A high-wear-resistance impact-resistant lining plate and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high wear-resistant impact-resistant lining plate and preparation method thereof, belong to wear-resistant lining plate technical field.High wear-resistant impact-resistant lining plate, including base, the top of base is provided with wear-resistant layer, transition layer is arranged between wear-resistant layer and base;The wear-resistant layer includes the following mass percentage of ingredients: WC: 30%-85%, Co: 5%-70%, rare earth oxide: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-5.0%.Wear-resistant layer includes bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer, the size and content of tungsten carbide particles in bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer are ladder type distribution.Using the high wear-resistant impact-resistant lining plate and preparation method thereof described in the application, the problem of poor impact resistance and poor wear resistance of existing lining plate can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wear-resistant lining technology, and in particular to a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant lining and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Wear-resistant liners are core vulnerable components of crushing and conveying equipment in industries such as mining, metallurgy, building materials, and coal. They directly bear the impact, cutting, and grinding effects of materials. Their wear resistance, impact resistance, and interfacial bonding stability directly determine the operating efficiency, maintenance costs, and service life of the equipment.

[0003] In actual working conditions, impact loads and wear effects of materials often coexist, placing dual core requirements on liners for high wear resistance and high impact resistance. However, existing wear-resistant liners generally suffer from the problem of not being able to achieve both performance targets simultaneously: traditional single-material liners (such as high-carbon high-chromium steel and ordinary alloy steel) improve wear resistance by increasing carbon content or adding alloying elements, but the toughness of the matrix decreases significantly, making them prone to brittle fracture and chipping under impact loads; while low-carbon steel liners, which emphasize toughness, suffer from insufficient hardness, resulting in rapid wear and extremely short service life.

[0004] Existing patent CN202510177618.3 discloses a high wear-resistant hybrid pelletizing machine liner and its preparation method. The liner includes a base layer and a wear-resistant layer composited on the surface of the base layer. The base layer is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the wear-resistant layer includes tungsten carbide particles, a composite alloy material, and an adhesive. The wear resistance of the liner is improved by spraying a layer of tungsten carbide onto the base layer surface using a thermal spraying process. However, in the aforementioned patent, the tungsten carbide layer is coated onto the substrate surface using thermal spraying. Since the tungsten carbide is inorganic, its bonding strength with the alloy steel substrate is relatively poor, affecting the wear resistance of the liner. Furthermore, the impact resistance of the substrate is relatively poor, affecting the service life of the liner under impact loads. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner and its preparation method, thereby solving the problems of poor impact resistance and wear resistance of existing liners.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner, comprising a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate; the substrate comprises the following components in weight percentage: C: 0.15%-0.2%, Mn: 2.5%-3.2%, Si: 1.0%-1.5%, Al: 0.5%-1.3%, Cr: 0.6%-0.9%, Mo: 0.2%-0.3%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%, Cu: 0.2%-0.3%, Ti: 0.02%-0.08%. The wear-resistant layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 30%-85%, Co: 5%-70%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-5.0%; the transition layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.7%-1.1%, Cr: 15%-17%, Si: 3.5%-5.0%, B: 3.5%-5.0%, Fe: 3.0%-5.0%, MoC: 2%-3%, with the balance being Ni.

[0007] Preferably, the wear-resistant layer includes a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer. The bottom layer is connected to the substrate through a transition layer. The thickness of the bottom layer is 0.5mm-1mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 0.5mm-1mm, and the thickness of the top layer is 2mm-5mm.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 30%-40%, Co: 55%-65%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 4.0%-5.0%; the middle layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 50%-60%, Co: 35%-45%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 3.0%-4.0%; and the top layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 70%-85%, Co: 10%-25%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%.

[0009] Preferably, the WC in the bottom and middle layers has a particle size of 20μm-50μm; the WC in the surface layer comprises 60%-70% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 5μm-10μm and 30%-40% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.5μm-1μm by mass percentage.

[0010] Preferably, the rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 2μm-5μm; the cobalt powder has a particle size of 5μm-10μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 2μm-5μm.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 200μm-300μm, and the particle size of MoC is 10μm-20μm.

[0012] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix.

[0014] S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection.

[0015] S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer sequentially on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body.

