Photonic crystal structure color film and preparation method and application thereof
By self-assembling photonic crystal structure color films through capillary action and bonding them to fabrics using highly elastic materials, the problem of limited color change in photonic crystal structure color fabrics during stretching has been solved, realizing environmentally friendly dynamic color changes and wide applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing photonic crystal structure colored fabrics cannot cover a wider range of color changes when stretched, and the use of high-boiling-point co-solvents and adhesives in the preparation process has a negative impact on the environment and optical performance, with limited flexibility and color performance.
The liquid photonic crystal is penetrated into the gaps of the glass slide by capillary action to form a photonic crystal structure color film. The high elasticity of materials such as poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate is used to achieve self-adhesive bonding to the fabric, avoiding the use of high-boiling-point solvents and adhesives.
The dynamic color change of photonic crystal structure colored fabric during stretching was realized, covering the entire visible spectrum. It has good mechanical color change response and softness, is environmentally friendly and low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale preparation.
Smart Images
Figure CN121652431A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thin film technology, and relates to a photonic crystal structure color film, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] In the traditional textile printing and dyeing industry, the coloring of fabrics is mainly achieved by introducing dyes. Since the color of dyes comes from the absorption of light by chemical substances, it can be called chemical dyeing, and fabrics obtained through chemical dyeing are usually called colored fabrics.
[0003] Traditional colored fabrics typically have fixed colors and cannot change color according to stress conditions, which limits their application in fashion design and other fields.
[0004] Photonic crystal materials are optical materials with periodic micro / nano structures, inspired by natural materials such as butterfly wings and bird feathers. These periodic micro / nano structures coherently interfere with light, thus giving photonic crystal materials structural colors. Inspired by natural opal photonic crystal materials, the self-assembly of colloidal particles has become one of the simplest methods for preparing photonic crystal materials.
[0005] Photonic crystal structured color films are thin film materials with periodic nanostructures, typically prepared by dispersing colloidal particles in an elastic polymer. Compared to traditional photonic crystal structure materials, photonic crystal structured color films exhibit greater flexibility, adapting to curved surfaces, bent surfaces, and even elastically deformable substrates. They hold broad application prospects in flexible electronics, fabric coloring, and other fields, making the research of photonic crystal structured color films, their preparation methods, and applications of significant importance.
[0006] Currently, existing technologies generally involve first preparing a liquid photonic crystal using silica nanospheres, photocurable monomers, and a co-solvent with a high boiling point and high dielectric constant, then preparing a photonic crystal structure color film using the liquid photonic crystal, and finally using an adhesive to composite the photonic crystal structure color film and the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric.
[0007] For example, the technical solution in the literature (Preparation and performance of flexible structural color-forming film based on liquid photonic crystal immobilization [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(12):1-7. DOI:10.13475 / j.fzxb.20220301907.) is to prepare a structural color-forming film from the liquid photonic crystal, and then hot-press the structural color-forming film with polyester / spandex fabric using hot melt adhesive to obtain a flexible structural color-forming fabric.
[0008] However, the shortcomings and deficiencies of this technical solution are: (1) the removal of high-boiling-point co-solvents is troublesome and may have potential environmental impacts, which is not conducive to environmental protection; (2) the adhesive may have a negative impact on the optical performance of the photonic crystal structure color film; (3) the photonic crystal structure color fabric fixed by hot melt adhesive has a fixed structural size, poor elasticity, and cannot quickly adjust its internal structure to respond to changes in external force. It can only reflect light of a specific wavelength and produce a specific color, rather than covering the entire spectrum range. Therefore, it is impossible to achieve a wider range of color changes when the photonic crystal structure color fabric is stretched, which limits the diversity and flexibility of the color performance of the photonic crystal structure color fabric; (4) the use of hot melt adhesive will lead to a decrease in the flexibility of the fabric.
[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a photonic crystal structure color film that enables photonic crystal structure colored fabrics to cover a wider range of color changes when stretched. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a photonic crystal structure color film, its preparation method and application.
[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0012] A method for preparing a photonic crystal structured color film involves uniformly mixing silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator, and ethanol, evaporating and removing the ethanol to obtain a liquid photonic crystal, then using capillary action to permeate the liquid photonic crystal into the gap formed by two glass slides, followed by photocuring to obtain the photonic crystal structured color film.
