Multi-size adaptive bidirectional coupling load applying landslide simulation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptive bidirectional coupling load application. Comprising three horizontal vibration conduction assemblies, a bidirectional telescopic bearing support connected with the horizontal vibration conduction assemblies, a vertical oil pressure action element connected with the bidirectional telescopic bearing support, and a landslide model box connected with the vertical oil pressure action element. And the vertical telescopic fixing bracket is detachably connected with the landslide model box and the bidirectional telescopic bearing bracket. The sizes of the bidirectional telescopic bearing support and the horizontal vibration conduction assembly can be flexibly adjusted according to the landslide model box, and the vertical telescopic fixing support is adapted to the height of the box body and the distance between the vertical telescopic fixing support and the support to form an integrated test frame; the size limitation of a traditional fixed table top is broken through, the universality, flexibility and economical efficiency of the device are remarkably improved, through overall connection of the telescopic fixing assemblies, the integrity of a force transmission path and the shear resistance of the system are enhanced, and the hidden danger that the model box slips off under strong shock is thoroughly eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landslide testing equipment technology, and in particular to a landslide simulation device for applying bidirectional coupled loads with multi-size adaptability. Background Technology

[0002] Landslides are a common geological hazard that seriously threatens human life and property and regional ecological balance. Earthquakes are one of the key factors inducing landslides, and the landslide disasters they trigger are characterized by wide distribution, strong destructive power, and complex causes, posing a severe challenge to related disaster prevention and mitigation efforts. The amplitude, duration, and spectral characteristics of vibration loads are closely related to the instability mechanism and failure mode of slopes. To further study the instability mechanism and dynamic response of slopes under seismic loading, landslide model box tests, especially shaking table-based landslide model box tests, have become an indispensable research method in this field.

[0003] However, existing technologies have many limitations. Currently, they often rely on fixed shaking tables in large laboratories, placing landslide model boxes on the shaking table platform to simulate basement seismic forces. However, the construction, maintenance, and operation costs of traditional unidirectional large shaking tables are high, while large shaking tables capable of bidirectional or triaxial loading have even higher costs and technical barriers, limiting the widespread adoption and application of this method. The fixed platform size of the shaking table restricts the design scale of the model box test, and the test plan must consider whether the model box size exceeds the limits during the planning stage. In addition, the bottom of the model box is usually rigidly connected to the shaking table platform by bolts. When the test simulation requires input of high horizontal acceleration and a large overlying load, the huge horizontal inertial force will act on this connection interface, leading to bolt connection failure or model box slippage, posing a potential threat to test personnel and equipment.

[0004] When experimental conditions are limited, researchers often use horizontal unidirectional shaking tables as an alternative for inputting seismic loads. However, such shaking table systems are equipped with a single horizontal actuator, which can only apply unidirectional seismic loads. This does not match the three-dimensional coupling characteristics of real ground motion, which includes two horizontal components and one vertical component. Therefore, they cannot realistically simulate complex seismic wave fields, limiting the study of the true dynamic response and failure mechanisms of landslides. The table size of the shaking table is a factory-fixed parameter, resulting in a clear upper limit on the physical scale of the experiment. When larger-scale model tests are required, it is necessary to find and relocate to a laboratory equipped with a larger table, restricting the flexibility and scalability of the experimental scheme. Even with small and medium-sized unidirectional shaking tables, the initial construction, regular maintenance, and energy consumption and equipment wear and tear per test operation constitute significant economic costs, making it difficult to popularize this technology in ordinary research institutions or universities, thus limiting the widespread development of related research.

