Case assembly and energy storage device

Abstract

The invention provides a case assembly and an energy storage device. The case assembly comprises a case; the anti-explosion valve is arranged in the case; the protective cover and the outer wall, provided with the anti-explosion valve, of the case are arranged at intervals and shield the anti-explosion valve, an isolation space is formed between the protective cover and the case, a flow guide channel is formed in the isolation space, an exhaust port is formed in the position, away from the case, of the flow guide channel, and the exhaust port is communicated with the anti-explosion valve through the flow guide channel; when thermal runaway happens to the battery assembly in the battery bin, high-temperature gas in the battery bin is discharged to the flow guide channel through the anti-explosion valve, and the flow guide channel guides the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the exhaust port. And flames or high-temperature gas near the explosion-proof valve can be guided to the exhaust port through the flow guide channel and exhausted in time, so that the problem that the flames or the high-temperature gas are gathered at the explosion-proof valve to cause direct spreading of high temperature on the case is solved, the effect of fire spreading prevention and control is achieved, and the risk of fire hazards is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of home energy storage system technology, and in particular to a chassis assembly and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, energy storage devices typically use metal enclosures containing battery cells, and explosion-proof valves are installed on the enclosure. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells leading to gas ignition, the flames or high-temperature gases can be conducted to the outside environment through the explosion-proof valves on the enclosure. However, because the explosion-proof valves are located on the enclosure, heat can be conducted through the enclosure, causing further thermal runaway of the battery cells, making it difficult to prevent the fire from spreading and increasing the risk of a fire. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a housing component and energy storage device that can prevent the spread of fire caused by battery thermal runaway and reduce the risk of fire.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a chassis assembly for use in an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a battery module and an explosion-proof valve. The chassis assembly includes: a chassis with a battery compartment in which the battery module is housed; an explosion-proof valve disposed in the chassis and exposed on the outer wall of the chassis; and a protective cover spaced apart from the outer wall of the chassis where the explosion-proof valve is located, forming an isolation space between the protective cover and the chassis. A flow channel is provided in the isolation space, and an exhaust port is formed at a position away from the chassis in the flow channel. The exhaust port and the explosion-proof valve are connected through the flow channel. When the battery module in the battery compartment experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas in the battery compartment is discharged through the flow channel via the explosion-proof valve, and the flow channel guides the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the exhaust port.

[0005] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve is located on the side of the chassis, the exhaust port is located above the battery compartment of the chassis assembly, and the flow channel is used to guide the high-temperature gas to be discharged upward from the exhaust port.

[0006] In some embodiments, the chassis assembly further includes a heat shield that shields the area above the exhaust port and is configured to prevent hot gases from the exhaust port from baking an object located above the chassis assembly.

[0007] In some embodiments, the heat insulation baffle is movably connected to the chassis, and the chassis is provided with a storage slot; the heat insulation baffle has a first position and a second position relative to the chassis. When the heat insulation baffle is in the first position, the heat insulation baffle covers the top of the chassis; when the heat insulation baffle is in the second position, the heat insulation baffle is at least partially received in the storage slot.

[0008] In some embodiments, the chassis and the heat insulation baffle are slidably coupled, and the chassis is provided with an elastic locking mechanism for connecting with the heat insulation baffle; the elastic locking mechanism has a locked state and a released state. When the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state, the locking mechanism fixes the heat insulation baffle; when the elastic locking mechanism is in the released state, the heat insulation baffle is allowed to slide relative to the chassis, and the heat insulation baffle is moved to a first position by elasticity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the flow channel includes a first section, the chassis has a mounting cover, protective covers are spaced apart from the mounting cover, a flow guide is provided on the side of the mounting cover facing the protective cover, the flow guide is distributed around the explosion-proof valve, and the flow guide is provided with an opening facing the exhaust port. The mounting cover, the protective cover and the flow guide together form the first section.

[0010] In some embodiments, the flow channel includes a second section, the chassis has a heat dissipation mechanism, the protective cover is spaced apart from the heat dissipation mechanism, the space between the protective cover and the heat dissipation mechanism forms the second section, and the heat dissipation mechanism is used to cool the high-temperature gas flowing through the second section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve is located on the side of the chassis, the exhaust port is located on the side of the protective cover, and the flow channel is used to guide the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the side of the protective cover.

