Quadrangular diamond-containing drill bit matrix particle preparation device and method

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of diamond-impregnated drill bit production, and provides a quadrangular diamond-containing drill bit matrix particle preparation device and method, and the device comprises a pressing module and a single diamond discharging module. The pressing module is provided with a square array charging groove, a lower tray with a protruding column and a groove retreating push rod. And the single-grain diamond discharging module realizes single-grain accurate feeding of diamonds through a slidable sieve tray. The preparation method comprises the steps of carcass powder premixing, first-time powder filling, single-grain diamond implanting, second-time powder filling, pressing, demolding and aftertreatment. According to the invention, the shape regularization of wrapped particles is realized, and an empty bag phenomenon is completely eradicated; the process steps are greatly simplified, and the efficiency and the material utilization rate are remarkably improved; by adjusting the height of the lower tray, the three-dimensional position of the diamond in the particles can be accurately controlled, and an effective means is provided for optimizing the diamond distribution gradient of the diamond-impregnated drill bit and improving the exposure continuity and the drilling performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of diamond-encrusted drill bit production technology, and particularly relates to a device and method for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond-encrusted drill bit matrix particles. Background Technology

[0002] As drilling continues to advance into deeper and more complex formations, impregnated diamond drill bits are widely used due to their high efficiency and unique self-sharpening properties. Their rock-breaking mechanism involves small, hard diamond particles on the bottom lip being continuously pressed into the rock mass for rapid grinding. Simultaneously, during drilling, the drill bit's matrix wears down, constantly exposing new diamond particles for replacement. This mechanism allows impregnated diamond drill bits to maintain stable cutting efficiency while extending their service life.

[0003] In the traditional manufacturing process of impregnated diamond drill bits, a mechanical dry mixing method is commonly used to mix the diamond with the matrix powder before sintering. This conventional process mainly utilizes equipment such as a three-dimensional motion mixer to gently diffuse and mix the pre-alloyed matrix powder, diamond of a predetermined concentration and particle size, and a trace amount of lubricant for 20 minutes to 2 hours at a specific load. This process strictly avoids high-intensity shearing, aiming to achieve macroscopically uniform distribution while maximizing the protection of the diamond's angular integrity and strength.

[0004] For existing diamond tool uniform distribution technology, most of them adopt the overall pre-set pit and then fill it to form a single-layer diamond uniform distribution composite sheet, and then process it. However, this approach has the following disadvantages: (1) It is not suitable for the production of impregnated diamond drill bits: impregnated diamond drill bits require the presence of multiple layers of diamonds to ensure exposure. If multiple single-layer structures are stacked, it will lead to the need for greater pressure to press the diamonds completely into the matrix. This process will also lead to the damage of the diamonds or the generation of unnecessary and unfavorable gaps between the diamonds and the matrix, resulting in premature failure or detachment of the diamonds; (2) The diamond filling rate and accuracy are not perfect: Since the diamonds need to be accurately placed in the pre-set pits, this process not only requires the diamond "removal" process to be precise, but also the regularization of the processing of each pre-set pit, and the need for the diamonds to be lost as little as possible during the subsequent cold pressing process, which will lead to the phenomenon of not being filled or the diamonds being misplaced during the filling process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a device for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, comprising: A pressing module includes a base body, the top of which has multiple square loading slots arranged in an array; a lower tray that can move up and down is provided below the loading slots, and the upper surface of the lower tray has protrusions that correspond one-to-one with the loading slots; a slot ejector push rod is slidably provided on one side of the base body in the horizontal direction to eject excess body powder from the opening of the loading slots; and a pressure-bearing cover is provided on the top of the base body. A single diamond discharge module includes a module body with a positioning structure at its bottom that matches the loading slot array of the pressing module; a screening channel is provided inside the module body to accommodate diamond particles to be discharged; a screen plate is slidably installed inside the module body in the horizontal direction, and the screen plate has a discharge hole that communicates with the lower end of the screening channel.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the loading trough is a 9 cm × 9 cm square array with a total of 900 square holes and slots. The length and width of the holes and slots range from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, and the depth ranges from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the height of the screening channel is 1 mm and the diameter is 0.6 mm.

[0009] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, based on the aforementioned matrix particle preparation apparatus, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of carcass powder; Mix the carcass powder with the binder and stir until it becomes plastic; Step 2: Initial powder filling and positioning; Move the lower tray of the pressing module to the preset height, fill the pre-treated carcass powder into the loading trough, and scrape it level with the trough pusher; Step 3: Single diamond implantation; The single diamond discharge module is positioned and installed above the pressing module. Diamonds are added into the screening channel, and the screen is periodically pushed so that the single diamonds fall into the center of the corresponding loading tank one by one. Step 4: Secondary filling with powder; Fill the loading trough again with pretreated carcass powder until full, and level it with the trough-removing pusher. Step 5: Suppression; Cover the pressure cap, lift the tray from below to press the mixture in the loading tank, and release the pressure after maintaining the pressure. Step 6: Demolding and post-processing; Remove the pressure cap, pull out the ejector rod horizontally, and continue to lift the lower tray until the protruding column pushes out the formed square particles; collect the square particles and perform drying and degumming treatment in sequence.

