Discrete material impermeability effect testing device and implementation method

Abstract

The invention provides a discrete material impermeability effect testing device and an implementation method, and relates to the field of environmental protection and energy. The device comprises two groups of liquid mixing units, two groups of plunger pump units, a sample cabin unit and a monitoring analysis unit, the blending mother liquor tank in each group is connected with a blending container through a liquid dropping valve; the optical fiber sensor is connected to a liquid outlet of the mixing container; the liquid dropping valve and the optical fiber sensor in each group are electrically connected with a monitoring analysis unit respectively, and when the concentration, measured by the optical fiber sensor, of the flowing-out mixed liquid is lower than a set value, the monitoring analysis unit controls the liquid dropping valves to be opened and mixed mother liquid is dropped into the mixed container so as to adjust the concentration of the mixed liquid in the mixed container to the set value; and the plunger pump unit is respectively connected with the mixing container and the sample cabin unit. According to the device and the method, the control precision of the membrane effect test is improved by dynamically adjusting the concentration of the mixed liquid, the liquid outlet concentration metering is realized through the optical fiber sensor, and the discrete material membrane effect test precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of environmental protection and energy, and in particular to a device and method for testing the barrier effect of granular materials. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon, bentonite, and other granular materials are often used for water filtration and purification, as well as for the sealed storage of pollutants. Examples include vertical impermeable walls around contaminated sites and seawater desalination filter cartridges. These granular materials are generally in bulk form, forming specific shapes through a certain packing density. This allows pollutants to be trapped as liquid passes through the pores of the bulk material, thus acting as a barrier membrane. Therefore, membrane effect failure testing and analysis under different packing states of bulk materials is crucial for evaluating their performance.

[0003] Currently, membrane effect testing of granular materials generally involves exposing the material to solutions of different concentrations at both ends and analyzing the change in solute potential difference between the two liquids over time under the influence of the concentration difference. Existing techniques involve placing a contaminant at one end of the material and directly contacting liquid water at the other end, analyzing the amount of contaminant passing through by observing changes in the pH or concentration of the water. However, due to factors such as the tendency of particles in high-concentration fluids to precipitate, it is necessary to control the concentration at the upper end of the material used for membrane effect testing to ensure uniformity of the applied concentration. Therefore, a method that can guarantee a stable concentration at the upper end of the material should be provided to facilitate the reasonable determination of the membrane effect of granular materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the objectives of this application is to provide a device for testing the barrier effect of bulk materials, which improves the control accuracy of membrane effect testing by dynamically adjusting the concentration of the mixed solution, realizes the metering of the outlet concentration of corrosive liquid through a non-contact fiber optic sensor, and ensures the uniformity of the concentration distribution of the mixed solution through long-term operation of an ultrasonic mixing table, thereby improving the accuracy of membrane effect testing of bulk materials.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is: A device for testing the barrier effect of granular materials includes two sets of mixing liquid units, two sets of plunger pump units, a sample chamber unit, and a monitoring and analysis unit. Each of the mixing liquid units includes a mixing mother liquor tank, a mixing container, a drip valve, and a fiber optic sensor; the mixing mother liquor tank in each group is connected to the mixing container through a corresponding drip valve for delivering the mixing mother liquor into the mixing container; the fiber optic sensor is connected to the outlet of the mixing container. The dripping valve and the fiber optic sensor in each group are electrically connected to the monitoring and analysis unit. When the concentration of the outflowing mixed solution measured by the fiber optic sensor is lower than the set value, the monitoring and analysis unit controls the dripping valve to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container until the set value is reached. One set of plunger pump units has its inlet connected to the outlet of the corresponding mixing container, and both its upper and lower outlets are connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit for testing; the other set of plunger pump units has its inlet connected to the outlet of the corresponding mixing container, and both its upper and lower outlets are connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit for testing.

[0006] As one technical solution of this application, each group of the mixing liquid units further includes an ultrasonic mixing table and a one-way air inlet valve; the mixing container is placed on the ultrasonic mixing table; the drip valve and the one-way air inlet valve are respectively and spaced apart on the top of the mixing container.

