Variable-temperature deodorization and deacidification equipment and method for diacylglycerol-rich grease

Abstract

The invention provides diacylglycerol-rich grease variable-temperature deodorization and deacidification equipment and a diacylglycerol-rich grease variable-temperature deodorization and deacidification method. The equipment comprises a tower body, and a low-temperature section, a heat exchange section and a high-temperature section are sequentially arranged in the tower body from bottom to top; the low-temperature section comprises a low-temperature packing layer and multiple layers of heating assemblies which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, an oil inlet assembly is arranged above the low-temperature packing layer, a conical dispersion plate is arranged below the low-temperature packing layer, and the multiple layers of heating assemblies comprise large heating discs and small heating discs which are sequentially and alternately arranged from top to bottom; the edge of the small heating disc and the inner wall of the tower body are provided with an annular liquid outlet channel; the edge of the large heating disc is hermetically fixed with the inner wall of the tower body, a liquid outlet hole is formed in the middle of the large heating disc, and a low-temperature direct gas pipeline is fixed at the lower end of the large heating disc and is provided with a downward gas outlet hole. The high-temperature section, the heat exchange section and the low-temperature section are integrated in the same tower body, the occupied area is reduced, meanwhile, the multiple layers of heating assemblies of the low-temperature section are arranged, low-temperature long-time heating of oil liquid is achieved, and the deacidification and deodorization effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil deodorization and deacidification technology, and in particular to a temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device and method for oils rich in diglycerides. Background Technology

[0002] High-oleic peanut oil can be processed into oil rich in diglycerides through enzymatic esterification, with a diglyceride content of about 60%. Subsequent deacidification, deodorization, and decolorization treatments are required. Existing technologies use 220-250℃ for deacidification and deodorization, which easily generates harmful substances such as glycidyl esters and trans fatty acids, affecting the quality of the oil.

[0003] Existing technologies also employ a combination of low-temperature and high-temperature sections for variable-temperature deodorization and deacidification. However, the low-temperature and high-temperature heating equipment are often separate units, requiring additional vacuum and heat recovery systems, which results in large footprints and complex piping connections. Even with integrated low-temperature and high-temperature sections, the heating time is still limited due to the extended oil flow path caused by the low-temperature section's design. Consequently, the low-temperature section's heating temperature is often above 220°C. To achieve a heating time below 210°C, 1-1.5 hours of heating is required. Therefore, integrating the low-temperature and high-temperature sections into a single tower structure while ensuring sufficient heating time in the low-temperature section remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device and method for oils rich in diglycerides. The high-temperature section, heat exchange section and low-temperature section are integrated into the same tower body, reducing the floor space. At the same time, the multi-layer heating components in the low-temperature section enable long-term low-temperature heating of the oil, such as heating at 190-210°C for 1-1.5 hours, to achieve the effect of deacidification and deodorization.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a temperature-varying deodorization and deacidification device for oils rich in diglycerides, comprising a tower body, wherein a low-temperature section, a heat exchange section and a high-temperature section are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the tower body, an air outlet is provided at the top of the tower body, a deodorized and deacidified oil outlet is provided at the bottom of the tower body, a decolorized oil inlet is provided at the upper part of the high-temperature section, the decolorized oil inlet is connected to the deodorized and deacidified oil outlet, and a decolorized oil outlet is provided at the lower end of the heat exchange section; The low-temperature section includes a low-temperature packing layer and a multi-layer heating assembly arranged sequentially from top to bottom. An oil inlet assembly is arranged above the low-temperature packing layer, and a conical dispersion plate is arranged below it. The multi-layer heating assembly includes a large heating plate and a small heating plate arranged alternately from top to bottom. The edge of the small heating plate is provided with an annular liquid outlet channel between it and the inner wall of the tower body. The edge of the large heating plate is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tower body, and a liquid outlet hole is provided in the middle. A low-temperature direct gas pipe is fixed at the lower end, and a downward-facing gas outlet hole is provided on the low-temperature direct gas pipe. Both the large heating plate and the small heating plate include a plate body. The upper end of the plate body is provided with multiple concentric conveying channels, which are connected sequentially along the radial direction.

