Pulp-spot-free pretreatment clean dyeing and finishing method for chemical and blended fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cloth processing, and particularly discloses a slurry-spot-free pretreatment clean dyeing and finishing method for chemical and blended fabrics, which comprises the following steps: (1) soaking the chemical and blended fabrics in a pretreatment solution, transferring the soaked chemical and blended fabrics into a composite desizing solution, and stirring to obtain desized chemical and blended fabrics; (2) putting the desized chemical and blended fabric into a weakly alkaline scouring agent, performing scouring treatment, transferring into a bleaching solution for bleaching, performing flushing treatment, and drying until the water content is less than or equal to 5%, so as to obtain the dried chemical and blended fabric; and (3) putting the dried chemical and blended fabric into a dyeing solution containing dye, carrying out dyeing treatment to obtain a dyed chemical and blended fabric, and carrying out color fixation treatment, water washing and drying on the dyed chemical and blended fabric to obtain the pulp-spot-free chemical and blended fabric. According to the non-slurry-spot pretreatment clean dyeing and finishing method for the chemical fiber fabric, desizing is thorough, refining is uniform, a good foundation is laid for dyeing and fixation, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fabric processing technology, and more specifically, it relates to a method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment. Background Technology

[0002] Synthetic fiber fabrics are widely used in clothing, home textiles, and industrial textiles due to their excellent properties such as high strength, good abrasion resistance, and good stiffness. Dyeing and finishing are key steps to improve the performance and appearance of synthetic fiber fabrics, and pretreatment, as the first step in dyeing and finishing, directly determines the effect of subsequent dyeing, printing, and other processes. Among these, the desizing effect is particularly critical.

[0003] In the weaving process of synthetic fiber fabrics, sizing agents are usually applied to the warp yarns to form a sizing film in order to reduce warp breakage and improve weaving efficiency. Commonly used sizing agents mainly include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylate, starch and its derivatives, among which PVA is the most widely used in synthetic fiber weaving due to its good film-forming properties and strong adhesion. However, PVA sizing agents have a large molecular weight and poor water solubility, making it difficult to completely remove them through conventional pretreatment desizing processes, and they easily form sizing spots on the fabric surface. These sizing spots can lead to uneven dye application during subsequent dyeing processes, resulting in defects such as color difference and uneven coloring, which seriously affects product quality. At the same time, the residual sizing agent also increases the processing difficulty and cost of subsequent processes.

[0004] Currently, desizing processes for pretreatment of synthetic fiber fabrics mainly include alkaline desizing, enzymatic desizing, and oxidative desizing. Alkaline desizing utilizes strong alkali to cause swelling and degradation of the sizing agent under high temperature conditions, followed by water washing. However, this process requires high temperatures (typically 80-100℃) and high alkali concentrations (NaOH concentration 20-50g / L), resulting in high energy consumption, strong corrosion to equipment, and extremely high pH levels in the wastewater, leading to high subsequent treatment costs and failing to meet clean production requirements. Enzymatic desizing utilizes the catalytic action of specific enzymes to degrade the sizing agent, offering the advantage of mild reaction conditions. However, enzymes are highly specific, resulting in poor desizing effects on mixed sizing agents. Furthermore, enzyme activity is easily affected by factors such as temperature and pH, exhibiting poor stability and making it difficult to meet the demands of continuous industrial production. Oxidative desizing uses oxidants to destroy the molecular structure of the sizing agent, causing its degradation. Commonly used oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, can easily damage synthetic fiber fabrics during use, leading to a decrease in fabric strength.

[0005] Furthermore, in existing pretreatment processes, desizing, scouring, and bleaching are typically performed independently, resulting in poor coordination between these processes. Fabrics are susceptible to secondary contamination during transfer between these processes, and multiple washes lead to high water consumption. Simultaneously, mismatched processing conditions in each step further exacerbate the risk of sizing stain formation. For instance, incompletely desizing fabrics may react with scouring agents during scouring, forming stubborn stains that are more difficult to remove. Therefore, developing a pretreatment cleaning and dyeing method for synthetic fiber fabrics that can thoroughly remove sizing and prevent sizing stain formation has become a pressing technical challenge for the synthetic fiber dyeing and finishing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background art, this application provides a method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment.

[0007] A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Soak the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10-20 minutes, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution and stir for 20-40 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. (2) Place the desized chemical fiber fabric in a weak alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15-30 minutes. After bleaching in a bleaching solution, rinse and dry until the moisture content is ≤5% to obtain the dried chemical fiber fabric. (3) Place the dried chemical fiber fabric into a dyeing solution containing dye and dye it for 40-60 minutes to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric. Then, fix the dyed chemical fiber fabric, wash it with water, and dry it to obtain a chemical fiber fabric without sizing spots.