[0010] In a further technical solution, in step 2, the preset height is set according to the target vertical position of the diamond in the final square particle, in order to control the thickness of the matrix powder initially filled in the loading tank.

[0011] In a further technical solution, in step 5, the lower tray is raised to a height of 0.9-1.1 times the preset particle height, which is the height of the loading trough minus the moving displacement, and this state is maintained for 1-2 minutes.

[0012] A further technical solution involves the following steps in step 6: placing the square particles in a vacuum drying oven and drying them at 60°C for 240 minutes, then placing the resulting square particles in a vacuum container to await degumming.

[0013] A further technical solution is that, in step 6, the specific steps for removing the adhesive are as follows: using a tubular atmosphere furnace set to 500°C, maintaining the flow of argon gas for 2 hours, adjusting the gas flow rate to 1 bubble per second, and after removing the adhesive, taking it out and letting it cool naturally.

[0014] The present invention provides an apparatus and method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, the beneficial effects of which are as follows: (1) High particle quality and no voids: The precise matching square hole groove and single-particle filler mechanism realize "one diamond per hole", which fundamentally eliminates the void phenomenon. The particles are regular in shape and stable in structure.

[0015] (2) Simplified process and improved efficiency: The traditional complex process of "multi-layer wrapping-multiple screening" is simplified into a one-step granulation method of "filling powder-discharging-filling powder-pressing". The number of steps is greatly reduced, and with the help of array molds (such as 900 granules at a time), the preparation efficiency is significantly improved.

[0016] (3) High material utilization and environmental protection: Excess carcass powder after filling can be collected and reused by push rod, avoiding the waste of powder in traditional screening process. At the same time, the amount of binder used is reduced due to the premixing process, which is beneficial for subsequent degumming.

[0017] (4) Strong controllability of diamond distribution: By adjusting the initial height of the lower tray, the vertical position of the diamond in the square particles can be actively and precisely controlled (three-dimensional position design), thereby forming an ideal diamond exposure gradient after the drill bit is sintered, and improving the continuity of the cutting edge.

[0018] (5) Facilitates subsequent processing and performance optimization: Square particles can achieve close packing, reducing gaps and deformation between particles during cold pressing, and better maintaining the designed distribution. Controllable diamond concentration and position provide unprecedented design freedom for the active optimization of drill bit performance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing module in a device for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single diamond discharge module in a quadrangular prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particle preparation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram: 1. Lower tray; 2. Loading trough; 3. Pressure cover; 4. Retraction push rod; 5. Screening plate; 6. Screening channel; 7. Module body. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, comprising: The pressing module includes a base body, the top of which has multiple square loading slots 2 arranged in an array; a lower tray 1 that can move up and down is provided below the loading slots 2, and the upper surface of the lower tray 1 has protrusions that correspond one-to-one with the loading slots 2; a slot removal push rod 4 is slidably provided on one side of the base body in the horizontal direction to push out excess body powder at the opening of the loading slots 2; and a pressure-bearing cover 3 is provided on the top of the base body. A single diamond discharge module includes a module body 7, the bottom of which is provided with a positioning structure that matches the loading groove array of the pressing module; the module body 7 is provided with a screening channel 6 inside, for accommodating diamond particles to be discharged; a screen plate 5 is slidably installed in the module body 7 along the horizontal direction, and the screen plate 5 is provided with a discharge hole that communicates with the lower end of the screening channel 6.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the matrix powder used is a Co-WC-based powder, and the binder is a PVA colloidal solution (concentration 5%). In use, the matrix powder and PVA colloidal solution are first mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1 and stirred until they are plastic. Then, the lower tray 1 is raised to half the depth of the groove filled by the protruding pillar (0.75 mm), the mixed matrix powder is filled in, and excess powder is pushed away. Next, the single-diamond discharge module is placed above the pressing module, diamonds are loaded, and the sieve plate 5 is periodically pushed to periodically align the discharge hole with the lower end of the screening channel 6, thereby achieving the drop of individual diamonds. The matrix powder is then filled again until full and leveled. Afterwards, the pressure cover 3 is placed, and the lower tray 1 is slowly lifted using a jack to compress the groove height to 1.35 mm (preset particle height 1.35 mm), and the pressure is maintained for 1 minute. Then, the pressing module is removed, the groove ejector rod 4 is pulled out, the lower tray 1 is lifted to push out the particles, and the square particles are collected. Finally, the square particles were placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60°C for 4 hours, and then placed in a tube furnace and degummed in an argon atmosphere at 500°C for 2 hours.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling trough is a square array of 2 x 9 cm x 9 cm, with a total of 900 square holes. The length and width of the holes range from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, and the depth ranges from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieving channel 6 has a height of 1 mm and a diameter of 0.6 mm, and is suitable for diamond particles of 40 to 45 mesh.

