covering the outer surface of the frame 300a. The box wall includes a top wall 340, a bottom wall 380, two first side walls 350 arranged opposite to each other along the X-axis direction, and two second side walls 360 arranged opposite to each other along the Y-axis direction. The top wall 340 is connected to the top of the frame 300a, the bottom wall 380 is connected to the bottom of the frame 300a, and the first side walls 350 and the second side walls 360 are connected to the side of the frame 300a.

[0084] The top wall 340 and the bottom wall 380 are arranged opposite to each other along the Z-axis direction, the two ends of the top wall 340 along the Y-axis direction are connected to the two second side walls 360 respectively, the two ends of the top wall 340 along the X-axis direction are connected to the two first side walls 350 respectively, the two ends of the bottom wall 380 along the Y-axis direction are connected to the two second side walls 360 away from the top wall 340 respectively, and the two ends of the bottom wall 380 along the X-axis direction are connected to the two first side walls 350 away from the top wall 340 respectively. The two ends of the first side wall 350 along the Y-axis direction are connected to the two second side walls 360 respectively, the two ends of the first side wall 350 along the Z-axis direction are connected to the top wall 340 and the bottom wall 380 respectively, the two ends of the second side wall 360 along the X-axis direction are connected to the two first side walls 350 respectively, and the two ends of the second side wall 360 along the Z-axis direction are connected to the top wall 340 and the bottom wall 380 respectively.

[0085] As shown in Figures 7 to 9 Optionally, at least part of the frame 300a constitutes a discharge collection structure 300b, and the discharge collection structure 300b includes a collection channel 301 and a collection inlet 302 communicating with the collection channel 301.

[0086] As shown in Figure 3 ,Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in FIG. 1, the battery module 100a further comprises a guide 160 having a guide channel 160a, the guide 160 comprises a main body 161 arranged at one side of the battery pack 110, the main body 161 has at least part of the guide channel 160a, the main body 161 covers the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each single battery 111, and in the first direction, the main body 161 is provided with a first through hole 1611 at a position corresponding to each pressure relief mechanism 1111, i.e., the pressure relief mechanisms 1111 of the plurality of single batteries 111 of the battery pack 110 correspond to the positions of the plurality of first through holes 1611 of the main body 161 respectively. One end of the guide 160 along the Y-axis direction is provided with a second through hole 1621, the first through hole 1611 and the second through hole 1621 are both in communication with the guide channel 160a, and the guide channel 160a is configured to guide the exhaust of each pressure relief mechanism 1111 to flow in the guide channel 160a and enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302. Wherein, the first direction is the height direction or the width direction of the battery pack 110, i.e., the first direction is the Z-axis direction or the X-axis direction.

[0087] When the single battery 111 is in a thermal runaway state, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the single battery 111 is actuated, and the exhaust inside the single battery 111 is ejected through the pressure relief mechanism 1111. The guide channel 160a can guide the exhaust to flow in the guide channel 160a and enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302.

[0088] Therefore, the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application has the guide member 160 provided on one side of the battery pack, the first through holes 1611 corresponding to the positions of the pressure relief mechanisms 1111 of the single batteries 111 are arranged on the guide member 160, the second through hole 1621 is arranged at one end of the guide member 160, and the discharge collection structure 300b is formed at least partially in the frame 300a of the box body 300, the discharge collection structure 300b includes the collection channel 301 and the collection inlet 302 communicating with the collection channel 301, so that when the thermal runaway occurs in the single battery 111, the discharge produced by the single battery 111 can be guided by the guide channel 160a to the second through hole 1621 at one end of the guide member 160, and then enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302. On the one hand, under the action of the guide channel 160a, the discharge sprayed by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302, and the discharge will neither spread to the area where the adjacent single batteries are located nor spread to the internal space of the box body 300, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thermal spread and improving the safety of the energy storage device. At the same time, the discharge sprayed by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 directly enters the guide channel 160a after passing through the first through hole, and then enters the collection channel 301 through the guide channel 160a. The discharge will not overflow into the box body 300 during the entire flow process, and the direct discharge structure improves the discharge efficiency of the discharge. On the other hand, since the discharge sprayed by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 does not enter the box body 300, but only flows along the guide channel 160a of the guide member 160, the internal space of the box body 300 will not form a gas vortex. In addition, the discharge collection structure 300b is formed by at least part of the frame 300a in the embodiments, without the need to assemble mechanical components such as exhaust fans and air intake fans in the prior art, thereby saving material costs and reducing the maintenance cost of labor in the later stage. Moreover, the discharge collection structure 300b is formed by the structure of the frame 300a itself, without introducing other electronic devices, so that the operation reliability of the scheme in the embodiments is higher.

