Spacer element for placement in slot of stator, assembly comprising spacer element, method for insulation and winding of slot, insulation system comprising spacer element and stator

Abstract

The invention relates to a spacer element (1a) for placement in at least one slot (2a) of a stator (300) of an electric machine, the slot (2a) being designed to receive a wire (8) and being laid with a first insulating paper (10) and a second insulating paper (11), the spacer element (1a) being placed on the second insulating paper (11), the distance D between the first contact point (15) and the second contact point (17) and the wire (8) is maximized. The invention also relates to an assembly (100) comprising a plurality of spacer elements (1a, 1n) and to a method for insulating and winding at least one slot (2a). The invention further relates to an insulation system (200) consisting of insulation paper (10, 11) and at least one spacer element (1a), and to a stator (300), the slots (2a, 2n) of which are equipped with spacer elements (1a).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a spacer element for placement in at least one slot of a stator of an electrical machine, wherein the slot is designed for receiving a wire and is laid with a first insulating paper and a second insulating paper, wherein the placement of the spacer element on the second insulating paper maximizes the distance D between a first point of contact and a second point of contact to the wire. The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a plurality of spacer elements and a method for the insulation and winding of at least one slot. Furthermore, the invention relates to an insulation system consisting of insulating paper and at least one spacer element and a stator whose slots are equipped with spacer elements. BACKGROUND

[0002] A stator is a component of numerous electrical devices, such as motors, generators or compressors. In the case of motors and generators, the stator usually also constitutes the housing; in the case of compressors, the stator is mostly configured as a vane ring. In any case, the main components of the stator include a stator core and a stator winding. Here, the stator core has a cylindrical base body with an outer wall. On the inner wall, protrusions and slots are arranged alternately, the slots being designed to be passed through by a wire. The slots here have a slot inner side and are configured with a substantially drop-like cross section. The slots are not closed here, but have a slot opening towards the inner wall.

[0003] For the purpose of insulation, the individual wires passing through the slots are usually coated in any way, for example with a lacquer layer. However, this insulation is not sufficient for the electrical and mechanical protection of the base body of the stator and the wires.

[0004] In the prior art, for the purpose of electrical and mechanical insulation of the wires from the base body of the stator, insulating paper is used. An example of this is disclosed in US 2018 / 0083496 A1.

[0005] US 2018 / 0083496 A1 shows an insulating paper made of a polymer material or cellulose, which is laid in each slot of the stator by having its edge sections rest on the respective adjacent protrusions. Furthermore, an insulating paper with a wedge-shaped cross section is shown, which is mounted inversely to the insulating paper for the slots in order to achieve a closure of the slot opening. In this way, the wires can be completely enclosed by an insulating and mechanical protective layer.

[0006] However, this close arrangement makes it difficult to set the required air distance and the creepage distance, which can lead to overvoltage problems.

[0007] The air distance, according to the standard definition, is the shortest distance between two electrically conductive parts; in the present case, the distance between the wire located in the slot and the protruding section of the adjacent protrusion constituting the slot opening.

[0008] The creepage distance generally refers to the shortest distance between two electrically conductive parts along the surface of an insulating material; in the present case, it refers in principle to the distance between the wire and the protruding section of the adjacent protrusion, through the insulating paper or through the air.

[0009] In addition, such systems are usually also configured in that a large number of insulating papers protrude at the planar upper and lower sides of the stator core in order to protect the wires exiting from the slots from damage by sharp edges. However, in the close arrangement, the insulating papers are still at risk of breaking during assembly.

[0010] Instead of wedge-shaped insulating papers, so-called "slot wedges" are also used in the current standard to close the slot openings. Although the slot wedges are more robust than the insulating papers, they require more installation space.

[0011] Therefore, there is a great need for an insulation for electric machines, in particular for motors, generators or compressors, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and avoids overvoltages due to a shortening of the air distance and the creepage distance. In particular, an improved insulation is needed which maximizes the air distance and the creepage distance and which can be produced here in large quantities and at low cost. SUMMARY