[0007] As one technical solution of this application, one set of plunger pump units includes a first bidirectional plunger pump, a first three-way pipe, and a second three-way pipe; the inlet end of the first three-way pipe is connected to the outlet of the mixing container through a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the first bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; the inlet end of the second three-way pipe is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the first bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit. The two sets of plunger pump units include a second bidirectional plunger pump, a first three-way connecting pipe, and a second three-way connecting pipe. The inlet end of the first three-way connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the mixing container via a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the second bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit. The inlet end of the second three-way connecting pipe is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the second bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit.

[0008] As one technical solution of this application, the monitoring and analysis unit includes a signal acquisition and processing module; the signal acquisition and processing module is electrically connected to the fiber optic sensor and the dripping valve, and is used to receive the concentration information of the outflowing mixed liquid transmitted by the fiber optic sensor, and to control the opening and closing of the dripping valve.

[0009] As one technical solution of this application, the monitoring and analysis unit further includes a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor; the sample chamber unit includes a sample tank, a first permeable plate, a sample, a second permeable plate, and a top cover; the first permeable plate is installed in a positioning groove at the center of the inner wall of the sample tank bottom plate, for conveying the mixed solution to the bottom of the sample; a first pressure measuring interface is provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the sample tank, the top of the first pressure measuring interface is connected to the bottom of the first permeable plate, and the first pressure sensor is installed at the bottom, the first pressure sensor being used to monitor the pressure at the bottom of the sample; the sample is placed in the inner cavity of the sample tank and installed on the first permeable plate. The sample tank is topped with a second permeable plate, which is used to transport the mixed solution to the top of the sample. A top cover is placed over the sample tank and the second permeable plate, and a second pressure measuring interface is provided in the middle. The bottom end of the second pressure measuring interface is connected to the top of the second permeable plate, and a second pressure sensor is provided at the top. The second pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure at the top of the sample. The signal acquisition and processing module is electrically connected to the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, respectively, and is used to receive the pressure information at the top of the sample transmitted by the first pressure sensor and the pressure information at the bottom of the sample transmitted by the second pressure sensor.

[0010] As one technical solution of this application, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet are respectively provided on opposite sides of the sample tank, and the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are respectively connected to the first permeable plate; a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet are respectively provided on opposite sides of the top cover, and the second permeable plate is respectively connected to the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet.

[0011] As one technical solution of this application, the sample chamber unit further includes a sample ring, a sample liner ring, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and sealing screws; the sample ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sample; the sample liner ring is disposed between the sample ring and the sample groove; the first sealing ring is disposed in the gap formed by the bottom of the sample liner ring and the sample groove; the second sealing ring is disposed in the gap formed by the upper part of the sample liner ring and the second permeable plate; and a plurality of sealing screws are respectively connected to the upper cover and the sample groove.

[0012] As one technical solution of this application, it also includes two sets of liquid recovery units, each set of liquid recovery units including a recovery tank and a connecting pipe; one end of the connecting pipe in one set is connected to the upper liquid outlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and the other end is connected to the recovery tank; one end of the connecting pipe in the other set is connected to the lower liquid outlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and the other end is connected to the recovery tank.

[0013] A method for implementing a test apparatus for the impermeability effect of granular materials as described above includes the following steps: S1, connect the corresponding mixing liquid unit to the plunger pump unit; connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of one set of plunger pump units to the upper liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of the other set of plunger pump units to the lower liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; connect the corresponding fiber optic sensor and the drip valve to the signal acquisition and processing module in the monitoring and analysis unit; install the first pressure sensor in the monitoring and analysis unit on the first pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit and the second pressure sensor on the second pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit; S2, the concentration of the mixed solution is set by the signal acquisition and processing module, and the flow rate in the plunger pump unit is set; S3, start the test and record the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor during the test; S4, when the concentration of the mixed solution measured by the fiber optic sensor is lower than the set value, the signal acquisition and processing module controls the dripping valve to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container until the set value is reached; S5. Continue recording the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor during the test until the pressure reading difference during the test begins to decrease and the change within 1 day is less than 0.03 kPa, at which point the test is stopped.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: (1) This application provides a device for testing the barrier effect of bulk materials. When the concentration of the outflowing mixed liquid measured by the fiber optic sensor is lower than the set value, the device controls the dripping valve to open through the monitoring and analysis unit and drips the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container to adjust the concentration of the mixed liquid in the mixing container until the set value is reached. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the concentration of the mixed liquid and improves the control accuracy of the membrane effect test. The non-contact fiber optic sensor realizes the measurement of the outlet concentration of the corrosive liquid, thereby controlling the concentration at the top of the membrane effect test material to ensure that the applied concentration is uniform and that the concentration at the top of the material is stable, which is conducive to the reasonable measurement of the membrane effect of bulk materials and thus effectively improves the test accuracy of the membrane effect of bulk materials.