[0089] As shown in Figure 10 The battery module 100a further includes a cold plate 140 located on one side of the battery pack 110 for cooling the single batteries 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the guide member 160 and the cold plate 140 are respectively located on both sides of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 7As shown, frame 300a includes two bottom beams 310, two top beams 320, two top edge beams 391, two bottom edge beams 392, and four longitudinal beams 393.

[0092] Two bottom beams 310 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction, and each bottom beam 310 extends along the X-axis direction. Two top beams 320 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction, and each top beam 320 extends along the X-axis direction. The two bottom beams 310 and the two top beams 320 are arranged opposite each other in the Z-axis direction in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0093] Each top edge beam 391 and each bottom edge beam 392 extends along the Y-axis direction. The two top edge beams 391 are arranged opposite each other in the X-axis direction. The two top edge beams 391 and the two top beams 320 are connected end to end in sequence to form a top rectangular frame. The two bottom edge beams 392 are arranged opposite each other in the X-axis direction. The two bottom edge beams 392 and the two bottom beams 310 are connected end to end in sequence to form a bottom rectangular frame.

[0094] The top rectangle and the bottom rectangle are set opposite each other in the Z-axis direction. Four longitudinal beams 393 are connected between the top rectangle and the bottom rectangle, and the four longitudinal beams 393 are respectively connected to the four corners of the top rectangle and the bottom rectangle.

[0095] Optionally, the frame 300a may also include a plurality of transition beams 394 extending along the Y-axis and connecting the two top beams 320.

[0096] like Figure 7 As shown, the frame 300a also includes a plurality of columns 330, each column 330 being connected between the top beam 320 and the bottom beam 310. In one embodiment, the columns 330 extend along the Z-axis direction.

[0097] In one embodiment, the column 330 has a first hollow structure, which forms at least a partial collection channel 301, and the column 330 is provided with a collection inlet 302 that communicates with the first hollow structure.

[0098] In the embodiment, the column 330 of the frame 300a is designed to participate in forming the exhaust collection structure 300b, and the column 330 has a first hollow structure and the collection inlet 302, the first hollow structure forms at least part of the collection channel 301, so that when the single battery 111 is in a thermal runaway state, the exhaust emitted by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can enter the first hollow structure of the column 330 under the guidance of the guide channel 160a of the guide 160, realizing the directional treatment of the exhaust. Compared with the existing technology that uses a fan to exhaust, the column 330 of the present embodiment, as part of the frame 300a, can simultaneously realize the effects of "improving the structural strength of the frame 300a" and "collecting exhaust", simplifying the overall structure of the box 300, reducing the number of components and assembly processes, and reducing production and maintenance costs. In addition, since the column 330 is vertically arranged, the collection inlet 302 is arranged on the column 330, so that after the energy storage module 10 is loaded into the box 300, the second through hole 1621 of the guide 160 can be directly opposite the collection inlet 302 of the column 330, so that the exhaust emitted by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is directly introduced into the collection channel 301 through the collection inlet 302 after being emitted from the second through hole 1621, without the need for an additional connecting component to connect the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302, further saving costs and reducing the number of components and assembly processes.

[0099] As shown in Figure 13 , the exhaust collection structure 300b further comprises a discharge port 303 in communication with the collection channel 301.

[0100] In the embodiment, the exhaust collection structure 300b further comprises a discharge port 303, so that the exhaust collection structure 300b can not only collect exhaust into the collection channel 301, but also discharge exhaust from the discharge port 303, avoiding the exhaust remaining in the collection channel 301 affecting the speed of the exhaust entering the collection channel 301.

[0101] Optionally, the discharge port 303 is configured to discharge gas included in the exhaust. Of course, the discharge port 303 can also discharge solids and / or liquids.

[0102] Please continue to refer to Figure 13 , in an exemplary embodiment, the top beam 320 has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure and the second hollow structure are in communication, the second hollow structure forms part of the collection channel 301, the first hollow structure forms part of the collection channel 301, and the top beam 320 is provided with a discharge port 303 in communication with the collection channel 301.

[0103] In the embodiment, the vent 303 is arranged on the roof beam 320 in a hollow structure. On the one hand, the roof beam 320 can realize the effects of “improving the structural strength of the frame 300a” and “discharging the exhaust”, one component has multiple purposes, which simplifies the overall structure of the box 300, reduces the number of components and assembly processes, and reduces the production and maintenance costs. On the other hand, the roof beam 320 is arranged on the top of the frame 300a, and the gas can automatically float upward when flowing along the collection channel 301, so that the gas included in the exhaust can be discharged from the vent 303 on the roof beam 320 without driving force.

[0104] Optionally, the vent 303 can be arranged on the top surface of the roof beam 320 or the outer side surface of the roof beam 320. The top surface of the roof beam 320 refers to the side surface of the roof beam 320 facing away from the bottom beam 310, and the outer side surface refers to the side surface of the roof beam 320 facing away from the internal space of the box 300.