[0012] According to the invention, a spacer element for placement in at least one slot of a stator of an electric machine, in particular of a motor and / or of a generator and / or of a compressor, is proposed, wherein the at least one slot has a slot inner side and a slot opening. Here, the at least one slot is designed to receive at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires. For electrical insulation, the at least one slot is lined with a first insulating paper such that a lower side of the first insulating paper rests at the slot inner side and two insulating paper edges rest at the slot opening. A second insulating paper comprises a back part with a first resting point and a second resting point, wherein the back part transitions into a first leg at the first resting point and into a second leg at the second resting point. Here, the second insulating paper is arranged in the slot opening such that the back part closes the slot opening and the first resting point rests against the first insulating paper edge of the first insulating paper and the second resting point rests against the second insulating paper edge of the first insulating paper. The spacer element according to the invention is here placed on an upper side of the second insulating paper such that a distance D between the first resting point and / or the second resting point and the at least one wire, in particular the plurality of wires, is maximized.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one slot is essentially U-shaped and has a slot length L from the slot opening to the slot top. In a preferred configuration, the spacer element is placed in a plurality of slots of the motor stator, in particular in each slot, so that all slots are provided with improved insulation. Furthermore, it is preferred that a plurality of wires is provided in the at least one slot, in particular in all slots. In this configuration of the application, the distance D between the first and / or second contact point and the plurality of wires is determined in that the distance D is determined from the wire having the greatest distance E from the slot top of the at least one slot.

[0014] The first and second insulation paper used are each at least two-layer insulation paper, preferably at least three-layer insulation paper. Here, each insulation paper preferably comprises at least two protective layers and one insulation layer, which is surrounded by the two protective layers. The protective layers serve here to ensure mechanical strength and have high tensile strength, while the insulation layer serves to achieve electrical insulation and heat resistance.

[0015] In another embodiment, the insulation paper can also be subjected to an impregnation treatment, coated with an impregnation varnish or impregnated with a resin, embossed, or subjected to another surface treatment known to the person skilled in the art.

[0016] According to the application, the first insulation paper is fitted into the slot in such a way that the underside of the first insulation paper rests against the slot inside, wherein the insulation paper extends on the planar upper and lower side of the stator core in order to protect the at least one wire, in particular the plurality of wires, from damage by sharp edges. Here, the two insulation paper edges rest against the slot opening, i.e. the two edges essentially end exactly at the slot opening. If the protrusion of the stator core has a laterally protruding section, i.e. essentially a column with a plinth, according to the application the beginning of the slot opening is exactly at the transition of the lateral section to the column shape (see also the figures). According to the application, the second insulation paper comprises a back part which can be configured arched, curved, angular or in another shape conceivable to the person skilled in the art; in any case, the back part ends in a first contact point and the other side ends in a second contact point. From the first and second contact points, a first and a second leg respectively extend. According to the application, the second insulation paper is placed in the slot opposite the first insulation paper, so that the back part of the second insulation paper closes the slot opening. Here, the first and second leg are each placed on the first insulation paper, and the first contact point rests against the first insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper, while the second contact point rests against the second insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper.

[0017] In a further alternative embodiment, the first and the second insulation paper can be part of one integral insulation paper, wherein this preferably has a pre-shaped geometry, on the one hand, which fits into the slot and, on the other hand, which has a first and a second contact point at the slot opening.

[0018] The spacing element according to the application can be used, on the one hand, together with the first and the second insulation paper in a machine which has not yet been provided with any insulation. On the other hand, the spacing element according to the application can also be used as an additional element for improving the insulation in the case of an already existing insulation, i.e. in the case of an already existing first and second insulation paper.

[0019] In a suitable embodiment, however, the spacing element according to the application does not require any additional manufacturing, but can comprise or represent an already existing shaping tool and / or a stamping tool. In this case, the spacing element usually comprises or consists of steel. The sections of the wire which protrude beyond the upper and lower side of the stator core plane still have to be shaped when the wire is inserted into the slot, and for this purpose a shaping tool and / or a stamping tool is usually used in the prior art. According to the application, these tools do not have to be removed after assembly, but are retained in the slot as spacing elements. This saves additional material and time expenditure, since no additional insertion step is required. In a further alternative embodiment, the spacing element according to the application is a positioning element which is manufactured for the above-mentioned purpose. In this case, the positioning element can comprise a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic, in a suitable embodiment, for example, made of a polyester resin or an epoxy resin. In this case, materials having a CTI value according to IEC 60122 of > 175 V and which at least belong to the class IIIa insulation material according to EN 50124 are well suited. Preference is given to materials having a CTI value according to IEC 60122 of > 400 V. The person skilled in the art knows that the CTI value according to IEC 60112 (English: Comparative Tracking Index) refers to the tracking resistance of a material, wherein the person skilled in the art is also familiar with alternative ways of expressing the tracking resistance by means of the PLC groups (English: Performance Level Categories) or the PTI value (English: Proof Tracking Index) according to UL 746 or the insulation material groups according to EN 50124.