[0015] (2) This application provides a method for implementing a test device for the barrier effect of granular materials, which involves connecting a mixing liquid unit to a plunger pump unit; connecting the upper outlet of the plunger pump unit to the upper inlet of the sample chamber unit and the lower outlet to the lower inlet of the sample chamber unit; connecting an optical fiber sensor and a drip valve to the signal acquisition and processing module in the monitoring and analysis unit; and setting a first pressure sensor in the monitoring and analysis unit on the first pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit and a second pressure sensor on the second pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit. By controlling the dripping valve to open and drip the mixing mother liquor into the mixing container through the monitoring and analysis unit, the concentration of the mixing solution in the mixing container is adjusted until the set value is reached. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the mixing solution concentration, thereby improving the control accuracy of the membrane effect test. Furthermore, the outlet concentration of the corrosive liquid is measured through a non-contact fiber optic sensor, which in turn controls the concentration at the top of the membrane effect test material to ensure that the applied concentration is uniform and stable. This facilitates the reasonable determination of the membrane effect of the bulk material, thus effectively improving the accuracy of the membrane effect test of bulk materials. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the granular material barrier effect testing device provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0018] Icons: 1-Mixed liquid unit; 11-Ultrasonic mixing station; 12-Mixed container; 13-Drip valve; 14-One-way valve; 15-Outlet; 16-Mixed mother liquor tank; 17-Fiber optic sensor; 2-Plunger pump unit; 21-First bidirectional plunger pump; 22-First tee pipe; 23-Second tee pipe; 24-Second bidirectional plunger pump; 25-First tee connecting pipe; 26-Second tee connecting pipe; 3-Sample chamber unit; 31-Sample tank; 32-Top cover; 33-First permeable plate; 34-Sample ring; 35-Sample liner ring ; 36-First sealing ring; 37-Second sealing ring; 38-Sealing screw; 39-Sample; 310-First liquid inlet; 311-Second liquid inlet; 312-First pressure measuring interface; 313-Second pressure measuring interface; 314-First liquid outlet; 315-Second liquid outlet; 316-Second permeable plate; 4-Liquid recovery unit; 4a-Liquid recovery unit; 41-Recovery bucket; 42-Connecting pipe; 5-Monitoring and analysis unit; 51-First pressure sensor; 52-Second pressure sensor; 53-Signal acquisition and processing module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only used to facilitate the description of this application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0023] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" the first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on" the first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] First embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1This embodiment provides a device for testing the barrier effect of granular materials, which mainly includes two sets of mixing liquid units 1 for uniformly distributing the mixing solution, two sets of plunger pump units 2 for injecting the mixing solution, a sample chamber unit 3 for clamping and fixing the sample 39, two sets of liquid recovery units 4 for collecting the mixing solution, and a monitoring and analysis unit 5 for data monitoring and mixing solution concentration control. Each mixing liquid unit 1 is connected to a corresponding plunger pump unit 2. The upper and lower liquid outlet ends of one set of plunger pump units 2 are connected to the upper liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 via a T-junction. The mixed solution is pumped into the sample chamber unit 3 for testing. The upper and lower outlets of another set of plunger pump units 2 are connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 via tee fittings, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit 3 for testing. Simultaneously, the second outlet 315 at the top of the sample chamber unit 3 is connected to one set of liquid recovery units 4, and the first outlet 314 at the bottom is connected to another set of liquid recovery units 4. Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing module 53 in its monitoring and analysis unit 5 is connected to the fiber optic sensor 17 and the drip valve 13 in the corresponding mixed solution unit 1. Then, when the concentration of the outflowing mixed solution measured by the corresponding fiber optic sensor 17 is lower than the set value, it controls the corresponding dripping valve 13 to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the corresponding mixing container 12 through the monitoring and analysis unit 5, so as to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container 12 until the set value is reached. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the mixed solution concentration to improve the control accuracy of the membrane effect test. The non-contact fiber optic sensor 17 realizes the metering of the outlet concentration of the corrosive liquid, thereby controlling the concentration at the upper and lower ends of the membrane effect test material to ensure that the applied concentration is uniform. To ensure stable concentrations at the top and bottom of the material, it is beneficial to reasonably determine the film effect of the granular material, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the film effect test. In addition, the first pressure sensor 51 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5 is set on the first pressure measuring interface 312 in the sample chamber unit 3, and the second pressure sensor 52 is set on the second pressure measuring interface 313 in the sample chamber unit 3. The first pressure sensor 51 and the second pressure sensor 52 are used to monitor the solute equilibrium pressure between the mixed liquid at the top and bottom ends of the sample 39 in the sample chamber unit 3 and the lower part of the granular material in real time, thereby conducting the film effect test of the granular material.