[0006] Furthermore, a cooling section is also provided inside the tower body on the upper side of the high-temperature section, a riser pipe is provided between the cooling section and the high-temperature section, and a riser channel is provided between the cooling section and the low-temperature section.

[0007] Furthermore, both the heat exchange section and the cooling section are equipped with vertical tube heat exchangers. The cooling section has a first cold medium inlet and a first hot medium outlet on its corresponding tower body, and the heat exchange section has a second cold medium inlet and a second hot medium outlet on its corresponding tower body. The first cold medium inlet is connected to the oil pump, the first hot medium outlet is connected to the second cold medium inlet, and the second hot medium outlet is connected to the oil inlet assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, an oil collecting assembly is installed below the heat exchange section, and a decolorizing oil outlet communicating with the oil collecting assembly is provided on the tower body; the oil collecting assembly is a circular, convex arc plate, the middle of which communicates with the decolorizing oil outlet. The tower body of the heat exchange section and the high-temperature section includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The upper end of the arc plate is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder is sealed and fixedly connected to the tower body of the low-temperature section. A gas rising channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The lower end of the gas rising channel communicates with the low-temperature section, and the upper end communicates with the gas rising pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end of the disc is alternately fixed with high-spacer rings and low-spacer rings, which are concentric and form a conveying channel between them. The lower end of the low-spacer ring is sealed and fixedly connected to the disc, and the upper end of the low-spacer ring is lower than the upper end of the high-spacer ring. A flow hole is provided circumferentially between the lower end of the high-spacer ring and the disc.

[0010] Furthermore, the tube heat exchanger includes an upper flow divider and a lower flow divider. Both the upper and lower flow dividers are horizontally and sealed to the tower body. The upper flow divider has upper holes evenly distributed, and the lower flow divider has lower holes evenly distributed. The upper holes and lower holes are connected by a vertical liquid delivery pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-temperature section includes a high-temperature packing layer and a high-temperature direct gas pipe arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with the outlet of the high-temperature direct gas pipe facing downwards.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil inlet assembly includes a first tray-type liquid distributor, which is located above the low-temperature packing layer, and a first liquid inlet distribution pipe is disposed above the first tray-type liquid distributor.

[0013] Furthermore, a second tray-type liquid distributor is provided above the high-temperature packing layer, and a second liquid inlet distribution pipe is provided above the second tray-type liquid distributor, which is connected to the decolorizing oil inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the riser pipe includes a conical pipe, the lower end of which is sealed to the upper end of the outer cylinder. The upper end of the conical pipe has a smaller diameter and is vertically spaced with baffles. The baffles are circular, convex arc-shaped caps. A material recovery port is provided on the tower body corresponding to the conical pipe.

[0015] A method for deodorizing and deacidifying oils rich in diglycerides using temperature-dependent methods, employing the aforementioned equipment, includes the following steps: (1) The oil is evenly distributed above the low-temperature packing layer through the oil inlet assembly, and flows downward through the low-temperature packing layer, falling into the edge of the large heating plate through the conical dispersion plate; (2) Flow from the outside to the inside along the conveying channel on the large heating plate and fall into the middle of the adjacent small heating plate through the liquid outlet. Flow from the inside to the outside along the conveying channel on the small heating plate and fall into the edge of the adjacent large heating plate below through the liquid outlet channel. Repeat this step until it finally falls into the bottom of the tower. (3) While steps (1) and (2) are being performed, hot gas is introduced through a low-temperature direct gas pipe. The low-temperature direct gas pipe heats the oil on the large heating plate, and the hot gas sprayed out downwards heats and stirs the oil on the adjacent small heating plate. Then the hot gas rises in the opposite direction of the oil flow and carries away the gaseous substances generated during the oil heating process. (4) The oil entering the bottom of the tower enters the high-temperature section for decolorization through the deodorization and deacidification oil outlet and the decolorization oil inlet to obtain decolorized oil; the decolorized oil flows downward into the heat exchange section for heat recovery and is discharged through the decolorized oil outlet, and the outlet is connected to the vacuum system.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention integrates the high-temperature and low-temperature sections into the same tower body, reducing the floor space required. Simultaneously, the multi-layer heating assembly in the low-temperature section, through the cooperation of large and small heating plates and the interconnected transport channels of the large and small heating plates, extends the oil transport path. The placement of the liquid outlet and outlet channel ensures sufficient contact between the rising hot gas and the falling oil. Furthermore, the low-temperature direct gas pipeline has downward-facing gas outlets that heat and stir the oil on adjacent small heating plates, improving the efficiency of deacidification and deodorization. Based on this structure, the oil can be heated at 190-210°C for 1-1.5 hours under an absolute pressure of 5 Pa, i.e., long-term low-temperature heating. This inhibits the formation of glycidyl esters and trans fatty acids in the oil, effectively removing free fatty acids and reducing the acid value of the oil from 5-6 to 0.5, while simultaneously achieving deodorization.

