Waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing
By using a spiral-structured dissolving and degassing drum, pressurized dissolution and negative pressure dispersion are achieved, which solves the problem of efficient removal of dust and ammonia in vanadium pentoxide calcination waste gas, thus saving water resources and improving waste gas treatment efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, during the treatment of vanadium pentoxide calcination waste gas, dust is difficult to settle, water washing requires frequent water replacement and large water volume, and ammonia is easily volatilized, resulting in serious wastewater pollution and difficulty in efficiently removing dust and ammonia.
The spiral-structured dissolving and degassing drums improve the miscibility frequency of waste gas and water and the ammonia solubility rate through pressurized dissolution and negative pressure dispersion, thereby treating clean water and wastewater respectively and reducing water consumption.
It achieves efficient removal of dust and ammonia, reduces water consumption, lowers wastewater treatment costs, and improves waste gas treatment efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121648714A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of vanadium processing equipment technology, and in particular to a waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing. Background Technology
[0002] Vanadium pentoxide is prepared by calcining ammonium metavanadate. At a calcination temperature of 500℃~600℃, the following reaction occurs: 2NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2NH3↑ + H2O↑. The waste gas produced is mostly derived from the reaction atmosphere (air), ammonia, water vapor, and dust (reaction product dust). For subsequent waste gas treatment, gas washing is generally carried out first, that is, the separation of dust from gas. Then, the waste gas is subjected to acid absorption treatment (using acidic solutions such as hydrochloric acid to absorb ammonia and generate ammonium salt solution) or alkaline spray treatment (alkaline neutralization with amino acids).
[0003] Currently, the most common methods for washing calcination exhaust gas to remove dust are bag filters or direct water filtration. Bag filters struggle to achieve both high dust removal rate and efficiency, while direct water washing presents several problems: 1. The dust generated from ammonium metavanadate calcination is primarily composed of vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅), which is slightly soluble in water but readily forms stable colloids rather than precipitates, resulting in high water consumption. 2. Ammonia can partially dissolve in water to form ammonia water, but this ammonia water is unstable and easily re-evaporates. Direct water washing inevitably causes some ammonia to dissolve in the water, while vanadium pentoxide particles are only slightly soluble in water and cannot settle stably, requiring frequent washing. Frequent water changes inevitably lead to the removal of ammonia-containing water. Therefore, direct water washing requires a continuous supply of fresh water and the removal of water after washing, since vanadium pentoxide is only slightly soluble in water and does not precipitate. However, to ensure that the ammonia in the waste gas can dissipate (only dust is filtered out), the water used for washing needs to have a high ammonia solubility. This is contradictory, as the ammonia water carries ammonia after removal, making the wastewater from washing and dust removal contain ammonia. The ammonia content in the waste gas after washing is reduced, placing a burden on the wastewater to remove ammonia. It is not possible to efficiently treat the vanadium pentoxide calcination waste gas in two steps: dust removal and ammonia removal. In other words, the current approach will inevitably lead to increased wastewater, reduced ammonia content in the waste gas (ammonia needs to be reused), high water consumption, and high costs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a waste gas cleaning device that uses less water.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing, characterized in that it includes two gas washing drums: a dissolving drum for compressing waste gas to increase water-gas miscibility, and a degassing drum for accelerating the escape of ammonia gas from water. Each gas washing drum includes a body and a guide channel located within the body. The guide channel is spiral-shaped, and the distance between the guide channel and the center of the body gradually increases from the inside to the outside. The outer opening of the guide channel is located on the circumference of the body. The spiral direction of the guide channel on the dissolving drum is opposite to the spiral direction of the guide channel on the degassing drum. The gas cleaning device also includes a horizontally arranged rotating shaft. The dissolved gas rotating cylinder and the degassing rotating cylinder are both fixed on the rotating shaft. The inner end of the guide groove of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder and the inner end of the guide groove of the degassing rotating cylinder are connected through a hollow hole on the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is driven by a geared motor. The dissolved gas rotating cylinder and the degassing rotating cylinder are located in the clean water tank and the wastewater tank, respectively. The dissolved gas rotating cylinder is partially located below the liquid surface of the clean water tank, and the height of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder below the liquid surface is greater than the width of the guide groove of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder. The degassing tank is located above the liquid surface of the wastewater tank. The clean water tank is connected to the exhaust gas inlet pipe, and the wastewater tank is connected to the exhaust gas outlet pipe.