[0008] Preferably, the pretreatment solution in step (1) is an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant with a mass concentration of 0.5-1.5%.

[0009] Preferably, the nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10-12:5-8:150-200.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), the composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1-3 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5-1.2 g / L of penetrant, 0.3-0.8 g / L of chelating agent, and the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-8.0.

[0011] Preferably, the biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5-10:5-8:10-30; wherein the pectic acid lyase activity is ≥2000U / g, the neutral cellulase activity is ≥1500U / g, and the desizing enzyme activity is ≥3000U / g.

[0012] Preferably, the penetrant is one of penetrant JFC or penetrant T.

[0013] Preferably, the chelating agent is one of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate and sodium citrate.

[0014] Preferably, the weakly alkaline refining agent in step (2) is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1-2:2-5:200-300, and the pH value is adjusted to 8.0-10.0.

[0015] Preferably, the bleaching temperature in step (2) is 50-60℃ and the bleaching time is 20-40min.

[0016] Preferably, in step (2), the bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2-5 g / L hydrogen peroxide, 1-3 g / L bleaching stabilizer, and pH adjusted to 9.0-11.0.

[0017] Preferably, the bleaching stabilizer is one of sodium silicate and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the dye is selected according to the type of chemical fiber fabric: when the chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric, disperse dye is selected; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyamide fabric, acid dye is selected; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyacrylonitrile fabric, cationic dye is selected.

[0019] Preferably, the dyeing treatment in step (3) is selected according to the type of chemical fiber fabric: when the chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric, the dyeing temperature is 120-130℃ and the pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyamide fabric, the dyeing temperature is 100-110℃ and the pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyacrylonitrile fabric, the dyeing temperature is 100-110℃ and the pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa.

[0020] Preferably, the color-fixing treatment in step (3) is as follows: the dyed chemical fiber fabric is placed in a color-fixing solution containing a color-fixing agent and treated for 15-25 minutes at a temperature of 40-60℃.

[0021] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: This application utilizes a blend of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether as a nonionic surfactant in the pretreatment solution. Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether possesses excellent emulsifying and dispersing capabilities, while isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether exhibits stronger penetration and diffusion properties. The complementary molecular structures allow the pretreatment solution to rapidly penetrate the interfiber spaces of the synthetic fiber fabric. This effectively removes residual oil, wax, and other impurities from the weaving process, softens the sizing structure, and weakens the adhesion between the sizing and the fiber, clearing key obstacles for the subsequent desizing process and reducing the material basis for sizing spot formation at the source. A bio-enzyme preparation is prepared by blending pectin acid lyase, neutral cellulase, and desizing enzyme, constructing a precise and efficient enzymatic hydrolysis system: pectin acid lyase directionally decomposes pectin-like binding components in the sizing, neutral cellulase gently removes trace cellulose impurities from the fiber surface, and desizing enzyme specifically degrades the main sizing molecular chain. The appropriate ratio of the three avoids the limitations of a single enzyme system, and the synergistic effect of the enzyme system significantly improves the thoroughness of desizing, effectively preventing residual sizing from accumulating on the fabric surface and forming sizing spots. Sodium lauryl ether sulfate and cocamidopropyl betaine are combined as a weakly alkaline scouring agent component, and ultrasonic-assisted scouring creates a dual strengthening effect: the strong emulsifying properties of the former complement the excellent dispersibility of the latter, and with the cavitation effect of ultrasound, residual sizing debris, enzymatic products, and other impurities can be quickly removed after desizing. The mild properties of the weakly alkaline system and the compound components work synergistically to avoid excessive swelling and damage to the fibers, maintain fiber structural stability, and provide a clean and uniform base for subsequent bleaching and dyeing. Through precise adjustment and control of parameters such as liquor ratio, temperature, and time in each stage, combined with bleaching and precise drying processes: the liquor ratio in pretreatment, desizing, and dyeing stages is adjusted as needed to ensure agent concentration and efficiency, resulting in more uniform dye adsorption during dyeing and significantly improved color fastness after fixing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0023] The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (model: A-20) used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention was purchased from Xingtai Xinlanxing Technology Co., Ltd.; isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (model: E-1306) was purchased from Tianjin Daixu Chemical Trading Co., Ltd.; pectic acid lyase (enzyme activity: 7000U / g), neutral cellulase (enzyme activity: 7000U / g) and desizing enzyme (enzyme activity: 7000U / g) were all purchased from Hunan Lierkang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; pectinase (enzyme activity: 7000U / g) was purchased from Shandong Nuojie Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; cellulase was purchased from Taian Xindeli Bioengineering Co., Ltd.; penetrant JFC was purchased from Sanda Chemical (Nantong) Co., Ltd.; sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate was purchased from Jinan Hengteng Chemical Co., Ltd.; cocamidopropyl betaine was purchased from Hubei Zhongnuo Yaxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; polyester fabric was purchased from Hebei Changxing Sealing and Insulation Materials Co., Ltd.; disperse dye was purchased from Zhejiang Yizhou Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; and fixing agent (model: RG-E) was purchased from Weifang Ruiguang Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0024] Examples 1-3 provide a method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment.