[0017] The high-temperature section of this invention heats the deacidified and deodorized oil at 230°C for 3-5 minutes, performing high-temperature short-speed heating to quickly complete the decolorization and obtain decolorized oil, while avoiding the formation of glycidyl esters and trans fatty acids.

[0018] This invention recovers heat from rising gas and downward-flowing decolorizing oil by setting up a cooling section and a heat exchange section, while preheating the initial oil. This part is also integrated with the high-temperature section and the low-temperature section into the same tower body. The initial oil enters the cooling section through the oil inlet pump, and then completes the heat exchange and deacidification and deodorization in the low-temperature section through the downward flow of the oil. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-temperature section. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the large heating plate and the small heating plate; Figure 4 This is a top view of a cryogenic direct gas pipeline. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange section and the high-temperature section; Figure 6 This is a top view of the first liquid inlet distribution pipe; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling section. Figure 8This is a top view of the air riser channel.

[0021] 1. Tower body; 2. Low-temperature section; 3. Heat exchange section; 4. High-temperature section; 5. Gas outlet; 6. Deodorized and deacidified oil outlet; 7. Decolorized oil inlet; 8. Decolorized oil outlet; 9. Low-temperature packing layer; 10. First tray-type liquid distributor; 11. First liquid inlet distribution pipe; 12. Conical dispersion plate; 13. Large heating plate; 14. Small heating plate; 15. Liquid outlet channel; 16. Liquid outlet hole; 17. Low-temperature direct gas pipe; 18. Plate body; 19. High spacer ring; 20. Low spacer ring; 21. Bottom plate; 22. Flow hole; 3. High-temperature packing layer. 23, High-temperature direct gas pipeline; 24, Second tray-type liquid distributor; 25, Second liquid inlet distribution pipe; 26, Main distribution pipe; 27, Branch pipe; 28, Cooling section; 29, Conical pipe; 30, Baffle plate; 31, Shell and tube heat exchanger; 32, Upper flow divider; 33, Lower flow divider; 34, Liquid delivery pipe; 35, First cold medium inlet; 36, First hot medium outlet; 37, Second cold medium inlet; 38, Second hot medium outlet; 39, Arc plate; 40, Inner cylinder; 41, Outer cylinder; 42, Gas riser channel; 43. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The terms "upper" and "lower" in this invention are relative to... Figure 1 The positional relationship is shown.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device for oils rich in diglycerides includes a tower body 1. The tower body 1 contains, from bottom to top, a low-temperature section 2, a heat exchange section 3, and a high-temperature section 4. An outlet 5 is fixed at the top of the tower body 1 and connected to a vacuum system to achieve the required vacuum level within the tower body 1, such as an absolute pressure of 5 Pa. A deodorized and deacidified oil outlet 6 is fixed at the bottom of the tower body 1. A decolorizing oil inlet 7 is fixed at the upper part of the high-temperature section 4. The decolorizing oil inlet 7 and the deodorized and deacidified oil outlet 6 are connected via an oil delivery pipe and an oil pump. A decolorizing oil outlet 8 is located at the lower end of the heat exchange section 3.