[0027] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, based on the above-described matrix particle preparation apparatus, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of carcass powder; Mix the carcass powder with the binder and stir until it becomes plastic; Step 2: Initial powder filling and positioning; Move the lower tray 1 of the pressing module to the preset height, fill the pre-treated carcass powder into the loading trough 2, and scrape it flat with the unloading push rod 4; Step 3: Single diamond implantation; The single diamond discharge module is positioned and installed above the pressing module. Diamonds are added into the screening channel. By periodically pushing the screen plate 5, the single diamonds fall one by one into the center of the corresponding loading tank 2. Step 4: Secondary filling with powder; Fill the loading trough 2 with pretreated carcass powder again until full, and scrape it level with the unloading pusher 4; Step 5: Suppression; Cover the pressure cap 3, lift the tray 1 from below to press the mixture in the loading tank 2, and release the pressure after maintaining the pressure. Step 6: Demolding and post-processing; Remove the pressure cap 3, pull out the groove push rod 4 horizontally, and continue to lift the lower tray 1 until the convex column pushes out the formed square particles; collect the square particles and perform drying and degumming treatment in sequence.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 2, the preset height is set according to the target vertical position of the diamond in the final square particle, so as to control the thickness of the matrix powder initially filled in the loading trough.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 5, the lower tray 1 is raised to a height of 0.9-1.1 times the preset particle height, which is the height of the loading trough 2 minus the moving displacement, and this state is maintained for 1-2 minutes.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps for drying in step 6 are as follows: the square particles are placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60°C for 240 minutes, and then the resulting square particles are placed in a vacuum tank to wait for degumming.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps for removing adhesive in step 6 are as follows: using a tubular atmosphere furnace set to 500°C, maintaining the flow of argon gas for 2 hours, adjusting the gas flow rate to 1 bubble per second, and removing the tube after adhesive removal to allow it to cool naturally.

[0032] The following are several specific embodiments to verify the effectiveness of this device.

[0033] Example 1: Preparation process of diamond single-encapsulated square particles use Figure 1 The pressing module shown consists of a lower tray 1, a loading groove 2, a pressure cover 3, and a groove ejector rod 4. The loading groove 2 is a square array of 9 cm × 9 cm with a total of 900 square holes and slots, each with a size of 1 mm × 1 mm × 1.5 mm (length × width × depth).

[0034] use Figure 2 The single-particle diamond discharge module shown has a screening channel 6 with a height of 1 mm and a diameter of 0.6 mm, which is suitable for diamond particles of 40 to 45 mesh.

[0035] The body powder is a Co-WC based powder, and the binder is a PVA colloidal solution (concentration 5%).

[0036] The diamond is a 40-45 mesh single-crystal synthetic diamond.

[0037] Working process: Step 1: Mix the carcass powder and PVA colloid at a mass ratio of 10:1 and stir until it is plastic.

[0038] Step 2: Raise the lower tray 1 to half the depth of the protruding column filling groove (0.75 mm), fill it with mixed carcass powder, and push away the excess powder.

[0039] Step 3: Place the single diamond discharge module above the pressing module, load the diamonds, and periodically push the sieve plate 5 to make the diamonds fall into the center of the slot one by one.

[0040] Step 4: Fill the container with fetal powder again until full, and smooth it out.

[0041] Step 5: Place the pressure cap 3, and use a jack to slowly lift the lower tray to compress the height of the slot to 1.35 mm (preset particle height 1.35 mm), and maintain the pressure for 1 minute.

[0042] Step 6: Remove the module, pull out the ejector rod 4, lift the lower tray 1 to push out the particles, and collect the square particles.

[0043] Step 7: Place the square granules in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 4 hours, then place them in a tube furnace at 500°C under an argon atmosphere to remove the adhesive for 2 hours.

[0044] The final prepared square particles are of uniform size, without any voids, and the diamond is located at the center of the particle. 900 particles can be prepared in a single batch, which is more efficient than the traditional rounding method. The particle structure is stable, suitable for subsequent cold pressing, and conducive to the uniform distribution and orderly exposure of the diamond in the drill bit.