[0006] This scheme utilizes the principle that in a spiral structure formed by an involute, the volume formed within each turn of the guide channel gradually decreases from the outside to the inside due to the decreasing distance between the guide channel and the center. During the rotation of the shaft, the exhaust gas first enters the area connecting the dissolved air drum and the purified water tank. Subsequently, some water gradually enters the guide channel during the rotation of the dissolved air drum. As the dissolved air drum rotates at a uniform speed, the water in the guide channel moves from the outside to the inside, forming a water seal structure within the guide channel. This creates several water storage areas and several gas storage areas within the entire guide channel, which are distributed alternately. Due to the decreasing volume of each turn, the gas pressure in the gas storage area closer to the inside of the guide channel is lower. The large volume of dissolved gas drum and the rotation of the dissolved gas drum cause continuous water flow and gas disturbance. In addition, the gradual increase in gas pressure leads to frequent contact between waste gas and water, and a high frequency of dust contact with water. The water solubility of ammonia also increases due to the increase in gas pressure. The inner end of the dissolved gas drum is connected to the inner end of the degassing drum, allowing wastewater and waste gas to enter the degassing drum. The degassing drum rotates in the opposite direction to the dissolved gas drum. Multiple water storage areas and gas storage areas are also formed inside the degassing drum. The difference is that as the degassing drum rotates, the gas pressure in the gas storage area gradually decreases, forming a negative pressure state above the water storage area, which accelerates the dissipation of dissolved ammonia. The dissipated waste gas is discharged, while the water discharged from the guide channel enters the wastewater tank.
[0007] In addition, the degassing drum can be made wider while the dissolved gas drum is narrower. On the one hand, this ensures that the outer diameter of the degassing drum is smaller while the two are coaxial. On the other hand, it allows the degassing drum to create a negative pressure on the dissolved gas drum, so that the waste gas from the dissolved gas drum can smoothly enter the degassing drum.
[0008] The advantages of this method are as follows: the exhaust gas is first pressurized to increase the amount of dissolved gases. The continuous changes in the water and gas storage areas, as well as the continuous flow of gas and water, increase the probability of water and gas mixing and dust dissolving in water. The process of first pressurizing and dissolving, followed by negative pressure extraction, results in a low dust content in the clean water tank, which is used as the water intake for the dissolved air drum. The wastewater tank contains more dust, but it does not come into contact with the degassing drum and serves as the drainage area for the degassing drum. The wastewater discharged into the wastewater tank can be reused by the dissolved air drum after being filtered by a filter screen. After a period of use, the amount of dissolved ammonia in the water in both the dissolved air drum and the dehydration tank becomes relatively large, hindering the redissolution of ammonia.
[0009] This method resolves the contradiction of frequent water changes required for dust with low water solubility, while frequent water changes are not possible for ammonia with high water solubility.
[0010] Furthermore, the clean water tank and the wastewater tank are interconnected via a filter screen. The wastewater tank and the clean water tank are interchangeable, and water in the wastewater tank can be filtered through the filter screen before entering the clean water tank.
[0011] Furthermore, the height of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder below the liquid surface is 1.5 to 3 times the width of the guide channel of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder. This ensures that a water seal structure is formed within a single loop of the guide channel.
[0012] Furthermore, the wastewater tank is equipped with a water inlet pipe and a sewage outlet pipe. The water inlet pipe and the sewage outlet pipe are used to periodically replace the water in the clean water tank and the wastewater tank. When replacing the water, first open the sewage outlet pipe, drain the water, close the sewage outlet pipe, and then open the water inlet pipe to inject new clean water for air washing.