[0025] The low-temperature section 2 includes a low-temperature packing layer 9 and a multi-layer heating assembly fixed from top to bottom. An oil inlet assembly is fixed above the low-temperature packing layer 9. The oil inlet assembly includes a first tray-type liquid distributor 10, which is located above the low-temperature packing layer 9. A first liquid inlet distribution pipe 11 is fixed above the first tray-type liquid distributor 10.

[0026] A conical dispersion plate 12 is fixed inside the tower body 1 below the low-temperature packing layer 9. The multi-layer heating assembly includes a large heating plate 13 and a small heating plate 14 that are alternately fixed from top to bottom. A total of 9-10 large heating plates 13 and small heating plates 14 are provided, or other numbers can be provided as needed. Both the large heating plate 13 and the small heating plate 14 are horizontally arranged. The edge of the small heating plate 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 1 by circumferentially spaced support rods. The edge of the small heating plate 14 and the inner wall of the tower body 1 are provided with an annular liquid outlet channel 15. The edge of the large heating plate 13 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 1. The middle part of the large heating plate 13 is provided with a liquid outlet hole 16, and the lower end is fixed with a low-temperature direct gas pipe 17. The low-temperature direct gas pipe 17 is provided with a downward-facing gas outlet hole.

[0027] Both the large heating plate 13 and the small heating plate 14 include a plate body 18. A high spacer ring 19 and a low spacer ring 20 are alternately fixed to the upper end of the plate body 18. The high spacer ring 19 and the low spacer ring 20 are concentrically arranged. The lower end of the low spacer ring 20 is sealed and fixedly connected to the plate body 18. The upper end of the low spacer ring 20 is lower than the upper end of the high spacer ring 19. The high spacer ring 19 is spaced apart from the plate body 18, and a base plate 21 is fixed circumferentially. The base plate 21 is used to fix and support the high spacer ring, and the spaced arrangement forms a flow hole 22. A conveying channel is formed between the high spacer ring 19 and the low spacer ring 20. The conveying channels on both sides of the high spacer ring 19 are connected through the flow hole 22, and the conveying channels on both sides of the low spacer ring 20 are connected through the upper end of the low spacer ring. This allows multiple concentric conveying channels to be connected radially in sequence. The air outlet 5 faces downwards and corresponds to the conveying channel, facilitating small-amplitude heating and stirring of the oil in the conveying channel, thus improving heating efficiency. By designing this structure, the flow path of the oil is extended, allowing for sufficient heating of the oil. The oil is heated at an absolute pressure of 5 Pa and a temperature of 190-210°C for 1-1.5 hours, meeting the heating time requirements. The low-temperature section 2 inhibits the formation of glycidyl esters and trans fatty acids in the oil, reducing the acid value of the oil from 5-6 to 0.5, while simultaneously achieving deodorization.

[0028] A method for deodorizing and deacidifying oils rich in diglycerides using temperature-dependent methods, employing the aforementioned equipment, includes the following steps: (1) The oil is evenly distributed above the low-temperature packing layer 9 through the first liquid inlet distribution pipe 11 and the first tank-type liquid distributor 10, and flows downward through the low-temperature packing layer 9, and falls into the edge of the large heating plate 13 through the conical dispersion plate 12. (2) The liquid flows from the outside to the inside along the conveying channel on the large heating plate 13 and falls into the middle of the adjacent small heating plate 14 below through the liquid outlet 16. The liquid flows from the inside to the outside along the conveying channel on the small heating plate 14 and falls into the edge of the adjacent large heating plate 13 below through the liquid outlet channel 15. This step is repeated until the liquid finally falls into the bottom of the tower body 1. (3) While steps (1) and (2) are being performed, hot gas is introduced through the low-temperature direct gas pipe 17. The low-temperature direct gas pipe 17 heats the oil on the large heating plate 13. At the same time, the hot gas is sprayed downwards to heat and stir the oil on the adjacent small heating plate 14. Then the hot gas rises in the opposite direction of the oil flow and carries away the gaseous substances generated during the oil heating process, so that the oil falling into the bottom of the tower body 1 is deodorized and deacidified oil. (4) The deodorized and deacidified oil enters the high-temperature section 4 through the deodorized and deacidified oil outlet 6 and the decolorized oil inlet 7 for decolorization, and obtains decolorized oil. The decolorized oil flows downward into the heat exchange section 3 for heat recovery and is discharged through the decolorized oil outlet 8. The gas outlet 5 is connected to the vacuum system.

