Bile duct biopsy sampling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bile duct sampling, and discloses a bile duct biopsy sampling device which comprises a shell and a catheter, the interior of the shell is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, the outer wall of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with scissor arms, the two scissor arms are symmetrically arranged, the top ends of the scissor arms penetrate through the shell and are fixedly connected with spoon petals, and the spoon petals penetrate through the shell. The bottom ends of the scissor arms are fixedly connected with connecting rings, the connecting rings are connected with a driving mechanism, and a spring is fixedly connected between the two connecting rings. Two groups of symmetrical spoon petals are arranged, the spoon petals are spoon-shaped and can rotate and fold around a rotating shaft, samples can be clamped, the samples can be stored on the inner walls of the spoon petals, the spoon petals are folded after sampling to avoid leakage or pollution of the samples, a driving mechanism is connected with a connecting ring through a first inhaul cable, the first inhaul cable is pulled to drive a scissor arm to rotate and fold, and after the first inhaul cable is loosened, the scissor arm is driven to rotate and fold. And the spring rebounds to open the scissor arms, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bile duct sampling technology, specifically to a bile duct biopsy sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Accurate diagnosis of bile duct lesions is crucial in the clinical treatment of hepatobiliary diseases. As a key channel for bile transport, the health of the bile ducts directly affects the function of the liver and the entire digestive system. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as imaging examinations (ultrasound, CT, MRI, etc.), while providing information on the morphology and structure of the bile ducts, often fail to provide a definitive diagnosis for some early, minute lesions or lesions of unknown nature. Bile duct biopsy, by obtaining samples of diseased tissue for pathological examination, allows direct observation of cell morphology, structure, and arrangement, clarifying the nature of the lesion and serving as the standard for diagnosing bile duct diseases, especially malignant diseases such as bile duct cancer. However, existing sampling tools and techniques have many limitations and cannot meet the growing clinical demand for precise diagnosis.

[0003] Most traditional sampling devices lack effective sample sealing structures in their sampling components (such as forceps and curettes), leaving samples exposed to the external environment. During the withdrawal process from the bile duct after sampling, samples are easily contaminated by bile, blood, and other bodily fluids. Furthermore, design flaws in the device can cause samples to fall out or be damaged during retrieval, leading to sampling failure. This not only affects the results of pathological examinations but may also cause complications such as obstruction and infection within the bile duct due to detached tissue samples, increasing the patient's pain and risks associated with repeat sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a bile duct biopsy sampling device that solves the problem that most traditional devices lack an effective sample sealing structure, leaving the sample exposed to the external environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bile duct biopsy sampling device, comprising a housing and a catheter, wherein a rotating shaft is fixedly connected inside the housing, and a scissor arm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, two sets of scissor arms are symmetrically arranged, the top end of the scissor arm passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to a spoon, the bottom end of the scissor arm is fixedly connected to a connecting ring, the connecting ring is connected to a driving mechanism, and a spring is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting rings.

[0006] The above-described design incorporates a rotating shaft inside the outer casing, allowing two symmetrical sets of scissor arms to rotate around it. The top of each scissor arm is connected to a spoon-shaped flap, and the bottom connecting ring is linked to a drive mechanism. A spring is installed between the two connecting rings. In use, the device is inserted into the bile duct to the sampling position, and the scissor arms rotate and close the spoon-shaped flaps. The two symmetrical spoon-shaped flaps effectively grasp the sample and retain it on the inner wall. After sampling, the flaps close to prevent sample leakage and contamination, ensuring the integrity and purity of the sample and providing a reliable basis for subsequent accurate pathological analysis. Furthermore, its simple structure facilitates operation and manufacturing.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a connecting buckle, which is fixedly connected to a connecting ring. A pull cable is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting buckle, and the pull cable passes through the outer shell and is slidably connected to the outer shell.

[0008] Preferably, the outer walls of both sides of the spoon petals are fixedly connected with cutting edge strips, the cutting edge strips are located between the two sides of the spoon petals, and the shearing edges of the two sides of the cutting edge strips are misaligned and fitted together.

[0009] Preferably, the inner walls of both sides of the outer shell are rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft, the outer wall of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a side plate, and the outer wall of the side plate away from the second rotating shaft is fixedly provided with scraping teeth.

[0010] Preferably, one end of a top rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the two scissor arms, and the other end of the top rod is fixedly connected to a top ball, which can fit against the outer wall of the side plate.

[0011] Preferably, one end of a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the side plate, the torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the second rotating shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0012] Preferably, a collection box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell, the opening of the collection box is located near the side plate, and a bottom cover is provided on the lower surface of the outer shell, the bottom cover being connected to the bottom of the collection box.

[0013] Preferably, a bending shaft is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit, and the upper surface of the bending shaft is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell.