[0027] The two sets of mixing liquid units 1 each contain different mixing mother liquors, so they can be prepared separately by the two sets of plunger pump units 2 and injected into the sample chamber unit 3. The mixing liquid equipped in one set of plunger pump units 2 enters through the first inlet 310, and the mixing liquid equipped in the other set of plunger pump units 2 enters through the second inlet 311.

[0028] The monitoring and analysis unit 5 includes a first pressure sensor 51, a second pressure sensor 52, and a signal acquisition and processing module 53. The signal acquisition and processing module 53 is electrically connected to the corresponding fiber optic sensor 17, drip valve 13, first pressure sensor 51, and second pressure sensor 52, respectively. It is used to receive the concentration information of the outflowing mixed liquid transmitted by the fiber optic sensor 17, the pressure information at the top of the sample 39 transmitted by the first pressure sensor 51, and the solute balance pressure information between the mixed liquid and the lower part of the bulk material at the bottom of the sample 39 transmitted by the second pressure sensor 52. It is also used to control the opening and closing of the drip valve 13 in each group to adjust the concentration of the mixed liquid in the corresponding mixing container 12 in each group.

[0029] Furthermore, each mixing liquid unit 1 includes a mixing mother liquor tank 16, a mixing container 12, a drip valve 13, an ultrasonic mixing platform 11, a one-way valve 14, and a fiber optic sensor 17. The mixing mother liquor tank 16 is connected to the corresponding mixing container 12 via the drip valve 13, for supplying the mixing mother liquor to the mixing container 12. The fiber optic sensor 17 is connected to the outlet 15 of the mixing container 12. The drip valve 13 and the fiber optic sensor 17 are electrically connected to the monitoring and analysis unit 5. When the concentration of the outflowing mixed liquid measured by the corresponding fiber optic sensor 17 in each group is lower than a set value, [the system will automatically adjust accordingly]. The monitoring and analysis unit 5 controls the corresponding dripping valve 13 to open and drip the mixing mother liquor into the corresponding mixing container 12 to adjust the concentration of the mixing liquid in the mixing container 12 until the set value is reached. The non-contact fiber optic sensor 17 solves the problem of measuring the outlet concentration of corrosive liquid. The mixing container 12 is placed on the ultrasonic homogenizing table 11. The long-term operation of the ultrasonic homogenizing table 11 ensures the uniformity of the concentration distribution of the mixing liquid, thereby improving the accuracy of the film effect test of the bulk material. The dripping valve 13 and the one-way valve 14 are both set on the top surface of the mixing container 12. The liquid outlet 15 is respectively set on the side of the mixing container 12. Meanwhile, the inlet of one set of plunger pump units 2 is connected to the outlet 15 of the corresponding mixing container 12, and the upper outlet and lower outlet are both connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit 3 for testing; the inlet of the other set of plunger pump units 2 is connected to the outlet 15 of the corresponding mixing container 12, and the upper outlet and lower outlet are both connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit 3 for testing.

[0030] It should be noted that one of the plunger pump units 2 includes a first bidirectional plunger pump 21, a first three-way pipe 22, and a second three-way pipe 23; the inlet end of the first three-way pipe 22 is connected to the outlet 15 of the mixing container 12 through a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the first bidirectional plunger pump 21, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 through a three-way valve; the inlet end of the second three-way pipe 23 is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the first bidirectional plunger pump 21, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 through a three-way valve. Another set of plunger pump units 2 includes a second bidirectional plunger pump 24, a first three-way connecting pipe 25, and a second three-way connecting pipe 26; the inlet end of the first three-way connecting pipe 25 is connected to the outlet 15 of the mixing container 12 through a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the second bidirectional plunger pump 24, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3; the inlet end of the second three-way connecting pipe 26 is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the second bidirectional plunger pump 24, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3.