[0029] like Figure 1 and 5 As shown, the high-temperature section 4 includes a high-temperature packing layer 23 and a high-temperature direct gas pipe 24 fixed from top to bottom. The outlet of the high-temperature direct gas pipe 24 faces downward. A second tray-type liquid distributor 25 is fixed above the high-temperature packing layer 23, and a second inlet distribution pipe 26 is fixed above the second tray-type liquid distributor 25. The second inlet distribution pipe 26 is connected to the decolorizing oil inlet 7. The deodorizing and deacidifying oil enters the second inlet distribution pipe 26 through the decolorizing oil inlet 7, and then, in conjunction with the second tray-type liquid distributor 25, the deodorizing and deacidifying oil is evenly distributed on the upper side of the high-temperature packing layer 23 and flows downward through the high-temperature packing layer 23. The high-temperature gas ejected from the high-temperature direct gas pipe 24 rises and fully contacts the deodorizing and deacidifying oil in the high-temperature packing layer 23, heating it at a high temperature of 230°C for 3-5 minutes. This short-term high-temperature heating quickly completes the decolorization, obtaining decolorized oil, while avoiding the formation of glycidyl esters and trans fatty acids, thus preventing oil deterioration.

[0030] like Figure 1 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, both the first liquid inlet distribution pipe 11 and the second liquid inlet distribution pipe 26 include a main distribution pipe 27. Branch pipes 28 are fixedly fixed on both sides of the main distribution pipe 27 along the axial direction. The branch pipes 28 are connected to the main distribution pipe 27. The branch pipes 28 are provided with downward oil outlet holes so that the oil is evenly distributed on the corresponding tray-type liquid distributor.

[0031] like Figure 1 and 7As shown, a cooling section 29 is also provided inside the tower body 1 above the high-temperature section 4. A riser pipe is fixed between the cooling section 29 and the high-temperature section 4. The riser pipe includes a conical pipe 30. The lower end of the conical pipe 30 is sealed to the upper end of the outer cylinder 42. The upper end of the conical pipe 30 has a smaller diameter and is vertically spaced with baffle plates 31. The baffle plates 31 are circular, convex arc-shaped caps. A material recovery port is provided on the tower body 1 corresponding to the conical pipe 30. The rising gas enters the cooling section 29 after being cooled by passing the edge of the baffle plate 31. Part of the gas phase carried by the gas liquefies and falls between the conical pipe 30 and the inner wall of the tower body 1 through the baffle plate 31, and is then discharged and recovered through the material recovery port.

[0032] Both heat exchange section 3 and cooling section 29 are fixed with vertical tube heat exchangers 32. The tube heat exchanger 32 includes an upper distribution plate 33 and a lower distribution plate 34. Both the upper distribution plate 33 and the lower distribution plate 34 are horizontally and sealed to the tower body 1. The upper distribution plate 33 has evenly distributed upper holes, and the lower distribution plate 34 has evenly distributed lower holes. The upper holes and the lower holes are connected by a vertical liquid delivery pipe 35. The tower body 1 corresponding to cooling section 29 is fixed with a first cold medium inlet 36 and a first hot medium outlet 37. The first hot medium outlet 37 is located above the first cold medium inlet 36. The tower body 1 corresponding to heat exchange section 3 is fixed with a second cold medium inlet 38 and a second hot medium outlet 39. The second hot medium outlet 39 is located above the second cold medium inlet 38. The first cold medium inlet 36 is connected to the oil inlet pump, the first hot medium outlet 37 communicates with the second cold medium inlet 38, and the second hot medium outlet 39 communicates with the first liquid distribution pipe 11 of the oil inlet assembly.