[0105] Of course, the vent 303 can also be arranged at other positions of the frame 300a. For example: In a variant embodiment, the vent 303 can also be arranged at a position of the stand column 330 close to the roof beam 320.

[0106] In another variant embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 , the transition beam 394 has a fourth hollow structure, the fourth hollow structure is in communication with the second hollow structure of the roof beam 320, the transition beam 394 is provided with the vent 303, and the opening of the vent 303 faces away from the bottom wall 380. The exhaust can be discharged from the vent 303 of the transition beam 394.

[0107] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 13 , the vent 303 or a position close to the vent 303 in the collection channel 301 is provided with a one-way valve 307, and the one-way valve 307 is configured to control the one-way flow of the gas included in the exhaust.

[0108] In the embodiment, the one-way valve 307 only allows the gas in the collection channel 301 to be discharged through the vent 303, and can block the external gas from flowing into the collection channel 301 through the vent 303, thereby avoiding backflow of the gas.

[0109] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 13 , the roof beam 320 is provided with a first insertion hole 321, the first insertion hole 321 is in communication with the second hollow structure of the roof beam 320, the top end of the stand column 330 is inserted into the first insertion hole 321, and the stand column 330 is welded with the roof beam 320, so that the first hollow structure of the stand column 330 is in communication with the second hollow structure of the roof beam 320.

[0110] As shown in Figure 14As shown, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. Optionally, the storage cavity 304 is configured to store liquids and / or solids included in the emissions.

[0111] The emissions ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 include not only high-temperature, high-pressure gases, but may also include electrolyte, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, etc. When the emissions include liquids and / or solids such as electrolyte, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode plates, and fragments of the separator, the liquids and / or solids are not easily discharged from the vent 303 due to their large weight. Furthermore, due to environmental protection requirements, liquids ejected during battery thermal runaway cannot be directly discharged into the external environment. Therefore, in this embodiment, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. When the emissions include solids and / or liquids, the storage cavity 304 can store these liquids and / or solids, preventing them from being directly discharged into the external environment, thus meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0112] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the bottom beam 310 has a third hollow structure that is connected to the first hollow structure. The third hollow structure forms a storage cavity 304, which is configured to store liquids and / or solids included in the discharge.

[0113] In this embodiment, the bottom beam 310 has a third hollow structure, thus forming a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. When the discharge includes liquids and / or solids, these liquids and / or solids will flow into the storage cavity 304 for storage under gravity. As part of the frame 300a, the bottom beam 310 can simultaneously achieve the effects of "improving the structural strength of the frame 300a" ​​and "storing discharges," simplifying the overall structure of the housing 300, reducing the number of parts and assembly steps, and lowering production and maintenance costs. Furthermore, since the bottom beam 310 is located at the very bottom of the frame 300a, the liquids and / or solids included in the discharges ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can flow smoothly into the storage cavity 304 solely by their own gravity, without the need for additional components to drive the flow of liquids and / or solids.

[0114] In one implementation, such as Figure 14 As shown, the bottom beam 310 is provided with a second insertion hole 311, which is connected to the third hollow structure of the bottom beam 310. The bottom end of the column 330 is inserted into the second insertion hole 311, and the column 330 is welded to the bottom beam 310 so that the first hollow structure of the column 330 is connected to the third hollow structure of the bottom beam 310.

[0115] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the box wall of the box body 300 is provided with a first opening 306 for allowing gas to enter the box body 300, and the first opening 306 and the discharge port 303 are arranged at different sides of the box body.

[0116] The first opening 306 serves as an air inlet for allowing cold air outside the box body 300 to enter the box body 300, so as to cool the liquid cooling unit in the box body 300. The discharge port 303 is used for discharging high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery. In the embodiment, the first opening 306 and the discharge port 303 are arranged at different sides of the box body 300, so as to avoid the high-temperature gas sprayed from the discharge port 303 mixing with the cold air outside the box body 300 and then flowing into the box body 300 through the first opening 306, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the liquid cooling unit.

[0117] In an embodiment, the box wall of the box body 300 is provided with a second opening 305, the first opening 306 and the second opening 305 are arranged at different sides of the box body 300, and the discharge port 303 and the second opening 305 are arranged at the same side of the box body 300. The second opening 305 serves as an air outlet for discharging gas that has exchanged heat with the liquid cooling unit in the box body 300.

[0118] In the embodiment, the first opening 306 and the second opening 305 are arranged at different sides of the box body 300, and the hot air discharged from the second opening 305 and the cold air at the first opening 306 are located at different sides of the box wall, so as to avoid the hot air discharged from the second opening 305 mixing with the cold air at the first opening 306, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the liquid cooling unit. In addition, since the second opening 305 and the discharge port 303 are both used for discharging hot gas outside the box body 300, compared with the case where the second opening 305 and the discharge port 303 are arranged at different sides of the box wall, the embodiment arranges the second opening 305 and the discharge port 303 at the same side of the box body 300, so as to reduce the number of openings on the surface of the box body 300, thereby ensuring the continuity of the structure of the box body 300 and the integrity of the protection.