[0013] Furthermore, the guide channels are located in the same plane. This allows for a reduction in the size of the air-washing drum and the water storage area. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste gas cleaning device.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the gas storage zone and liquid storage zone during the rotation of the dissolved gas drum and the degassing drum.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dissolved gas rotary drum and the degassing rotary drum.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the gas storage area and liquid storage area of the gas washing drum.
[0018] Legend: 1. Dissolved gas drum; 2. Degassing drum; 3. Guide channel; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Clean water tank; 6. Wastewater tank; 7. Exhaust gas inlet pipe; 8. Exhaust gas outlet pipe; 9. Filter screen; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Sewage outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the device includes two gas scrubbing drums: a dissolved gas drum 1 for compressing waste gas to increase water-gas miscibility, and a degassing drum 2 for accelerating the escape of ammonia from the water. Each scrubbing drum includes a main body and a guide channel 3 located within the main body. The guide channel 3 is spiral-shaped, with the distance from the center of the main body gradually increasing from the inside to the outside. The outer opening of the guide channel 3 is located on the circumference of the main body. The spiral direction of the guide channel 3 on the dissolved gas drum 1 is opposite to that on the degassing drum 2. The waste gas cleaning device also includes a rotating shaft 4. Both the dissolved gas drum 1 and the degassing drum 2 are fixed on the rotating shaft 4. The inner end of the guide channel 3 of the dissolved gas drum 1 and the inner end of the guide channel 3 of the degassing drum 2 are connected through a hollow hole on the rotating shaft 4. The rotating shaft 4 is driven by a geared motor. The dissolved gas drum 1 and the degassing drum 2 are located in the clean... Inside water tank 5 and wastewater tank 6, the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 is partially located below the liquid surface of water tank 5, and the height of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 below the liquid surface is greater than the width of the guide groove 3 of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1. The dewatering tank is located above the liquid surface of wastewater tank 6. Water tank 5 is connected to exhaust gas inlet pipe 7, which can be connected to negative pressure or directly discharged. Wastewater tank 6 is connected to exhaust gas outlet pipe 8. In order to ensure that when the rotating shaft 4 rotates one revolution, exhaust gas and wastewater can smoothly enter the inner end of the degassing rotating cylinder 2 from the inner end of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 through the hollow hole of the rotating shaft 4, and to keep part of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 below the liquid surface while the degassing rotating cylinder 2 is entirely above the liquid surface, the size of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 along the axis of the rotating shaft 4 can be reduced, while the size of the degassing rotating cylinder 2 along the axis of the rotating shaft 4 can be increased. The rotating shaft 4 is set horizontally.
[0021] From the outside in, the distance between the guide channel 3 and the center gradually decreases, resulting in a gradual decrease in the volume formed within each ring of the guide channel 3. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, the exhaust gas first enters the area connecting the dissolved air drum 1 and the purified water tank 5. Subsequently, some water gradually enters the guide channel 3 during the rotation of the dissolved air drum 1. As the dissolved air drum 1 rotates at a uniform speed, the water in the guide channel 3 moves from the outside to the inside, forming a water seal structure within the guide channel 3. This creates several water storage areas and several gas storage areas within the entire guide channel 3, which are distributed alternately. Due to the decreasing volume of each ring, the gas pressure in the gas storage area closer to the inside of the guide channel 3 is higher. The rotation of the cylinder causes continuous water flow and gas disturbance. In addition, the gradual increase in gas pressure leads to frequent contact between waste gas and water, and a higher frequency of dust contact with water. The water solubility of ammonia also increases due to the increase in gas pressure. The inner end of the dissolved gas cylinder 1 is connected to the inner end of the degassing cylinder 2, allowing wastewater and waste gas to enter the degassing cylinder 2. The degassing cylinder 2 rotates in the opposite direction to the dissolved water cylinder. Multiple water storage areas and gas storage areas are also formed inside the degassing cylinder 2. The difference is that as the degassing cylinder 2 rotates, the gas pressure in the gas storage area gradually decreases, forming a negative pressure state above the water storage area, which accelerates the dissipation of dissolved ammonia. The dissipated waste gas is discharged, while the water discharged from the guide channel 3 enters the sewage tank 6.