[0020] Both variants, i.e. the spacing element being configured as a shaping tool and / or a stamping tool or as a special positioning element, have the advantage that the spacing element can be installed precisely fitting in the respective slot.

[0021] In a suitable configuration, at least one slot is arranged adjacent to two protrusions, wherein the protrusions each have a lateral protruding section which configures the slot opening. Here, a creepage distance exists between the lateral protruding section and the at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires. By means of the spacing element according to the application, the distance D is at least 25% of the creepage distance, in particular preferably at least 50%.

[0022] According to the application, a combination is also proposed, which comprises at least two spacing elements according to the application. In a preferred embodiment, the combination according to the application comprises a plurality of spacing elements, wherein the number of spacing elements on the combination is particularly preferably identical to the number of slots in the stator core. In a particularly suitable embodiment, the combination is configured as a ring, on which the spacing elements are configured in a protruding manner. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the combination to be configured as a ring segment with protruding spacing elements, wherein the individual ring segments can be joined together here such that the ring segments are configured as a circle, so that all slots are provided with a spacing element according to the application.

[0023] Furthermore, according to the application, a method for the insulation and winding of at least one slot, in particular a plurality of slots, particularly preferably all slots, of a stator of an electrical machine, in particular a motor and / or generator and / or compressor, is proposed, which comprises the following steps:

[0024] i) laying the at least one slot, in particular a plurality of slots, particularly preferably all slots, with a first insulation paper, with the lower side of the first insulation paper lying against the slot inner side and the two insulation paper edges lying against the slot opening;

[0025] ii) winding the at least one slot, in particular all slots, with at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires;

[0026] iii) closing the at least one slot, in particular all slots, with a second insulation paper, wherein the back part of the second insulation paper closes the slot opening and the first lying point lies against the first insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper and the second lying point lies against the second insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper;

[0027] iv) placing a spacing element, in particular a spacing element according to the application, in the at least one slot, in particular a spacing element in each slot and / or a combination, in particular a combination according to the application, in each slot, so that the distance D between the first lying point and / or the second lying point and the at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires (8a, 8n), is maximised.

[0028] The method according to the application can be implemented here by hand, but is preferably carried out mechanically. The insulation paper, which is usually supplied in the form of a web, is preferably first cut to size, pre-shaped and folded into so-called "insulation sleeves". These insulation sleeves are loaded into the slots here. In a suitable mechanical method according to the application, steps ii) and iii) can also be carried out simultaneously, i.e. the second insulation paper can be loaded into the slots in synchronism with the wire. When the wire sections protruding beyond the upper and lower side of the stator core have been shaped, the spacing element according to the application in the form of a positioning element can be installed.

[0029] Furthermore, according to the application, an insulation system is proposed, which comprises at least one first insulation paper, a second insulation paper and at least one spacing element according to the application, in particular a plurality of insulation papers and a plurality of spacing elements, or a combination according to the application.

[0030] According to the application, the use of at least one spacing element according to the application, in particular a plurality of spacing elements, or a combination according to the application, or an insulation system according to the application, for the insulation of at least one slot, in particular a plurality of slots, particularly preferably all slots, of a stator of an electrical machine, in particular a motor and / or generator and / or compressor, is proposed.

[0031] Furthermore, the application proposes a stator of an electrical machine, in particular a motor and / or generator and / or compressor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, wherein the stator core in turn comprises a cylindrical base body with an outer wall and an inner wall, wherein the inner wall has, in alternation, a protrusion and a slot. Here, the slot has a slot inner side and a slot opening, wherein the slot is designed and configured to receive at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires. The slot is here lined with the first insulation paper described above, with the lower side of the first insulation paper lying against the slot inner side and both insulation paper edges lying against the slot opening. Furthermore, the second insulation paper described above, comprising a back part which transitions into the first leg at a first lying point and into the second leg at a second lying point, is placed in the slot opening opposite the first insulation paper, with the back part closing the slot opening and the first lying point lying against the first insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper and the second lying point lying against the second insulation paper edge of the first insulation paper. The legs of the second insulation paper are here preferably placed on the first insulation paper, thereby forming a fully wrapped insulation. Furthermore, a spacing element, in particular a spacing element according to the application, or a combination, in particular a combination according to the application, is placed on the upper side of the second insulation paper, such that the distance D between the first lying point and / or the second lying point and the at least one wire, in particular a plurality of wires, is maximised.