[0013] This invention utilizes capillary action to permeate liquid photonic crystals into the gap formed by two glass slides. Due to capillary action, the liquid photonic crystals can be uniformly dispersed within the gap and self-assemble to form a long-range ordered photonic crystal structure. The advantage of this method is that it allows for more precise control of the film thickness, ensuring uniform and controllable thickness. Simultaneously, because the liquid photonic crystals naturally diffuse and self-assemble within the gap, air bubbles are less likely to form inside the film, thus avoiding interference from air bubbles on the photonic crystal structure. Furthermore, this method also contributes to achieving uniform film color, as the ordered structure of the photonic crystals can uniformly reflect light, producing a consistent color effect.
[0014] Existing technologies for preparing liquid photonic crystals generally require the addition of high-boiling-point and high-dielectric-constant co-solvents. Without these co-solvents, or with co-solvents of low dielectric constant, silica nanospheres cannot form pre-crystallized crystals. This invention, however, can prepare liquid photonic crystals without the need for co-solvents. This is because the poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate used in this invention is itself a high-boiling-point and high-dielectric-constant material. It can ionize the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the silica nanospheres, generating electrostatic repulsion between the nanospheres. Under the balance of electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction, the silica nanospheres spontaneously and orderly arrange themselves to form a pre-crystallized liquid photonic crystal, producing vibrant structural colors.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution:
[0016] As described above, in the method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, Teflon (FEP) tape is applied to the opposing surfaces of two glass slides. This tape is chemically inert, which not only prevents chemical reactions with the photonic crystal material, but also effectively allows the film to be easily detached from the glass slides, thereby ensuring the integrity of the photonic crystal film and the quality of its self-assembly.
[0017] In the preparation method of the photonic crystal structure color film as described above, in the mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol, the volume content of silica is 30-50%, the volume content of poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate is 50-70%, and the mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate is 1:1000.
[0018] In the method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film as described above, the average particle size of the silica nanospheres is 150~218nm, and the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone.
[0019] The preparation method of the photonic crystal structure color film as described above, the preparation process of the liquid photonic crystal is as follows: after mixing silica nanospheres with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol are added to the mixture, and the mixture is dispersed evenly by an ultrasonic machine (ultrasonic power of 80~200W, time of 30~60min) to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution is then dried (drying temperature of 80℃, time of 2~4h) to obtain the liquid photonic crystal.
[0020] In the method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film as described above, the width of the gap formed by the two glass slides is 30~180μm.
[0021] The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film as described above, which utilizes capillary action to penetrate liquid photonic crystal into the gap formed by two glass slides, specifically refers to: after placing tin foil on both sides of the narrow edge of a horizontally arranged glass slide, another glass slide is placed on top of the tin foil, forming a gap between the two glass slides, and liquid photonic crystal is dropped onto one end of the gap.
[0022] As described above, the method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film involves photocuring, which involves irradiating the glass slide with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 10-20cm above the slide for 20-30s.
[0023] The present invention also provides a photonic crystal structure color film prepared by the method described in any one of the preceding claims, which has a uniform thickness, an average thickness of 89.18 μm, and a standard deviation of 5.20 μm.
[0024] The present invention also provides an application of a photonic crystal structure color film as described in any of the preceding claims. After coating the surface of a fabric with PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) until the surface of the fabric is smooth, the self-adhesive property of the photonic crystal structure color film is used to attach it to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric. The smoother the surface of the fabric, the more conducive it is to the adhesion of the photonic crystal structure color film.
[0025] In existing technologies, adhesives are typically used between the photonic crystal structure color film and the fabric to achieve lamination. In this invention, the photonic crystal structure color film itself is self-adhesive, making it easier to apply to fabrics of various shapes and types. This expands its application potential in fields such as smart textiles and high-performance clothing, reduces production costs and potential environmental impact, and also avoids the negative impact of adhesives on the optical performance of the photonic crystal.
[0026] As a preferred technical solution:
[0027] As described above, the specific process for coating the fabric surface with PDMS to achieve a smooth surface is as follows: After uniformly mixing PDMS and curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain a coating solution, vacuum is applied until the air bubbles disappear. Then, using a brush, small amounts of the coating solution are repeatedly applied evenly to the fabric surface until the coating amount reaches 30-40 g / m². 2 Then, dry them in a 70℃ oven for 2 hours.