[0025] Example 1 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:10, the chemical fiber fabric was immersed in the pretreatment solution for 10 minutes, then transferred to the composite desizing solution. The liquor ratio was controlled at 1:12, and the mixture was stirred at 30 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution was a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution was composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10:5:150. The composite desizing solution used deionized water as a solvent and was composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The solution was prepared using 0.1 g / L of pH 4.5 solution. The pH value was adjusted to 6.0 with mol / L citrate buffer. The biological enzyme preparation consisted of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant was JFC, the chelating agent was disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the chemical fiber fabric was polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃ until the moisture content was 5%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0026] Example 2 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:11, the chemical fiber fabric was immersed in the pretreatment solution for 15 minutes, then transferred to the composite desizing solution. The liquor ratio was controlled at 1:16, and the mixture was stirred at 40 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution was a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.0%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution was composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 11:7:180. The composite desizing solution used deionized water as a solvent and was composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.8 g / L of penetrant, and 0.5 g / L of chelating agent. The solution was prepared using a 0.1% pH solution at 4.5. The pH value was adjusted to 7.0 with mol / L citrate buffer. The biological enzyme preparation consisted of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 8:7:20. The penetrant was JFC, the chelating agent was disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the chemical fiber fabric was polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:14, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 20 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300W, ultrasonic frequency of 50kHz, and temperature of 70℃. After that, it was transferred to bleaching liquid, and the liquor ratio was controlled at 1:12. After bleaching for 30 minutes at a temperature of 55℃, it was rinsed 4 times with 45℃ water and 2 times with 15℃ water, with each rinsing time being 8 minutes. After that, it was dried at 90℃ until the moisture content was 4%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained, wherein the weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1.5:4:250, and the pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: hydrogen peroxide 4g / L, bleaching stabilizer 2g / L, and the pH value is adjusted to 10.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:15, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 125℃, pressure is 0.25MPa, dyeing treatment is 50min, and the dyed chemical fiber fabric is obtained; place the dyed chemical fiber fabric in the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:18, fix the color at 50℃ for 20min, rinse twice with 45℃ warm water for 8min each time, and dry at 90℃ for 8h, to obtain the chemical fiber fabric without sizing spots. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 2.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 2.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0027] Example 3 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the chemical fiber fabric was immersed in the pretreatment solution for 20 minutes, then transferred to the composite desizing solution. The liquor ratio was controlled at 1:20, and the mixture was stirred at 50 rpm for 40 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution was a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution was composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 12:8:200. The composite desizing solution used deionized water as a solvent and was composed of the following components in mass concentration: 3 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 1.2 g / L of penetrant, and 0.8 g / L of chelating agent. The solution was prepared using a 0.1% pH solution at 4.5. The pH value was adjusted to 8.0 with mol / L citrate buffer. The biological enzyme preparation consisted of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 10:8:30. The penetrant was JFC, the chelating agent was disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the chemical fiber fabric was polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:15, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scourted for 30 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 400W, ultrasonic frequency of 60kHz, and temperature of 80℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution, and the liquor ratio was controlled at 1:15. After bleaching for 40 minutes at a temperature of 60℃, it was rinsed 5 times with 50℃ water and 3 times with 20℃ water, with each rinsing time being 10 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 100℃ until the moisture content was 3%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:5:300. The pH value is adjusted to 10.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 5g / L hydrogen peroxide and 3g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 11.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:20, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 130℃, pressure is 0.3MPa, dyeing treatment for 60min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:20, fix the color at 60℃ for 25min, rinse three times with 50℃ warm water, each rinse time is 10min, and dry at 100℃ for 10h, to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 5.0% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 3.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Control the bath ratio to 1:10, immerse the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10 min, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution, control the bath ratio to 1:12, stir at 30 rpm for 20 min to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution is a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water with a mass ratio of 15:150. The composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components according to mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The pH value is adjusted to 6.0 with 0.1 mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 4.5. The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme with a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant is penetrant JFC, and the chelating agent is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃ until the moisture content was 5%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min each time, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0029] Ratio 2 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Control the bath ratio to 1:10, immerse the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10 min, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution, control the bath ratio to 1:12, stir at 30 rpm for 20 min to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution is a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water with a mass ratio of 15:150. The composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components according to mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The pH value is adjusted to 6.0 with 0.1 mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 4.5. The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme with a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant is penetrant JFC, and the chelating agent is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃ until the moisture content was 5%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0030] Comparative Example 3 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Control the bath ratio to 1:10, immerse the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10 min, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution, control the bath ratio to 1:12, stir at 30 rpm for 20 min to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution is a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10:5:150. The composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The pH value is adjusted to 6.0 with 0.1 mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 4.5. The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectinase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant is penetrant JFC, and the chelating agent is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃ until the moisture content was 5%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0031] Comparative Example 4 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Control the bath ratio to 1:10, immerse the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10 min, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution, control the bath ratio to 1:12, stir at 30 rpm for 20 min to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution is a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10:5:150. The composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The pH value is adjusted to 6.0 with 0.1 mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 4.5. The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant is penetrant JFC, and the chelating agent is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. After that, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃ until the moisture content was 5%. The dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0032] Comparative Example 5 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Control the bath ratio to 1:10, immerse the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10 min, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution, control the bath ratio to 1:12, stir at 30 rpm for 20 min to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution is a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10:5:150. The composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. Adjust the pH value to 6.0. The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant is penetrant JFC and the chelating agent is disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric. (2) Control the liquor ratio to 1:12, put the desized chemical fiber fabric into a weak alkaline scouring agent, and scour it for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and temperature of 60℃. Then transfer it to the bleaching solution, control the liquor ratio to 1:10, and bleach it for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then rinse it three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinsing time being 5 minutes. Dry it at 80℃. The moisture content is reduced to 5% to obtain the dried chemical fiber fabric. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 3:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1 mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2 g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1 g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1 mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0033] Comparative Example 6 A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment includes the following steps: (1) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:10, the chemical fiber fabric was immersed in the pretreatment solution for 10 minutes, then transferred to the composite desizing solution. The liquor ratio was controlled at 1:12, and the mixture was stirred at 30 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. The pretreatment solution was a nonionic surfactant aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%. The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution was composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10:5:150. The composite desizing solution used deionized water as a solvent and was composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5 g / L of penetrant, and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent. The solution was prepared using 0.1 g / L of pH 4.5 solution. The pH value was adjusted to 6.0 with mol / L citrate buffer. The biological enzyme preparation consisted of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5:5:10. The penetrant was JFC, the chelating agent was disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the chemical fiber fabric was polyester fabric. (2) Controlling the liquor ratio at 1:12, the desized chemical fiber fabric was placed in a weakly alkaline scouring agent and scourted for 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200W, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, and temperature of 60℃. Afterward, it was transferred to a bleaching solution with a liquor ratio of 1:10 and bleached for 20 minutes at 50℃. Then, it was rinsed three times with 40℃ water and once with 10℃ water, with each rinse lasting 5 minutes. Finally, it was dried at 80℃. The moisture content is 5%, and the dried chemical fiber fabric is obtained. The weak alkaline scouring agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and deionized water in a mass ratio of 3:200. The pH value is adjusted to 8.0 with 0.1 mol / L NaOH. The bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2 g / L hydrogen peroxide and 1 g / L bleaching stabilizer. The pH value is adjusted to 9.0 with 0.1 mol / L NaOH. The bleaching stabilizer is sodium silicate. (3) Control the liquor ratio to 1:10, put the dried chemical fiber fabric into the dyeing solution containing dye, dyeing treatment temperature is 120℃, pressure is 0.2MPa, dyeing treatment for 40min, to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric; put the dyed chemical fiber fabric into the fixing solution containing the fixing agent, control the liquor ratio to 1:15, fix the color at 40℃ for 15min, rinse once with 40℃ warm water for 5min, and dry at 80℃ for 5h to obtain the sizing spot-free chemical fiber fabric. The dye is a disperse dye, the amount of dye in the dyeing solution is 0.5% of the weight of the dried chemical fiber fabric, and the amount of fixing agent in the fixing solution is 1.0% of the weight of the dyed chemical fiber fabric.