[0119] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the top wall 340 is provided with the second opening 305, and each second side wall 360 is provided with the first opening 306.

[0120] As shown in Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 14 , the column 330 is provided with a sealing member 410 clamped between one side surface of the collection inlet 302 and the guide member 160, the sealing member 410 is provided with a third through hole 411 penetrating through the sealing member 410, and the third through hole 411 is in communication with the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302.

[0121] In the embodiment, the seal 410 is arranged between the column 330 and the guide 160, so that the leakage of the exhaust from the gap between the column 330 and the guide 160 during the flow of the exhaust from the second through hole 1621 to the collection inlet 302 is prevented.

[0122] In assembly, the seal 410 can be connected to the column 330 or the guide 160 by adhesion, and when the energy storage module 10 is installed at the preset position in the box 300, the seal 410 is clamped between the guide 160 and the column 330 to achieve the sealing effect.

[0123] Optionally, the seal 410 is a ring-shaped silica gel foam.

[0124] As shown in Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 15 , the guide 160 further includes an extension 162 bent at one end of the main body 161 in the Y-axis direction, the main body 161 has a partial guide channel 160a, the extension 162 has a partial guide channel 160a, and the second through hole 1621 is arranged in the extension 162.

[0125] In the embodiment, the extension 162 is bent at one end of the main body 161 in the Y-axis direction, so that the extension 162 can be bent in multiple directions, for example, the extension 162 is bent and then extends in the first direction. In this way, the size of the extension 162 can be designed to be larger without increasing the volume of the battery module 100a too much. When the second through hole 1621 is arranged in the extension 162, the size of the second through hole 1621 can also be designed to be larger. The larger size of the second through hole 1621 is beneficial for the exhaust to be discharged from the second through hole 1621 in time, so as to avoid the guide channel 160a from being blocked.

[0126] The shape of the second through hole 1621 is not particularly limited in the application. Optionally, the shape of the second through hole 1621 can be rectangular, circular, oval, triangular, etc.

[0127] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 14 , the seal 410 is clamped between the extension and the column.

[0128] In the embodiment, since the extension 162 is bent and then extends in the first direction, the size of the extension 162 can be designed to be larger, and thus the area of the side surface of the extension 162 facing the column is also larger. When the seal 410 is clamped between the extension 162 and the column 330, the area of the extension 162 in contact with the seal 410 is larger, so that the seal 410 can be more stably clamped between the extension 162 and the column 330.

[0129] In an embodiment, the extension portion 162 extends from the main portion 161 along a first direction, and the extension portion 162 has an overlapping area with the front projection of the battery pack 110 on a first projection plane; wherein the first projection plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

[0130] In the present embodiment, the extension portion 162 is located at one side of the battery pack 110 along the Y-axis direction, i.e. the extension portion 162 only occupies the space of the battery module 100a along the Y-axis direction, and does not occupy the space of the battery module 100a along the Z-axis direction. Through such a design, although the guide member 160 is additionally arranged in the battery module 100a, the overall shape of the battery module 100a still maintains a regular cuboid shape, which is convenient for subsequent grouping of the battery module 100a or assembly into a battery cluster. Since the battery module 100a is a regular cuboid shape, the integration is higher after grouping or forming a battery cluster, which is beneficial to improve the energy density.

[0131] In addition, the extension portion 162 is designed on one side of the battery pack 110, which has the following advantages: when a plurality of energy storage modules 10 arranged in an array are arranged in the box 300, the extension portion 162 of one energy storage module 10 will not interfere with the adjacent energy storage module 10, so that more energy storage modules 10 can be arranged in the box 300, further improving the energy density.

[0132] It should be noted that when the single battery 111 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 1111 on one side along the Z-axis direction, the main portion 161 is arranged on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction, and the extension portion 162 extends from the main portion 161 along the Z-axis direction; when the single battery 111 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 1111 on one side along the X-axis direction, the main portion 161 is arranged on one side of the battery pack 110 along the X-axis direction, and the extension portion 162 extends from the main portion 161 along the X-axis direction.

[0133] Optionally, the main portion 161 is a rectangular plate structure, and the extension portion 162 is a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the main portion 161 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The main portion 161 is laid on the top surface of the battery pack 110, i.e. the surface with a larger area of the main portion 161 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.

[0134] Of course, in other embodiments, the guide member 160 can also be a hollow tubular structure, for example, the guide member 160 is a square tube.

[0135] In a variant embodiment, the guide member 160 can also not include the extension portion 162, but only include the main portion 161 extending along the Y-axis direction, and the main portion 161 is provided with a second through hole 1621 at one end along the Y-axis direction.