[0012] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is provided between the protective cover and the chassis, the sealing ring is arranged around the explosion-proof valve, and a flow guiding channel is formed on the inner side of the sealing ring.

[0013] In some embodiments, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the chassis. The support frame is configured to support and elevate the chassis to form a clearance space below the chassis. The clearance space is connected to the flow channel. The explosion-proof valve is located in the clearance space.

[0014] In some embodiments, a fireproof element is provided at the exhaust port to prevent sparks from spreading out of the exhaust port.

[0015] In some embodiments, a fan is provided at the exhaust port for rapidly expelling high-temperature gas from the exhaust port.

[0016] In some embodiments, an insulation layer is provided within the isolation space.

[0017] In some embodiments, the protective cover is sealed to the chassis to seal the isolation space.

[0018] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve has multiple valves, the protective cover is provided with multiple exhaust ports corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, and the isolation space is provided with multiple flow channels corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, the flow channels connecting the corresponding explosion-proof valve and the exhaust port.

[0019] In some embodiments, the chassis is used for mounting on a fixed object; the chassis has multiple sides, defining the side adjacent to the fixed object as the mounting side, and the explosion-proof valve is located on the other sides of the chassis besides the mounting side.

[0020] In some embodiments, the chassis assembly further includes a fire suppression module disposed within the chassis. The fire suppression module has a spray area and is used to spray extinguishing agent into the spray area. The location of the spray area is through a guide channel.

[0021] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a power conversion component; the chassis also has a power compartment located above the battery compartment, the power compartment being used to house the power conversion component.

[0022] The second aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery module, a power conversion module, and a chassis assembly as provided in the first aspect, wherein the battery module and the power conversion module are housed within the chassis assembly.

[0023] The chassis assembly and energy storage device provided in this application enable the following: When thermal runaway occurs in the battery components within the battery compartment, the increased internal pressure causes the explosion-proof valve to depressurize. Flames or high-temperature gases within the battery compartment can then exit through the explosion-proof valve and enter a guiding channel within the isolation space. This guiding channel directs the high-temperature gases to the exhaust port, allowing them to escape beyond the protective cover. In this way, flames or high-temperature gases near the explosion-proof valve are guided to the exhaust port and promptly discharged, solving the problem of flames or high-temperature gases accumulating at the explosion-proof valve and causing high temperatures to spread directly onto the chassis. This achieves fire spread prevention and reduces the risk of fire. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance of the energy storage device in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0025] Figure 2 An exploded view of the energy storage device in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chassis assembly during pressure relief and exhaust in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0027] Figure 4 The top view of the chassis provided in this application using the first mounting method.

[0028] Figure 5 The top view of the chassis provided in this application using the second mounting method.

[0029] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the chassis assembly in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0030] Figure 7 An exploded view of the protective cover and chassis in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0031] Figure 8 A top view of the exhaust port in the first embodiment provided in this application.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the heat insulation baffle in the first position in the second embodiment provided in this application.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the heat insulation baffle in the second position in the second embodiment provided in this application.

[0034] Figure 11 The third embodiment provided in this application is a schematic diagram of the chassis assembly when the fire protection module is working.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the energy storage device in the fourth embodiment provided in this application.

[0036] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the energy storage device in the fourth embodiment provided in this application.

[0037] Figure 14 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the chassis assembly in the fourth embodiment provided in this application.

[0038] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of exhaust ports of the chassis assembly in the fifth embodiment provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the chassis assembly during pressure relief and exhaust in the sixth embodiment provided in this application.

[0040] Explanation of main component symbols 100. Chassis assembly; 101. Battery compartment; 102. Power compartment; 103. Airflow channel; 1031. First section; 1032. Second section; 104. Exhaust port; 105. Clearance space; 10. Chassis; 11. Main body; 111. First side; 112. Second side; 113. Third side; 114. Fourth side; 12. Partition; 13. Heat dissipation mechanism; 14. Exhaust component; 141. Fireproof component; 142. Fan; 15. Mounting plate; 16. Mounting cover; 17. Support frame; 18. Airflow guide component; 181. Opening; 20. Protective cover; 21. Isolation space; 22. Insulation layer; 30. Insulation baffle; 31. Support plate; 32. Connecting rod; 321. Slot; 40. Elastic locking mechanism; 41. Elastic pin; 42. Elastic component; 50. Sealing ring; 60. Exhaust pipe; 70. Fire protection module; 71. Sprinkler area; 200. Explosion-proof valve; 300. Battery assembly; 400. Power conversion assembly; 500. Wall; 600. Roof. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined. The directional descriptions used in this application, such as "horizontal," "vertical," "up," "down," "left," and "right," all use the orientation of the product in its usage state as a reference. Their specific orientation may vary depending on the product's placement angle, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0042] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may also have a component that is centrally located. When a component is considered to be "set" on another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may also have a component that is centrally located.