[0016] S4. Hold the plate at 180℃-200℃ for 2h-4h, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, hot rolling involves heating the plate to 1100℃-1200℃, holding it at that temperature for 2-3 hours, with an initial rolling temperature ≥1050℃, a final rolling temperature of 700℃-800℃, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 10mm-15mm; the heat treatment involves first heating to 1100℃-1200℃, holding it at that temperature for 2-5 seconds, and then water cooling to room temperature; then holding it at 750℃-800℃ for 20-30 minutes, and then holding it at 250℃-400℃ for 10-30 minutes, followed by natural cooling to room temperature.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the laser power of the laser cladding is 1.0kW-1.4kW, the scanning speed is 6mm / s-8mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is not greater than 200℃.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.2kW-1.4kW, the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 1.5kW-1.8kW, the scanning speed is 5mm / s-7mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is not greater than 200℃.

[0020] The advantages and positive effects of the high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner and its preparation method described in this invention are as follows: This invention designs the matrix composition to improve the austenitic structure of the matrix at room temperature, which is beneficial to improving the toughness of the matrix. Under impact load, the austenite undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, improving the wear resistance of the matrix. This invention avoids cladding a wear-resistant layer with a stepped composition in the matrix and uses a transition layer for transitional connection, effectively improving the impact toughness and wear resistance of the liner. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples.

[0023] A high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate; the substrate comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.15%-0.2%, Mn: 2.5%-3.2%, Si: 1.0%-1.5%, Al: 0.5%-1.3%, Cr: 0.6%-0.9%, Mo: 0.2%-0.3%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%, Cu: 0.2%-0.3%, Ti: 0.02%-0.08%, S not exceeding 0.015%, P not exceeding 0.01%, and the balance Fe.

[0024] The carbon content in the matrix material is controlled at 0.15%-0.2%. Low carbon content avoids the formation of excessive brittle cementite, ensuring good toughness of the matrix. Low carbon content stabilizes the austenitic structure, facilitating the transformation of austenite to martensite upon external impact, thereby improving the material's wear resistance. Manganese stabilizes the austenitic structure and refines the grain size. Manganese, along with carbon and nickel, synergistically enhances the stability of austenite at room temperature, ensuring good toughness of the matrix material at room temperature. Furthermore, the transformation of austenite to martensite upon impact improves the hardness and wear resistance of the matrix material. Molybdenum refines the structure and delays carburization precipitation. Molybdenum, along with chromium and nickel, synergistically enhances the stability of austenite and improves the toughness of the matrix. Aluminum effectively deoxidizes and refines the grain size, reducing inclusion defects when combined with titanium and silicon. Copper and nickel synergistically improve the toughness and corrosion resistance of the matrix. Titanium refines the grain size, inhibits brittleness caused by grain growth, and improves the strength and toughness of the matrix. The matrix material described in this invention can maintain the austenitic structure of the matrix at room temperature and improve the toughness of the matrix at room temperature; when subjected to impact, the austenite undergoes a martensitic phase transformation and the matrix undergoes martensitization, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the matrix, thus effectively improving the wear resistance of the matrix when subjected to impact.

[0025] The wear-resistant layer comprises a base layer, a middle layer, and a surface layer, with the base layer connected to the substrate via a transition layer. The wear-resistant layer is a tungsten carbide alloy layer, exhibiting high wear resistance and effectively improving the wear resistance of the liner. The transition layer connects the substrate and the wear-resistant layer, enhancing the bond strength between them. The transition layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.7%-1.1%, Cr: 15%-17%, Si: 3.5%-5.0%, B: 3.5%-5.0%, Fe: 3.0%-5.0%, MoC: 2%-3%, with the balance being Ni. The transition layer has a thickness of 200μm-300μm, and the MoC particle size is 10μm-20μm.

[0026] The transition layer is a nickel-based alloy. Adding a certain amount of nickel to the base alloy not only improves the toughness of the base but also enhances the bond strength between the base and the transition layer. This allows the nickel in the base and the nickel in the transition layer to form a continuous solid solution, eliminating abrupt compositional changes between the base and the transition layer, improving interfacial chemical compatibility, and strengthening the metallurgical bond. The nickel in the base can also improve the base's toughness, absorb thermal stress generated by the temperature gradient during laser cladding, avoid interfacial microcracks caused by stress concentration, and ensure the integrity of the interfacial connection.

