Integrated waste gas treatment system prepared based on ceramsite proppant and preparation process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas and dust separation, and discloses an integrated waste gas treatment system prepared based on a ceramsite proppant and a preparation technology.The integrated waste gas treatment system prepared based on the ceramsite proppant comprises a bottom frame, a conical cylinder fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom frame and a column cylinder fixedly installed above the conical cylinder; the inner wall of the column casing is fixedly connected with a central pipe, and the inner wall of the conical cylinder is provided with a dust passing mechanism for directionally separating dust; by arranging the dust passing mechanism and the accumulated dust flow guide assembly, directional flow guide of separated dust is achieved, the accumulated dust flow guide assembly is composed of multiple layers of flow guide plates, the contact area with the dust can be enlarged, the dust is accurately guided to the dust inlet, when the dust falls down, the flow guide plates can prevent the dust from flying and rising, the dust smoothly enters the follow-up collecting link, and the dust collecting efficiency is improved. The dust content of exhausted gas is reduced, and the waste gas treatment efficiency and the purification effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas dust separation technology, and in particular to an integrated waste gas treatment system and its preparation process based on ceramsite proppant. Background Technology

[0002] Waste gas is generated during the preparation of ceramsite proppant, mainly originating from the high-temperature sintering stage. During firing in a kiln at 1200-1400℃, sulfur-containing compounds and fine powders from the raw materials, such as quartz sand and bauxite, are formed and escape with the flue gas at high temperatures. The industry typically employs a combined process of "pretreatment + main treatment + deep purification" to ensure the waste gas meets standards. Pretreatment uses a cyclone dust collector to capture 80%-90% of the coarse dust particles in the waste gas, reducing the load on subsequent equipment. The main treatment uses a bag filter to further remove fine dust particles, followed by desulfurization and denitrification treatment of the waste gas.

[0003] Patent CN115920558A discloses a micro-powder production and collection device for preparing antioxidant polyethylene wax powder, including a cyclone separator and a collection tank. A fixing plate is fixedly installed inside the collection tank, and a dust collector filter bag is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the fixing plate. Cleaning components are provided between the gaps in the dust collector filter bag. A sliding groove is formed on the inner wall of the collection tank, and a collection component is located inside the collection tank below the dust collector filter bag. A micro motor drives a gear to rotate, which in turn drives a rotating ring to rotate around a first threaded rod via an external gear ring, causing the rotating ring to move downwards. Simultaneously, the gear rotation also drives a brush ring to rotate via an internal gear ring, causing the brush ring to rotate and move downwards with the rotating ring. Therefore, the micro-powder adhering to the outside of the dust collector filter bag is swept into the collection tank, preventing the micro-powder from accumulating and agglomerating over a long period, thus avoiding affecting the filtration effect of the dust collector filter bag.

[0004] The existing technology has the following drawbacks: The separation of dust cannot be directed: In existing cyclone dust collectors, the separated dust drifts irregularly within the equipment, and some of it will be re-mixed into the purified airflow, resulting in an increase in the dust content of the exhaust gas; reducing the efficiency of exhaust gas treatment, making the purification effect worse, affecting the surrounding air quality, increasing the difficulty and frequency of equipment cleaning, accelerating equipment wear, shortening the service life of the equipment, and increasing operating costs.

[0005] The inability to resolve secondary eddies generated inside the equipment: When a cyclone dust collector separates dust and airflow, it generates a rotating airflow inside. The strong centrifugal force throws dust particles, which are much denser than gas, toward the inner wall of the cylinder, separating the dust from the airflow. The dust thrown onto the inner wall slides down the wall under gravity and eventually falls into the ash hopper at the bottom. During this process, secondary eddies are easily formed inside the equipment. Some of the dust that has been thrown onto the wall will be re-entrained by the rising airflow, resulting in a decrease in separation efficiency. At the same time, even small changes in the processing air volume and dust concentration can disrupt the stable flow field and further aggravate efficiency fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Given that existing technologies cannot direct the flow of separated dust and cannot resolve secondary eddies generated inside the equipment, an integrated waste gas treatment system and its preparation process based on ceramsite proppant are proposed.