[0043] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] In related technologies, many energy storage devices are installed inside buildings. These devices typically use metal enclosures, which house battery modules and power conversion components. Explosion-proof valves are installed on the enclosures. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve opens to release the high-temperature gases from the enclosure, achieving an explosion-proof effect.

[0045] However, when some cells in the battery pack experience thermal runaway, if a gas fire occurs, the flames and high-temperature gases can be conducted to the outside through the explosion-proof valve of the enclosure. Because metal has low thermal resistance, the heat will spread rapidly across the enclosure, potentially causing further thermal runaway in other cells, leading to larger venting and fires. Furthermore, energy storage devices typically need to be installed against a wall, and the flames and high-temperature gases at the explosion-proof valve can easily heat nearby walls or roofs, increasing the risk of fire.

[0046] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a chassis assembly and energy storage device, which effectively prevents the spread of fire and reduces the risk of fire.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance of the energy storage device in the first embodiment provided in this application. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the energy storage device in the first embodiment provided in this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application embodiment first provides a chassis assembly 100, which is applied to an energy storage device. The energy storage device can be applied to a photovoltaic energy storage system, which includes a photovoltaic panel and an energy storage device, with the photovoltaic panel and the energy storage device electrically connected.

[0048] Photovoltaic panels can be placed outdoors to convert solar energy into direct current (DC) under sunlight and output it to energy storage devices. These energy storage devices can be installed indoors and connected to household appliances. They store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels and then supply that energy to the appliances.

[0049] In the example of this application, the energy storage device includes a chassis assembly 100, an explosion-proof valve 200, a battery assembly 300, and a power conversion assembly 400, wherein the battery assembly 300 and the power conversion assembly 400 are both housed within the chassis assembly 100, and the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed within the chassis assembly 100.

[0050] The battery module 300, also known as a battery pack (PACK, Packaged Assembly of Cells and Keycomponents), is an energy storage device that integrates functional modules such as a battery management module, a thermal management module, and multiple battery cells, and is used to store electrical energy generated by photovoltaic panels.

[0051] The power conversion component 400 can be one or more combinations of a DC-DC converter (DCDC) and a DC-AC inverter (DCAC). The power conversion component 400 is electrically connected to the battery component 300. The power conversion component 400 is used to convert electrical energy into power for use by household appliances. The power conversion component 400 supports grid-connected or off-grid mode switching.

[0052] An explosion-proof valve 200 is installed in the chassis assembly 100. The explosion-proof valve 200 can be a piston-type explosion-proof valve, a pin-type explosion-proof valve, a waterproof and breathable valve, etc., and can be configured according to the actual application scenario. The explosion-proof valve 200 has an initial state and a depressurization state, and the switching between the initial state and the depressurization state is determined by the air pressure state inside the chassis assembly 100. Under normal operating conditions of the energy storage device, when the air pressure inside the chassis assembly 100 is lower than a preset pressure resistance threshold, the explosion-proof valve 200 is in its initial state to maintain a relatively sealed environment inside the chassis.

[0053] In the event of thermal runaway of the battery assembly 300, the internal pressure of the chassis assembly 100 increases. Once the internal pressure of the chassis assembly 100 reaches the pressure resistance threshold, the explosion-proof valve 200 switches to the pressure relief state to allow the gas inside the chassis assembly 100 to be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 200, thereby achieving the explosion-proof effect.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the chassis assembly during pressure relief and exhaust in the first embodiment provided in this application. The dashed arrows in the diagram indicate the exhaust direction. Please refer to the following: Figure 3 In this embodiment, the chassis assembly 100 includes a chassis 10 and a protective cover 20. The chassis 10 has a battery compartment 101, in which the battery assembly 300 is housed. An explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the chassis 10 and exposed on the outer wall of the chassis 10. The protective cover 20 is spaced apart from the outer wall of the chassis 10 where the explosion-proof valve 200 is located, and the protective cover 20 covers the explosion-proof valve 200.