[0027] The transition layer contains molybdenum carbide, which, as a hard phase, enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the transition layer itself, preventing interfacial separation due to wear or impact failure and improving interfacial bonding strength. Molybdenum carbide forms solid solutions or intermetallic compounds with iron and nickel in the matrix and cobalt and nickel in the wear-resistant layer, reducing diffusion resistance of interfacial elements and strengthening interfacial adhesion. Furthermore, molybdenum carbide can regulate the hardness gradient between the transition layer and the matrix and wear-resistant layer, alleviating stress concentration caused by excessive hardness differences, reducing the risk of interfacial cracking, and improving interfacial bonding stability.

[0028] Iron in the transition layer enhances the compositional continuity between the transition layer and the substrate, reduces interfacial diffusion resistance, and improves the bonding strength between the transition layer and the substrate. Boron lowers the melting point of the transition layer, expands the metallurgical bonding range of laser cladding, forms silicon boride with silicon, improves the plasticity of the transition layer, and reduces interfacial stress. Carbon forms tungsten carbide with chromium and molybdenum in the substrate, increasing the hardness of the transition layer and promoting interfacial element diffusion.

[0029] The wear-resistant layer consists of three layers: a bottom layer with a thickness of 0.5mm-1mm, a middle layer with a thickness of 0.5mm-1mm, and a top layer with a thickness of 2mm-5mm. The bottom layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 30%-40%, Co: 55%-65%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 4.0%-5.0%. The middle layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 50%-60%, Co: 35%-45%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 3.0%-4.0%. The top layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 70%-85%, Co: 10%-25%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%. The bottom and middle layers of WC have a particle size of 20μm-50μm; the surface layer of WC comprises 60%-70% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 5μm-10μm and 30%-40% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.5μm-1μm by mass percentage. The rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 2μm-5μm; the cobalt powder has a particle size of 5μm-10μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 2μm-5μm.

[0030] The tungsten carbide content and particle size in the bottom, middle, and top layers exhibit a stepped distribution. The bottom layer has the lowest tungsten carbide content and the largest particle size, ensuring high toughness. The toughness of the bottom layer matches that of the buffer layer, preventing large interfacial stress caused by abrupt performance changes between the transition layer and the bottom layer, which is beneficial for improving the connection strength between the wear-resistant layer and the transition layer. The top layer has small particle size and high tungsten carbide content, resulting in a denser structure and better wear resistance, which is beneficial for improving the wear resistance of the liner. The bottom layer has good toughness and can absorb impact energy, protecting the interface from damage; the middle layer provides a transition, and the top layer has high hardness and good wear resistance. The synergistic effect of the bottom, middle, and top layers improves the connection strength between the wear-resistant layer and the transition layer and the overall wear resistance of the liner.

[0031] The surface tungsten carbide layer comprises 60%-70% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 5μm-10μm and 30%-40% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.5μm-1μm. The small-diameter tungsten carbide particles fill the gaps between the large-diameter tungsten carbide particles, which helps to increase the particle packing density and reduce particle shedding during wear. Furthermore, the small-diameter tungsten carbide particles have a larger specific surface area, which increases the bonding strength between the tungsten carbide and the surface binder phase, thereby improving the strength and wear resistance of the surface layer.

[0032] In the wear-resistant layer, cobalt acts as a binder phase, filling the spaces between tungsten carbide particles to improve their stability. It also forms a continuous solid solution with nickel in the transition layer, enhancing the bond strength between the wear-resistant and transition layers. Nickel in the wear-resistant layer improves the wettability of the tungsten carbide particles with cobalt, reduces internal defects, and increases the density of the microstructure. Furthermore, nickel enhances the interfacial bonding strength between the wear-resistant and transition layers. Rare earth oxides purify the cladding metal, reducing interfacial porosity, inclusions, and other defects, refining the grains, improving microstructure uniformity, and enhancing interfacial bonding stability and wear resistance.

[0033] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix.