[0032] All features discussed above for the spacing element and the insulation system, both individually and in combination, can be implemented in the stator according to the application.

[0033] Advantages of the application

[0034] By means of the spacing element according to the application for placement in at least one slot of a stator of an electrical machine, which slot is designed for receiving wire, it is possible to achieve in such a close arrangement: the air distance and the creepage distance can be extended, thus avoiding the risk of overvoltage.

[0035] Furthermore, by using the spacing element according to the application, the movement space of the individual wires can be substantially limited, thus avoiding contact of the wires with the protrusion.

[0036] In the case of using a shaped tool and / or a stamping tool that has already been manufactured and put into use as a spacing element according to the application, no costs are incurred at all, since there is no additional production. In this case, too, the time for additional insertion of the spacing element by a separate step is saved. In addition, the positioning element as a further embodiment of the spacing element according to the application can also be produced at low cost and in large quantities, especially in the case of a combination according to the application with a plurality of spacing elements. In mass production, the spacing elements can also be reused if they are only part of the stamping process and are not left in the stator core.

[0037] Here, the spacing element according to the application can be used both together with the first and second insulation paper in the electrical machine and as an additional element for improving an existing insulation.

[0038] By means of the spacing element according to the application, it is also possible to achieve a reduction in the overhanging length of the insulation paper at the planar upper and lower sides of the stator core. On the one hand, this reduces the probability of the insulation paper breaking during assembly; on the other hand, it is thereby possible to achieve that, in the construction of the electrical machine, in particular of a turbomachine, the radial bearing can be constructed closer to the stator core, i.e. a smaller bearing spacing can be achieved. By means of this arrangement, a higher rotational speed operation of the electrical machine is possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The embodiments of the application are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and the subsequent description.

[0040] which shows:

[0041] Fig. 1 shows a schematic top view of a stator core and a slot after laying of the wire according to the prior art;

[0042] Figure 2 schematic top view and side view of a spacing element according to the application, constructed as a shaped tool and / or a stamping tool;

[0043] Figure 3 schematic top view and side view of a spacing element according to the application, constructed as a positioning element;

[0044] Figure 4 According to Figure 3 schematic cross-sectional view of a spacer element according to the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In the following description of embodiments of the application, identical or similar elements are provided with the same reference signs, where, in some cases, these elements are no longer repeatedly explained. The drawings merely schematically show the subject matter of the application.

[0046] The right-hand side of Figure 1 shows a stator core 302 of a stator 300, which stator core generally has a cylindrical base body 306, which is provided with an outer wall 308 and an inner wall 310. In the enlarged view A on the left-hand side, individual slots 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and protrusions 312a, 312b, 312c are alternately visible. In the embodiment shown, the protrusions 312a, 312b, 312c have a cylindrical shape, which at the inner wall 310 of the stator core 302 opens into a pillar foot, so that the protrusions 312a, 312b, 312c have a laterally protruding section, which here, for the sake of clarity, is illustrated by way of example with the laterally protruding sections 314a and 314b. The slots 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are here configured in the shape of a water droplet and open into slot openings 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, respectively. The slots 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are also laid with a first insulating paper 10, which here is illustrated by way of example with the slot 2b. Furthermore, wire rods 8a, 8b, 8c are passed through the slots 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, where, again for the sake of clarity, only the slot 2b is illustrated here and only the wire rods 8a, 8b, 8c are designated. A second insulating paper 11 is inserted into the slots 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d via the path C, which here is also illustrated by way of example with the slot 2b. As can be seen in the enlarged view B, the second insulating paper 11 here comprises a back part 13 and a first leg 26 and a second leg 28, which, after insertion into the slot 2d, lie against the first insulating paper 10.

[0047] Figure 2 The upper figure shows the slots 2a, 2b, 2c, which have already been shown in Figure 1 in an enlarged view, in which, by way of example with the slot 2b, the inserted wire rods 8a, 8b, 8c and the placed spacer element 1 according to the application, which is configured as a forming tool and / or a stamping tool 20, are illustrated. For the sake of clarity, the second insulating paper 11 is not shown, but according to the application, this is actually present. Figure 2 The lower figure of Figure 2 is Figure 2 a side view of the upper figure of Figure 2 (viewed from the position B).