[0055] An isolation space 21 is formed between the protective cover 20 and the chassis 10. A flow channel 103 is provided within the isolation space 21. The flow channel 103 can be formed by a hollow structure such as a pipe or a ring, or by a space left by an object using slotting or clearance. The flow channel 103 can be a single channel or an integral channel composed of multiple interconnected channels.

[0056] In this embodiment, the flow channel 103 can be composed of multiple interconnected channels, and each channel is formed by space left by the object using methods such as slotting or clearance. Other embodiments (such as...) Figure 14 , Figure 16 As shown), the flow channel 103 can also be formed in other ways.

[0057] An exhaust port 104 is formed in the flow channel 103 away from the chassis 10. The exhaust port 104 and the explosion-proof valve 200 are connected through the flow channel 103. When the battery pack 300 in the battery compartment 101 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas in the battery compartment 101 is discharged through the explosion-proof valve 200 to the flow channel 103, and the flow channel 103 guides the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the exhaust port 104.

[0058] When the battery assembly 300 in the battery compartment 101 experiences thermal runaway, the increased internal pressure of the chassis 10 causes the explosion-proof valve 200 to depressurize. Flames or high-temperature gases in the battery compartment 101 can exit through the explosion-proof valve 200 and enter the guide channel 103 within the isolation space 21. The guide channel 103 then guides the high-temperature gases to the exhaust port 104, allowing them to escape outside the protective cover 20. In this way, flames or high-temperature gases near the explosion-proof valve 200 can be guided to the exhaust port 104 and promptly discharged, solving the problem of flames or high-temperature gases accumulating at the explosion-proof valve 200 and causing high temperatures to spread directly onto the chassis 10. This achieves the effect of fire spread prevention and reduces the risk of fire.

[0059] In some embodiments, the chassis 10 also has a power compartment 102, which is located above the battery compartment 101, and the power conversion assembly 400 is housed within the power compartment 102. When the battery assembly 300 located below the power compartment 102 experiences thermal runaway, flames or high-temperature gases near the explosion-proof valve 200 can be guided to the exhaust port 104 through the guide channel 103 and discharged in a timely manner, slowing the spread of high temperature to the power compartment 102 and improving the safety performance of the equipment.

[0060] The chassis 10 can be installed on a fixed object in a building, with a gap between the top of the chassis 10 and the ceiling 600 of the building. The fixed object can be a wall 500 of the building, meaning that at least one side of the chassis 10 is adjacent to the fixed object. Defining the side of the chassis 10 adjacent to the fixed object as the mounting side, the explosion-proof valve 200 is located on the other sides of the chassis 10 besides the mounting side. This allows the location of the explosion-proof valve 200 to avoid conflict with the location of the fixed object, preventing damage to the fixed object due to the high temperature at the explosion-proof valve 200.

[0061] Figure 4 The top view of the chassis provided in this application using the first mounting method. Figure 5 The chassis provided in this application is shown in a top view using the second mounting method. Please refer to the attached document. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the description of this application, the side of an object refers to the periphery of the object. The periphery of the chassis 10 is composed of multiple side surfaces, which are defined below as the first side 111, the second side 112, the third side 113, and the fourth side 114 for ease of understanding.

[0062] For example, in the first installation method, the chassis 10 is installed against a single wall, with the third side 113 of the chassis 10 close to the wall 500. The third side 113 is then the installation side, and the explosion-proof valve 200 can be located on one or more of the first side 111, the second side 112, and the fourth side 114. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 200 is located on the first side 111.

[0063] For example, in the second installation method, the chassis 10 is installed at a corner against a wall, meaning that the fourth side 114 of the chassis 10 is close to one wall 500, and the second side 112 of the chassis 10 is close to another wall 500. In this case, both the second side 112 and the third side 113 of the chassis 10 are installation sides, and the explosion-proof valve 200 can be installed on one or more of the first side 111 and the fourth side 114. It is understood that the specific installation method of the chassis 10 can be configured according to the actual scenario, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0064] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the chassis assembly in the first embodiment provided in this application. Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the protective cover and chassis in the first embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the chassis 10 may be made of a high-hardness material as the outer shell and a flame-retardant and fire-resistant material as the inner lining, so that the chassis 10 has both structural strength and fire resistance. The high-hardness material may be steel, and the flame-retardant and fire-resistant material may be mica, aluminum silicate, etc.