[0035] Hot rolling involves heating the sheet to 1100℃-1200℃ and holding it at that temperature for 2-3 hours. The initial rolling temperature is ≥1050℃, and the final rolling temperature is 700℃-800℃. Air cooling to room temperature results in a hot-rolled sheet with a thickness of 10mm-15mm. High-temperature rolling refines austenite grains, improves the toughness of the matrix, and promotes the uniformity of martensitic phase transformation, thus enhancing the wear resistance of the matrix. The final rolling temperature is controlled within the austenite stability region, ensuring that the microstructure after cooling contains sufficient austenite, further improving the toughness of the matrix.

[0036] The heat treatment process involves first heating to 1100℃-1200℃, holding at that temperature for 2-5 seconds, and then water cooling to room temperature. Rapid high-temperature heating ensures complete dissolution of the alloying elements, while water cooling prevents tungsten carbide precipitation, increases the carbon content in austenite, and improves austenite stability. Next, the temperature is held at 750℃-800℃ for 20-30 minutes; then at 250℃-400℃ for 10-30 minutes, followed by natural cooling to room temperature. Medium-temperature tempering eliminates quenching stress, and low-temperature aging promotes the uniform distribution of alloying elements, improves austenite stability, and enhances the toughness of the matrix.

[0037] S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection.

[0038] The laser power for laser cladding is 1.0kW-1.4kW, the scanning speed is 6mm / s-8mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0039] S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer in sequence on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body.

[0040] The laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.2kW-1.4kW, and the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 1.5kW-1.8kW. The scanning speed is 5mm / s-7mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0041] S4. Hold the plate at 180℃-200℃ for 2h-4h, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate. The substrate comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.18%, Mn: 3.0%, Si: 1.2%, Al: 0.8%, Cr: 0.8%, Mo: 0.2%, Ni: 2.5%, Cu: 0.3%, Ti: 0.06%, S not exceeding 0.015%, P not exceeding 0.01%, and the balance Fe.

[0044] The bottom layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 35%, Co: 59.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 5.0%.

[0045] The middle layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 56%, Co: 40.4%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%, Ni: 3.5%.

[0046] The surface layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 80%, Co: 17.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 2.0%.

[0047] The thickness of the bottom layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1mm, and the thickness of the top layer is 3mm.

[0048] The bottom WC has a particle size of 30 μm, the middle WC has a particle size of 20 μm. The surface WC consists of 65% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 6 μm and 35% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.8 μm by mass percentage.

[0049] The rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 3 μm. The cobalt powder has a particle size of 5 μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 3 μm.

[0050] The transition layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.8%, Cr: 15%, Si: 4.0%, B: 4.5%, Fe: 4.0%, MoC: 2.0%, with the balance being Ni.

[0051] The thickness of the transition layer is 300 μm, and the particle size of MoC is 10 μm.

[0052] A method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix.

[0054] Hot rolling involves heating the sheet to 1150℃ and holding it at that temperature for 2 hours. The initial rolling temperature is ≥1050℃, the final rolling temperature is 800℃, and the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet obtained by air cooling to room temperature is 12mm.

[0055] The heat treatment process involves first heating to 1100℃, holding at that temperature for 3 seconds, and then water cooling to room temperature. Next, it is held at 750℃ for 30 minutes, then at 300℃ for 20 minutes, and finally allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0056] S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection.

[0057] The laser power for laser cladding is 1.2kW, the scanning speed is 6mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0058] S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer in sequence on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body.

[0059] The laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.2kW, and the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 16kW. The scanning speed is 6mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0060] S4. Keep the plate at 200℃ for 3 hours, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] A high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate. The substrate comprises the following components in weight percentage: C: 0.2%, Mn: 2.6%, Si: 1.0%, Al: 1.2%, Cr: 0.7%, Mo: 0.2%, Ni: 3.0%, Cu: 0.3%, Ti: 0.03%, S not exceeding 0.015%, P not exceeding 0.01%, and the balance Fe.

[0063] The bottom layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 31%, Co: 64.4%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%, Ni: 4.5%.

[0064] The middle layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 53%, Co: 42.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 4.0%.

[0065] The surface layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 72%, Co: 24.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 3.0%.

[0066] The thickness of the bottom layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1mm, and the thickness of the top layer is 3mm.

[0067] The bottom WC layer has a particle size of 50 μm, and the middle WC layer also has a particle size of 50 μm. The surface WC layer consists of 65% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 10 μm and 35% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 1 μm by mass percentage.

