Dust removal device and dust removal method for atmospheric pollution control in environmental engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal device and a dust removal method for atmospheric pollution control in environmental engineering, and belongs to the technical field of environmental dust removal equipment. The device comprises a dust removal tower, a lifting flow guide mechanism is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the dust removal tower, the lifting flow guide mechanism comprises a mounting ring, a plurality of flow guide fans are arranged in the middle of the mounting ring, an air entraining fan is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the dust removal tower, and an impurity removal filter element is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the dust removal tower. A back-flushing opening is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the dust removal tower, and an air outlet is formed in the bottom of the outer wall of the dust removal tower; by arranging the lifting flow guide mechanism capable of performing lifting motion, dust-containing gas is subjected to primary washing treatment before entering the dust removal tower, so that the filtering and dust removal efficiency is improved, meanwhile, purification operation on atmosphere in different height ranges in a surrounding environment area is realized, and meanwhile, back-flushing cleaning on the inner wall of the device is realized as required; and the continuous service life of the device is effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental dust removal equipment technology, and in particular to a dust removal device and method for air pollution control in environmental engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of environmental engineering, dust removal technology is crucial for air pollution control and is widely used in various scenarios such as air emission purification in industrial areas and dust control in open spaces such as urban areas.

[0003] Currently, mainstream fixed tower dust collectors on the market have certain limitations in structural design and operating mode: their air inlet is usually set at a fixed height, relying on the negative pressure generated by the fan to draw in surrounding dust-laden gas. This air inlet method often makes it difficult to dynamically adjust according to the actual distribution of dust in the space, especially for dust deposited on the ground or diffused at low altitudes, resulting in low collection efficiency. At the same time, most devices adopt a simple process of strong suction plus direct filtration, lacking a systematic pretreatment stage before the airflow enters the core filtration unit, leading to a large load on the downstream filtration and poor dust removal effect. Therefore, improvements are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a dust removal device and method for air pollution control in environmental engineering, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the lack of dust pretreatment results in a large filtration load on subsequent equipment and poor filtration and dust removal effect.

[0005] This invention provides a dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering, including a dust removal tower. A lifting and guiding mechanism is slidably installed on the outer wall of the dust removal tower. The lifting and guiding mechanism includes an installation ring. A plurality of guiding fans are arranged in the middle of the installation ring. A plurality of driving components for driving the installation ring to move up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower are fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation ring. An exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the dust removal tower. A filter element for removing impurities is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the dust removal tower. A backflow port is opened in the middle of the outer wall of the dust removal tower. An exhaust port is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the dust removal tower.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: a mounting base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust removal tower, a through groove is provided on the mounting base corresponding to the position of the exhaust port, an exhaust motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port, and an exhaust baffle is fixedly connected to the output end of the exhaust motor.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the outer wall of the mounting ring is provided with a plurality of external spray components, each external spray component including a mounting groove, an adjusting motor being fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove, an external spray frame being fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting motor, and a spray head being fixedly installed on one side of the external spray frame.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: an inner spray component is provided above the flow guide fan, the inner spray component includes a spray ring, a plurality of atomizing nozzles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray ring, the water inlet ends of the plurality of atomizing nozzles are all connected to the inner cavity of the spray ring, an inner spray pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the spray ring, and one end of the inner spray pipe is connected to the output end of an external water supply device.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a cyclone separation mechanism is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the dust removal tower. The cyclone separation mechanism includes a cyclone cylinder. The top and bottom edges of the cyclone cylinder are provided with openings. A spiral guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder. A middle filter element is fixedly connected to the middle of the cyclone cylinder. A dust collection trough is provided inside the tower wall of the dust removal tower. Several dust discharge ports are provided on the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder. The several dust discharge ports are all connected to the dust collection trough. A dust discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust collection trough. One end of the dust discharge pipe is connected to the air inlet of an external suction pump.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the central filter element includes a central filter frame, a central filter element is fixedly installed in the center of the central filter frame, a plurality of baffles are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central filter element, a central through pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the central filter element, and an air inlet hood is fixedly connected to the bottom of the central through pipe.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: an accumulation and guiding component is provided above the cyclone separation mechanism. The accumulation and guiding component includes two symmetrically arranged guiding hoods. A flexible tube is fixedly connected between the two guiding hoods. A number of reset springs are fixedly connected between the outer wall of the flexible tube and the inner wall of the dust removal tower.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: a receiving air platform is provided above the accumulation and guiding component, the top of the receiving air platform protrudes upward, and a ventilation groove is provided between the edge of the receiving air platform and the inner wall of the dust removal tower.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a backwash guide assembly is provided below the impurity removal filter element. The backwash guide assembly includes a support tray, and an outlet is provided on the edge of the support tray. A closed motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the support tray, and a closed turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the closed motor. A matching interface is provided on the edge of the closed turntable, and the matching interface is correspondingly provided to the outlet.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: mounting holes are provided between several of the discharge ports, and backflushing diversion pipes are fixedly installed inside the several mounting holes. The bottom of the several backflushing diversion pipes is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the support tray. Several connecting ports are provided along the edge of the inner cavity of the support tray. One end of the several connecting ports is respectively set to correspond to one end of the several backflushing ports. A dust removal discharge port is provided between the impurity removal filter element and the cyclone separation mechanism. One side of the dust removal discharge port is connected to the dust collection tank.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the driving component includes a driving frame, a driving motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the driving frame, a driving wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, a friction pad is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving wheel, a limiting guide groove is opened on the outer wall of the dust removal tower, and the driving wheel is rotatably installed in the limiting guide groove.