[0031] Furthermore, the sample chamber unit 3 includes a sample tank 31, a first permeable plate 33, a sample 39, a second permeable plate 316, a top cover 32, a sample ring 34, a sample liner ring 35, a first sealing ring 36, a second sealing ring 37, and a sealing screw 38. A first liquid inlet 310 and a first liquid outlet 314 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the sample tank 31, and the first liquid inlet 310 and the first liquid outlet 314 are respectively connected to the first permeable plate 33. The first permeable plate 33 is installed in a positioning groove at the center of the inner wall of the bottom plate of the sample tank 31, and is used to transport the mixed liquid to the bottom of the sample 39. Simultaneously, a first pressure measuring interface 312 is provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the sample tank 31. The top of the first pressure measuring interface 312 is connected to the bottom of the first permeable plate 33, and a first pressure sensor 51 is installed at the bottom. The first pressure sensor 51 is used to monitor the solute level between the mixed liquid in the sample 39 and the upper part of the bulk material. The pressure is balanced; the sample 39 is placed in the inner cavity of the sample tank 31 and installed on the first permeable plate 33; the sample ring 34 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sample 39, the sample liner ring 35 is placed between the sample ring 34 and the sample tank 31, and the first sealing ring 36 is placed in the gap formed by the bottom of the sample liner ring 35 and the sample tank 31; the upper cover 32 is provided with a second liquid inlet 311 and a second liquid outlet 315 on opposite sides, and the second permeable plate 316 is connected to the second liquid inlet 311 and the second liquid outlet 315 respectively; the second permeable plate 316 is installed on the top surface of the sample 39 and is used to transport the mixed liquid to the top of the sample 39; the second sealing ring 37 is placed in the gap formed by the upper part of the sample liner ring 35 and the second permeable plate 316; the upper cover 32 is placed on the sample tank 31 and the second permeable plate 316, and multiple sealing screws 38 are connected to the upper cover 32 and the sample tank 31 respectively. A second pressure measuring interface 313 is provided in the middle of the upper cover 32. The bottom end of the second pressure measuring interface 313 is connected to the top of the second permeable plate 316, and a second pressure sensor 52 is provided at the top. The second pressure sensor 52 is used to monitor the solute equilibrium pressure between the mixed liquid at the top of the sample 39 and the lower part of the bulk material. The signal acquisition and processing module 53 is electrically connected to the first pressure sensor 51 and the second pressure sensor 52 respectively, and is used to receive the pressure information at the top of the sample 39 transmitted by the first pressure sensor 51 and the pressure information at the solute equilibrium pressure between the mixed liquid at the bottom of the sample 39 and the lower part of the bulk material transmitted by the second pressure sensor 52 respectively.

[0032] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of sealing screws 38 can be designed to be three; in other embodiments, the number and installation method can be adaptively designed according to the specific application scenario.

[0033] First, install the first permeable plate 33 in the sample tank 31, install the first sealing ring 36 on the inner circumferential wall at the lower part of the sample tank 31, and install the sample liner 35 into the inner circumferential wall of the sample bottom tank. Place the sample ring 34 with the sample 39 on the edge inside the sample liner 35, and place the second sealing ring 37 on the upper part of the sample ring 34. Then, cover the top of the sample bottom tank with the second permeable plate 316 and use the sealing screw 38 to connect the top cover 32 and the sample bottom tank together.

[0034] Furthermore, each liquid recovery unit 4 includes a recovery tank 41 and a connecting pipe 42; one end of the connecting pipe 42 in one group is connected to the first liquid outlet 314 of the sample chamber unit 3, and the other end is connected to the corresponding recovery tank 41; the upper cover 32 of the recovery tank 41 has a gas outlet with a filter element. In another group, one end of the connecting pipe 42 is connected to the second liquid outlet 315 of the sample chamber unit 3, and the other end is connected to the corresponding recovery tank 41; the upper cover 32 of the recovery tank 41 has a gas outlet with a filter element.