[0014] Preferably, at least one set of pull cables is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing, the pull cables passing through the conduit and being slidably connected to the pull cables.

[0015] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit, the guide plate is sleeved on the outside of the bending shaft, and the guide plate is trumpet-shaped.

[0016] Working Principle: In use, the entire device is first inserted into the bile duct through a catheter. The upper surface of the catheter is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer casing via a flexible bending shaft. At least one set of pull cables (II) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer casing, passing through the catheter and slidingly connected to it. Four sets of pull cables (II) can be provided, corresponding to four directions. When it is necessary to adjust the device's forward direction or position the sampling point, pulling a pull cable (II) in a certain direction will cause the bending shaft to bend in that direction, thereby causing the upper outer casing to swing, bringing the outer casing closer to the appropriate sampling point and adapting to the curved bile duct, making operation more flexible. Simultaneously, a guide plate fixedly connected to the upper surface of the catheter, sleeved on the outside of the bending shaft, is flared to guide and limit the bending shape of the shaft, preventing excessive bending and breakage, and extending the service life of the bending shaft.

[0017] Once the device reaches the sampling position, there are two sampling methods. The first is spoon-shaped sampling: a drive mechanism controls the movement of the scissor arm. Its connecting buckle is fixedly connected to the connecting ring, and a pull cable is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting buckle and slides through the outer shell. Pulling the pull cable causes the connecting ring to swing via the connecting buckle, which in turn causes the scissor arm to rotate around the pivot and close, causing the spoon-shaped parts fixed at the top to close, gripping the sample and storing it on the inner wall. The cutting edges of the outer walls of the two spoon-shaped parts are staggered and fitted together. In one embodiment, these edges are located on the top and left / right sides, allowing simultaneous cutting of samples in three directions. After sampling, the scissor arms close to prevent sample leakage or contamination. After releasing the pull cable, the spring rebounds and opens the scissor arm; the spring can be bent into an arc shape to avoid interference. The second method is side-plate scraping sampling: side plates are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the pivot on both sides of the outer shell. The outer walls of the side plates have scraping teeth, and their lower surfaces are connected to the inner walls of the outer shell via torsion springs. The push rods on the outer walls of the two scissor arms drive the top ball to open the side plate, rotate the outer shell, and scrape off the sample with the scraping teeth. At the same time, the surface and deep samples are scraped off. When the scissor arms close, the torsion spring rebounds and closes the side plate.

[0018] A collection bin is located near the side panel, with its opening close to the side panel. When the side panel scrapes the sample, a rotating device pushes the sample into the collection bin, protecting it. A bottom cover is located on the lower surface of both the outer casing and the collection bin, and the bottom cover can be threaded on. To remove the sample from the collection bin, simply open the bottom cover.

[0019] This invention provides a bile duct biopsy sampling device. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This invention features two sets of symmetrical spoon-shaped segments that can rotate and close around a pivot, allowing for sample gripping and preservation within the inner wall of the segments. After sampling, the segments close to prevent leakage or contamination. The drive mechanism is connected to a connecting ring via a cable; pulling the cable rotates and closes the scissor arms, while releasing the cable causes a spring to return and open the arms. The design is simple and easy to operate. Cutting strips are provided on the outer wall of the spoon segments, with the cutting edges of the two sides staggered and fitted together. This allows for cutting when gripping samples. If these strips are positioned on the top and left / right sides, samples can be cut simultaneously in three directions, ensuring optimal cutting results.

[0021] 2. This invention uses a push rod and a push ball to open the side plate. When the scissor arm opens, it drives the push rod to slide, causing the push ball to press against the side plate and rotate to open. No separate drive is required, simplifying operation and structure. Furthermore, a torsion spring ensures that the side plate is closed. When the scissor arm closes, the push ball disengages from the side plate, and the torsion spring rebounds to close the side plate. Rotatable side plates are provided on both sides of the outer shell. The outer wall of the side plate has scraping teeth, which can extend out of the outer shell to scrape off the sample when rotated, providing another sampling method. It can scrape both surface and deep samples at the same time. Reverse rotation can retract the side plate into the outer shell.

[0022] 3. The present invention connects the conduit to the outer shell via a flexible bending shaft. It is equipped with a second pull cable. Pulling the second pull cable in different directions can cause the bending shaft to bend in that direction, causing the outer shell to swing. This can change the forward direction to adapt to the bending of the bile tube and also position the sampling location, making it more flexible to use. At the same time, the guide plate can guide and limit the bending shape of the bending shaft, avoid excessive bending, and improve service life. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the cutting edge strip of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the material collection box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the bottom cover of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0029] The components are as follows: 1. Outer shell; 2. Conduit; 3. Scissor arm; 4. Connecting ring; 5. Spoon flap; 6. Spring; 7. Drive mechanism; 701. Connecting buckle; 702. Cable one; 8. Cutting strip; 9. Rotating shaft two; 10. Side plate; 11. Top rod; 12. Top ball; 13. Torsion spring; 14. Collection box; 15. Bottom cover; 16. Bending shaft; 17. Guide plate; 18. Cable two; 19. Rotating shaft one. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 This invention provides a bile duct biopsy sampling device, including a housing 1 and a catheter 2. A rotating shaft 19 is fixedly connected inside the housing 1. A scissor arm 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 19. Two sets of scissor arms 3 are symmetrically arranged. The top of the scissor arm 3 passes through the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to a spoon 5. A connecting ring 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the scissor arm 3. A driving mechanism 7 is connected to the connecting ring 4. A spring 6 is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting rings 4.