[0005] While existing technologies offer multi-directional seismic input capabilities, they still have significant drawbacks. Although large shaking table systems can achieve complex three-dimensional, six-degree-of-freedom motion, in current landslide model tests, to control key variables, the model body is typically simplified to a regular shape, with the research focus concentrated on the dynamic response in the main sliding direction and its vertical direction. This results in the vertical seismic output function of the shaking table not being practically utilized in most test scenarios, leading to resource waste. Large three-dimensional shaking tables are non-standard customized equipment, with procurement costs increasing dramatically with size. The construction of dedicated foundations and laboratories, subsequent maintenance, and operational energy consumption are enormous, limiting the widespread adoption of this technology in ordinary research institutions. This leads to the concentration of research resources and hinders the broad development of this research field. Furthermore, this approach also relies on a rigid bolted connection between the bottom of the model box and the shaking table surface. When simulating strong earthquakes with large loads on the model box, the connection interface is subjected to enormous horizontal shear forces, posing a potential risk of bolt failure. This could lead to model box slippage or even overturning, posing a serious safety threat to test personnel and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application, which aims to solve the technical problems of traditional shaking tables in earthquake landslide model tests, such as the single and unrealistic dimensionality of ground motion simulation, the lack of flexibility due to the limitation of test scale by the size of the table, the high construction and maintenance costs and poor popularization, and the safety hazards of the connection interface under strong earthquake simulation.

[0007] In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a landslide simulation device for applying bidirectional coupled loads with multi-size adaptability, comprising three horizontal vibration transmission components, a bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket connected to the horizontal vibration transmission components, a vertical hydraulic actuating element connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket, a landslide model box connected to the vertical hydraulic actuating element, and a vertical telescopic fixed bracket detachably connecting the landslide model box and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket; the horizontal vibration transmission components, the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket, the vertical hydraulic actuating element, and the landslide model box are sequentially connected from the working surface upwards to form an integrated test simulation frame structure.

[0008] Optionally, the three horizontal vibration transmission components are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction. Each horizontal vibration transmission component includes a transmission guide rail, a transverse hydraulic actuating element connected to both ends of the transmission guide rail by a ring-shaped high-strength bolt and nut, a first load-bearing support and a second load-bearing support slidably sleeved on the transmission guide rail; the two horizontal vibration transmission components arranged on both sides also include a third load-bearing support slidably sleeved in the middle of the transmission guide rail.

[0009] The first load-bearing support, the second load-bearing support, and the third load-bearing support are all detachably connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket.

[0010] Optionally, the horizontal vibration transmission assembly further includes a dustproof box for mounting the transmission guide rail, and the transmission guide rail and the dustproof box are connected by drag-reducing ball bearings;

[0011] The bottoms of the first load-bearing support, the second load-bearing support, and the third load-bearing support are all connected to the transmission guide rail via a first fastener.

[0012] Optionally, an extension support is fixedly connected to the third load-bearing support, and the tops of the extension support, the first load-bearing support, and the second load-bearing support are all detachably connected to the periphery of the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket via a first L-shaped fastener.

[0013] Optionally, the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket is composed of two sets of main telescopic frames and two sets of auxiliary telescopic frames connected to each other. The main telescopic frames are used to adjust the length, and the auxiliary telescopic frames are used to adjust the width. The main telescopic frame includes a first telescopic frame and a second telescopic frame slidably sleeved at both ends of the first telescopic frame. The auxiliary telescopic frame includes a third telescopic frame and a fourth telescopic frame slidably sleeved at both ends of the third telescopic frame. The first telescopic frame and the second telescopic frame, as well as the third telescopic frame and the fourth telescopic frame, are detachably connected by second fasteners.

[0014] Optionally, the vertical hydraulic actuating element includes a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat connecting the four corners of the landslide model box, and a third connecting seat connecting the four corners of the bidirectional telescopic support bracket; the second connecting seat, the first connecting seat, and the third connecting seat are connected in sequence.

[0015] The second connecting seat and the landslide model box, and the third connecting seat and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket are detachably connected by a second L-shaped fastener.

[0016] Optionally, the vertical telescopic fixing bracket includes a first vertical support rod, a second vertical support rod sleeved on the first vertical support rod, a U-shaped snap-fit ​​part disposed on the second vertical support rod for snapping the box wall of the landslide model box, and a fastening part disposed at the end of the first vertical support rod for connecting the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame and the fourth telescopic frame.

[0017] Optionally, the fastening part is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame and the fourth telescopic frame via a third fastener.

[0018] Optionally, the first vertical support rod and the second vertical support rod are detachably connected by a fourth fastener.