[0016] A dust removal method for an air pollution control device in environmental engineering includes the following steps: Step 1: The external spray system sprays and humidifies the air around the dust removal tower; Step 2: Humidified air is drawn into the dust removal tower by the rotation of the exhaust fan for dust removal. Step 3: The external spraying components are driven to move up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower by the drive components, and the spraying heads are rotated by the regulating motor to clean the outer wall of the dust removal tower; Step 4: Air is sent to the backwash port through the guide fan to achieve backwash cleaning of the internal components of the dust removal tower.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention sets up a lifting and guiding mechanism that can be raised and lowered to perform preliminary washing treatment on the dust-laden gas before it enters the dust removal tower, thereby improving the filtration and dust removal efficiency. At the same time, the lifting and guiding fan on the lifting and guiding mechanism moves up and down, and at the same time, it uses its air supply effect to guide the airflow to achieve the purification operation of the atmosphere in different height ranges of the surrounding environment. When needed, the air supply operation of the guiding fan can be used to achieve backflushing and cleaning of the inner wall of the device, effectively extending the continuous working time of the device. This invention humidifies the airflow entering the dust removal tower by setting external and internal spray components, thereby increasing the probability of aggregation of dust particles contained within it and facilitating subsequent filtration and separation. Furthermore, this invention sets up an accumulation and guiding component, which uses the guiding and aggregation effect of the guide hood to increase the probability of collision and combination of dust particles in the airflow within the flexible tube, causing them to form large dust impurities and improving their separation efficiency in the subsequent cyclone separation process. The cyclone separation mechanism of this invention utilizes a spiral guide plate to guide the airflow to rotate inside the cyclone cylinder. The centrifugal force generated during this rotation causes large dust particles mixed in the airflow to flow towards the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder, and then exit through the dust outlet into the dust collection tank for discharge. Furthermore, the baffle plate guides the airflow in the middle to pass through the outer layer of the central filter element and flow inwards, thus achieving airflow filtration. This mechanism constrains and filters the airflow in the middle of the cyclone cylinder. This invention introduces backwash airflow through the backwash guide assembly by aligning the connecting port with the backwash port, and then sends it vertically upward through each backwash pipe, so that it can be evenly blown to the bottom of the impurity removal filter element to achieve thorough backwash cleaning. The dust generated by the air supply cleaning enters the dust collection tank through the dust removal outlet. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting and guiding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cyclone separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cyclone separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the flow-guiding component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the changes in the working state of the backflow guiding component of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 101. Dust removal tower; 102. Limiting guide channel; 103. Backflush port; 104. Mounting base; 105. Exhaust damper; 2. Lifting and guiding mechanism; 201. Mounting ring; 202. External spray frame; 203. Spray head; 204. Guide fan; 205. Drive frame; 206. Air guide duct; 207. Upper air supply duct; 208. Drive wheel; 3. Accumulation and guiding assembly; 301. Guide hood; 302. Flexible tube; 303. Return spring; 4. Swirl separation mechanism; 401. Swirl cylinder; 402. 