[0032] Specifically, in this application, for bile duct biopsy sampling, the device is inserted into the bile duct and, after reaching the sampling position, is used to take a sample through the spoon flap 5. This application has two sets of spoon flaps 5 symmetrically arranged, and each set of spoon flaps 5 is fixedly connected to a scissor arm 3. The scissor arm 3 can rotate around the rotating shaft 19. When the connecting ring 4 is rotated, the scissor arm 3 drives the spoon flaps 5 to rotate, closing the two spoon flaps 5 together. The spoon flaps 5 are spoon-shaped, which can grasp the sample while keeping the sample on the inner wall of the spoon flaps 5. After sampling, the two spoon flaps 5 are closed to avoid sample leakage or contamination, and the structure is simple.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 4 The drive mechanism 7 includes a connecting buckle 701, which is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 4. A pull cable 702 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting buckle 701, and the pull cable 702 passes through the outer shell 1 and is slidably connected to the outer shell 1.

[0034] Specifically, the drive mechanism 7 is used to control the scissor arm 3. The pull cable 702 is connected to the connecting ring 4 through the connecting buckle 701. When the pull cable 702 is pulled, the connecting ring 4 is driven to swing through the connecting buckle 701, which drives the scissor arm 3 to rotate and merge. The two ends of the spring 6 are respectively connected to the connecting rings 4 on both sides. When the pull cable 702 is released, the spring 6 rebounds and can open the scissor arm 3. In one embodiment, the spring 6 can be bent at a certain angle, i.e., it is arc-shaped, to avoid motion interference with the scissor arm 3.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 2 Both sides of the spoon petal 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cutting edge strip 8, which is located between the two sides of the spoon petal 5. The cutting edges of the two sides of the cutting edge strip 8 are misaligned and attached.

[0036] Specifically, this application can cut samples when the spoon 5 is gripping them, that is, cut strips 8 are fixed on the edges of the two spoon 5. The cut strips 8 can be set around the edge of the spoon 5. In one embodiment, the cut strips 8 are set on the top edge and the left and right sides, which can cut samples in three directions at the same time. The staggered fit of the cutting edges of the two cutting strips 8 can ensure the cutting effect.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 4 Both sides of the outer shell 1 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the rotating shaft 2 9, and the outer walls of the rotating shaft 2 9 are fixedly connected to the side plates 10. The outer walls of the side plates 10 away from the rotating shaft 2 9 are fixedly provided with scraping teeth.

[0038] Specifically, a second rotating shaft 9 is provided on both sides of the outer shell 1. The second rotating shaft 9 supports the rotation of the side plate 10. Both sides of the side plate 10 are arranged in the same direction of rotation. When the side plate 10 rotates, it can extend out of the outer side of the outer shell 1. At this time, rotating the entire outer shell 1 can scrape off the sample through the side plate 10, providing another sampling method. When the side plate 10 rotates in the opposite direction, it can merge with the outer shell 1, that is, retract into the inner side of the outer shell 1. Scraping teeth are provided on the outer wall of the side plate 10, which can improve the scraping effect and can scrape both surface and deep samples at the same time.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 4 Both sides of the scissor arms 3 are fixedly connected to one end of the top rod 11, and the other end of the top rod 11 is fixedly connected to the top ball 12, which can fit against the outer wall of the side plate 10.

[0040] Specifically, this application uses the top ball 12 to open the side plate 10. When the scissor arm 3 opens, it simultaneously drives the top rod 11 to slide. The top rod 11 passes through the collection box 14 and is fixedly connected to the top ball 12. When the top rod 11 drives the top ball 12 to slide outward, it can push the side plate 10 to rotate outward and open for sampling. No separate drive is required, which simplifies the operation and structure.

[0041] Please see the appendix Figure 4 One end of a torsion spring 13 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the side plate 10. The torsion spring 13 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 9, and the other end of the torsion spring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 1.