[0019] In this invention, the dimensions of the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing support and the horizontal vibration transmission component can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the landslide model box. The vertical telescopic fixed support can be adjusted according to the height of the landslide model box and the distance between the landslide model box and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing support, thus forming an integrated test simulation frame with a variable topology. This allows for dimensional adjustment based on landslide model boxes of different sizes, achieving a test simulation frame with a variable topology, thereby breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed platform dimensions. This design not only improves the versatility and flexibility of the device but also significantly reduces construction and maintenance costs, making landslide simulation tests more economical and efficient, while enhancing test safety and structural reliability. Furthermore, by designing the aforementioned multiple retractable fixing components, the landslide model box can be tightly connected to the load-bearing frame to form a whole. This not only improves the integrity of the force transmission path but also significantly enhances the overall shear resistance of the system. At the same time, it eliminates the safety hazards of model box slippage or connection failure under simulated strong earthquake conditions. Through this integrated fixing design, the huge horizontal inertial force can be transmitted and dissipated more effectively, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment during the test and providing a reliable and efficient test platform for theoretical research and engineering practice of earthquake landslide prevention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptive bidirectional coupled load application in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal vibration transmission component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical telescopic fixed bracket in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0026] 1-Horizontal vibration transmission assembly, 11-Transmission guide rail, 12-Transverse hydraulic actuating element, 13-Annular high-strength bolt and nut, 14-First load-bearing support, 15-Second load-bearing support, 16-Third load-bearing support, 17-Dustproof box, 18-Drag-reducing ball bearings, 2-Bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket, 21-Main telescopic frame, 211-First telescopic frame, 212-Second telescopic frame, 22-Auxiliary telescopic frame, 221-Third telescopic frame, 222-Fourth telescopic frame Frame, 3-Vertical hydraulic actuating element, 31-First connecting seat, 32-Second connecting seat, 33-Third connecting seat, 4-Landslide model box, 5-Vertical telescopic fixed bracket, 51-First vertical support rod, 52-Second vertical support rod, 53-U-shaped snap-fit ​​part, 54-Snap-fit ​​part, 6-First fastener, 7-Heightening support seat, 8-First L-shaped fastener, 9-Second fastener, 10-Second L-shaped fastener, 71-Third fastener, 72-Fourth fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "radial," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, one embodiment of the present invention provides a landslide simulation device for applying bidirectional coupled loads with multiple sizes, including three horizontal vibration transmission components 1, a bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2 connected to the horizontal vibration transmission components 1, a vertical hydraulic actuating element 3 connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2, a landslide model box 4 connected to the vertical hydraulic actuating element 3, and a vertical telescopic fixed bracket 5 detachably connecting the landslide model box 4 and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2; the horizontal vibration transmission components 1, the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2, the vertical hydraulic actuating element 3 and the landslide model box 4 are connected sequentially from the working surface upwards to form an integrated test simulation frame structure.

[0031] Understandably, the three horizontal vibration transmission components 1 are connected to different parts of the bidirectional telescopic support frame 2 to support it. The dimensions of both the bidirectional telescopic support frame 2 and the horizontal vibration transmission components 1 can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the landslide model box 4. The vertical telescopic fixed support can be adjusted according to the height of the landslide model box 4 and the distance between the landslide model box 4 and the bidirectional telescopic support frame 2, thus forming an integrated test simulation frame with a variable topology. This allows for dimensional adjustment based on different sizes of landslide model boxes 4, achieving a variable topology test simulation frame and overcoming the limitations of traditional fixed platform dimensions. This design not only improves the versatility and flexibility of the device but also significantly reduces construction and maintenance costs, making landslide simulation tests more economical and efficient, while enhancing test safety and structural reliability. Furthermore, by designing the aforementioned multiple retractable fixing components, the landslide model box 4 can be tightly connected to the load-bearing frame to form a whole. This not only improves the integrity of the force transmission path but also significantly enhances the overall shear resistance of the system. At the same time, it eliminates the safety hazards of model box slippage or connection failure under simulated strong earthquake conditions. Through this integrated fixing design, the huge horizontal inertial force can be transmitted and dissipated more effectively, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment during the test and providing a reliable and efficient test platform for theoretical research and engineering practice of earthquake landslide prevention.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the three horizontal vibration transmission components 1 are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction. Each horizontal vibration transmission component 1 includes a transmission guide rail 11, a transverse hydraulic actuating element 12 connected to both ends of the transmission guide rail 11 by annular high-strength bolts and nuts 13, and a first load-bearing support 14 and a second load-bearing support 15 slidably sleeved on the transmission guide rail 11. The two horizontal vibration transmission components 1 arranged on both sides also include a third load-bearing support 16 slidably sleeved in the middle of the transmission guide rail 11. The first load-bearing support 14, the second load-bearing support 15, and the third load-bearing support 16 are all detachably connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2.