[0035] In one set of plunger pump units 2, the inlet end of the first three-way pipe 22 is connected to the outlet 15 of the corresponding mixing container 12 via a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the first bidirectional plunger pump 21, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3. The inlet end of the second three-way pipe 23 is connected to a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the first bidirectional plunger pump 21, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3. In another set of plunger pump units 2, the inlet end of the first three-way connecting pipe 25 is connected to the outlet 15 of the mixing container 12 via a three-way valve, and the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the second bidirectional plunger pump 24. The liquid outlet is connected to the lower liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3. The liquid inlet of the second three-way connecting pipe 26 is connected to the three-way valve, and the pump inlet is connected to the other end of the second bidirectional plunger pump 24. The liquid outlet is connected to the lower liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3. The corresponding fiber optic sensor 17 and drip valve 13 in each group are connected to the signal acquisition and processing module 53 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5. The first pressure sensor 51 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5 is set on the first pressure measuring interface 312 in the sample chamber unit 3, and the second pressure sensor 52 is set on the second pressure measuring interface 313 in the sample chamber unit 3. The assembly of the bulk material impermeability test device can then be completed.

[0036] In the bulk material barrier effect testing device of this embodiment, a stable solute concentration gradient is established upstream and downstream of the sample 39, and the pressure and concentration changes of the mixed liquid at both ends of the sample 39 are monitored in real time to achieve quantitative characterization of the membrane effect of the bulk material. Specifically, the bulk material to be tested is prepared into a sample 39 with a specified dry density and water content, filled into the sample chamber unit 3, and a one-dimensional permeation channel is formed by the first permeable plate 33 and the second permeable plate 316. The mixed liquid unit 1 supplies liquid to two sets of plunger pump units 2 respectively. The upper and lower liquid outlets of the two sets of plunger pump units 2 are connected to the first liquid inlet 310 and the second liquid inlet 311 of the sample chamber unit 3 respectively. Under the control of the signal acquisition and processing module 53, a mixed liquid containing the same solute but with different concentrations is continuously delivered to both ends of the sample 39 at a set flow rate or pressure, so that a stable concentration difference is formed upstream and downstream of the sample 39.

[0037] The particle skeleton and pore structure of the bulk material selectively impede the solute, allowing the solvent (water) to pass through relatively easily while inhibiting solute migration. This results in an additional solute equilibrium pressure (film pressure) between the upstream and downstream of sample 39 when a concentration gradient exists. In this embodiment, a first pressure sensor 51 on the first pressure measuring interface 312 and a second pressure sensor 52 on the second pressure measuring interface 313 monitor the solute equilibrium pressure between the mixed liquid and the bulk material at the bottom and top of sample 39 in real time, respectively. Simultaneously, the fiber optic sensor 17 in the mixed liquid unit 1 detects the concentration of the outflowing mixed liquid online. When the outlet concentration deviates from the set value, the signal acquisition and processing module 53 automatically controls the drip valve 13 to open or close, replenishing the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container 12, so that the concentrations of the upstream and downstream mixed liquids remain approximately constant throughout the experiment.

[0038] As the testing time increases, the solute transport process inside sample 39 gradually approaches a steady state, the concentration difference between the upstream and downstream mixed solutions remains stable, and the solute equilibrium pressure difference measured by the first pressure sensor 51 and the second pressure sensor 52 also gradually converges. Its steady-state value reflects the membrane pressure response of the granular material under given solute system and concentration gradient conditions. Based on the steady-state solute equilibrium pressure difference and the set concentration difference, parameters such as the membrane efficiency coefficient and permeability barrier coefficient of the granular material can be further calculated, enabling a quantitative evaluation of the permeability barrier effect of the granular material.

[0039] Therefore, this application provides a device for testing the barrier effect of bulk materials. When the concentration of the outflowing mixed liquid measured by the fiber optic sensor 17 is lower than the set value, the monitoring and analysis unit 5 controls the dripping valve 13 to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container 12 to adjust the concentration of the mixed liquid in the mixing container 12 until the set value is reached. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the concentration of the mixed liquid, thereby improving the control accuracy of the membrane effect test. The non-contact fiber optic sensor 17 realizes the measurement of the outlet concentration of the corrosive liquid, thereby controlling the concentration at the top of the membrane effect test material to ensure that the applied concentration is uniform and the concentration at the top of the material is stable, which is conducive to the reasonable measurement of the membrane effect of bulk materials, thus effectively improving the test accuracy of the membrane effect of bulk materials.