[0048] Here, the slots 2a, 2b, 2c (here only the slot 2b is shown) are laid with a first insulation paper 10, the underside 12 of which lies against the slot inner side 4b (not shown, but the slot inner sides 4a and 4c are shown), and the two insulation paper edges 14, 16 lie at the slot opening 6b. A second insulation paper 11 (not shown) is placed such that a first lying point 15 lies against the first insulation paper edge 14 of the first insulation paper 10, and a second lying point 17 lies against the second insulation paper edge 16 of the first insulation paper, wherein the two lying points 15 and 17 have been designated and, according to the application, are part of the second insulation paper 11.

[0049] The spacing element 1a here is configured as a forming tool and / or a stamping tool 20 and is placed such that the distance D from the first lying point 15 and / or the second lying point 17 to the wire 8a, 8b, 8c is maximized, wherein here the distance to the wire 8a is determined which has the greatest distance E to the slot top 24 of the slot 2b. Here, the slots 2a, 2b, 2c essentially have a length L from the slot top 24 to the respective slot opening 6a, 6b, 6c.

[0050] Figure 3 As in the preceding Figure 2 The embodiment differs in that the spacing element 1a according to the application is configured as a positioning element 22. In the shown variant, this positioning element is significantly shorter than the forming tool and / or the stamping tool 20 according to the Figure 2 and does not protrude beyond the edge of the first insulation paper 10.

[0051] Figure 4 Again, a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 is shown. By way of example of the slot 2a, the slot 2a is laid with a first insulation paper 10 such that the underside 12 of the first insulation paper 10 lies at the slot inner side 4a, and the two insulation paper edges 14, 16 lie at the slot opening 6a such that they extend to the lateral protruding sections 314a, 314b of the lugs 312a, 312b. A second insulation paper 11 comprises a back part 13 which transitions into the first leg 26 at the first lying point 15 and into the second leg 28 at the second lying point 17, and which is arranged in the slot opening 6a opposite the first insulation paper 10 such that the back part 13 closes the slot opening 6a. Here, the first lying point 15 lies at the first insulation paper edge 14 of the first insulation paper 10, and the second lying point 17 lies at the second insulation paper edge 16 of the first insulation paper.

[0052] The spacer element 1a according to the application is placed at the upper side 18 of the second insulation paper 11 such that the distance D between the first and / or second contact point 15, 17 to the wire 8a, 8b, 8c is maximized. In this case, the distance D is determined from the wire 8a, since this has the greatest distance E (indicated) from the slot top 24 (not shown here).

[0053] The application is not restricted to the embodiments described here and the aspects emphasized therein. Rather, a person skilled in the art can make various modifications within the scope of the claims given below, which all come within the scope of the technical possibilities of the art.

Claims

1. Spacing element (la) for placement in at least one slot (2a) of a stator (300) of an electrical machine, in particular of a motor and / or generator and / or compressor, wherein the at least one slot (2a) having a slot inner side (4a) and a slot opening (6a); wherein the at least one slot (2a) is designed for receiving at least one wire (8a), in particular a plurality of wires (8a, 8n); wherein the at least one slot (2a) is laid with a first insulation paper (10) such that a lower side (12) of the first insulation paper (10) is lying against the slot inner side (4a) and two insulation paper edges (14, 16) are lying against the slot opening (6a); wherein a second insulation paper (11) comprises a back part (13) which transitions into a first leg (26) at a first lying point (15) and into a second leg (28) at a second lying point (17), the second insulation paper being arranged in the slot opening (6a) such that the back part (13) closes the slot opening (6a) and the first lying point (15) is lying against a first insulation paper edge (14) of the first insulation paper (10) and the second lying point (17) is lying against a second insulation paper edge (16) of the first insulation paper; wherein the spacing element (la) is arranged to be placed on an upper side (18) of the second insulation paper (11) such that a distance D between the first lying point (15) and / or the second lying point (17) and the at least one wire (8a), in particular the plurality of wires (8a, 8n), is maximized.

2. Spacing element (la) according to claim 1, wherein the spacing element (la) comprising or representing a forming tool and / or a stamping tool (20).

3. Spacing element (la) according to claim 1, wherein the spacing element (la) comprising or representing a positioning element (22).

4. Spacing element (la) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein, the spacing element (la) comprising steel or a thermoplastic and / or thermoset plastic with a CTI value according to IEC 60122 of > 175 V.

5. Spacing element (la) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one slot (2a) being arranged adjacent to two protrusions (312a, 312b), wherein the protrusions (312a, 312b) each have a laterally protruding section (314a, 314b) which constitutes the slot opening (6a), wherein a creepage distance exists between the laterally protruding sections (314a, 314b) and the at least one wire (8a), in particular the plurality of wires (8a, 8n), wherein the distance D is at least 25%, in particular at least 50%, of the creepage distance.