[0033] Understandably, the lateral hydraulic actuating element 12 is responsible for providing the horizontal force. Simultaneously, as an intermediate load-bearing component between the horizontal vibration transmission device and the upper vertical actuator, the core function of the horizontal vibration transmission assembly 1 is to construct a stable, distributed force transmission system. Through three evenly spaced horizontal vibration transmission assemblies 1, the horizontal vibration load is efficiently transmitted from the actuator to the bidirectional telescopic support bracket 2. The three bidirectional telescopic support brackets 2 expand the support contact surface, making the load distribution more uniform and avoiding stress concentration. At the same time, detachable connections (such as the first fastener 6) ensure modular assembly and disassembly, providing a reliable foundation for the superstructure. Functionally, bidirectional coupled loading (the lateral hydraulic actuating element 12 and the vertical hydraulic actuating element 3 working together) significantly improves the realism and accuracy of seismic motion simulation, directly serving the core needs of landslide testing. In terms of safety, the rigid connection between the distributed supports and the overall frame enhances the integrity of the force transmission path, eliminating the failure risk of traditional bolted connections under strong earthquakes.

[0034] Understandably, by adopting a bidirectional coupling loading method, the redundant dimensions in traditional unidirectional or tridirectional shaking table loading are eliminated, and the two-dimensional mechanical mechanism of the simplified landslide model test is accurately matched, thereby more effectively simulating the dynamic response and instability process of the slope under seismic loading. At the same time, the design of the telescopic frame structure (bidirectional telescopic load-bearing support 2 and vertical telescopic fixed support 5) improves the adaptability and reusability of the mechanism to landslide model boxes 4 of different sizes, optimizes the seismic input to the necessary bidirectional loading, simplifies the system composition from both structural and driving source aspects, and significantly reduces the cost of the device while ensuring the core functions.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the horizontal vibration transmission assembly 1 also includes a dustproof box 17 for mounting the transmission guide rail 11, and the transmission guide rail 11 is connected to the dustproof box 17 via drag-reducing balls 18. The bottoms of the first load-bearing support 14, the second load-bearing support 15, and the third load-bearing support 16 are all connected to the transmission guide rail 11 via first fasteners 6. Understandably, by setting up the dustproof box 17 and using drag-reducing balls 18 to connect the transmission guide rail 11, the contamination and wear of the transmission components by dust and impurities are effectively reduced, while the frictional resistance during transmission is reduced, improving the efficiency and accuracy of vibration transmission. In addition, the first load-bearing support 14, the second load-bearing support 15, and the third load-bearing support 16 are securely connected to the transmission guide rail 11 via the first fasteners 6, ensuring that vibration energy can be reliably transmitted to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2, enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire test simulation frame structure.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an extension support 7 is fixedly connected to the third load-bearing support 16. The tops of the extension support 7, the first load-bearing support 14, and the second load-bearing support 15 are all detachably connected to the periphery of the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2 via a first L-shaped fastener 8. Understandably, this achieves efficient force transmission and enhanced structural stability between the three load-bearing supports and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2. Simultaneously, the detachable design improves the flexibility of device assembly and ease of maintenance.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing support 2 is composed of two sets of main telescopic frames 21 and two sets of auxiliary telescopic frames 22 connected together. The main telescopic frames 21 are used to adjust the length, and the auxiliary telescopic frames 22 are used to adjust the width. The main telescopic frame 21 includes a first telescopic frame 211 and a second telescopic frame 212 slidably sleeved at both ends of the first telescopic frame 211. The auxiliary telescopic frame 22 includes a third telescopic frame 221 and a fourth telescopic frame 222 slidably sleeved at both ends of the third telescopic frame 221. The first telescopic frame 211 and the second telescopic frame 212, as well as the third telescopic frame 221 and the fourth telescopic frame 222, are detachably connected by second fasteners 9. Understandably, the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing support 2, through the combined design of the main telescopic frames 21 and the auxiliary telescopic frames 22, achieves independent adjustment of length and width, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to landslide model boxes 4 of different sizes, enhancing the flexibility and reusability of the test frame, and ensuring structural stability and force transmission reliability.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the vertical hydraulic actuating element 3 includes a first connecting seat 31, a second connecting seat 32 connecting the four corners of the landslide model box 4, and a third connecting seat 33 connecting the four corners of the bidirectional telescopic support bracket 2; the second connecting seat 32, the first connecting seat 31 and the third connecting seat 33 are connected in sequence.