[0028] As described above, the fabric is spandex fabric.
[0029] Existing photonic crystal structure colored fabrics, due to limitations imposed by their structure and material physics, often struggle to achieve color variations across the entire visible spectrum. This limitation stems primarily from the following aspects:
[0030] First, there are limitations imposed by existing technology. Specifically, traditional photonic crystals suffer from fixed structural dimensions. Once the dimensions and arrangement of these structures are determined during manufacturing, they cannot be easily altered. This fixed structure dictates that photonic crystals can only reflect light of specific wavelengths, thus producing specific colors. Therefore, unless the physical structure itself undergoes a substantial change, these photonic crystals cannot adjust their color according to external stimuli.
[0031] Secondly, the limited elasticity of the materials is also a limiting factor. Most traditional photonic crystals use materials whose structural changes are insufficient to cause significant color changes when stretched or deformed. This means that despite the application of external force, the photonic crystal cannot effectively adjust its internal structure to respond to such changes due to the limitations of the material's elasticity, thus failing to achieve full-spectrum color variation.
[0032] Finally, even when some photonic crystals are designed to respond to changes in external forces, their color variation range is often very limited. The color changes of these photonic crystals are typically confined to a specific region of the visible spectrum, rather than covering the entire spectrum. This further limits the diversity and flexibility in color representation of photonic crystal structured fabrics.
[0033] The photonic crystal structure fabric of this invention uses highly elastic materials (poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, PDMS, spandex, etc.). These materials can effectively change their structural dimensions and periodicity when stretched, thereby affecting the wavelength of the reflected light. This material property allows the fabric to cover a wider range of color variations when stretched.
[0034] Beneficial effects:
[0035] (1) The color film of the photonic crystal structure of the present invention has bright colors, good mechanical color change response and flexibility, and can change color rapidly and reversibly when stretched or compressed. It can display dynamic color changes, has a wide color control range, and realize color changes in the entire visible spectrum.
[0036] (2) The photonic crystal structure color film of the present invention has excellent adhesion. There will be no peeling or breakage between the fabric and the photonic crystal structure color film. The photonic crystal structure color film and the fabric can be stretched or compressed synchronously. The photonic crystal structure color fabric is not easy to fade.
[0037] (3) In the preparation of photonic crystal structure color film, the present invention does not require the addition of chemical dyes and high-boiling-point co-solvents, and there is no adhesive between the photonic crystal structure color film and the fabric, which is beneficial to environmental protection.
[0038] (4) The present invention uses capillary action in the preparation of photonic crystal structure color film, which makes the photonic crystal structure color film easy to form, with simple steps, low cost, and suitable for large-scale preparation.
[0039] (5) The photonic crystal structure color film and photonic crystal structure color fabric of the present invention have good water resistance, high temperature resistance and wear resistance. Attached Figure Description
[0040] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the silica nanospheres used in Example 1A of the present invention (the scale bar in the image is 2μm, which represents the total length of 10 grids).
[0041] Figure 2 This is a digital photograph of the photonic crystal structure color film of Embodiment 1A of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the photonic crystal structure color film of Embodiment 1A of the present invention (the scale bar in the figure is 5μm, which is the total length of 10 grids, and the arrows in the figure represent the edges of the photonic crystal structure color film).
[0043] Figure 4 This is a thickness distribution diagram of the photonic crystal structure color film in Embodiment 1A of the present invention (n in the figure is the total number of photonic crystal structure color films).
[0044] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the thickness of the photonic crystal structure color film in Embodiment 1A of the present invention (the scale bar in the figure is 1mm, which represents the total length of 10 grids).
[0045] Figure 6 This is a SEM image of the smooth-surfaced fabric of Embodiment 1B of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 7 These are color and black-and-white digital photographs of the photonic crystal structure fabric in Embodiment 1B of the present invention during relaxation.
[0047] Figure 8 These are digital photographs of partial color changes of the photonic crystal structure colored fabric in Embodiment 1B of the present invention when stretched by 0-52%.