[0136] As Figure 15As shown, in an embodiment, the orifice of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110.

[0137] In the present embodiment, since the orifice of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110, when the exhaust is sprayed out from the second through hole 1621, the exhaust spray direction is away from the battery pack 110, avoiding the exhaust sprayed from the second through hole 1621 from polluting the single battery 111 of the battery pack 110. In addition, since the side of the extension part 162 facing away from the battery pack 110 is not provided with the battery pack 110, this side has a larger operation space, so it is convenient to arrange the equipment for collecting and processing the exhaust near the second through hole 1621.

[0138] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 15 , the battery pack 110 is provided with an end plate 120 at both ends along the Y-axis direction, and the main body part 161 is fixedly connected with the end plate 120. The extension part 162 is located at the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110.

[0139] In the present embodiment, by connecting the main body part 161 with the end plate 120, the stability of the relative position of the guide part 160 relative to each single battery 111 of the battery pack 110 can be ensured, avoiding the problem that the exhaust of the single battery 111 cannot flow into the guide channel 160a in time due to the misalignment of the guide part 160 relative to the battery pack 110, and further avoiding the misalignment of the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each single battery 111 relative to the first through hole 1611 of the guide part 160. In addition, in the present embodiment, the main body part 161 is connected with the end plate 120, which makes full use of the existing components in the battery module 100a, without the need to additionally arrange other components for connecting with the main body part 161, which not only simplifies the structure of the battery module 100a, but also saves the cost.

[0140] As shown in Figure 15 , the main body part 161 is provided with a pressing edge 1612 extending along the Y-axis direction at both sides along the X-axis direction, and the pressing edge 1612 is fixedly connected with the end plate 120 by the fifth fastener T5.

[0141] In the present embodiment, the fifth fastener T5 is used to connect the guide part 160 and the end plate 120, which can ensure the connection strength between the guide part 160 and the end plate 120, and avoid the misalignment of the guide part 160 relative to each single battery 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0142] Optionally, the fifth fastener T5 can be a screw, a rivet, etc.

[0143] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 15As shown, the pole columns 1112 of the plurality of single batteries 111 of the battery pack 110 form two pole column rows 1113 in the Y-axis direction, and the main body 161 is located between the two pole column rows 1113.

[0144] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is arranged between the two pole column rows 1113, i.e., the size of the main body 161 is smaller than the size between the two pole column rows 1113, and the guide 160 with the guide channel 160a can be additionally arranged without affecting the connection of the pole column rows 1113 and the bus bars.

[0145] Please continue to refer to Figure 10 and Figure 15 Each pole column row 1113 is electrically connected with a sampling assembly 170, and the main body 161 does not have an overlapping area with the normal projection of each sampling assembly 170 on a second projection plane, and the second projection plane is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction. The sampling assembly 170 is used to collect the temperature and / or voltage of the single battery 111.

[0146] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is arranged to avoid the two pole column rows 1113, so that the pole column rows 1113 can be electrically connected with the sampling assembly 170, and the sampling assembly 170 does not interfere with the main body 161, thereby avoiding the burning of the sampling assembly 170 due to the temperature rise of the main body 161 when the guide channel 160a is connected to the exhaust.

[0147] Optionally, the sampling assembly 170 includes a sampling circuit board and a plurality of bus bars, the plurality of bus bars are electrically connected with a plurality of pole columns 1112 included in one pole column row 1113, and the sampling circuit board is electrically connected with the plurality of bus bars.

[0148] In an embodiment, the guide 160 has a hollow cavity, and at least part of the hollow cavity forms the guide channel 160a.

[0149] Optionally, the guide 160 can include two plates, one of which has a folded edge at the outer edge, and the folded edge of the plate is connected with the surface of the other plate with a larger area, so that the two plates enclose the guide channel 160a. The other plate has a plurality of first through holes 1611, each first through hole 1611 penetrates the plate along the thickness direction of the plate.

[0150] As shown in Figure 16 The energy storage module 10 of the embodiment of the application includes a plurality of electrically connected battery modules 100a, the plurality of battery modules 100a are arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the plurality of battery modules 100a form a battery unit 100. The battery unit 100 is fixedly connected with a side plate 200 on both sides along the X-axis direction, and each battery module 100a is fixedly connected between at least two side plates 200.

[0151] The number of the battery modules 100a can be two, three, four or other numbers. The plurality of battery modules 100a can be connected in series or in parallel or in a hybrid manner.

[0152] As shown in Figures 16 to 18 , each battery module 100a includes a battery pack 110, an end plate 120 and a cold plate 140, the battery pack 110 is provided with the end plate 120 at both ends along the Y-axis direction, and the cold plate 140 is located at one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction. The end plate 120, the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200 are connected to form a containing cavity 130 for containing the battery pack 110.