[0039] The second connecting seat 32 and the landslide model box 4, and the third connecting seat 33 and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2 are detachably connected by the second L-shaped fastener 10. Understandably, the vertical hydraulic actuating element 3 transmits vibration loads in both horizontal and vertical directions to the bottom of the landslide model box 4, and is connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2 by the second L-shaped fastener 10, thereby improving the structural stability of the overall mechanism.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the vertical telescopic fixing bracket 5 includes a first vertical support rod 51, a second vertical support rod 52 sleeved on the first vertical support rod 51, a U-shaped locking part 53 disposed on the second vertical support rod 52 for locking the wall of the landslide model box 4, and a fastening part 54 disposed at the end of the first vertical support rod 51 for connecting the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame 212 and the fourth telescopic frame 222. Understandably, the vertical telescopic fixing bracket 5 achieves height adjustment through the sleeved structure of the first vertical support rod 51 and the second vertical support rod 52. Combined with the U-shaped locking part 53 for locking and fixing the wall of the landslide model box 4 and the fastening part 54 for a stable connection with the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2, it effectively eliminates the risk of model box slippage under strong earthquake conditions. At the same time, the telescopic design adapts to model boxes of different heights, improving the safety and applicability of the device.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the fastening part 54 is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame 212 and the fourth telescopic frame 222 via a third fastener 71.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first vertical support rod 51 and the second vertical support rod 52 are detachably connected by a fourth fastener 72.

[0043] Understandably, the first fastener 6, the second fastener 9, the second fastener 9 and the second fastener 9 include, but are not limited to, high-strength bolts, nuts and matching washers, which ensure reliable fixation between the components through precise mechanical connections. The first L-shaped fastener 8 and the second L-shaped fastener 10 can adopt a combination design of L-shaped connecting plates and reinforcing bolts. This structure can effectively disperse the stress concentration caused by vibration loads, enhance the connection stiffness and fatigue resistance at frame nodes, thereby improving the structural integrity and safety of the overall test device under bidirectional coupled vibration.

[0044] In this invention, the working process of the landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptive bidirectional coupled load application under simulated strong earthquake conditions is as follows:

[0045] Step 1: System Initialization and Synchronous Start-up of Bidirectional Load: After preparing the landslide model and installing sensors in the model box, the control system is started. The system synchronously drives the horizontal vibration transmission component 1 and the vertical actuation element 3, applying horizontal and vertical base excitation to the device according to the preset seismic wave signal. This achieves coordinated control of bidirectional vibration load from the input source, i.e., "bidirectional coupling".

[0046] Step 2: Transmission and Response of Horizontal Load in the Overall Structure: The horizontal load generated by the horizontal vibration transmission component 1 is first transmitted to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2 connected to it. Since the landslide model box 4, together with the vertical moving element 3 and the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket 2, has formed an organic whole structure through high-strength bolts and vertical telescopic fixing bracket 5, the horizontal load is effectively transmitted and evenly distributed at the bottom of the model box, driving the box body and the internal slope model to move together, thereby realistically simulating the effect of horizontal inertial force during an earthquake.

[0047] Step 3: Application of vertical load and force balance within the system: While the horizontal load is being transferred, the vertical actuator 3 is activated and directly applies a vertical dynamic load to the landslide model box 4. This vertical load is borne and balanced by the aforementioned organic overall structure, forming a stable closed-loop force flow within the system, ensuring the effective application of vertical excitation.

[0048] Step 4: Realization and Experimental Observation of Two-Way Coordination: Under the combined action of horizontal and vertical vibration loads, landslide model box 4 and its internal model fully realized the two-way coupling effect of seismic motion. Under these conditions, data monitoring and image recording of the landslide body can be carried out to conduct experimental research related to the dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanism of the slope.

