Installation and construction method for side slope lining plate of channel in cold region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-standard farmland construction in cold regions. A cold region channel slope lining plate installation construction method comprises the steps that after channel slope foundation construction is completed, a track used for a channel slope lining plate installation machine to walk is installed; a truss is mounted on the track; a precast slab mounting platform is mounted on the truss; adjusting the inclination of the truss, the precast slab mounting platform and the simulated slope to be consistent; the prefabricated slab is placed on the prefabricated slab mounting platform; the prefabricated plate mounting platform is moved in the truss direction to the to-be-mounted position of the prefabricated lining plate; adjusting the position of the prefabricated plate mounting platform to mount the prefabricated lining plate; the installation operation is repeated until all the prefabricated slabs in the installation section are installed; and the truss is moved to the next installation section, and the operation from the fifth step to the eighth step is repeated till all the slope surfaces of the whole channel are constructed. According to the method, mechanical lining installation is adopted, damage to the sand cushion layer in the manual installation process is avoided, and the overall installation precision and flatness of the prefabricated slab are accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-standard farmland construction technology in cold regions, specifically to a method for installing lining panels on canal slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of high-standard farmland in cold regions, water conservancy facilities are the core projects for ensuring food security, and their quality directly determines the region's agricultural productivity. As a key carrier for irrigation water conveyance, canals must directly face the special challenges of freeze-thaw cycles and agricultural machinery compaction in cold regions; therefore, canal lining becomes a core construction procedure.

[0003] In farmland irrigation projects in the cold regions of Northeast China, canal lining has formed a technical system dominated by precast concrete lining slabs. The advantages of concrete lining slabs are mainly reflected in their core performance adapting to the needs of cold regions: ① Strong frost resistance, able to cope with extreme low temperatures of -30℃ and freeze-thaw cycles; ② Excellent seepage prevention, reducing irrigation water leakage. Although existing technologies have shortcomings, the lining slabs themselves still significantly improve the seepage prevention effect compared to traditional processes; ③ Convenient and efficient construction: They can be prefabricated and quickly assembled on-site, reducing the dependence on the environment for on-site pouring and adapting to the construction period requirements of farmland projects; ④ Good structural stability: Through designs such as seamless or flexible connections, the overall integrity is improved, and it can resist loads such as agricultural machinery rolling to a certain extent. Combined with measures such as insulation layers, its adaptability to cold regions can be enhanced; ⑤ Mature technology and easy to promote: Concrete lining slabs have formed a complete set of prefabrication processes, and there is a foundation for their application in high-standard farmland projects in many places.

[0004] In high-standard farmland projects in cold regions, the cross-sectional dimensions of channels are relatively small, generally not exceeding 3 meters in bottom width and 3 meters in depth. The dimensions of the channel lining panels are typically 0.5m (length) * 0.5m (width) * 0.1m (thickness), and precast panels are mostly installed without connections. The sides of the channels are primarily basic farmland. According to the project schedule requirements for high-standard farmland projects in cold regions, to ensure normal cultivation, the channels must be completed before spring planting, and the installation of the channel lining panels is scheduled between the autumn harvest of the current year and the spring planting of the following year. Currently, the installation of channel slope lining panels is mostly done manually. Considering the construction goals of "high efficiency, high quality, and low cost" for high-standard farmland in cold regions, and the special characteristics of construction in permafrost environments, the existing lining panel installation technology still has many prominent shortcomings, specifically: Firstly, the installation efficiency is low. The installation of channel lining plates is mostly done manually, which requires a large investment of manpower and cannot meet the needs of large-scale construction.

[0005] Secondly, the installation of precast lining panels must be carried out on slopes, which poses a high risk to construction safety.