403. Spiral guide plate; 404. Inlet; 405. Central filter frame; 406. Central filter element; 407. Central through pipe; 408. Air inlet hood; 409. Baffle plate; 410. Dust collection trough; 411. Dust discharge pipe; 412. Dust discharge port; 5. Backwash guide assembly; 501. Support tray; 502. Enclosed motor; 503. Connecting port; 504. Backwash diverter pipe; 505. Enclosed turntable; 506. Dust removal outlet; 6. Exhaust fan; 7. Air receiving platform; 8. Impurity removal filter element; 9. Atomizing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-8 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering, including a dust removal tower 101. A lifting and guiding mechanism 2 is slidably installed on the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101. The lifting and guiding mechanism 2 includes an installation ring 201. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 and Figure 4Several guide fans 204 are installed in the middle of the mounting ring 201. A guide shroud is installed on the side of the guide fan 204 near the dust collector 101. A guide duct 206 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide shroud. An upper air supply duct 207 is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide duct 206. A reversing valve is fixedly installed at the connection between the upper air supply duct 207 and the guide duct 206. By starting the guide fans, air from the periphery and bottom area of ​​the dust collector 101 is transported upwards through the upper air supply duct 207, facilitating air intake at the top of the dust collector 101 and avoiding blind spots in air purification at the bottom of the dust collector 101. In practical implementation, an air pump can also be used to replace the guide fans 204 to obtain higher delivery power. Several drive units are fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting ring 201. The ring 201 is a drive component that moves up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101. An exhaust fan 6 is installed at the top of the inner wall of the dust removal tower 101, a filter element 8 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the dust removal tower 101, a backflushing port 103 is opened in the middle of the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101, and an exhaust port is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101 for discharging the airflow after dust removal. This application sets up a lifting and guiding mechanism 2 that can move up and down, so as to perform preliminary washing treatment on the dust-laden gas entering the dust removal tower 101, thereby improving the filtration and dust removal efficiency. At the same time, it realizes the purification operation of the atmosphere at different heights in the surrounding environment. In addition, by using the reversing valve to change the air supply direction, the backflushing cleaning of the inner wall of the device can be realized when needed, effectively extending the continuous working life of the device.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 To control the exhaust speed and position of the dust removal tower 101, a mounting base 104 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust removal tower 101. The mounting base 104 has a through groove at the position corresponding to the exhaust port. An exhaust motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port. An exhaust baffle 105 is fixedly connected to the output end of the exhaust motor. The exhaust baffle 105 is rotated by the exhaust motor to open and close the exhaust pipe, thereby exhausting the purified airflow. It can also be used to cool the ground area in high-temperature environments.