[0022] The clean water tank 5 and the wastewater tank 6 are interconnected via a filter screen 9. The wastewater tank 6 and the clean water tank 5 are interchangeable; water in the wastewater tank 6 can be filtered through the filter screen 9 before entering the clean water tank 5. The dissolved air rotating cylinder 1 is positioned below the liquid surface at a height 1.5 to 3 times the width of the guide channel 3 of the dissolved air rotating cylinder 1. This ensures a water seal structure is formed within a single loop of the guide channel 3.
[0023] The wastewater tank 6 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 10 and a sewage outlet pipe 11. The water inlet pipe 10 and sewage outlet pipe 11 are used for periodically replacing the water in the clean water tank 5 and the wastewater tank 6. During replacement, first open the sewage outlet pipe 11 to drain the water, then close it. Next, open the water inlet pipe 10 to inject fresh scrubbing water. The guide channel 3 is located in the same plane. This allows for a reduction in the size of the scrubbing drum and the water storage area.
[0024] like Figure 4As shown, A, B, and C are three water storage zones, and a and b are two gas storage zones. The gas storage zones are alternated with the water storage zones. Taking the water-dissolving rotating drum as an example, during the process of the rotating drum contacting the liquid surface of the purified water tank 5, liquid enters the rotating drum to form zone A. As the rotating drum continues to rotate, the water originally in zone A gradually transfers to zone B, while the gas originally in zone a gradually transfers to zone b. It is evident that the sum of the volumes of zones A and a is significantly greater than the sum of the volumes of zones B and b. However, the amount of water entering zone B from zone A does not decrease, nor does the amount of gas entering zone b from zone a. Consequently, the gas is gradually pressurized, and the liquid and gas are in a state of continuous pressurization and mutual solubility during the rotation. Of course, under the influence of the pressure difference, the liquid level will not change. Figure 4 Completely consistent with what is shown. Figure 4 This is only used to explain the logic of gas pressure changes during the rotation of the gas washing drum. Similarly, when the degassing drum 2 rotates, the gas pressure gradually decreases, and the dissolved gas in the water dissipates more rapidly.
[0025] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing, characterized in that, The device includes two gas scrubbing drums: a dissolved gas drum (1) for compressing waste gas to increase water-gas miscibility, and a degassing drum (2) for accelerating the escape of ammonia from water. Each scrubbing drum includes a body and a guide channel (3) located within the body. The guide channel (3) is spiral-shaped, and the distance between the guide channel (3) and the center of the body gradually increases from the inside to the outside. The outer opening of the guide channel (3) is located on the circumference of the body. The spiral direction of the guide channel (3) on the dissolved gas drum (1) is opposite to the spiral direction of the guide channel (3) on the degassing drum (2). The waste gas cleaning device also includes a horizontally arranged rotating shaft (4). Both the dissolved gas drum (1) and the degassing drum (2) are fixed to the rotating shaft. 4) The inner end of the guide groove (3) of the dissolved gas drum (1) is connected to the inner end of the guide groove (3) of the degassing drum (2) through the hollow hole on the rotating shaft (4). The rotating shaft (4) is driven by a geared motor. The dissolved gas drum (1) and the degassing drum (2) are located in the clean water tank (5) and the sewage tank (6) respectively. The dissolved gas drum (1) is partially located below the liquid surface of the clean water tank (5). The height of the dissolved gas drum (1) below the liquid surface is greater than the width of the guide groove (3) of the dissolved gas drum (1). The dewatering tank is located above the liquid surface of the sewage tank (6). The clean water tank (5) is connected to the exhaust gas inlet pipe (7), and the sewage tank (6) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet pipe (8).
2. The waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clean water tank (5) and the wastewater tank (6) are connected to each other through a filter screen (9).
3. A waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The height of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder (1) below the liquid surface is 1.5 to 3 times the width of the guide groove (3) of the dissolved gas rotating cylinder (1).
4. A waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sewage tank (6) is equipped with a water inlet pipe (10) and a sewage outlet pipe (11).
5. A waste gas cleaning device for vanadium pentoxide processing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guide channels (3) are located in the same plane.