[0048] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the change in reflected light wavelength of the photonic crystal structure colored fabric in Embodiment 1B of the present invention during stretching;
[0049] Figure 10 This is the reflection spectrum of the photonic crystal structure color film in Embodiment 4A of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
[0051] The following are the test methods for the relevant performance indicators in each embodiment and comparative example:
[0052] Wavelength characterization of reflected light: The sample was placed on the stage below the light source of the 200-DH spectrometer (manufactured by Shanghai Fuxiang Co., Ltd.), and a 100x objective lens was selected. The wavelength range of the reflected light corresponding to the sample was measured, and the visible light range of 380~780 nm was intercepted to obtain the reflectance spectrum of the sample.
[0053] Example 1A
[0054] A method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, the specific steps of which are as follows:
[0055] (1) Raw material preparation;
[0056] Silica nanospheres: average particle size 196 nm, such as Figure 1 As shown;
[0057] Poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate: Manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Brand No.: 1003682947;
[0058] Photoinitiator: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone;
[0059] Ethanol: Anhydrous ethanol;
[0060] Tin foil: 15μm thick;
[0061] Glass slide: One side is covered with Teflon tape, which is called side A;
[0062] (2) Preparation of liquid photonic crystals;
[0063] After mixing silica nanospheres with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol were added, and the mixture was dispersed evenly using an ultrasonic machine at a power of 80W for 60 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then dried at 80℃ for 2 hours to allow all the ethanol to evaporate, thus obtaining a liquid photonic crystal.
[0064] The mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol has a volume content of 30% for silica, a volume content of 70% for poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, and a mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate of 1:1000.
[0065] (3) Fabrication of photonic crystal structure color films;
[0066] Tin foil is placed on both sides of the narrow edge of side A of a horizontally arranged glass slide. Side A of another glass slide is placed on top of the tin foil, forming a gap between the two slides. Liquid photonic crystal is dropped into one end of the gap using a dropper. The liquid photonic crystal penetrates into the gap formed by the two slides through capillary action. The width of the gap (i.e., the distance between the two slides) is 90 μm (which is equal to the total thickness of 6 layers of tin foil). The liquid photonic crystal will be uniformly dispersed in the gap and self-assemble to form a long-range ordered photonic crystal. The slide is then photocured by irradiating it with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 15 cm above the slide for 20 seconds. The cured material is then separated from the slide to obtain the photonic crystal structure color film.
[0067] The final photonic crystal structure color film produced reflected light with a wavelength of 597.5 nm and a bright red color, free of bubbles, as shown. Figure 2 As shown; the thickness is uniform, as... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown; the average thickness is 89.18 μm, and the standard deviation is 5.20 μm. Figure 4 As shown.
[0068] Example 1B
[0069] The application of a photonic crystal structure color film involves the following specific steps:
[0070] (a) Raw material preparation;
[0071] PDMS: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Product Code: H047M5M035;
[0072] Curing agent: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Brand: H047NA4013;
[0073] Fabric: Spandex fabric, 2mm thick, manufactured by Yunyun Fabric Wholesale Store on Taobao.
[0074] Photonic crystal structure color film: provided in Example 1A;
[0075] (b) Surface smoothing treatment of the fabric;
[0076] Mix PDMS and curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1 using a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform coating solution. Due to the generation of numerous bubbles during stirring, a vacuum was applied until the bubbles disappeared. Cut the fabric to a length of 8 cm and a width of 2 cm and place it in a petri dish. Use a brush to apply small amounts of the coating solution evenly to the fabric surface multiple times until the coating amount reaches 35 g / m². 2 Then, it is placed in a 70℃ oven and dried for 2 hours to obtain a fabric with a smooth surface, such as... Figure 6 As shown;
[0077] (c) Application of photonic crystal structure color film fabric;
[0078] By utilizing the self-adhesive properties of the photonic crystal structure color film, the photonic crystal structure color film is applied to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric.
[0079] The final photonic crystal structure fabric produced is a bright red color when relaxed, such as... Figure 7 The color photograph shown here exhibits a gradual color change from red to blue during stretching, with some colors appearing as shown in the image. Figure 8 As shown, the wavelength of the reflected light during stretching is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, dynamic changes in multiple bands of the visible spectrum were realized.