[0006] Third, the construction costs are relatively high, and the installation relies heavily on manual labor, which contradicts the goal of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0007] Existing technologies have relatively mature processes for channel slope shaping, shotcrete support, and prefabrication of channel lining panels, mainly as follows: ① "A Channel Lining Device for Water Conservancy Projects CN202411187443.6", which sprays a curing agent onto the channel foundation soil through a spraying mechanism, reducing the amount of soil frost heave deformation and solving the problem of frost heave damage to the channel foundation soil when channel lining machines are applied to water conveyance channels in cold regions. ② "A Channel Lining Device for Water Conservancy Projects CN202411005046.2", this invention can transport accumulated soil out of the channel and level the channel sidewalls, making the concrete laying more uniform and improving the quality of concrete laying. However, in terms of channel lining panel installation, there are obvious shortcomings in construction efficiency, safety risks, and cost control. Therefore, developing a lining panel installation construction method that is efficient, safe, reliable, and economical has become an urgent need to promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of farmland water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention primarily addresses the current issue of slope lining slab installation still relying mainly on manual labor, avoiding the safety hazards and high costs associated with manual installation. It provides a construction method for installing slope lining slabs in cold regions, utilizing mechanical equipment to improve construction efficiency and reduce costs. This method offers significant advantages in its applicability to slope installation and effectively solves technical challenges in slope installation.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is: a method for installing lining panels on channel slopes in cold regions, the main construction steps of which are as follows: The first step, after the foundation construction of the channel slope is completed, is to install the track used by the machinery for installing the channel slope lining panels. Step 2: Install trusses on the tracks at the top and bottom of the slope; Step 3: Install the precast slab installation platform on the truss. The precast slab installation platform can move along the truss. Step 4: Adjust the truss and precast slab installation platform to match the slope of the proposed slope, ensuring they are parallel to the precast lining slab to be installed; Step 5: Depending on the supply of precast lining slabs, move the precast slab installation platform along the truss to the top or bottom, and place the precast lining slabs on the precast slab installation platform; Step 6: Move the precast slab installation platform along the truss until the intended installation position of the precast lining slab is reached; Step 7: Lower the precast slab installation platform to bring the precast lining slab into contact with the slope surface to be installed. Fine-tune the installation position of the precast lining slab by adjusting the position of the precast slab installation platform. Step 8: After the precast lining slab installation passes the acceptance test, raise the precast slab installation platform and move it along the truss to the initial position; Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until all precast lining slabs in this installation section are installed; Step 10: Move the truss to the next installation section and repeat steps 5 through 8 until the entire channel slope is constructed.

[0010] Preferably, after the first step of shaping the channel slope, laying the sand cushion layer and installing the concrete footing (if any) is completed, a track is installed at the top and bottom of the slope, with the track at the top and the track at the bottom of the slope being parallel.

[0011] Preferably, in the second step, the truss includes two parallel frames, frame A and frame B, which are installed on a track and can move along the track; the length of the frame is adjusted to a suitable length according to the slope length and other factors.

[0012] Preferably, in the third step, the precast slab installation platform is mounted on two truss frames at both ends, and there is a gantry mechanism on the upper part of the truss traveling section, which adjusts the lifting and lowering by means of screws or hand-operated hoists, so that the truss and the precast slab installation platform are parallel to the slope.

[0013] Compared with current channel lining construction methods, this invention represents a qualitative improvement from manual to automated construction, specifically manifested in the following beneficial effects: (1) In terms of quality improvement, the traditional manual installation method involves workers walking on the slope of the already laid sand cushion layer, which can easily damage the already laid sand cushion layer. Moreover, since it is laid piece by piece, it is extremely difficult to control the overall flatness of the laying. In this invention, a longitudinal walking channel is set on the truss and a transverse walking channel is set on the installation platform, which avoids damage to the sand cushion layer during the installation process. At the same time, the prefabricated lining panels of this invention are installed in rows, and the overall installation accuracy and flatness control of the prefabricated lining panels are accurate.

[0014] (2) Regarding risk reduction, the traditional installation of precast lining panels requires manual walking and transporting of blocks on slopes (generally with a slope of 1:1 to 1:1.25). Walking on the laid sand cushion layer poses significant safety hazards, and the installation period for canal lining panels in cold regions is during winter, when people wear thick clothing, further increasing the safety risks of walking on slopes. This invention avoids the risks of walking on slopes and transporting precast lining panels by setting up passageways on the truss and installation platform, thus reducing construction risks.