[0153] The energy storage device of the embodiment of the present application, the battery unit 100 includes a plurality of battery modules 100a, the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140 of each battery module 100a are connected with the side plate 200 to form a containing cavity 130 for containing the battery pack 110, and under the joint action of the end plate 120, the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200, the plurality of battery modules 100a can be stacked together in the Z-axis direction and grouped. Compared with the packaging structure of "box + box cover" adopted in the prior art, the energy storage device of the embodiment of the present application omits the box and the box cover. On the one hand, the weight and the volume of the whole energy storage device are significantly reduced, which is convenient for the operation personnel to carry and operate, and further reduces the risk of knocking with other components. On the other hand, since the volume of each energy storage device is smaller, when a plurality of energy storage devices are assembled into a battery cluster, the space occupied by each energy storage device is smaller, and further the integration rate of the battery cluster is higher, which improves the energy density of the battery cluster.

[0154] As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19 , in an exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is generally a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Y-axis direction, the width direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Z-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the X-axis direction.

[0155] As shown in Figure 19 , at least one of the surface of the side plate 200 facing the battery unit 100 and the surface of the side plate 200 facing away from the battery unit 100 is provided with a reinforcing rib 230, and the reinforcing rib 230 extends along the Y-axis direction.

[0156] In the embodiment, by providing the reinforcing rib 230 on the side plate 200, the structural strength of the side plate 200 can be significantly improved, and further the structural firmness of the plurality of battery modules 100a after grouping can be ensured, so that the side plate 200 is not easily twisted and deformed due to the too long length of the battery module 100a.

[0157] Please continue to refer to Figure 11 , the side plate 200 is also provided with a weight-reducing hole 240 penetrating through the side plate 200 along the X-axis direction.

[0158] In the embodiment, the weight-reducing holes 240 can reduce the weight of the side plate 200 to some extent, so as to further reduce the overall weight of the energy storage device. In addition, the weight-reducing holes 240 provided on the side plate 200 can also save the material cost of the side plate 200.

[0159] The shape of the weight-reducing holes 240 is not particularly limited in the present application. For example, the shape of the weight-reducing holes 240 can be any one of the following: circular, rectangular, oval, waist-round, etc.

[0160] In an exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is provided with multiple rows of weight-reducing holes 240, and each row includes multiple weight-reducing holes 240.

[0161] In an embodiment, the side plate 200 can be a stamped part, and the reinforcing ribs 230 and the weight-reducing holes 240 are formed by stamping on a flat plate.

[0162] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side plate 200 is provided with the reinforcing ribs 230 on the surface facing the end plate 120. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side plate 200 is provided with the reinforcing ribs 230 on the surface facing the end plate 120.

[0163] In an exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is provided with the reinforcing ribs 230 on the surface facing the end plate 120.

[0164] Of course, in other embodiments, the side plate 200 is provided with one first flange 210 at each end along the Y-axis direction, and the length of the first flange 210 along the Z-axis direction is relatively long, so that the multiple end plates 120 located at the same end along the Y-axis direction in the multiple battery modules 100a are connected to one first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200.

[0165] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side plate 200 is provided with the reinforcing ribs 230 on the surface facing the end plate 120. Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side plate 200 is provided with the reinforcing ribs 230 on the surface facing the end plate 120.

[0166] In the embodiment, the first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end plate 120 through the first fastener T1, and the design of the first flange 210 increases the contact area when the side plate 200 is connected to the end plate 120, thereby improving the connection strength of the side plate 200 and the end plate 120, so that the side plate 200 and the end plate 120 can form a stable accommodating cavity 130 after being connected.

[0167] In an embodiment, the first fastener T1 can be a screw, a rivet, or the like.

[0168] In an embodiment, the first flange 210 is long strip-shaped and extends along the Z-axis direction.

[0169] As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21 , the first flange 210 is located on the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110, i.e., the first flange 210 is located on the outer side of the end plate 120.

[0170] Compared with the scheme of inserting the first flange 210 between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, in the present embodiment, the first flange 210 is arranged on the outer side of the end plate 120, which can ensure that no extra components are arranged between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, thereby ensuring that the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110 can be closely attached, and the compactness of the battery module 100a structure is improved.

[0171] Referring back to Figure 18 , the end plate 120 is provided with a frame 122 at each end along the X-axis direction, and the frame 122 and the corresponding first flange 210 are fixedly connected by the first fastener T1.

[0172] The side surface of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110 is further provided with at least one transverse rib 123 and at least one longitudinal rib 124, the transverse rib 123 extends along the X-axis direction, the longitudinal rib 124 extends along the Z-axis direction, and the transverse rib 123 intersects with the longitudinal rib 124. Among them, the two ends of the transverse rib 123 are respectively connected with the frames 122 at the two ends of the end plate 120 along the X-axis direction.