[0023] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The outer wall of the mounting ring 201 is provided with several external spray components. Each external spray component includes a mounting groove. An adjusting motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove. The output end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected to the external spray frame 202. A spray head 203 is fixedly installed on one side of the external spray frame 202. One end of the spray head 203 is connected to an external spray liquid supply device through a pipeline. The spray head 203 sprays spray liquid into the atmospheric environment around the dust removal tower to pre-treat and purify the surrounding air. In this embodiment, the spray liquid is clean water. In specific implementation, a treatment solvent that treats common air pollutants in the area can be used according to the treatment needs. When needed, the adjusting motor can drive the external spray frame 202 and the spray head 203 to rotate, so that they send the spray liquid toward the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101 to achieve external cleaning of the dust removal tower 101.

[0024] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 To further humidify the airflow entering the dust removal tower 101, thereby increasing the aggregation of dust particles contained within it and facilitating subsequent filtration and diversion, an internal spray component is provided above the guide fan 204. The internal spray component includes a spray ring, and several atomizing nozzles 9 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray ring. The water inlet ends of the several atomizing nozzles 9 are all connected to the inner cavity of the spray ring. An internal spray pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the spray ring, and one end of the internal spray pipe is connected to the output end of an external water supply device.

[0025] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 5 To effectively remove large dust particles from the airflow, a cyclone separation mechanism 4 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the dust collector 101. The cyclone separation mechanism 4 includes a cyclone cylinder 401, with openings 403 on both the top and bottom edges. A spiral guide plate 402 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 401, and a central filter element is fixedly connected to the middle of the cyclone cylinder 401. A dust collection groove 409 is provided inside the tower wall of the dust collector 101, and several openings are provided on the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 401. Several dust discharge ports 411 are connected to a dust collection tank 409. A dust discharge pipe 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust collection tank 409. One end of the dust discharge pipe 410 is connected to the air inlet of an external suction pump. With the guidance of the spiral guide plate 402, the airflow rotates along the inside of the vortex cylinder 401. The centrifugal force during the rotation causes large dust particles mixed in the airflow to flow towards the inner wall of the vortex cylinder 401, and then enter the dust collection tank 409 through the dust discharge port 411 and be discharged.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 and Figure 6To constrain and filter the airflow in the middle of the cyclone separator 401, the middle filter element includes a central filter frame 404. A central filter element 405 is fixedly installed in the middle of the central filter frame 404. Several inclined baffles 408 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central filter element 405. A central pipe 406 is fixedly connected to the middle of the central filter element 405. An air receiving hood 407 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the central pipe 406. With the guidance of the baffles 408, the airflow in the middle is assisted to pass through the outer layer of the central filter element 405 and flow into its interior, thereby achieving airflow filtration. The airflow is then collected and discharged by the central filter element 405 and the air receiving hood 407.

[0027] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 7 To improve the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone separation mechanism 4, this application provides an accumulation and guiding component 3 above the cyclone separation mechanism 4. The accumulation and guiding component 3 includes two symmetrically arranged guide hoods 301. The side walls of the two guide hoods 301 are inclined. A flexible tube 302 is fixedly connected between the two guide hoods 301. By using the guiding and agglomerating effect of the guide hoods 301 on the airflow, the probability of collision and combination of airflow dust particles in the flexible tube 302 is increased, so that they form large dust impurities, thereby improving their separation efficiency in the subsequent cyclone separation process. In one embodiment, a plurality of return springs 303 are fixedly connected between the outer wall of the flexible tube 302 and the inner wall of the dust removal tower 101. The flexible tube 302 is designed so that when the system air volume increases, the static pressure at the flexible tube 302 decreases. Under the combined action of the external atmospheric pressure and the return springs 303, the flexible wall surface contracts inward, automatically reducing the opening area, maintaining or even increasing the flow rate, and ensuring collision efficiency. When the dust concentration increases sharply, the collision frequency and force of particles against the tube wall increase, and the resulting micro-vibration helps to prevent dust from adhering to the flexible wall and keep the flow channel unobstructed.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 Above the accumulation and guiding component 3, there is a receiving air platform 7. The top of the receiving air platform 7 protrudes upward, and a ventilation groove is provided between the edge of the receiving air platform 7 and the inner wall of the dust removal tower 101. The receiving air platform 7 is used to guide and increase the airflow speed into the cyclone separation mechanism 4, and at the same time guide the airflow to the ventilation groove, constraining the flow direction of the airflow, so that it can move more easily on the spiral guide plate 402 on the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 401 after entering the cyclone separation mechanism 4, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 8To control and regulate the air pressure inside the dust collector 101, a backwash guide assembly 5 is installed below the impurity removal filter element 8. The backwash guide assembly 5 includes a support tray 501, with an outlet on the edge of the support tray 501. A closed motor 502 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support tray 501, and a closed turntable 505 is fixedly connected to the output end of the closed motor 502. An interface is provided on the edge of the closed turntable 505, corresponding to the outlet. By setting the closed motor 502, the closed turntable 505 is driven to rotate, thereby changing the relative position of the interface and the outlet, thus adjusting the size of the air guiding area of ​​the outlet, thereby changing the exhaust speed, and thus regulating the airflow pressure in the area above the backwash guide assembly 5 inside the dust collector 101, thereby controlling the working state of the dust collector 101.