[0007] This application provides an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant. Its purpose is to: guide the airflow downwards along the wall by installing spiral guide vanes inside the column, avoiding the airflow from turning back upwards and forming eddies; at the same time, a one-way dust passage mechanism is set inside the cone to intercept dust in a directional manner. After passing through the mechanism, the dust falls into the ash hopper, and the air can pass upwards through the interception mechanism and be discharged through the exhaust pipe. The one-way dust passage mechanism also has an adaptive adjustment function, which can reduce the probability of blockage and extend the service life.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant, comprising a base frame, a cone fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base frame, and a column fixedly installed above the cone. A central tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column. A dust passage mechanism for directional separation of dust is provided on the inner wall of the cone. The dust passage mechanism is located directly below the central tube. A directional flow guide component is provided on the outside of the central tube. The dust passage mechanism includes a central flow stabilizer cone. The outer wall of the central flow stabilizer cone is fixedly connected to multiple connecting seats and multiple support rods. The central flow stabilizer cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cone through multiple connecting seats and multiple support rods. The inner wall of the central flow stabilizer cone has multiple penetrating grooves. The penetrating grooves are located between two corresponding connecting seats. An inclined flow frame is fixedly connected between two adjacent connecting seats. A dust inlet is formed between the inclined flow frame and the central flow stabilizer cone. The inner wall of the inclined flow frame is provided with a dust accumulation and guiding component.

[0009] By employing the above scheme, the coordinated operation of the column, central tube, directional flow guide component, and dust passage mechanism enables the exhaust gas to flow along a predetermined path within the system. The directional flow guide component guides the exhaust gas downward in a spiral, and centrifugal force is used to throw the dust against the inner walls of the column and cone, achieving efficient separation of dust and airflow. Through the central flow stabilizing cone, inclined flow rack, and dust collection and guiding component, the separated dust can accurately enter the subsequent treatment stage through the dust inlet. The penetration groove allows a small amount of gas entering with the dust to merge with the rising separated airflow, ensuring smooth airflow.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust collection and flow guiding assembly includes two first flow guiding plates, two second flow guiding plates, and two third flow guiding plates symmetrically arranged inside the inclined flow frame, and a central flow guiding plate arranged between the two third flow guiding plates, wherein the top of the central flow guiding plate abuts against the third flow guiding plate, the second flow guiding plate, and the first flow guiding plate in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the dust collection and flow guiding assembly also includes a torsion spring shaft and multiple free-rotating shafts fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inclined flow frame. The central flow guide plate is rotatably connected to the inclined flow frame via the torsion spring shaft, and the first flow guide plate, the second flow guide plate, and the third flow guide plate are all rotatably connected to the inclined flow frame via free-rotating shafts.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the inclined flow frame is provided with a lower turning groove, which is located below the central guide plate, the first guide plate, the second guide plate and the third guide plate. The inner walls of the first guide plate, the second guide plate and the third guide plate are provided with misalignment grooves.

[0013] By adopting the above scheme, and by setting up a multi-layered dust collection and guiding component, namely the cooperation of the central guide plate with the first, second, and third guide plates, the contact area with dust can be effectively expanded. When the separated dust falls, these guide plates can guide the dust to the dust inlet, preventing the dust from flying upwards, improving the dust collection efficiency, and ensuring that the dust in the exhaust gas can smoothly enter the subsequent collection stage. The setting of the torsion spring shaft and the free shaft gives the dust collection and guiding component the ability to self-adjust. When there are many dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, and the dust accumulates on the surface of the guide plate, the gravity generated will also increase with the increase of the amount of dust, thereby expanding the dust inlet for dust discharge and preventing blockage.

[0014] Furthermore, the directional flow guide assembly includes a spiral flow guide blade, the inner wall of which is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting posts, the spiral flow guide blade and the central tube are fixedly connected through the connecting posts, and the outer wall of which is fixedly connected with an outer inclined guide strip.

[0015] Furthermore, the spiral guide vanes are spirally arranged from top to bottom and from outside to inside, and grooves are formed between the spiral guide vanes and the central tube, and between the outer spiral guide vanes and the inner spiral guide vanes.