[0173] As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 20 , the end plate 120 is provided with a second flange 121 at one end close to the cold plate 140, which is bent towards the direction away from the accommodating cavity 130, and the second flange 121 is fixedly connected with the cold plate 140 by the second fastener T2.

[0174] In the present embodiment, the second flange 121 provided on the end plate 120 increases the contact area between the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, thereby improving the connection strength of the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, so that the cold plate 140 is not easily deformed under pressure, and the cold plate 140 can provide stable support force to the battery pack 110.

[0175] In an embodiment, the second fastener T2 can be a screw, a rivet, or the like.

[0176] Optionally, one end of the longitudinal rib 124 can be connected with the second flange 121.

[0177] In an embodiment, the second flange 121 is long strip-shaped and extends along the X-axis direction.

[0178] In an embodiment, the cold plate 140 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 200.

[0179] In the present embodiment, the cold plate 140 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, the end plate 120 is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and the side plate 200 is perpendicular to the X-axis direction. The cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 are connected to each other. Through such a structural design, the cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 form a three-dimensional support structure, thereby improving the overall connection strength and stability of the energy storage device.

[0180] As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21 , the two ends of the cold plate 140 along the X-axis direction are respectively provided with third flanges 141 bent away from the direction of the battery pack 110. The third flanges 141 are fixedly connected to the corresponding side plates 200 by third fasteners T3.

[0181] In the present embodiment, the third flanges 141 provided on the cold plate 140 increase the contact area between the cold plate 140 and the side plates 200, thereby improving the connection strength of the cold plate 140 and the side plates 200. The cold plate 140 can be stably connected between the two side plates 200, further ensuring that the cold plate 140 can provide stable support force to the battery pack 110.

[0182] In an embodiment, the third flange 141 is long strip-shaped and extends along the Y-axis direction.

[0183] In an embodiment, the third fastener T3 can be a screw, a rivet, etc.

[0184] As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21 , the side of the third flange 141 away from the side plate 200 is further provided with a reinforcing member 150. The reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140. The reinforcing member 150, the third flange 141, and the side plate 200 are fixedly connected by the third fastener T3. The third flange 141 is clamped between the reinforcing member 150 and the side plate 200.

[0185] On the one hand, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141, the connection strength between the side plate 200 and the third flange 141 may be affected due to the insufficient thickness of the third flange 141. In this embodiment, a reinforcing member 150 is provided on the side of the third flange 141 facing away from the side plate 200. The setting of the reinforcing member 150 is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the third flange 141. Thus, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141 and the reinforcing member 150, the reinforcing member 150 can significantly improve the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200. On the other hand, the reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140, and the reinforcing member 150 can assist the cold plate 140 in providing stable support to the battery pack 110 to a certain extent.

[0186] In one embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 may be welded together.

[0187] Of course, in other embodiments, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 can also be connected by fasteners.

[0188] like Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, the reinforcing member 150 is a hollow tubular structure, and the reinforcing member 150 extends along the Y-axis direction. Further, the reinforcing member 150 can be a square tube.

[0189] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is designed as a hollow tubular structure, which not only ensures the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200, but also reduces the weight of the reinforcing member 150, which is beneficial to reducing the weight of the entire energy storage device.

[0190] like Figure 14 and Figure 21 As shown, the frame 300a is provided with a support rail 370 for supporting the energy storage module 10. The reinforcing member 150 has a slider 151 protruding on the side facing away from the battery pack 110. The slider 151 is used to slide with the support rail 370.

[0191] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is also provided with a slider 151, so that the reinforcing member 150 and the slider 151 in this embodiment are equivalent to the slide rail on the box with the "box body + box cover" encapsulation structure in the prior art. When the energy storage device of this embodiment is installed into the prefabricated compartment, the slider 151 can slide and cooperate with the support guide rail 370 in the prefabricated compartment, so that even if the box body is omitted, the energy storage device of this embodiment can be smoothly installed into the prefabricated compartment with the help of the slider 151.

[0192] like Figure 20 and Figure 21As shown, the side plate 200 is concave at one end face in the Z-axis direction and forms a plurality of positioning grooves 220, and the plurality of positioning grooves 220 are arranged at intervals in the Y-axis direction; the third flange 141 is convex at one side surface of the corresponding side plate 200 and forms a plurality of positioning protrusions 142, and the plurality of positioning protrusions 142 are respectively positioned in the plurality of positioning grooves 220.

[0193] In this embodiment, when the side plate 200 is assembled, the side plate 200 can be first attached to one side of the battery cell 100 in the X-axis direction, and then the side plate 200 is slid relative to the battery cell 100 from top to bottom in the Z-axis direction, and when the positioning groove 220 of the side plate 200 is positioned and matched with the positioning protrusion 142, it indicates that the side plate 200 has been installed in place in the Z-axis direction, and finally the third fastener T3 is assembled to fix and connect the side plate 200, the third flange 141 and the reinforcing member 150. Therefore, by providing the positioning groove 220 on the side plate 200 and the positioning protrusion 142 on the third flange 141, the positioning protrusion 142 is positioned and matched with the positioning groove 220, which plays a positioning role when the side plate 200 is installed, and improves the installation efficiency and installation accuracy of the side plate 200.