[0065] The chassis 10 has a main body 11 and a partition 12. The main body 11 is generally rectangular, and its interior is hollow, forming a receiving cavity. The opening of the receiving cavity faces the protective cover 20, which covers the receiving cavity. The partition 12 is located in the middle of the receiving cavity and is fixedly connected to the main body 11. The partition 12 divides the internal space of the receiving cavity. The space above the partition 12 forms a power compartment 102, and the space below the partition 12 forms a battery compartment 101. The battery assembly 300 is disposed in the power compartment 102 and fixedly connected to the main body 11, and the power conversion assembly 400 is disposed in the power compartment 102 and fixedly connected to the main body 11.

[0066] In some embodiments, the chassis 10 further includes a heat dissipation mechanism 13 disposed within the main body 11. The heat dissipation mechanism 13 is positioned corresponding to the power compartment 102, located on the outside of the power compartment 102, and thermally connected to the power conversion assembly 400 within the power compartment 102. Protective covers 20 are spaced apart from the heat dissipation mechanism 13 to allow gas to flow between the protective covers 20 and the heat dissipation mechanism 13.

[0067] For example, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 can be a finned heat sink, and the heat dissipation mechanism 13 is fixed to the side of the power conversion component 400 facing the protective cover 20. When the device is working, the heat emitted by the power conversion component 400 can be conducted to the heat dissipation mechanism 13 for diffusion, so as to dissipate heat from the power conversion component 400.

[0068] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 is located through the flow channel 103. The heat dissipation mechanism 13 can absorb the power conversion component 400 and discharge it through the flow channel 103, thereby improving the heat dissipation rate.

[0069] In some embodiments, the chassis 10 also includes an exhaust 14 located above the power compartment 102. Exemplarily, the exhaust 14 employs a grille structure and has multiple vent holes. During operation, gas inside the main body 11 can be discharged upwards through the exhaust 14, reducing the accumulation of high temperatures inside the main body 11 and improving the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0070] In some embodiments, the chassis 10 further includes a plurality of mounting plates 15 distributed on both sides of the main body 11, and the mounting plates 15 are fixed to the side of the main body 11 facing the protective cover 20. The protective cover 20 is fixed to the side of the mounting plates 15 away from the main body 11. An exhaust component 14 overlaps the tops of two mounting plates 15 and is fixedly connected to both mounting plates 15.

[0071] In some embodiments, the chassis 10 further includes a mounting cover 16, which covers the battery compartment 101 and is fixedly connected to the main body 11. Protective covers 20 are spaced apart from the mounting covers 16, and flow channels 103 are at least partially located between the protective covers 20 and the mounting covers 16.

[0072] For example, the mounting cover 16 is located between two mounting plates 15, and the mounting cover 16 is fixed to the side of the body 11 facing the protective cover 20. With the support of the mounting plates 15 on the protective cover 20, a gap is maintained between the protective cover 20 and the mounting cover 16.

[0073] In some embodiments, a support frame 17 is provided at the bottom of the chassis 10. The support frame 17 is configured to support and elevate the chassis 10 to form a clearance space 105 below the chassis 10. For example, the support frame 17 includes a plurality of height-adjustable support legs, which are spaced apart at the bottom of the main body 11 and fixedly connected to the main body 11.

[0074] In the example of this application, the mounting cover 16, the partition 12 and the main body 11 cooperate to form a sealed environment inside the battery compartment 101, reducing the interference of debris in the external environment on the battery assembly 300, achieving the effect of waterproofing and dustproofing. At the same time, under normal operating conditions, it reduces the leakage of gas inside the battery compartment 101 to the outside.

[0075] It is understood that the main body 11, the mounting cover 16, and the mounting plate 15 together constitute the overall external structure of the chassis 10 and form the various sides of the chassis 10. The surface of each side facing the receiving cavity is defined as the inner wall, and the surface of each side facing away from the receiving cavity is defined as the outer wall. Among them, the first side 111 is the front of the chassis 10, and the first side 111 is formed on the mounting cover 16. The second side 112 and the fourth side 114 are the left and right sides of the chassis 10, respectively formed on the side of the main body 11 and the corresponding mounting plate 15. The third side 113 is the back of the chassis 10, and the third side 113 is formed on the side of the main body 11 facing away from the opening of the receiving cavity.

