Efficient oil-soluble asphalt dispersant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient oil-soluble asphalt dispersant. The dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 15-25 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 8-15 parts of organic amine, 30-50 parts of an aromatic solvent and 1-3 parts of an antioxidant. The oil-soluble asphalt dispersant disclosed by the invention has excellent dispersing performance, so that asphaltene can be uniformly dispersed in an oil phase, and deposition and aggregation of the asphaltene are effectively prevented; 2, the heat stability and the chemical stability are good, and a good dispersion effect can still be kept in a high-temperature, high-pressure and complex chemical environment; the preparation method is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, cost is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production; the method has wide adaptability to petroleum with different sources and properties, and can meet diversified industrial requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dispersant technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Asphaltene is a dark brown to black solid amorphous substance. It is the heaviest and most polar component of petroleum. There are many forces between asphaltene, such as π-π interactions between aromatic nuclei, acid-base interactions between heteroatoms, hydrogen bonding, and charge transfer interactions between metallic elements. Due to the existence of these forces, asphaltene has a strong tendency to self-associate.

[0003] In the petroleum industry, the deposition and aggregation of asphaltene is a common and serious problem. Asphaltene has poor solubility in oil, easily leading to adverse consequences such as pipeline blockage, equipment wear, and deterioration of oil quality. To solve this problem, the development of efficient asphalt dispersants is crucial.

[0004] Traditional asphaltene dispersants are generally divided into two categories: one is composed of conventional surfactants and solvents; the other is formed by chemically modifying polar groups. However, asphaltene dispersants composed of conventional surfactants and solvents usually require a large dosage to achieve the desired dispersion of asphaltene, and subsequent demulsification and dehydration treatment is necessary. Asphaltene dispersants formed by chemically modifying polar groups typically adsorb onto the side chains of asphaltene molecules, making complete deassociation of asphaltene difficult, resulting in unsatisfactory dispersion. Currently available asphalt dispersants have certain limitations in terms of dispersion effect, adaptability, and stability, and cannot fully meet the needs of actual production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant is proposed to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 15-25 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 8-15 parts of organic amine, 30-50 parts of aromatic solvent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene and styrene.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0010] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, the method specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat simultaneously, and react for 3-5 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 4-6 hours to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 2-3 hours to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the temperature is raised to 80-100℃ in step 1.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention: in step 2, the temperature during the continued reaction is 120-150℃.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the stirring temperature in step 3 is 80-100℃.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the mass fraction ratio of the asphalt dispersant to the oil is 0.01-0.1:100.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The oil-soluble asphalt dispersant of this invention has the following characteristics: First, it has excellent dispersing properties, enabling asphaltene to be uniformly dispersed in the oil phase and effectively preventing its deposition and aggregation; second, it has good thermal and chemical stability, maintaining good dispersion effect even under high temperature, high pressure and complex chemical environments; third, the preparation method is simple, the raw materials are readily available, the cost is low, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production; it has broad adaptability to petroleum of different sources and properties, and can meet diverse industrial needs.

[0016] The oil-soluble asphalt dispersant prepared according to this invention was added to petroleum samples containing asphaltene, and the dispersion effect and stability of asphaltene were determined according to standard testing methods. The test results show that the oil-soluble asphalt dispersant of this invention can significantly improve the dispersibility and stability of asphaltene, which is superior to similar products in the prior art. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0018] A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 20 parts polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 15 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 8 parts organic amine, 30 parts aromatic solvent, and 1 part antioxidant.

[0019] The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine; the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, or styrene; and the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0020] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat to 80°C, react for 5 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 6 hours at a temperature of 120°C to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 3 hours at a temperature of 80°C to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant. Example 2

[0021] A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 30 parts polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 25 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 15 parts organic amine, 50 parts aromatic solvent, and 3 parts antioxidant.

[0022] The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine; the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, or styrene; and the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0023] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat to 100°C, react for 5 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 6 hours at a temperature of 150°C to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 3 hours at a temperature of 100°C to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant. Example 3

[0024] A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 25 parts polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 20 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 12 parts organic amine, 40 parts aromatic solvent, and 2 parts antioxidant.

[0025] The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine; the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, or styrene; and the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0026] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat to 90°C, react for 4 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 5 hours at a temperature of 140°C to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 2.5 hours at a temperature of 90°C to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant. Example 4

[0027] A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 22 parts polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 17 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 9 parts organic amine, 35 parts aromatic solvent, and 1 part antioxidant.

[0028] The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine; the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, or styrene; and the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0029] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat to 85°C, react for 4 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 4 hours at a temperature of 125°C to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 2 hours at a temperature of 85°C to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant. Example 5

[0030] A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, wherein the dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 28 parts polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 23 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 13 parts organic amine, 45 parts aromatic solvent, and 2 parts antioxidant.

[0031] The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine; the aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, or styrene; and the antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0032] A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat to 95°C, react for 3 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 4 hours at a temperature of 145°C to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 2 hours at a temperature of 95°C to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant, characterized in that: The dispersant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 15-25 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 8-15 parts of organic amine, 30-50 parts of aromatic solvent, and 1-3 parts of antioxidant.

2. The high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic amine is one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine.

3. The high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aromatic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, and styrene.

4. The high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is one or more of diphenylamine, p-phenylenediamine, and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

5. A method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The preparation method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Add polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the reaction vessel, stir and heat simultaneously, and react for 3-5 hours to obtain intermediate product A; Step 2: Add organic amine to the reaction vessel and continue the reaction for 4-6 hours to obtain intermediate product B; Step 3: Add aromatic solvent and antioxidant to the reaction vessel and stir for 2-3 hours to obtain the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1, the temperature is raised to 80-100℃.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 2, the temperature during the continued reaction is 120-150℃.

8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring temperature in step 3 is 80-100℃.

9. The application of the high-efficiency oil-soluble asphalt dispersant according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the asphalt dispersant to the oil is 0.01-0.1:100.