[0016] By employing the above scheme, the synergistic effect of the spiral guide vanes and the outer inclined guide strips allows the dust-laden exhaust gas to flow along a predetermined spiral path within the column, avoiding turbulence and improving the efficiency and stability of exhaust gas treatment. The exhaust gas can spiral downwards more precisely along the column wall, providing a good foundation for subsequent dust separation. The spiral guide vanes, arranged from top to bottom and from outside to inside, extend the flow path and residence time of the exhaust gas within the column. During this process, because the density of dust particles is much greater than that of gas, under the action of centrifugal force, the dust is more easily thrown towards the inner wall of the column and cone, thus achieving more efficient separation of dust and airflow. The presence of the trough also helps some of the exhaust gas to return to the column wall, increasing the opportunity for dust to contact the wall and further improving the dust separation effect.

[0017] Furthermore, an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the column, an exhaust fan is installed at the top of the central tube, an exhaust pipe is connected to the outer wall of the exhaust fan, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the central tube.

[0018] Furthermore, a dust collection box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cone, and a dust discharge port is provided between the cone and the dust collection box, with the dust discharge port located below the central tube.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, the air inlet pipe ensures that the dust-laden exhaust gas can smoothly enter the system, providing a stable air source for subsequent treatment. The induced draft fan, as the power unit, has a strong suction force that enables the exhaust gas to form a stable airflow circulation within the system, ensuring the high efficiency of the entire exhaust gas treatment process. The induced draft fan draws the treated exhaust gas out from the central pipe and discharges it through the exhaust pipe.

[0020] Another aspect of this application provides a preparation process for an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The dust-laden waste gas generated during the preparation of the ceramsite proppant is discharged into the column through the inlet pipe; Step 2: The dust-laden exhaust gas spirals downwards along the wall surface under the guidance of the directional flow guiding component; Step 3: Centrifugal force throws dust particles with a density much greater than that of gas toward the inner wall of the column, separating the dust from the airflow. The dust particles thrown onto the inner wall slide down the wall surface. Step 4: The separated airflow rises steadily under the adjustment of the dust accumulation guide component and the central flow stabilizing cone; Step 5: The separated dust particles fall onto the dust collection and guiding component, and then fall into the dust collection box through the dust inlet and dust outlet; Step Six: A small amount of gas discharged into the dust inlet along with the dust particles merges with the separated airflow through the penetration channel; Step 7: The induced draft fan generates negative pressure, drawing the combined airflow into the central pipe and discharging it through the outlet pipe; Step 8: When there are a lot of dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, the dust particles accumulate on the surface of the dust collection and diversion component. The dust collection and diversion component adjusts itself to expand the dust inlet for dust discharge.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By setting up a dust passage mechanism and a dust collection and guiding component, the separated dust is guided in a directional manner. The dust collection and guiding component consists of multi-layered guide plates, which can expand the contact area with the dust and accurately guide the dust to the dust inlet. When the dust falls, the guide plates can prevent it from flying up, allowing the dust to smoothly enter the subsequent collection stage. This not only reduces the dust content of the exhaust gas and improves the efficiency and purification effect of exhaust gas treatment, but also reduces the difficulty and frequency of equipment cleaning, reduces equipment wear, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces operating costs.

[0022] 2. The directional flow guide component enables the dust-laden exhaust gas to flow along a predetermined spiral path within the column, preventing turbulence within the column. The unique spiral structure of the spiral guide blades and the additional guiding effect of the externally inclined guide strips enhance the directionality and stability of the exhaust gas flow, enabling more efficient dust separation. Even with slight changes in the processing air volume and dust concentration, a stable flow field can be maintained, effectively preventing the generation of secondary eddies and improving dust separation efficiency.