[0080] Comparative Example 1A
[0081] A method for preparing a photonic crystal film differs from Example 1A only in that step (3) does not utilize capillary action. That is, after placing tin foil on both sides of the narrow edge of the A side of a horizontally arranged glass slide, liquid photonic crystal is added, and then the A side of another glass slide is covered on the tin foil.
[0082] The photonic crystal film prepared in Comparative Example 1A was an uneven red color, and a large number of tiny bubbles appeared in the photonic crystal film.
[0083] Comparative Example 1B
[0084] The application of a photonic crystal film differs from that of Example 1B only in that the photonic crystal structure color film uses the photonic crystal film provided in Comparative Example 1A.
[0085] The fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1B exhibits good softness and flexibility throughout the entire film, but remains red both during relaxation and stretching, displaying a uniform color without dynamic color change. This is because during the preparation of the photonic crystal film, after liquid photonic crystals are dropped onto the glass slide, they rapidly spread out. On one hand, the liquid photonic crystals cannot rely on capillary action to self-assemble and form long-range ordered photonic crystals. On the other hand, a large number of microbubbles appear in the photonic crystal film, affecting the consistency of the film's microstructure and making it impossible to effectively change its structural dimensions and periodicity when stretched.
[0086] Example 2A
[0087] A method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, the specific steps of which are as follows:
[0088] (1) Raw material preparation;
[0089] Silica nanospheres: average particle size is 170 nm;
[0090] Poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate: Manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Brand No.: 1003682947;
[0091] Photoinitiator: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone;
[0092] Ethanol: Anhydrous ethanol;
[0093] Tin foil: 15μm thick;
[0094] Glass slide: One side is covered with Teflon tape, which is called side A;
[0095] (2) Preparation of liquid photonic crystals;
[0096] After mixing silica nanospheres with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol were added, and the mixture was dispersed evenly using an ultrasonic machine at a power of 200W for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then dried at 80℃ for 3 hours to allow all the ethanol to evaporate, thus obtaining a liquid photonic crystal.
[0097] The mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol has a volume content of 40% for silica, a volume content of 60% for poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, and a mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate of 1:1000.
[0098] (3) Fabrication of photonic crystal structure color films;
[0099] Tin foil is placed on both sides of the narrow edge of side A of a horizontally arranged glass slide. Side A of another glass slide is placed on top of the tin foil, forming a gap between the two slides. Liquid photonic crystal is dropped into one end of the gap using a dropper. The liquid photonic crystal penetrates into the gap formed by the two slides through capillary action. The width of the gap formed by the two slides is 90 μm (which is equal to the total thickness of 6 layers of tin foil). The liquid photonic crystal will be evenly dispersed in the gap and self-assemble to form a long-range ordered photonic crystal. The slide is then photocured by irradiating it with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 15 cm above the slide for 20 seconds. The cured material is then separated from the slide to obtain the photonic crystal structure color film.
[0100] The final photonic crystal structure color film has a reflected light wavelength of 540nm, a bright green color, no bubbles, and uniform thickness.
[0101] Example 2B
[0102] The application of a photonic crystal structure color film involves the following specific steps:
[0103] (a) Raw material preparation;
[0104] PDMS: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Product Code: H047M5M035;
[0105] Curing agent: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Brand: H047NA4013;
[0106] Fabric: Spandex fabric, 2mm thick, manufactured by Yunyun Fabric Wholesale Store on Taobao.
[0107] Photonic crystal structure color film: provided in Example 2A;
[0108] (b) Surface smoothing treatment of the fabric;
[0109] Mix PDMS and curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1 using a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform coating solution. Since many bubbles are generated during stirring, vacuum the mixture until the bubbles disappear. Cut the fabric to a length of 8 cm and a width of 2 cm and place it in a petri dish. Use a brush to apply small amounts of the coating solution evenly to the fabric surface multiple times until the coating amount reaches 40 g / m². 2 Then, it is placed in a 70℃ oven and dried for 2 hours to obtain a fabric with a smooth surface;
[0110] (c) Application of photonic crystal structure color film fabric;
[0111] By utilizing the self-adhesive properties of the photonic crystal structure color film, the photonic crystal structure color film is applied to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric.