[0030] In one embodiment, to achieve the introduction and dispersion of the backwash airflow so that it can be evenly blown to the bottom of the impurity removal filter element 8 for thorough backwash cleaning, this application provides mounting holes between several outlets. Backwash diverter pipes 504 are fixedly installed inside each of the mounting holes. The bottoms of the backwash diverter pipes 504 are connected to the top of the inner cavity of the support tray 501. Several connecting ports 503 are provided along the edge of the inner cavity of the support tray 501. One end of each connecting port 503 corresponds to one end of a backwash port 103. A dust removal outlet 506 is provided between the impurity removal filter element 8 and the cyclone separation mechanism 4. One side of the dust removal outlet 506 is connected to the dust collection tank 409. Backwash airflow is introduced through the alignment of the connecting port 503 with the backwash port 103, and then sent vertically upwards through each backwash pipe to supply air to the bottom of the impurity removal filter element 8. The dust generated by the airflow cleaning enters the dust collection tank 409 through the dust removal outlet 506.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The aforementioned driving component is used to drive the mounting frame and its lifting and guiding mechanism 2 to move up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101. The specific structure can be implemented with reference to existing technical means. This application provides a feasible technical solution. The driving component includes a driving frame 205. A driving motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the driving frame 205. A driving wheel 208 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor. A friction pad is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving wheel 208. A limiting guide groove 102 is opened on the outer wall of the dust removal tower 101. The driving wheel 208 is rolled and installed in the limiting guide groove 102. The driving motor drives the driving wheel 208 to rotate. The friction reaction force between the friction pad and the inner wall of the limiting guide groove 102 drives the mounting ring 201 to achieve lifting and lowering movement.

[0032] When in use, the invention is started by an external spray liquid supply device, which delivers spray liquid to each spray head 203 through pipelines. The drive component drives the mounting ring 201 to move up and down, thereby achieving preliminary washing treatment of the atmosphere around the dust removal tower 101. Then, the exhaust fan 6 is started, drawing airflow from the top of the dust removal tower 101. When the airflow passes through the atomizing nozzle 9 of the inner spray component, water mist is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle 9 for further humidification. Then, the airflow is received by the exhaust platform 7 and accelerated through the ventilation slot to form a high-speed jet, which is sprayed vertically downward into the accumulation and guiding component 3. Subsequently, the airflow is collected by the air guide shroud above the accumulation and guiding component 3 and accumulates through the flexible tube 302, causing the fine particles to agglomerate and increase in size. Next, guided by the lower air guide hood, the airflow enters the cyclone cylinder 401 through the inlet 403 and rotates at high speed under the guidance of the spiral guide plate 402. Large particles are thrown towards the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force and thrown into the dust collection tank 409 on the tower wall through the dust discharge port 411. Then, it is extracted and discharged by the suction pump through the dust discharge pipe 410. The remaining air is sent to the impurity removal filter element 8 through the lower inlet 403 for further impurity removal. The airflow moving towards the center of the cylinder passes through the baffle plate 408 of the central filter element and the central filter element 405 to intercept medium and fine particles. The filtered air is guided and discharged through the central pipe 406 and the air receiving hood 407. After being filtered by the impurity removal filter element 8, it is discharged through the exhaust port. When cleaning is required, the closed motor 502 drives the closed turntable 505 to rotate, so that the discharge port and the interface are completely misaligned. For the position status of the closed turntable 505 at this time, please refer to Figure 8 (b) The bottom of the dust removal tower 101 is sealed. At this time, the outlet corresponds to the top of each backflushing pipe. The driving component drives the lifting and guiding mechanism 2 to move to the backflushing port 103 position, so that the air guide pipe 206 is aligned with the backflushing port 103. At this time, the reversing valve is activated to seal the upper air supply pipe 207 and open the air guide pipe 206, so that the backflushing airflow sent out by the air guide pipe 206 blows upward evenly to sweep the bottom of the impurity removal filter element 8 through the connecting port 503 and the backflushing diversion pipe 504. The dust particles generated by the cleaning fall into the dust collection tank 409 through the cleaning outlet 506 and are extracted and discharged by the suction pump through the dust discharge pipe 410.