[0023] 3. Through the set dust collection and flow guiding components, when there are a lot of dust particles in the dust-laden exhaust gas, the dust accumulates on the surface of the guide plate. As the amount of dust increases, the gravity increases, and the dust inlet will expand accordingly to discharge dust and prevent blockage. At the same time, the dust-laden exhaust gas spirals downward under the guidance of the directional flow guiding components, and the dust and airflow are separated by centrifugal force. The separated airflow and dust flow and are collected according to predetermined paths. This efficient operation mode ensures the stability and efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment process and improves the performance and reliability of the entire system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the column structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central tube structure of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the directional flow guide component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust outlet structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dust passage mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dust inlet structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collection and diversion component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the torsion spring shaft of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the central guide plate in the depressed state of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture: 1. Base frame; 2. Cone; 21. Dust outlet; 22. Dust collection box; 3. Column; 31. Inlet pipe; 32. Central pipe; 33. Outlet pipe; 4. Exhaust fan; 5. Directional flow guide assembly; 51. Spiral guide vane; 52. Connecting column; 53. Outer inclined guide strip; 54. Slot; 6. Dust passage mechanism; 61. Central flow stabilizer cone; 62. Penetration slot; 63. Connecting seat; 64. Support rod; 65. Inclined flow frame; 66. Dust inlet; 67. Dust accumulation guide assembly; 671. First guide plate; 672. Second guide plate; 673. Third guide plate; 674. Central guide plate; 675. Torsion spring shaft; 676. Free rotation shaft; 677. Lower rotation slot; 678. Misalignment slot. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 10 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant, including a base frame 1, a cone 2 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base frame 1, and a column 3 fixedly installed above the cone 2. A central tube 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column 3. A dust passage mechanism 6 for directional separation of dust is provided on the inner wall of the cone 2. The dust passage mechanism 6 is located directly below the central tube 32. A directional flow guide component 5 is provided on the outside of the central tube 32.

[0028] Reference Figure 5 - Figure 10The dust passage mechanism 6 includes a central flow stabilizer cone 61. The outer wall of the central flow stabilizer cone 61 is fixedly connected with multiple connecting seats 63 and multiple support rods 64. The central flow stabilizer cone 61 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cone 2 through multiple connecting seats 63 and multiple support rods 64. Multiple penetration grooves 62 are opened on the inner wall of the central flow stabilizer cone 61. The penetration grooves 62 are located between two corresponding connecting seats 63. An inclined flow frame 65 is fixedly connected between two adjacent connecting seats 63. A dust inlet 66 is formed between the inclined flow frame 65 and the central flow stabilizer cone 61. A dust accumulation and guiding component 67 is provided on the inner wall of the inclined flow frame 65.

[0029] Specifically, the dust passage mechanism 6 is located directly below the central tube 32, which can ensure that the dust in the exhaust gas coming down from the column tube 3 can be smoothly separated by the dust passage mechanism 6. In addition, a directional flow guide component 5 is provided outside the central tube 32, which can effectively guide the exhaust gas entering the column tube 3, so that the exhaust gas can flow along a predetermined path.

[0030] Through the coordinated operation of the column 3, central tube 32, directional flow guide component 5, and dust passage mechanism 6, the exhaust gas can flow along a predetermined path within the system. The directional flow guide component 5 guides the exhaust gas downward in a spiral, and centrifugal force throws the dust against the inner walls of the column 3 and cone 2, achieving efficient separation of dust and airflow. Through the central flow stabilizing cone 61, inclined flow frame 65, and dust accumulation guide component 67, the separated dust can accurately enter the subsequent treatment stage through the dust inlet 66. The penetration groove 62 allows a small amount of gas entering with the dust to merge with the rising separated airflow, ensuring smooth airflow.

[0031] Reference Figure 7 - Figure 10 The dust collection and flow guiding assembly 67 includes two first guide plates 671, two second guide plates 672, and two third guide plates 673 symmetrically arranged inside the inclined flow frame 65, and a central guide plate 674 disposed between the two third guide plates 673. The top of the central guide plate 674 abuts against the third guide plates 673, the second guide plates 672, and the first guide plates 671 in sequence. The dust collection and flow guiding assembly 67 also includes a torsion spring shaft 675 and multiple free shafts 676 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inclined flow frame 65. The central guide plate 674, the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673 are rotatably connected to the inclined flow frame 65 via a torsion spring shaft 675. The inclined flow frame 65 has a lower rotating groove 677 on its inner wall, which is located below the central guide plate 674, the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673. The inner walls of the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673 have misaligned grooves 678.