6. Spacing element (la) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one slot (2a) being essentially U-shaped and having a length L from a slot top (24) to the slot opening (6a); wherein, in the presence of a plurality of wires (8a, 8n), the distance D of the first contact point (15) and / or the second contact point (17) to the plurality of wires (8a, 8n) is determined in that the distance is determined from the wire (8a) having the greatest distance E to the slot top (24) of the at least one slot (2a).

7. Assembly (100) comprising at least two spacer elements (1a, 1b) according to at least one of the preceding claims, in particular comprising a plurality of spacer elements (1a, 1n), particularly preferably wherein, The number of spacer elements (1a, 1n) corresponds to the number of slots (2a, 2n).

8. A method for the insulation and the winding of at least one slot (2a), in particular of a plurality of slots (2a, 2n), of a stator (300) of an electrical machine, in particular of a motor and / or of a generator and / or of a compressor, comprising the following steps: i) laying the at least one slot (2a), in particular the plurality of slots (2a, 2n), with a first insulation paper (10) such that the lower side (12) of the first insulation paper (10) is in contact at the slot inner side (4a) and both insulation paper edges (14, 16) are in contact at the slot opening (6a); ii) winding the at least one slot (2a), in particular all slots (2a, 2n), with at least one wire (8a), in particular with a plurality of wires (8a, 8n); iii) closing the at least one slot (2a), in particular all slots (2a, 2n), with a second insulation paper (11), wherein the back part (13) of the second insulation paper (11) closes the slot opening (6a) and the first contact point (15) is in contact at the first insulation paper edge (14) of the first insulation paper (10) and the second contact point (17) is in contact at the second insulation paper edge (16) of the first insulation paper; iv) placing a spacer element (1a), in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, in the at least one slot (2a), in particular a spacer element (1a, 1n) in each slot (2a, 2n), and / or placing a combination (100), in particular according to claim 7, in each slot (2a, 2n), such that the distance D of the first contact point (15) and / or the second contact point (17) to the at least one wire (8a), in particular to the plurality of wires (8a, 8n), is maximized.

9. An insulation system (200) comprising at least one first insulation paper (10), a second insulation paper (11) and at least one spacer element (1a) according to any one of claims 1 to 6; in particular comprising a plurality of insulation papers (10, 11) and a plurality of spacer elements (1a, 1n), or comprising a combination (100) according to claim 7.

10. Use of at least one spacer element (la) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in particular of a plurality of spacer elements (la, ln) or of an assembly (100) according to claim 7, or of an insulation system (200) according to claim 9, for the insulation of at least one slot (2a), in particular of a plurality of slots (2a, 2n-1), in particular of all slots (2a, 2n) of a stator (300) of an electrical machine, in particular of a motor and / or of a generator and / or of a compressor.

11. A stator (300) of an electrical machine, in particular of a motor and / or of a generator and / or of a compressor, comprising a stator core (302) and a stator winding (304); wherein the stator core (302) comprising a cylindrical base body (306) with an outer wall (308) and an inner wall (310), wherein the inner wall (310) alternately has protrusions (312a, 312n) and slots (2a, 2n); wherein the slots (2a, 2n) each have a slot inner side (4a, 4n) and a slot opening (6a, 6n); wherein the slots (2a, 2n) are designed and configured to receive at least one wire (8a), in particular a plurality of wires (8a, 8n); wherein the slots (2a, 2n) are laid with a first insulation paper (10), and a lower side (12) of the first insulation paper (10) is resting at the slot inner side (4a, 4n), and two insulation paper edges (14, 16) are resting at the slot opening (6a, 6n); wherein a second insulation paper (11) comprises a back part (13) which transitions into a first leg (26) at a first resting point (15) and into a second leg (28) at a second resting point (17), the second insulation paper being arranged in the slot opening (6a) such that the back part (13) closes the slot opening (6a), while the first resting point (15) rests at the first insulation paper edge (14) of the first insulation paper (10) and the second resting point (17) rests at the second insulation paper edge (16) of the first insulation paper; wherein a spacer element (la), in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or an assembly (100), in particular according to claim 7, is arranged to rest on an upper side (18) of the second insulation paper (11) such that a distance D between the first resting point (15) and / or the second resting point (17) and the at least one wire (8a), in particular a plurality of wires (8a, 8n), is maximized.

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