[0045] Example 2: Preparation of square particles with adjustable diamond position; The pressing module structure used is the same as in Example 1, but the initial rising height of the lower tray 1 can be adjusted to three positions: 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.2 mm.

[0046] The diamond is 30 to 35 mesh, and the height and particle size of the sieve channel 6 can remain unchanged, so it is still applicable.

[0047] Work process: Step 1: Adjust the rising height of the lower tray 1 to 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.2 mm respectively, and repeat the powder filling, diamond dropping, and powder filling steps of Example 1.

[0048] Step 2: After pressing, three types of diamonds are obtained, located at the bottom, middle, and top of the particle.

[0049] Effects: It enables vertical positioning control of the diamond within the particles, thus creating a diamond exposure gradient after the drill bit is sintered. This facilitates continuous diamond exposure during drilling, reduces the formation of pure matrix layers, and improves drill bit life and drilling efficiency.

[0050] Example 3: Preparation of square particles with different diamond concentrations; Pressing modules with square slots of different sizes are used, with dimensions of 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm, and 1.2 mm × 1.2 mm respectively. The diamond mesh size is uniformly 40 to 45 mesh.

[0051] Work process: Step 1: Replace with a loading trough plate of the appropriate size.

[0052] Step 2: Perform powder filling and diamond placement operations according to different ratios of matrix powder and diamond.

[0053] Step 3: Press uniformly until the particle height is 90% of the pore depth.

[0054] Effects: By adjusting the orifice size and powder ratio, the diamond concentration can be controlled. The particle shape remains regular, suitable for different drilling formations with varying diamond concentration requirements, thus improving the flexibility of drill bit design.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles, characterized in that, include: A pressing module includes a base body, the top of which has multiple square loading slots arranged in an array; a lower tray that can move up and down is provided below the loading slots, and the upper surface of the lower tray has protrusions that correspond one-to-one with the loading slots; a slot ejector push rod is slidably provided on one side of the base body in the horizontal direction to eject excess body powder from the opening of the loading slots; and a pressure-bearing cover is provided on the top of the base body. A single diamond discharge module includes a module body with a positioning structure at its bottom that matches the loading slot array of the pressing module; a screening channel is provided inside the module body to accommodate diamond particles to be discharged; a screen plate is slidably installed inside the module body in the horizontal direction, and the screen plate has a discharge hole that communicates with the lower end of the screening channel.

2. The apparatus for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling trough is a 9 cm × 9 cm square array with a total of 900 square holes. The length and width of the holes range from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, and the depth ranges from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm.

3. The apparatus for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening channel has a height of 1 mm and a diameter of 0.6 mm.

4. A method for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond-bearing drill bit matrix particles, based on the apparatus for preparing quadrangular prism-shaped diamond-bearing drill bit matrix particles according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of carcass powder; Mix the carcass powder with the binder and stir until it becomes plastic; Step 2: Initial powder filling and positioning; Move the lower tray of the pressing module to the preset height, fill the pre-treated carcass powder into the loading trough, and scrape it level with the trough pusher; Step 3: Single diamond implantation; The single diamond discharge module is positioned and installed above the pressing module. Diamonds are added into the screening channel, and the screen is periodically pushed so that the single diamonds fall into the center of the corresponding loading tank one by one. Step 4: Secondary filling with powder; Fill the loading trough again with pretreated carcass powder until full, and level it with the trough-removing pusher. Step 5: Suppression; Cover the pressure cap, lift the tray from below to press the mixture in the loading tank, and release the pressure after maintaining the pressure. Step 6: Demolding and post-processing; Remove the pressure cap, pull out the ejector rod horizontally, and continue to lift the lower tray until the protruding column pushes out the formed square particles; collect the square particles and perform drying and degumming treatment in sequence.

5. The method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 2, the preset height is set according to the target vertical position of the diamond in the final square particle to control the thickness of the matrix powder initially filled in the loading tank.

6. The method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 5, the lower tray is raised to a height of 0.9-1.1 times the preset particle height, which is the height of the loading trough minus the moving displacement, and is maintained in this state for 1-2 minutes.

7. The method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 6, the specific steps for drying are as follows: place the square particles in a vacuum drying oven and dry at 60°C for 240 minutes, and then place the resulting square particles in a vacuum jar to wait for degumming.

8. The method for preparing tetragonal prism-shaped diamond drill bit matrix particles according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 6, the specific steps for removing the adhesive are as follows: using a tubular atmosphere furnace set to 500°C, argon gas is introduced for 2 hours, and the gas flow rate is adjusted to 1 bubble per second. After removing the adhesive, the tube is removed and allowed to cool naturally.

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