[0042] Specifically, this application uses a torsion spring 13 to ensure the closure of the side plate 10. That is, when the side plate 10 is opened, the torsion spring 13 twists. When the scissor arm 3 closes, the push rod 11 drives the push ball 12 to disengage from the side plate 10. At this time, the torsion spring 13 rebounds and drives the side plate 10 to rotate and close.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 5 The inner wall of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to a material collection box 14. The opening of the material collection box 14 is located near the side plate 10. The lower surface of the outer shell 1 is provided with a bottom cover 15, which is connected to the bottom of the material collection box 14.

[0044] Specifically, a collection box 14 is provided near the side plate 10. The collection box 14 is used to store the sample scraped by the side plate 10. When the device rotates, that is, when the side plate 10 scrapes, the sample can be pushed into the collection box 14, which can also protect the sample. A bottom cover 15 is provided on the lower surface of the outer shell 1 and the collection box 14. The bottom cover 15 can be connected by threads. When it is necessary to take out the sample inside the collection box 14, the bottom cover 15 can be opened.

[0045] Please see the appendix Figure 6 A bending shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit 2, and the upper surface of the bending shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell 1; at least one set of pull cables 18 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell 1, and the pull cables 18 pass through the conduit 2 and are slidably connected to the pull cables 18.

[0046] Specifically, in this application, the outer shell 1 is located at the front end of the entire device. The outer shell 1 and the conduit 2 on the rear side are connected by a bending shaft 16. The bending shaft 16 is elastic and can be bent. In one embodiment, four sets of pull cables 18 are provided, corresponding to four directions respectively. When one pull cable 18 is pulled, the bending shaft 16 can bend in that direction, thereby causing the upper outer shell 1 to swing and adjust the direction of the outer shell 1. This can change the direction of advance to adapt to the curved bile duct; it can also be used to locate the sampling position, making it easier to bring the outer shell 1 close to the appropriate sampling point, making it more flexible to use.

[0047] Please see the appendix Figure 6 A guide plate 17 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit 2. The guide plate 17 is sleeved on the outside of the bending shaft 16 and is trumpet-shaped.

[0048] Specifically, in order to ensure a reasonable degree of bending of the bending shaft 16, a guide plate 17 is added to the outside of the bending shaft 16. Since the guide plate 17 is flared, it can guide and interfere with the bending shape of the bending shaft 16, avoid excessive bending of the bending shaft 16 and damage, thereby improving the service life of the bending shaft 16.

[0049] It should be noted that in this application, both cables pass through the conduit 2 and are slidably connected to it, and cable 702 passes through the bending shaft 16. This application does not emphasize the self-locking of the cables. Depending on the specific application, it may be necessary to consider adding a locking structure. In some sampling processes, the operator can keep the cable in a pulling state. Alternatively, a worm gear or ratchet pawl can be added to the end of the conduit 2 for locking. The locking method of the cables can be solved by conventional means and is not described in detail in this application.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bile duct biopsy sampling device, comprising a housing (1) and a catheter (2), characterized in that, The inner part of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (19), and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (19) is rotatably connected to a scissor arm (3). The two sets of scissor arms (3) are symmetrically arranged. The top of the scissor arm (3) passes through the outer shell (1) and is fixedly connected to a spoon (5). The bottom end of the scissor arm (3) is fixedly connected to a connecting ring (4). The connecting ring (4) is connected to a driving mechanism (7). A spring (6) is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting rings (4).

2. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (7) includes a connecting buckle (701), which is fixedly connected to the connecting ring (4). A pull cable (702) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting buckle (701), which passes through the outer shell (1) and is slidably connected to the outer shell (1).

3. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Cutting strips (8) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two spoon petals (5). The cutting strips (8) are located between the two spoon petals (5), and the shearing edges of the two cutting strips (8) are misaligned and fitted together.

4. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner walls of both sides of the outer shell (1) are rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft (9), and the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (9) is fixedly connected to a side plate (10). The outer wall of the side plate (10) away from the second rotating shaft (9) is fixedly provided with scraping teeth.

5. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer walls of the two scissor arms (3) are fixedly connected to one end of a top rod (11), and the other end of the top rod (11) is fixedly connected to a top ball (12), which can fit against the outer wall of the side plate (10).

6. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of a torsion spring (13) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the side plate (10). The torsion spring (13) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (9). The other end of the torsion spring (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

7. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to a collection box (14), the opening of the collection box (14) is located near the side plate (10), and a bottom cover (15) is provided on the lower surface of the outer shell (1), the bottom cover (15) is connected to the bottom of the collection box (14).

8. The bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A bending shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit (2), and the upper surface of the bending shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell (1).

9. A bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one set of pull cables (18) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer shell (1), the pull cables (18) passing through the conduit (2) and being slidably connected to the pull cables (18).

10. A bile duct biopsy sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A guide plate (17) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the conduit (2). The guide plate (17) is sleeved on the outside of the bending shaft (16). The guide plate (17) is trumpet-shaped.

Images