[0033] In the cooling section 29, the rising gas enters the liquid delivery pipe 35 through the lower hole and exits through the upper hole. Simultaneously, the oil pump draws cold oil into the tower body 1 through the first cold medium inlet 36, where it exchanges heat with the gas in the liquid delivery pipe 35 and exits through the first hot medium outlet 37. The gas cools down, and part of the gas phase liquefies and falls along the liquid delivery pipe 35 between the conical pipe 30 and the inner wall of the tower body 1, and is then distributed and recovered through the material recovery port. The cooled gas is extracted by the vacuum system. The cold oil here refers to oil rich in diglycerides, with a diglyceride content of about 60%, prepared from high oleic peanut oil (oleic acid content 60-70%) through an enzymatic esterification reaction. For example, Novozymes lipase is used to react at 45-60℃ and normal pressure for 4-6 hours. Triglycerides are hydrolyzed / exchanged under enzymatic catalysis to generate diglycerides (content about 60%) and a small amount of monoglycerides, while releasing free fatty acids.

[0034] In heat exchange section 3, the decolorized oil from high-temperature section 4 enters the liquid delivery pipe 35 through the upper hole and then exits through the lower hole. Simultaneously, the oil discharged through the first hot medium outlet 37 enters the tower body 1 through the second cold medium inlet 38, where it exchanges heat with the decolorized oil in the liquid delivery pipe 35. The oil is then sent to the first liquid inlet distribution pipe 11 through the second hot medium outlet 39, i.e., to the low-temperature section 2 for deodorization and deacidification. The outlet of the high-temperature direct gas pipe 24 faces downwards, facilitating the heating of the decolorized oil on the upper distribution plate 33 of heat exchange section 3, thus reducing its pigment residue.

[0035] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, an oil collecting assembly is installed below the heat exchange section 3, and a decolorizing oil outlet 8 communicating with the oil collecting assembly is provided on the tower body 1. The oil collecting assembly is a circular, convex arc-shaped plate 40, the middle of which communicates with the decolorizing oil outlet 8. The tower body 1 of both the heat exchange section 3 and the high-temperature section 4 includes an inner cylinder 41 and an outer cylinder 42. The upper end of the arc-shaped plate 40 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 41, and the outer cylinder 42 is sealed and fixedly connected to the tower body 1 of the low-temperature section 2. A gas rising channel 43 is formed between the inner cylinder 41 and the outer cylinder 42. The lower end of the gas rising channel 43 communicates with the low-temperature section 2, and the upper end communicates with the gas rising pipe. The gas in the low-temperature section 2 enters the gas rising pipe through the gas rising channel 43, and then enters the cooling section 29 for cooling through the gas rising pipe.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device for oils rich in diglycerides, comprising a tower body, characterized in that: The tower body is arranged from bottom to top as follows: low temperature section, heat exchange section and high temperature section. The top of the tower body is equipped with an air outlet, the bottom of the tower body is equipped with a deodorizing and deacidifying oil outlet, the upper part of the high temperature section is equipped with a decolorizing oil inlet, the decolorizing oil inlet is connected to the deodorizing and deacidifying oil outlet, and the lower end of the heat exchange section is equipped with a decolorizing oil outlet. The low-temperature section includes a low-temperature packing layer and a multi-layer heating assembly arranged sequentially from top to bottom. An oil inlet assembly is arranged above the low-temperature packing layer, and a conical dispersion plate is arranged below it. The multi-layer heating assembly includes a large heating plate and a small heating plate arranged alternately from top to bottom. The edge of the small heating plate is provided with an annular liquid outlet channel between it and the inner wall of the tower body. The edge of the large heating plate is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tower body, and a liquid outlet hole is provided in the middle. A low-temperature direct gas pipe is fixed at the lower end, and a downward-facing gas outlet hole is provided on the low-temperature direct gas pipe. Both the large heating plate and the small heating plate include a plate body. The upper end of the plate body is provided with multiple concentric conveying channels, which are connected sequentially along the radial direction.