[0015] (3) In terms of universality, this invention can be widely applied to slope construction with different slopes and slope lengths. The slope of the truss can be adjusted by controlling the height difference between the upper and lower ends of the truss; the length of the truss (bolted connection) can be adjusted according to the slope length, thus making it suitable for slope operations with different slope lengths.

[0016] (4) In terms of efficiency improvement, the traditional method of installing channel lining panels is manual. In cold regions, the installation period for channel lining panels is all in winter, with less than 20 working days per month and an effective construction time of 8 hours per working day. The average person lays 10 panels per hour, and a single person lays 80 panels per day. According to the characteristics of channel construction in cold regions, the number of channel lining panels to be installed is huge, and the channel closure period is clear. Based on the actual situation, an average of 200,000 precast lining panels need to be laid per month, requiring 125 workers per day, which is difficult to organize. This invention has high adaptability to cold environment, with 28 working days per month and an effective construction time of 12 hours per working day. A single set of equipment can be configured with 8 workers and a construction efficiency of 320 panels per hour. A single set of equipment can lay 107,000 panels per month. Two sets of equipment can meet the progress requirements. This invention improves efficiency by 4 times compared to the traditional manual method. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction device for channel slope lining plates of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view of the channel slope installation and construction device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a view from direction A of the channel slope installation and construction device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channel cross-section structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-1 Frame A, 1-2 Frame B, 1-3 Transmission mechanism, 2-1 Precast slab installation platform, 2-2 Lifting mechanism, 2-3 Loading and unloading mechanism, 3-1 Gantry mechanism, 3-2 Adjustment mechanism, 3-3 Traveling mechanism, 4-1 Precast lining slab for channel slope, 4-2 Precast lining slab for channel bottom, 4-3 Precast lining slab for channel top, 5-1 Slope bottom track, 5-2 Slope top track, 6 Sand cushion layer, 7 Geomembrane, 8 Concrete footing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1-3 The device shown is an installation device for lining slabs on channel slopes in cold regions, including a track, a truss, and a precast slab installation platform. The track includes two parallel tracks, namely the top slope track 5-2 and the bottom slope track 5-1, which are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the channel slope. The truss includes a frame and a portal mechanism 3-1, as shown in the figure. The lengths of the two parallel frames A 1-1 and B 1-2 can be connected by bolts and set according to the slope length. A chain-type transmission mechanism 3-3 is installed on frames A and B along the frame direction. The two ends of the precast slab installation platform 2-1 are fixed on the transmission mechanism, and the precast slab installation platform 2-1 can move along the truss frame. The bottom of the portal mechanism 3-1 is fixedly installed on the traveling mechanism 3-3. The traveling mechanism is equipped with pulleys, which are slidably installed with the rails. The traveling mechanism also has a pulley braking mechanism. An adjusting mechanism screw or a hand-operated hoist is installed on the portal mechanism. The adjusting mechanism 3-2 is fixedly connected to the frame. The height of frames A and B can be adjusted up and down. The precast slab installation platform 2-1 is a fixed lifting platform, including a lifting mechanism 2-2 and a loading and unloading mechanism 2-3. The bottom of the lifting mechanism 2-2 is connected to the loading and unloading mechanism 2-3. Suction cups or mechanical grippers are suitable for loading and unloading precast lining slabs.