[0032] Specifically, the two first guide plates 671, the two second guide plates 672, and the two third guide plates 673 are arranged in an orderly manner, cooperating with each other to form a multi-layered flow guiding system. The central guide plate 674 is located at the core of the entire dust accumulation guide assembly 67, enabling effective force transmission and coordinated work among the guide plates. The torsion spring shaft 675 ensures that the central guide plate 674 can rotate flexibly and also has an elastic reset function. The free shaft 676 allows the three guide plates to rotate freely according to actual conditions to adapt to different dust accumulation states. The lower rotating groove 677 provides a certain space for the rotation of the guide plates, preventing interference between the guide plates and the inner wall of the inclined flow frame 65 during rotation. The staggered groove 678 allows the guide plates to be staggered during rotation, avoiding collisions and interference between them, further ensuring the normal operation of the dust accumulation guide assembly 67.

[0033] By setting up a multi-layered dust collection and guiding assembly 67, namely the cooperation of the central guide plate 674 with the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673, the contact area with dust can be effectively expanded. When the separated dust falls, these guide plates can guide the dust to the dust inlet 66, preventing the dust from flying up and improving the efficiency of dust collection, ensuring that the dust in the exhaust gas can smoothly enter the subsequent collection stage. The setting of the torsion spring shaft 675 and the free shaft 676 gives the dust collection and guiding assembly 67 the ability to self-adjust. When there are many dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, and the dust accumulates on the surface of the guide plate, the gravity generated will also increase with the increase of the amount of dust, thereby expanding the dust inlet 66 for dust discharge and preventing blockage.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4 The directional flow guide assembly 5 includes a spiral guide vane 51. Multiple connecting posts 52 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spiral guide vane 51. The spiral guide vane 51 is fixedly connected to the central tube 32 through the connecting posts 52. An outer inclined guide strip 53 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spiral guide vane 51. The spiral guide vane 51 is spirally arranged from top to bottom and from outside to inside. A groove 54 is formed between the spiral guide vane 51 and the central tube 32, and between the outer spiral guide vane 51 and the inner spiral guide vane 51.

[0035] Specifically, the unique spiral structure of the spiral guide vane 51 can effectively guide the dust-laden exhaust gas entering the column cylinder 3; the outer inclined guide strip 53 can provide additional guidance for the exhaust gas. When the dust-laden exhaust gas flows along the spiral guide vane 51, it makes the exhaust gas flow more orderly along the spiral downwards along the wall of the column cylinder 3, enhancing the directionality and stability of the exhaust gas flow; the trough 54 guides the exhaust gas entering it, allowing this part of the exhaust gas to return to the wall of the column cylinder 3, further strengthening the guidance of the exhaust gas flow, and allowing the exhaust gas to participate more efficiently in the subsequent dust separation process.

[0036] Through the synergistic effect of the spiral guide vanes 51 and the outer inclined guide strips 53, the dust-laden exhaust gas can flow in the column 3 along a predetermined spiral path, avoiding turbulence in the exhaust gas within the column 3, thus improving the efficiency and stability of exhaust gas treatment. The exhaust gas can spiral downwards more precisely along the wall of the column 3, providing a good foundation for subsequent dust separation. The spiral guide vanes 51 are spirally arranged from top to bottom and from outside to inside, extending the flow path and residence time of the exhaust gas in the column 3. During this process, since the density of dust particles is much greater than that of gas, under the action of centrifugal force, the dust is more easily thrown towards the inner wall of the column 3 and the cone 2, thereby achieving more efficient separation of dust and airflow. The presence of the trough 54 also helps some of the exhaust gas to return to the wall of the column 3, increasing the chance of dust contacting the wall and further improving the dust separation effect.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 3 An air inlet pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the column 3, and an exhaust fan 4 is installed on the top of the central pipe 32. An exhaust pipe 33 is connected to the outer wall of the exhaust fan 4 and is connected to the central pipe 32. A dust collection box 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cone 2, and a dust discharge port 21 is provided between the cone 2 and the dust collection box 22. The dust discharge port 21 is located below the central pipe 32.