[0040] Second embodiment: This embodiment provides an implementation method based on the granular material impermeability testing device in the first embodiment. The method mainly includes the following steps: S1, connect the corresponding mixing liquid unit 1 to the plunger pump unit 2; connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of one set of plunger pump units 2 to the upper liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 respectively, and connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of the other set of plunger pump units 2 to the lower liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit 3 respectively; connect the corresponding fiber optic sensor 17 and drip valve 13 in each set to the signal acquisition and processing module 53 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5 respectively; set the first pressure sensor 51 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5 on the first pressure measuring interface 312 in the sample chamber unit 3 and the second pressure sensor 52 on the second pressure measuring interface 313 in the sample chamber unit 3; S2, the concentration of the mixed solution is set by the signal acquisition and processing module 53, and the flow rate in the plunger pump unit 2 is set; S3, start the test and record the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor 51 and the second pressure sensor 52 during the test; S4, when the concentration of the mixed solution measured by the fiber optic sensor 17 is lower than the set value, the signal acquisition and processing module 53 controls the dripping valve 13 to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container 12 to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container 12 until the set value is reached. S5. Continue recording the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor 51 and the second pressure sensor 52 during the test until the pressure reading difference during the test begins to decrease and the change within 1 day is less than 0.03 kPa, at which point the test is stopped.

[0041] Therefore, it connects the liquid mixing unit 1 to the plunger pump unit 2; connects the upper and lower liquid outlets of the corresponding plunger pump units 2 in one group to the upper liquid inlet of the sample chamber unit 3, and connects the upper and lower liquid outlets of the corresponding plunger pump units 2 in another group to the upper liquid inlet of the sample chamber unit 3; connects the corresponding fiber optic sensor 17 and drip valve 13 in each group to the signal acquisition and processing module 53 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5, and sets the first pressure sensor 51 in the monitoring and analysis unit 5 on the first pressure measuring interface 312 in the sample chamber unit 3 and the second pressure sensor 52 on the sample chamber unit 3. On the second pressure measuring interface 313 in the sample chamber unit 3, the monitoring and analysis unit 5 controls the dripping valve 13 to open and drip the mixing mother liquor into the mixing container 12 to adjust the concentration of the mixing liquid in the mixing container 12 until the set value is reached. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the concentration of the mixing liquid, thereby improving the control accuracy of the membrane effect test. The non-contact fiber optic sensor 17 realizes the measurement of the outlet concentration of the corrosive liquid, thereby controlling the concentration at the top of the membrane effect test material to ensure that the applied concentration is uniform and the concentration at the top of the material is stable, which is conducive to the reasonable measurement of the membrane effect of the bulk material, thus effectively improving the test accuracy of the membrane effect of the bulk material.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for testing the impermeability effect of granular materials, characterized in that, It includes two sets of liquid mixing units, two sets of plunger pump units, a sample chamber unit, and a monitoring and analysis unit; Each of the mixing liquid units includes a mixing mother liquor tank, a mixing container, a drip valve, and a fiber optic sensor; the mixing mother liquor tank in each group is connected to the mixing container through a corresponding drip valve for delivering the mixing mother liquor into the mixing container; the fiber optic sensor is connected to the outlet of the mixing container. The dripping valve and the fiber optic sensor in each group are electrically connected to the monitoring and analysis unit. When the concentration of the outflowing mixed solution measured by the fiber optic sensor is lower than the set value, the monitoring and analysis unit controls the dripping valve to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container until the set value is reached. One set of plunger pump units has its inlet connected to the outlet of the corresponding mixing container, and both its upper and lower outlets are connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit for testing; the other set of plunger pump units has its inlet connected to the outlet of the corresponding mixing container, and both its upper and lower outlets are connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, for pumping the mixed solution into the sample chamber unit for testing.

2. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the liquid mixing units further includes an ultrasonic mixing table and a one-way air inlet valve; the mixing container is placed on the ultrasonic mixing table; the drip valve and the one-way air inlet valve are respectively and spaced apart on the top of the mixing container.

3. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, One set of the plunger pump units includes a first bidirectional plunger pump, a first three-way pipe, and a second three-way pipe; the inlet end of the first three-way pipe is connected to the outlet of the mixing container via a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the first bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; the inlet end of the second three-way pipe is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the first bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the upper inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; A set of plunger pump units includes a second bidirectional plunger pump, a first three-way connecting pipe, and a second three-way connecting pipe; the inlet end of the first three-way connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the mixing container through a three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to one end of the second bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; the inlet end of the second three-way connecting pipe is connected to the three-way valve, the pump inlet end is connected to the other end of the second bidirectional plunger pump, and the outlet end is connected to the lower inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit.

4. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and analysis unit includes a signal acquisition and processing module; the signal acquisition and processing module is electrically connected to the fiber optic sensor and the dripping valve, and is used to receive the concentration information of the outflowing mixed liquid transmitted by the fiber optic sensor, and to control the opening and closing of the dripping valve.

5. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The monitoring and analysis unit further includes a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor; the sample chamber unit includes a sample tank, a first permeable plate, a sample, a second permeable plate, and a top cover; the first permeable plate is installed in a positioning groove at the center of the inner wall of the sample tank bottom plate, used to transport the mixed solution to the bottom of the sample; a first pressure measuring interface is provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the sample tank, the top of the first pressure measuring interface is connected to the bottom of the first permeable plate, and the first pressure sensor is installed at the bottom, the first pressure sensor being used to monitor the pressure at the bottom of the sample; the sample is placed in the inner cavity of the sample tank and installed on the first permeable plate; the second permeable plate... A water plate is installed on the top surface of the sample to transport the mixed solution to the top of the sample. A top cover is placed over the sample tank and the second permeable plate, and a second pressure measuring interface is located in the middle. The bottom end of the second pressure measuring interface is connected to the top of the second permeable plate, and a second pressure sensor is located at the top. The second pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure at the top of the sample. The signal acquisition and processing module is electrically connected to the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, respectively, to receive pressure information at the top of the sample transmitted from the first pressure sensor and pressure information at the bottom of the sample transmitted from the second pressure sensor.

6. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sample tank is provided with a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet on opposite sides, and the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are respectively connected to the first water-permeable plate; the top cover is provided with a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet on opposite sides, and the second water-permeable plate is respectively connected to the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet.

7. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sample chamber unit further includes a sample ring, a sample liner ring, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and sealing screws; the sample ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sample; the sample liner ring is disposed between the sample ring and the sample groove; the first sealing ring is disposed in the gap formed by the bottom of the sample liner ring and the sample groove; the second sealing ring is disposed in the gap formed by the upper part of the sample liner ring and the second permeable plate; and multiple sealing screws are respectively connected to the upper cover and the sample groove.

8. The apparatus for testing the barrier effect of granular materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes two sets of liquid recovery units, each set of which includes a recovery tank and a connecting pipe; one end of the connecting pipe in one set is connected to the upper liquid outlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and the other end is connected to the recovery tank; one end of the connecting pipe in the other set is connected to the lower liquid outlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and the other end is connected to the recovery tank.

9. A method for implementing a test apparatus for the barrier effect of granular materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, connect the corresponding mixing liquid unit to the plunger pump unit; connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of one set of plunger pump units to the upper liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit, and connect the upper and lower liquid outlets of the other set of plunger pump units to the lower liquid inlet pipe of the sample chamber unit; connect the corresponding fiber optic sensor and the drip valve to the signal acquisition and processing module in the monitoring and analysis unit; install the first pressure sensor in the monitoring and analysis unit on the first pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit and the second pressure sensor on the second pressure measuring interface in the sample chamber unit; S2, the concentration of the mixed solution is set by the signal acquisition and processing module, and the flow rate in the plunger pump unit is set; S3, start the test and record the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor during the test; S4, when the concentration of the mixed solution measured by the fiber optic sensor is lower than the set value, the signal acquisition and processing module controls the dripping valve to open and drip the mixed mother liquor into the mixing container to adjust the concentration of the mixed solution in the mixing container until the set value is reached; S5. Continue recording the pressure readings of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor during the test until the pressure reading difference during the test begins to decrease and the change within 1 day is less than 0.03 kPa, at which point the test is stopped.

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