[0112] The resulting photonic crystal structure fabric is a bright green when relaxed and gradually changes from green to blue when stretched, achieving dynamic changes in multiple bands of the visible spectrum.
[0113] Example 3A
[0114] A method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, the specific steps of which are as follows:
[0115] (1) Raw material preparation;
[0116] Silica nanospheres: average particle size is 150 nm;
[0117] Poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate: Manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Brand No.: 1003682947;
[0118] Photoinitiator: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone;
[0119] Ethanol: Anhydrous ethanol;
[0120] Tin foil: 15μm thick;
[0121] Glass slide: One side is covered with Teflon tape, which is called side A;
[0122] (2) Preparation of liquid photonic crystals;
[0123] After mixing silica nanospheres with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol were added, and the mixture was dispersed evenly using an ultrasonic machine at a power of 100W for 50 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then dried at 80℃ for 2.5 seconds to allow all the ethanol to evaporate, thus obtaining a liquid photonic crystal.
[0124] The mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol has a volume content of 30% for silica, a volume content of 70% for poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, and a mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate of 1:1000.
[0125] (3) Fabrication of photonic crystal structure color films;
[0126] Tin foil is placed on both sides of the narrow edge of side A of a horizontally arranged glass slide. Side A of another glass slide is placed on top of the tin foil, forming a gap between the two slides. Liquid photonic crystal is dropped into one end of the gap using a dropper. The liquid photonic crystal penetrates into the gap formed by the two slides through capillary action. The width of the gap formed by the two slides is 30 μm (which is equal to the total thickness of the two layers of tin foil). The liquid photonic crystal will be evenly dispersed in the gap and self-assemble to form a long-range ordered photonic crystal. The slide is then photocured by irradiating it with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 10 cm above the slide for 30 seconds. The cured material is then separated from the slide to obtain the photonic crystal structure color film.
[0127] The final photonic crystal structure color film has a reflected light wavelength of 500nm, a bright green color, no bubbles, and uniform thickness.
[0128] Example 3B
[0129] The application of a photonic crystal structure color film involves the following specific steps:
[0130] (a) Raw material preparation;
[0131] PDMS: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Product Code: H047M5M035;
[0132] Curing agent: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Brand: H047NA4013;
[0133] Fabric: Spandex fabric, 2mm thick, manufactured by Yunyun Fabric Wholesale Store on Taobao.
[0134] Photonic crystal structure color film: Provided in Example 3A;
[0135] (b) Surface smoothing treatment of the fabric;
[0136] Mix PDMS and curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1 using a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform coating solution. Due to the generation of numerous bubbles during stirring, a vacuum was applied until the bubbles disappeared. Cut the fabric to a length of 8 cm and a width of 2 cm and place it in a petri dish. Use a brush to apply small amounts of the coating solution evenly to the fabric surface multiple times until the coating amount reaches 35 g / m². 2 Then, it is placed in a 70℃ oven and dried for 2 hours to obtain a fabric with a smooth surface;
[0137] (c) Application of photonic crystal structure color film fabric;
[0138] By utilizing the self-adhesive properties of the photonic crystal structure color film, the photonic crystal structure color film is applied to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric.
[0139] The resulting photonic crystal structure fabric is a bright green when relaxed and changes dynamically from green to blue when stretched, achieving dynamic changes in multiple bands of the visible spectrum.
[0140] Example 4A
[0141] A method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, the specific steps of which are as follows:
[0142] (1) Raw material preparation;
[0143] Silica nanospheres: average particle size is 218 nm;
[0144] Poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate: Manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Brand No.: 1003682947;
[0145] Photoinitiator: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone;
[0146] Ethanol: Anhydrous ethanol;
[0147] Tin foil: 15μm thick;
[0148] Glass slide: One side is covered with Teflon tape, which is called side A;
[0149] (2) Preparation of liquid photonic crystals;
[0150] After mixing silica nanospheres with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol were added, and the mixture was dispersed evenly using an ultrasonic machine at a power of 150W for 40 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then dried at 80℃ for 4 hours to allow all the ethanol to evaporate, thus obtaining a liquid photonic crystal.
[0151] The mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol has a volume content of 50% silica, a volume content of 50% poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, and a mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate of 1:1000.