[0068] The rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 5 μm. The cobalt powder has a particle size of 5 μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 2 μm.

[0069] The transition layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.8%, Cr: 17%, Si: 3.5%, B: 4.0%, Fe: 4.0%, MoC: 3.0%, with the balance being Ni.

[0070] The thickness of the transition layer is 300 μm, and the particle size of MoC is 10 μm.

[0071] A method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix.

[0073] Hot rolling involves heating the sheet to 1100℃ and holding it at that temperature for 2 hours. The initial rolling temperature is ≥1050℃, the final rolling temperature is 700℃, and the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet obtained by air cooling to room temperature is 12mm.

[0074] The heat treatment process involves first heating to 1100℃, holding at that temperature for 3 seconds, and then water cooling to room temperature. Next, it is held at 800℃ for 20 minutes; then held at 250℃ for another 20 minutes, and finally allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0075] S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection.

[0076] The laser power for laser cladding is 1.2kW, the scanning speed is 8mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0077] S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer in sequence on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body.

[0078] The laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.4kW, and the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 18kW. The scanning speed is 7mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0079] S4. Keep the plate at 200℃ for 4 hours, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] A high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate. The substrate comprises the following components in weight percentage: C: 0.2%, Mn: 3.1%, Si: 1.4%, Al: 1.2%, Cr: 0.6%, Mo: 0.3%, Ni: 2.8%, Cu: 0.3%, Ti: 0.08%, S not exceeding 0.015%, P not exceeding 0.01%, and the balance Fe.

[0082] The bottom layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 38%, Co: 56.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 5.0%.

[0083] The middle layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 59%, Co: 36.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 4.0%.

[0084] The surface layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: WC: 82%, Co: 14.8%, rare earth oxides: 0.2%, Ni: 3.0%.

[0085] The thickness of the bottom layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 1mm, and the thickness of the top layer is 3mm.

[0086] The bottom layer of WC has a particle size of 30 μm, and the middle layer of WC has a particle size of 30 μm. The surface layer of WC consists of 70% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 10 μm and 30% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 1 μm by mass percentage.

[0087] The rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 5 μm. The cobalt powder has a particle size of 5 μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 5 μm.

[0088] The transition layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 1.0%, Cr: 15%, Si: 5.0%, B: 3.5%, Fe: 3.0%, MoC: 3.0%, with the balance being Ni.

[0089] The thickness of the transition layer is 300 μm, and the particle size of MoC is 20 μm.

[0090] A method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner includes the following steps:

[0091] S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix.

[0092] Hot rolling involves heating the sheet to 1150℃ and holding it at that temperature for 3 hours. The initial rolling temperature is ≥1050℃, the final rolling temperature is 800℃, and the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet obtained by air cooling to room temperature is 12mm.

[0093] The heat treatment process involves first heating to 1200℃, holding at that temperature for 3 seconds, and then water cooling to room temperature. Next, it is held at 800℃ for 20 minutes, then at 300℃ for 10 minutes, and finally allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0094] S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection.

[0095] The laser power for laser cladding is 1.2kW, the scanning speed is 6mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0096] S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer in sequence on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body.

[0097] The laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.2kW, and the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 16kW. The scanning speed is 6mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

[0098] S4. Keep the plate at 200℃ for 3 hours, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

[0099] Comparative Example 1

[0100] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no transition layer is provided in this comparative example; the wear-resistant layer is directly clad onto the substrate using the wear-resistant layer cladding process parameters described in Example 1. The composition and process parameters of the wear-resistant layer and the substrate are the same as in Example 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the wear-resistant layer in this comparative example does not have a bottom layer and a middle layer, but only a surface layer with a thickness of 4.8 mm. The components of the substrate, transition layer, and surface layer, as well as the preparation process parameters, are the same as in Example 1.

[0103] Comparative Example 3

[0104] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the tungsten carbide in the surface layer of this comparative example consists only of tungsten carbide with a particle size of 6 μm. The composition of the substrate, transition layer, and wear-resistant layer, as well as the preparation process parameters, are the same as in Example 1 in this comparative example.