[0038] The intake pipe 31 ensures that the dust-laden exhaust gas can smoothly enter the system, providing a stable air source for subsequent treatment. The induced draft fan 4, as a power unit, has a strong suction force that enables the exhaust gas to form a stable airflow circulation within the system, ensuring the efficient operation of the entire exhaust gas treatment process. The induced draft fan 4 draws the treated exhaust gas out from the central pipe 32 and discharges it through the exhaust pipe 33.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 10 This is a second embodiment of the present invention, providing a preparation process for an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant includes the following steps: Step 1: The dust-laden waste gas generated during the preparation of the ceramsite proppant is discharged into the column cylinder 3 through the air inlet pipe 31; Step 2: The dust-laden exhaust gas spirals downwards along the wall surface under the guidance of the directional flow guide component 5; Step 3: Centrifugal force throws dust particles with a density much greater than that of gas toward the inner wall of column 3, separating the dust from the airflow. The dust particles thrown onto the inner wall slide down the wall surface. Step 4: The separated airflow rises steadily under the adjustment of the dust accumulation guide component 67 and the central flow stabilizing cone 61.

[0040] Step 5: The separated dust particles fall onto the dust collection and guiding component 67, and then fall into the dust collection box 22 through the dust inlet 66 and the dust outlet 21. Step 6: A small amount of gas discharged into the dust inlet 66 along with the dust particles merges with the separated airflow through the penetration groove 62; Step 7: The operation of the induced draft fan 4 generates negative pressure, which draws the combined airflow into the central pipe 32 and discharges it through the outlet pipe 33; Step 8: When there are a lot of dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, the dust particles accumulate on the surface of the dust collection and diversion component 67. The dust collection and diversion component 67 adjusts itself to expand the dust inlet 66 for dust discharge.

[0041] Working principle of the invention: During the preparation of the ceramsite proppant, a large amount of dust-laden waste gas is generated. The dust-laden waste gas enters the column 3 from the inlet pipe 31 and spirals downward along the wall of the column 3 under the guidance of the spiral guide vanes 51 and the outer inclined guide strips 53. Some of the dust-laden waste gas enters the trough 54 formed between the spiral guide vanes 51 and the central pipe 32, and between the outer spiral guide vanes 51 and the inner spiral guide vanes 51. Under the guidance of the trough 54, the waste gas returns to the wall of the column 3, further enhancing the guiding nature of the waste gas flow.

[0042] During the downward spiral of the exhaust gas, since the density of dust particles is much greater than that of gas, they will be thrown towards the inner walls of the column 3 and the cone 2 under the action of centrifugal force, thus separating the dust from the airflow. The separated airflow rises steadily under the regulation of the dust accumulation guide component 67 and the central flow stabilizing cone 61. The separated dust slides down the wall of the column 3 to prepare for subsequent collection.

[0043] The separated dust falls onto the central guide plate 674, the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673. The central guide plate 674, the first guide plate 671, the second guide plate 672, and the third guide plate 673 are arranged in a stepped planar distribution, which increases the contact area with the dust and prevents the dust from flying upward. The central guide plate 674 is located at the lowest point, which causes the dust to gather in the middle, further preventing the dust from flying upward. Finally, the dust falls into the dust collection box 22 through the dust inlet 66 and the dust outlet 21.

[0044] The small amount of gas that enters the dust inlet 66 with the dust will merge with the rising separated airflow through the penetration groove 62. At the same time, the induced draft fan 4 will generate negative pressure, which will draw the merged airflow into the central pipe 32 and then discharge it from the system through the exhaust pipe 33 to enter the next waste gas treatment system.

[0045] When there are many dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, the dust accumulates on the surface of the dust collection and diversion component 67. As the amount of dust increases, the resulting gravity also increases, pressing down the first diversion plate 671, the second diversion plate 672, and the third diversion plate 673. The first diversion plate 671, the second diversion plate 672, and the third diversion plate 673 transmit the pressure to the central diversion plate 674. The central diversion plate 674 rotates at the torsion spring shaft 675, expanding the dust inlet 66 to discharge dust, prevent blockage, and ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the system.

[0046] After the accumulated dust is discharged, the central guide plate 674, under the torque of the torsion spring shaft 675, sequentially drives the third guide plate 673, the second guide plate 672 and the first guide plate 671 to reset, thereby realizing the effective treatment of dust-containing waste gas in the preparation of ceramsite proppant.