[0194] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one third fastener T3 is arranged between two adjacent positioning protrusions 142.

[0195] As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21 The reinforcing member 150 and the third flange 141 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fourth fasteners T4; the caps of the plurality of fourth fasteners T4 respectively form a plurality of positioning protrusions 142.

[0196] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 and the third flange 141 are not only connected by the third fastener T3, but also connected by the fourth fastener T4, and the cap of the fourth fastener T4 acts as the positioning protrusion 142, without the need to additionally provide other components to form the positioning protrusion 142, thereby simplifying the structure of the reinforcing member 150.

[0197] As shown in Figure 22 The end of the side plate 200 away from the positioning groove 220 is provided with a bending portion 250, and the bending portion 250 bends away from the battery cell 100 from the side plate 200.

[0198] In this embodiment, the upper end of the side plate 200 is provided with a bending portion 250, and the bending portion 250 bends away from the battery cell 100, which can avoid scratching the single battery 111 of the battery cell 100 by the upper end of the side plate 200.

[0199] In an embodiment, the bending part 250 comprises a circular arc structure 251. By designing the bending part 250 to comprise the circular arc structure 251, the surface of the bending part 250 can be made smoother, and the problem of the single battery 111 being scratched by the side plate 200 can be further avoided.

[0200] As Figure 23 shown, the application also provides a power supply system 6, comprising the power consuming device 5 and the energy storage device 1 of any one of the above, the energy storage device 1 supplies power to the power consuming device 5.

[0201] It can be understood that the various embodiments / embodiments provided by the application can be combined with each other without contradiction, which will not be illustrated one by one here.

[0202] In the embodiments of the application, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise explicitly limited. The terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "connecting" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected; "connected" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0203] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0204] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and is not used to limit the application. For those skilled in the art, the application can have various changes and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, include: The enclosure includes a frame, at least a portion of which constitutes an emission collection structure, the emission collection structure including a collection channel and a collection inlet communicating with the collection channel; as well as An energy storage module is disposed within the frame; the energy storage module includes a battery pack and a guide member with a guide channel. The guide member is fixed to one side of the battery pack. The guide member has a second through hole at one end near the collection inlet. The second through hole communicates with the guide channel and the collection inlet respectively. The guide channel is configured to guide the emissions ejected from the battery pack during thermal runaway into the collection channel through the second through hole and the collection inlet.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The emission collection structure also includes a discharge port connected to the collection channel.

3. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein, A one-way valve is provided at the discharge port or in the collection channel near the discharge port.

4. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein, The enclosure also includes a wall connected to the frame, and the wall has a first opening for gas to enter the enclosure. The first opening and the vent are located on different sides of the enclosure.

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein, The box wall is also provided with a second opening for the gas inside the box to be discharged. The first opening and the second opening are located on different sides of the box, and the vent is located on the same side of the box as the second opening.

6. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The emission collection structure includes a column, the column having a first hollow structure forming at least a portion of the collection channel, and the column having a collection inlet communicating with the first hollow structure.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, The emission collection structure also includes a bottom beam and a top beam, which are arranged side by side in the Z-axis direction, and the column is connected between the bottom beam and the top beam; The top beam has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure is connected to the second hollow structure, the second hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, the first hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, and the top beam is provided with a discharge port connected to the collection channel.

8. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, A sealing element is sandwiched between the side surface of the column where the collection inlet is located and the guide member. The sealing element has a through third through hole, which communicates with the second through hole and the collection inlet.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The guide includes a main body and an extension formed by bending one end of the main body near the column. The main body is located on one side of the battery pack. The extension extends from the main body along a first direction. The main body has a portion of the guide channel, and the extension has a portion of the guide channel. A second through hole is provided in the extension. The sealing member is sandwiched between the extension and the column. The first direction is the height direction or the width direction of the battery pack.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, The extension and the battery pack have an overlapping area on the orthographic projection of the first projection plane; wherein the first projection plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

11. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, The emission collection structure also includes a bottom beam connected to the column, the bottom beam having a third hollow structure, the third hollow structure being connected to the first hollow structure, and the third hollow structure forming a storage cavity.

12. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged side by side, each of the single batteries is provided with a pressure relief mechanism, the guide covers the pressure relief mechanism of each single battery, and the guide is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the position of each pressure relief mechanism, and the first through hole is in communication with the guide channel.

13. A power supply system characterized by comprising: The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-12 is used to supply power to an electrical device.

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