[0034] Performance testing The stain-free pretreatment cleaning and dyeing performance of the stain-free pretreatment cleaning and dyeing methods for chemical fiber fabrics provided in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of this application was tested: Color uniformity: Referring to the national standard GB / T 250-2008 "Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Assessment of color change - Gray scale", the gray scale comparison method was used to test the color difference (ΔE) on the fabric surface. Wash fastness; tested in accordance with national standard GB / T 3921-2013 "Textiles - Tests for color fastness to soap washing"; Abrasion fastness: Tested in accordance with the national standard GB / T 3920-2008 "Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to rubbing"; Visual rating of sizing spots on fabric surface: The test was conducted using a standard light source box (D65) and a 5-level rating system (Level 5: no sizing spots, Level 1: severe sizing spots). The specific statistical results are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1. Cleaning and dyeing performance of the chemical fiber fabrics provided in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 without sizing spots during pretreatment. As shown in Table 1, the pretreatment cleaning and dyeing method for chemical fiber fabrics provided in this application exhibits excellent overall performance. The visual rating of sizing spots on the fabric surface reaches level 5, achieving a sizing-free effect. In contrast, the comparative example, due to the lack of compound components or improper selection of enzyme preparations, shows obvious sizing spot residue. Regarding dyeing uniformity, the example has a ΔE value < 1.5, resulting in more uniform dyeing without color deviation, while the comparative example has a ΔE ≥ 1.7, which is prone to color unevenness. In terms of wash fastness and rubbing fastness, the examples all achieve level 5, meeting the requirements of practical scenarios. This method achieves thorough desizing and uniform scouring, laying a good foundation for dyeing and color fixing, balancing cleanliness and environmental protection with the practical performance of the fabric, and has broad application prospects.