[0023] The construction method of the precast lining slab 4-1 of the channel slope using the device of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: After the channel slope shaping, sand cushion layer laying and concrete footing installation (if any) are completed, install one track at the top and one at the bottom of the slope. The track at the top and the track at the bottom of the slope are parallel and used for the movement of the machinery installing the channel slope lining slab. Step 2: Select the truss length based on factors such as the slope length. The truss consists of frame A and frame B, which are installed on rails. A gantry mechanism is located at the top of the truss's traveling section. Adjustments are made using screws or hand-operated hoists to control the height difference between the upper and lower ends of the truss, thereby adjusting the truss's slope to match the channel slope. Figure 2 As shown; Step 3: Install the precast slab installation platform at both ends of frame A and frame B, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the precast slab installation platform adopts a lifting platform, and a fixed lifting platform is more suitable. A chain drive or other device is set on the truss to move the precast slab installation platform up and down. The precast slab installation platform can move along the truss. Step 4: Based on the slope of the proposed installation slope, adjust the truss and precast slab installation platform to be consistent with the slope inclination by using screws or hand-operated hoists, so that the truss and precast slab installation platform are parallel to the slope and ensure that they are parallel to the precast lining slab to be installed. Step 5: Depending on the location of the precast lining slab supply, move the precast slab installation platform along the truss to the top or bottom, place the precast lining slab on the lifting precast slab installation platform, depending on whether the precast lining slab is transported to the site from the top or bottom of the slope; Step 6: Move the precast slab installation platform along the truss to the intended installation position of the precast lining slab; Step 7: Lower the precast slab installation platform to make the precast lining slab contact the slope surface to be installed. Fine-tune the installation position of the precast lining slab by adjusting the left and right positions of the lifting platform, and then install the precast lining slab. Step 8: After the precast lining slab installation passes the acceptance test, raise the precast slab installation platform and move it along the truss to the initial position; Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until all precast lining slabs in this installation section are installed; Step 10: Move the truss to the next installation section and repeat steps 5 through 8 until all channel slope lining is installed.

[0024] The precast lining slabs 4-2 at the bottom of the channel and 4-3 at the top of the channel can be constructed using conventional methods. The completed channel cross-section is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the channel mainly includes: sand cushion layer 6, geomembrane 7, concrete footing 8, precast lining slabs for channel slope 4-1, precast lining slabs for channel bottom 4-2, and precast lining slabs for channel top 4-3.

Claims

1. A method for installing lining panels on channel slopes in cold regions, characterized in that, The main construction steps are as follows: The first step, after the foundation construction of the channel slope is completed, is to install the track used by the machinery for installing the channel slope lining panels. Step 2: Install trusses on the tracks at the top and bottom of the slope; Step 3: Install a precast slab installation platform at the bottom of the truss. The precast slab installation platform can move along the truss. Step 4: Adjust the truss and precast slab installation platform to match the slope of the proposed slope, ensuring they are parallel to the precast lining slab to be installed; Step 5: Based on the location of the precast lining slab supply, move the precast slab installation platform along the truss to the top or bottom, and place the precast lining slab on the precast slab installation platform; Step 6: Move the precast slab installation platform along the truss until the intended installation position of the precast lining slab is reached; Step 7: Lower the precast slab installation platform to bring the precast lining slab into contact with the slope surface to be installed. Fine-tune the installation position of the precast lining slab by adjusting the position of the precast slab installation platform. Step 8: After the precast lining slab installation passes the acceptance test, raise the precast slab installation platform and move it along the truss to the initial position; Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until all precast lining slabs in this installation section are installed; Step 10: Move the truss to the next installation section and repeat steps 5 through 8 until all the precast lining panels of the entire channel slope are completed.

2. The method for installing lining panels on channel slopes in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the first step, which involves shaping the channel slope, laying the sand cushion layer, and installing the concrete footing, is completed, a track is installed at the top and bottom of the slope, with the track at the top and bottom of the slope being parallel.

3. The method for installing lining panels on channel slopes in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second step involves a truss consisting of two parallel frames, A and B, which are mounted on a track and can move along the track. The length of the truss is adjusted to a suitable length based on the slope length.

4. The method for installing lining panels on channel slopes in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the third step, the precast slab installation platform is installed at both ends at the bottom of the truss. There is a gantry mechanism on the upper part of the truss traveling section, which is adjusted for lifting by screws or hand-operated hoists to place the precast lining slabs to the designated position on the slope.

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