[0033] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering, characterized in that, The system includes a dust removal tower (101), on which a lifting and guiding mechanism (2) is slidably installed on the outer wall. The lifting and guiding mechanism (2) includes an installation ring (201), in which a plurality of guiding fans (204) are provided in the middle. A plurality of driving components for driving the installation ring (201) to move up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower (101) are fixedly installed inside the installation ring (201). An exhaust fan (6) is provided at the top of the inner wall of the dust removal tower (101), and a filter element (8) is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the dust removal tower (101). A backflow port (103) is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the dust removal tower (101), and an exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the dust removal tower (101).

2. The dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the mounting ring (201) is provided with a plurality of external spray components. Each external spray component includes a mounting groove. An adjusting motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove. An external spray frame (202) is fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting motor. A spray head (203) is fixedly installed on one side of the external spray frame (202).

3. The dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An inner spray component is provided above the flow guide fan (204). The inner spray component includes a spray ring. A plurality of atomizing nozzles (9) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray ring. The water inlet ends of the plurality of atomizing nozzles (9) are all connected to the inner cavity of the spray ring. An inner spray pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the spray ring.

4. The dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal tower (101) has a cyclone separation mechanism (4) in the middle of its inner wall. The cyclone separation mechanism (4) includes a cyclone cylinder (401). The top and bottom edges of the cyclone cylinder (401) are provided with openings (403). The inner wall of the cyclone cylinder (401) is fixedly connected with a spiral guide plate (402). The middle part of the cyclone cylinder (401) is fixedly connected with a middle filter element. The dust removal tower (101) has a dust collection trough (409) inside its tower wall. The inner wall of the cyclone cylinder (401) has several dust discharge ports (411). The several dust discharge ports (411) are all connected to the dust collection trough (409). A dust discharge pipe (410) is fixedly connected to one side of the dust collection trough (409).

5. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The central filter element includes a central filter frame (404), a central filter element (405) is fixedly installed in the center of the central filter frame (404), a plurality of baffles (408) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central filter element (405), a central through pipe (406) is fixedly connected to the center of the central filter element (405), and an air inlet hood (407) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the central through pipe (406).

6. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 5, characterized in that, An accumulation guide assembly (3) is provided above the cyclone separation mechanism (4). The accumulation guide assembly (3) includes two symmetrically arranged guide hoods (301). A flexible tube (302) is fixedly connected between the two guide hoods (301). Several reset springs (303) are fixedly connected between the outer wall of the flexible tube (302) and the inner wall of the dust removal tower (101).

7. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A receiving air duct (7) is provided above the accumulation and guiding component (3). The top of the receiving air duct (7) protrudes upward, and a ventilation slot is provided between the edge of the receiving air duct (7) and the inner wall of the dust removal tower (101).

8. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A backwash guide assembly (5) is provided below the impurity removal filter element (8). The backwash guide assembly (5) includes a support tray (501). The support tray (501) has an outlet on its edge. A closed motor (502) is fixedly connected to the middle of the support tray (501). A closed turntable (505) is fixedly connected to the output end of the closed motor (502). A matching interface is provided on the edge of the closed turntable (505). The matching interface is correspondingly provided to the outlet.

9. A dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A mounting hole is provided between several of the discharge ports, and a backflushing diversion pipe (504) is fixedly installed inside each of the mounting holes. The bottom of each of the backflushing diversion pipes (504) is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the support tray (501). Several connecting ports (503) are provided along the edge of the inner cavity of the support tray (501). One end of each of the connecting ports (503) is respectively set to correspond to one end of each of the backflushing ports (103). A dust removal discharge port (506) is provided between the impurity removal filter element (8) and the cyclone separation mechanism (4). One side of the dust removal discharge port (506) is connected to the dust collection tank (409).

10. The dust removal method of the dust removal device for air pollution control in environmental engineering as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Humidify the air around the dust removal tower by spraying water through external spray nozzles; Step 2: By rotating the exhaust fan (6), humidified air is drawn into the dust removal tower (101) for dust removal. Step 3: Drive the external spraying components to move up and down along the outer wall of the dust removal tower (101) by the drive component, and drive the spray head (203) to rotate by the regulating motor to clean the outer wall of the dust removal tower (101); Step 4: Air is sent to the backwash port (103) through the guide fan (204) to achieve backwash cleaning of the internal components of the dust removal tower (101).

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