[0047] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant, comprising a base frame (1), a cone (2) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base frame (1), and a column (3) fixedly installed above the cone (2), characterized in that: The inner wall of the column (3) is fixedly connected to a central tube (32), and the inner wall of the cone (2) is provided with a dust passage mechanism (6) for directional separation of dust. The dust passage mechanism (6) is located directly below the central tube (32), and a directional flow guide component (5) is provided on the outside of the central tube (32). The dust passage mechanism (6) includes a central flow stabilizer cone (61). The outer wall of the central flow stabilizer cone (61) is fixedly connected with multiple connecting seats (63) and multiple support rods (64). The central flow stabilizer cone (61) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cone (2) through multiple connecting seats (63) and multiple support rods (64). The inner wall of the central flow stabilizer cone (61) is provided with multiple penetration grooves (62). The penetration grooves (62) are located between two corresponding connecting seats (63). An inclined flow frame (65) is fixedly connected between two adjacent connecting seats (63). A dust inlet (66) is formed between the inclined flow frame (65) and the central flow stabilizer cone (61). The inner wall of the inclined flow frame (65) is provided with a dust accumulation guide component (67).

2. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection guide assembly (67) includes two first guide plates (671), two second guide plates (672) and two third guide plates (673) symmetrically arranged inside the inclined flow frame (65), and a central guide plate (674) arranged between the two third guide plates (673). The top of the central guide plate (674) abuts against the third guide plate (673), the second guide plate (672) and the first guide plate (671) in sequence.

3. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust collection guide assembly (67) also includes a torsion spring shaft (675) and a plurality of free shafts (676) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inclined flow frame (65). The central guide plate (674) is rotatably connected to the inclined flow frame (65) through the torsion spring shaft (675). The first guide plate (671), the second guide plate (672) and the third guide plate (673) are all rotatably connected to the inclined flow frame (65) through the free shafts (676).

4. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inclined flow frame (65) is provided with a lower rotating groove (677), which is located below the central guide plate (674), the first guide plate (671), the second guide plate (672) and the third guide plate (673). The inner walls of the first guide plate (671), the second guide plate (672) and the third guide plate (673) are provided with misaligned grooves (678).

5. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional flow guide assembly (5) includes a spiral flow guide blade (51), and a plurality of connecting posts (52) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spiral flow guide blade (51). The spiral flow guide blade (51) and the central tube (32) are fixedly connected by the connecting posts (52). An outer inclined guide strip (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spiral flow guide blade (51).

6. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral guide vanes (51) are spirally arranged from top to bottom and from outside to inside, and a groove (54) is formed between the spiral guide vanes (51) and the central tube (32), and between the outer spiral guide vanes (51) and the inner spiral guide vanes (51).

7. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the column (3), and an exhaust fan (4) is installed on the top of the central pipe (32). An exhaust pipe (33) is connected to the outer wall of the exhaust fan (4), and the exhaust pipe (33) is connected to the central pipe (32).

8. The integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant according to claim 7, characterized in that: A dust collection box (22) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cone (2), and a dust discharge port (21) is provided between the cone (2) and the dust collection box (22). The dust discharge port (21) is located below the central tube (32).

9. A preparation process for an integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant, comprising the integrated waste gas treatment system based on ceramsite proppant as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The dust-laden waste gas generated during the preparation of the ceramsite proppant is discharged into the column cylinder (3) through the air inlet pipe (31); Step 2: The dust-laden exhaust gas spirals downward along the wall under the guidance of the directional flow guide component (5); Step 3: Centrifugal force throws dust particles with a density much greater than that of gas toward the inner wall of the column (3), causing the dust to separate from the airflow. The dust thrown onto the inner wall slides down the wall surface. Step 4: The separated airflow rises steadily under the regulation of the dust accumulation guide assembly (67) and the central flow stabilizer cone (61); Step 5: The separated dust particles fall onto the dust collection guide assembly (67) and fall into the dust collection box (22) through the dust inlet (66) and the dust outlet (21). Step 6: A small amount of gas that enters the dust inlet (66) along with the dust particles merges with the separated airflow through the penetration groove (62); Step 7: The induced draft fan (4) generates negative pressure, drawing the combined airflow into the central pipe (32) and discharging it through the outlet pipe (33); Step 8: When there are a lot of dust particles in the dusty exhaust gas, the dust particles accumulate on the surface of the dust collection and diversion component (67). The dust collection and diversion component (67) adjusts itself to expand the dust inlet (66) for dust discharge.

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