2. The temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling section is also installed inside the tower body above the high-temperature section. A riser pipe is installed between the cooling section and the high-temperature section, and a riser channel is installed between the cooling section and the low-temperature section.

3. The temperature-switched deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the heat exchange section and the cooling section are equipped with vertical tube heat exchangers. The cooling section has a first cold medium inlet and a first hot medium outlet on the corresponding tower body. The heat exchange section has a second cold medium inlet and a second hot medium outlet on the corresponding tower body. The first cold medium inlet is connected to the oil pump, the first hot medium outlet is connected to the second cold medium inlet, and the second hot medium outlet is connected to the oil inlet assembly.

4. A temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An oil collecting assembly is installed below the heat exchange section, and a decolorizing oil outlet connected to the oil collecting assembly is installed on the tower body. The oil collecting assembly is a circular, convex arc plate, with the middle part of the arc plate connected to the decolorizing oil outlet. The tower body of the heat exchange section and the high-temperature section includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The upper end of the arc plate is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder is sealed and fixedly connected to the tower body of the low-temperature section. A gas rising channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The lower end of the gas rising channel is connected to the low-temperature section, and the upper end is connected to the gas rising pipe.

5. The temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the disc is alternately fixed with high-spacer rings and low-spacer rings. The high-spacer rings and low-spacer rings are set at the same center and form a conveying channel between them. The lower end of the low-spacer ring is sealed and fixedly connected to the disc. The upper end of the low-spacer ring is lower than the upper end of the high-spacer ring. A flow hole is provided circumferentially between the lower end of the high-spacer ring and the disc.

6. The temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tube heat exchanger includes an upper flow divider and a lower flow divider. Both the upper and lower flow dividers are horizontally and sealed to the tower body. The upper flow divider has upper holes evenly distributed, and the lower flow divider has lower holes evenly distributed. The upper holes and lower holes are connected by a vertical liquid delivery pipe.

7. A temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification device for oils rich in diglycerides according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The high-temperature section includes a high-temperature packing layer and a high-temperature direct gas pipe arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with the outlet of the high-temperature direct gas pipe facing downwards.

8. The temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet assembly includes a first tray-type liquid distributor, which is located above the low-temperature packing layer, and a first liquid inlet distribution pipe is provided above the first tray-type liquid distributor.

9. The temperature-controlled deodorization and deacidification equipment for oils rich in diglycerides according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second tray-type liquid distributor is installed above the high-temperature packing layer, and a second inlet distribution pipe is installed above the second tray-type liquid distributor. The second inlet distribution pipe is connected to the decolorizing oil inlet.

10. A method for deodorizing and deacidifying oils rich in diglycerides at varying temperatures, characterized in that, Using the device according to any one of claims 1-9, the steps include: (1) The oil is evenly distributed above the low-temperature packing layer through the oil inlet assembly, and flows downward through the low-temperature packing layer, falling into the edge of the large heating plate through the conical dispersion plate; (2) Flow from the outside to the inside along the conveying channel on the large heating plate and fall into the middle of the adjacent small heating plate through the liquid outlet. Flow from the inside to the outside along the conveying channel on the small heating plate and fall into the edge of the adjacent large heating plate below through the liquid outlet channel. Repeat this step until it finally falls into the bottom of the tower. (3) While steps (1) and (2) are being performed, hot gas is introduced through a low-temperature direct gas pipe. The low-temperature direct gas pipe heats the oil on the large heating plate, and the hot gas sprayed out downwards heats and stirs the oil on the adjacent small heating plate. Then the hot gas rises in the opposite direction of the oil flow and carries away the gaseous substances generated during the oil heating process. (4) The oil entering the bottom of the tower enters the high-temperature section for decolorization through the deodorization and deacidification oil outlet and the decolorization oil inlet to obtain decolorized oil; the decolorized oil flows downward into the heat exchange section for heat recovery and is discharged through the decolorized oil outlet, and the outlet is connected to the vacuum system.

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