[0036] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning and dyeing synthetic fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Soak the chemical fiber fabric in the pretreatment solution for 10-20 minutes, then transfer it to the composite desizing solution and stir for 20-40 minutes to obtain the desized chemical fiber fabric. (2) Place the desized chemical fiber fabric in a weak alkaline scouring agent and scouring for 15-30 minutes. After bleaching in a bleaching solution, rinse and dry until the moisture content is ≤5% to obtain the dried chemical fiber fabric. (3) Place the dried chemical fiber fabric into a dyeing solution containing dye and dye it for 40-60 minutes to obtain the dyed chemical fiber fabric. Then, fix the dyed chemical fiber fabric, wash it with water, and dry it to obtain a chemical fiber fabric without sizing spots.

2. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment solution in step (1) is an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant with a mass concentration of 0.5-1.5%.

3. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nonionic surfactant aqueous solution is composed of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and deionized water in a mass ratio of 10-12:5-8:150-200.

4. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the composite desizing solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 1-3 g / L of biological enzyme preparation, 0.5-1.2 g / L of penetrant, 0.3-0.8 g / L of chelating agent, and the pH value is adjusted to 6.0-8.

0.

5. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The biological enzyme preparation is composed of pectic acid lyase, neutral cellulase and desizing enzyme in a mass ratio of 5-10:5-8:10-30; wherein the pectic acid lyase activity is ≥2000U / g, the neutral cellulase activity is ≥1500U / g, and the desizing enzyme activity is ≥3000U / g.

6. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the weakly alkaline refining agent is composed of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1-2:2-5:200-300, and the pH value is adjusted to 8.0-10.

0.

7. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the bleaching solution uses deionized water as a solvent and is composed of the following components in mass concentration: 2-5 g / L hydrogen peroxide, 1-3 g / L bleaching stabilizer, and pH adjusted to 9.0-11.

0.

8. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bleaching stabilizer is one of sodium silicate and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid.

9. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the dye is selected according to the type of chemical fiber fabric: when the chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric, disperse dye is selected; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyamide fabric, acid dye is selected; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyacrylonitrile fabric, cationic dye is selected.

10. The method for cleaning and dyeing chemical fiber fabrics without sizing spots during pretreatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the dyeing treatment is selected according to the type of chemical fiber fabric: when the chemical fiber fabric is polyester fabric, the dyeing temperature is 120-130℃ and the pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyamide fabric, the dyeing temperature is 100-110℃ and the pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa; when the chemical fiber fabric is polyacrylonitrile fabric, the dyeing temperature is 100-110℃ and the pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa.

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