[0152] (3) Fabrication of photonic crystal structure color films;
[0153] Tin foil is placed on both sides of the narrow edge of side A of a horizontally arranged glass slide. Side A of another glass slide is placed on top of the tin foil, forming a gap between the two slides. Liquid photonic crystal is dropped into one end of the gap using a dropper. The liquid photonic crystal penetrates into the gap formed by the two slides through capillary action. The width of the gap formed by the two slides is 180 μm (which is equal to the total thickness of 12 layers of tin foil). The liquid photonic crystal will be evenly dispersed in the gap and self-assemble to form a long-range ordered photonic crystal. The slide is then photocured by irradiating it with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 20 cm above the slide for 20 seconds. The cured material is then separated from the slide to obtain the photonic crystal structure color film.
[0154] The final photonic crystal structure color film has a reflected light wavelength of 687 nm, and its reflection spectrum is as follows: Figure 10 As shown; the color is a bright red, there are no bubbles, and the thickness is uniform.
[0155] Example 4B
[0156] The application of a photonic crystal structure color film involves the following specific steps:
[0157] (a) Raw material preparation;
[0158] PDMS: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Product Code: H047M5M035;
[0159] Curing agent: Manufacturer: Dow Chemical, Brand: H047NA4013;
[0160] Fabric: Spandex fabric, 2mm thick, manufactured by Yunyun Fabric Wholesale Store on Taobao.
[0161] Photonic crystal structure color film: Provided in Example 4A;
[0162] (b) Surface smoothing treatment of the fabric;
[0163] Mix PDMS and curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1 using a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm for 3 minutes to obtain a uniform coating solution. Since many bubbles are generated during stirring, vacuum the mixture until the bubbles disappear. Cut the fabric to a length of 8 cm and a width of 2 cm and place it in a petri dish. Use a brush to apply small amounts of the coating solution evenly to the fabric surface multiple times until the coating amount reaches 30 g / m². 2 Then, it is placed in a 70℃ oven and dried for 2 hours to obtain a fabric with a smooth surface;
[0164] (c) Application of photonic crystal structure color film fabric;
[0165] By utilizing the self-adhesive properties of the photonic crystal structure color film, the photonic crystal structure color film is applied to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain a photonic crystal structure color fabric.
[0166] The resulting photonic crystal structure fabric is a bright red when relaxed and gradually changes from red to blue when stretched, achieving dynamic changes in multiple bands of the visible spectrum.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film, characterized in that, After uniformly mixing silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol, the ethanol is evaporated to remove the liquid photonic crystal. Then, the liquid photonic crystal is penetrated into the gap formed by two glass slides by capillary action and photocured to obtain the photonic crystal structure color film.
2. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, Teflon tape was applied to the opposite surfaces of the two glass slides.
3. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixture of silica nanospheres, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, photoinitiator and ethanol contains silica at a volume content of 30-50%, poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate at a volume content of 50-70%, and the mass ratio of photoinitiator to poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate is 1:1000.
4. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average particle size of the silica nanospheres is 150~218 nm, and the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone.
5. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of liquid photonic crystal is as follows: silica nanospheres are mixed with poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate, a photoinitiator and ethanol are added, the mixture is dispersed evenly by an ultrasonic machine to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is dried to obtain liquid photonic crystal.
6. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the slit formed by the two glass slides is 30~180μm.
7. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using capillary action to penetrate liquid photonic crystals into the gap between two glass slides specifically refers to: placing tin foil on both sides of the narrow edge of a horizontally arranged glass slide, then covering the tin foil with another glass slide, forming a gap between the two glass slides, and dripping liquid photonic crystals onto one end of the gap.
8. The method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to claim 1, characterized in that, Photocuring involves irradiating the slide with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp at a distance of 10-20cm above it for 20-30 seconds.
9. A photonic crystal structure color film prepared by the method for preparing a photonic crystal structure color film according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The thickness is uniform, with an average thickness of 89.18 μm and a standard deviation of 5.20 μm.
10. The application of a photonic crystal structure color film as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, After coating the surface of the fabric with PDMS until the surface of the fabric is smooth, the self-adhesive properties of the photonic crystal structure color film are used to attach it to the smooth surface of the fabric to obtain the photonic crystal structure color fabric.