[0105] The tensile strength and yield strength of the liners prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested according to GB / T 228—2002 "Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing at Room Temperature". The room temperature impact test was performed according to GB / T229-2007 "Metallic Materials - Impact Testing". Wear performance was tested using an abrasive wear tester with a test load of 300 N and a test time of 3 hours. The test results of the liner performance are shown in Table 1.

[0106] Table 1. Test results of lining plate performance

[0107]

[0108] As can be seen from Table 1, the liner of the present invention has high impact toughness, tensile strength and wear resistance. The transition layer between the substrate and the wear-resistant layer and the wear-resistant layer are set as stepped components, which is beneficial to improving the wear resistance, tensile strength and impact resistance of the liner.

[0109] Therefore, the high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner and its preparation method described in this invention can solve the problems of poor impact resistance and poor wear resistance of existing liners.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner, characterized in that: The device includes a substrate, a wear-resistant layer disposed on top of the substrate, and a transition layer disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the substrate. The substrate comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.15%-0.2%, Mn: 2.5%-3.2%, Si: 1.0%-1.5%, Al: 0.5%-1.3%, Cr: 0.6%-0.9%, Mo: 0.2%-0.3%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%, Cu: 0.2%-0.3%, Ti: 0.02%-0.08%, and S not exceeding 0.015%. The wear-resistant layer comprises, by mass percentage: WC: 30%-85%, Co: 5%-70%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-5.0%; the transition layer comprises, by mass percentage: C: 0.7%-1.1%, Cr: 15%-17%, Si: 3.5%-5.0%, B: 3.5%-5.0%, Fe: 3.0%-5.0%, MoC: 2%-3%, with the balance being Ni.

2. The high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant layer includes a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer. The bottom layer is connected to the substrate through a transition layer. The thickness of the bottom layer is 0.5mm-1mm, the thickness of the middle layer is 0.5mm-1mm, and the thickness of the top layer is 2mm-5mm.

3. The high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 30%-40%, Co: 55%-65%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 4.0%-5.0%; the middle layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 50%-60%, Co: 35%-45%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 3.0%-4.0%; the top layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: WC: 70%-85%, Co: 10%-25%, rare earth oxides: 0.1%-0.2%, Ni: 2.0%-3.0%.

4. The high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom and middle layers of WC have a particle size of 20μm-50μm; the surface layer of WC comprises 60%-70% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 5μm-10μm and 30%-40% tungsten carbide with a particle size of 0.5μm-1μm by mass percentage.

5. The high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth oxide is cerium oxide with a particle size of 2μm-5μm; the cobalt powder has a particle size of 5μm-10μm, and the nickel powder has a particle size of 2μm-5μm.

6. The high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the transition layer is 200μm-300μm, and the particle size of MoC is 10μm-20μm.

7. A method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the matrix by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, adding the raw materials to a vacuum induction melting furnace for melting, casting after melting to obtain a slab, hot rolling and heat treatment of the slab to obtain the matrix. S2. Weigh the transition layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the transition layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and clad the transition layer on the substrate surface by laser cladding process under argon protection. S3. Weigh the wear-resistant layer raw materials according to the mass ratio, mix the wear-resistant layer raw materials by ball milling and dry them, and then clad the bottom layer, middle layer and surface layer sequentially on the transition layer through laser cladding process under argon protection to obtain the plate body. S4. Hold the plate at 180℃-200℃ for 2h-4h, then cool it to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the lining plate.

8. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, hot rolling involves heating the plate to 1100℃-1200℃, holding it at that temperature for 2-3 hours, with an initial rolling temperature ≥1050℃, a final rolling temperature of 700℃-800℃, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 10mm-15mm. The heat treatment involves first heating to 1100℃-1200℃, holding it at that temperature for 2s-5s, and then water cooling to room temperature; then holding it at 750℃-800℃ for 20min-30min, and then holding it at 250℃-400℃ for 10min-30min, followed by natural cooling to room temperature.

9. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, the laser power of laser cladding is 1.0kW-1.4kW, the scanning speed is 6mm / s-8mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is not greater than 200℃.

10. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant and impact-resistant liner according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S3, the laser power for the bottom cladding is 1.2kW-1.4kW, the laser power for the middle and top cladding is 1.5kW-1.8kW, the scanning speed is 5mm / s-7mm / s, the powder feeding rate is 15g / min-20g / min, and the interlayer temperature is no more than 200℃.

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