[0049] Application and coupling of bidirectional loads:

[0050] Horizontal load path: transverse hydraulic actuating element (12) → transmission guide rail (11) → load-bearing support (14 / 15 / 16) → bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket (2) → vertical hydraulic actuating element (3) → bottom of landslide model box (4).

[0051] Vertical load path: vertical hydraulic actuation element (3) → second connecting seat (32) → bottom of landslide model box (4).

[0052] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application, characterized in that, It includes three horizontal vibration transmission components (1), a bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2) connecting the horizontal vibration transmission components (1), a vertical hydraulic actuating element (3) connecting the bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2), a landslide model box (4) connecting the vertical hydraulic actuating element (3), and a vertical telescopic fixed bracket (5) detachably connecting the landslide model box (4) and the bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2); the horizontal vibration transmission components (1), the bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2), the vertical hydraulic actuating element (3) and the landslide model box (4) are connected sequentially from the working surface upward to form an integrated test simulation frame structure.

2. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three horizontal vibration transmission components (1) are evenly spaced in the horizontal direction. Each horizontal vibration transmission component (1) includes a transmission guide rail (11), a transverse hydraulic actuating element (12) connected to both ends of the transmission guide rail (11) by a ring high-strength bolt and nut (13), a first load-bearing support (14) and a second load-bearing support (15) slidably sleeved on the transmission guide rail (11); the two horizontal vibration transmission components (1) arranged on both sides also include a third load-bearing support (16) slidably sleeved in the middle of the transmission guide rail (11). The first load-bearing support (14), the second load-bearing support (15) and the third load-bearing support (16) are all detachably connected to the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket (2).

3. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal vibration transmission assembly (1) also includes a dustproof box (17) for mounting the transmission guide rail (11), and the transmission guide rail (11) and the dustproof box (17) are connected by drag-reducing balls (18). The bottoms of the first load-bearing support (14), the second load-bearing support (15) and the third load-bearing support (16) are all connected to the transmission guide rail (11) by the first fastener (6).

4. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third load-bearing support (16) is fixedly connected to the heightening support (7). The tops of the heightening support (7), the first load-bearing support (14) and the second load-bearing support (15) are detachably connected to the periphery of the bidirectional telescopic load-bearing bracket (2) by the first L-shaped fastener (8).

5. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2) is composed of two sets of main telescopic frames (21) and two sets of auxiliary telescopic frames (22) connected to each other. The main telescopic frames (21) are used to adjust the length, and the auxiliary telescopic frames (22) are used to adjust the width. The main telescopic frame (21) includes a first telescopic frame (211) and a second telescopic frame (212) slidably sleeved at both ends of the first telescopic frame (211). The auxiliary telescopic frame (22) includes a third telescopic frame (221) and a fourth telescopic frame (222) slidably sleeved at both ends of the third telescopic frame (221). The first telescopic frame (211) and the second telescopic frame (212), as well as the third telescopic frame (221) and the fourth telescopic frame (222), are detachably connected by a second fastener (9).

6. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical hydraulic actuating element (3) includes a first connecting seat (31), a second connecting seat (32) connecting the four corners of the landslide model box (4), and a third connecting seat (33) connecting the four corners of the bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2); the second connecting seat (32), the first connecting seat (31) and the third connecting seat (33) are connected in sequence; The second connecting seat (32) and the landslide model box (4), and the third connecting seat (33) and the bidirectional telescopic support bracket (2) are detachably connected by the second L-shaped fastener (10).

7. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical telescopic fixed bracket (5) includes a first vertical support rod (51), a second vertical support rod (52) sleeved on the first vertical support rod (51), a U-shaped snap-fit ​​part (53) provided on the second vertical support rod (52) for snapping the box wall of the landslide model box (4), and a fastening part (54) provided at the end of the first vertical support rod (51) for connecting the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame (212) and the fourth telescopic frame (222).

8. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastening part (54) is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the second telescopic frame (212) and the fourth telescopic frame (222) by a third fastener (71).

9. The landslide simulation device with multi-size adaptable bidirectional coupled load application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first vertical support rod (51) and the second vertical support rod (52) are detachably connected by a fourth fastener (72).

Images