[0076] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the side of the chassis 10, and the exhaust port 104 is located above the battery compartment 101 on the chassis assembly 100. The guide channel 103 is used to guide high-temperature gas to be discharged upward from the exhaust port 104. For example, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the first side 111 of the chassis 10, that is, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the mounting cover 16. The exhaust port 104 is formed on the exhaust member 14 so that the exhaust port 104 is disposed on the top of the chassis 10, and the exhaust port 104 is located above the battery compartment 101 and the power compartment 102. Thus, when the battery assembly 300 experiences thermal runaway, the flame or high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be discharged upward from the exhaust port 104 through the guide channel 103, achieving the effect of fire spread prevention.

[0077] In some embodiments, multiple explosion-proof valves 200 are provided, and the multiple explosion-proof valves 200 are distributed at intervals. Multiple flow channels 103 corresponding to the explosion-proof valves 200 are provided in the isolation space 21. The flow channels 103 are connected to the corresponding explosion-proof valves 200 and the exhaust ports 104.

[0078] In this embodiment, multiple explosion-proof valves 200 all pass through the same flow channel 103, which improves the overall exhaust efficiency, enhances the fireproof effect, and simplifies the design layout of the flow channel 103. In the example of this application, the number of explosion-proof valves 200 is two, and they are located on the same side of the chassis 10. In other embodiments, the number and layout of the explosion-proof valves 200 can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0079] In some embodiments, the protective cover 20 is shaped to correspond to the shape of the chassis 10 so that the protective cover 20 covers the battery compartment 101 and the power compartment 102. The protective cover 20 is sealed to the chassis 10 so that the isolation space 21 is sealed relative to the outside of the chassis 10, thereby reducing the risk of gas inside the isolation space 21 leaking out of the chassis 10 from parts other than the exhaust port 104.

[0080] For example, the protective cover 20 can be made of a high-hardness material as the outer shell and a flame-retardant and fire-resistant material as the inner lining, so that the protective cover 20 has both supporting strength and fire resistance. The high-hardness material can be steel, etc., and the flame-retardant and fire-resistant material can be mica, aluminum silicate, etc. The protective cover 20 is disposed at the opening of the receiving cavity, below the exhaust component 14, and its two sides are fixedly connected to two mounting plates 15 respectively.

[0081] In some embodiments, a heat insulation layer 22 is provided within the isolation space 21. Exemplarily, the heat insulation layer 22 is made of fire-retardant materials, such as aerogel or aluminum silicate. The heat insulation layer 22 is disposed between the protective cover 20 and the mounting cover 16. The heat insulation layer 22 can slow the spread of high temperatures on the chassis 10 or the protective cover 20, reducing the surface temperature of the chassis 10 and the protective cover 20.

[0082] In some embodiments, the flow channel 103 includes a first segment 1031 and a second segment 1032 that are interconnected, wherein the first segment 1031 is formed between the protective cover 20 and the battery compartment 101, and the second segment 1032 is formed between the protective cover 20 and the power compartment 102. The first segment 1031 is located below the second segment 1032, and the second segment 1032 is located below the exhaust port 104.

[0083] The mounting cover 16 is provided with a flow guide 18, which is distributed around the explosion-proof valve 200. The flow guide 18 has an opening 181 facing the exhaust port 104. The mounting cover 16, the protective cover 20, and the flow guide 18 together form the first section 1031. For example, the flow guide 18 is made of flame-retardant and fire-resistant materials, such as aluminum silicate, mica, glass fiber, Teflon, or other fire-resistant materials or composite materials.

[0084] The flow guide 18 is U-shaped, with an opening 181 at its upper end. The opening 181 is connected to the second section 1032, and multiple explosion-proof valves 200 are located inside the flow guide 18. The flow guide 18 is fixed to the side of the mounting cover 16 facing the protective cover 20, and the flow guide 18 abuts against or is in close contact with the protective cover 20.

[0085] It is understood that the flow guide 18 divides the space of the isolation space 21 by the inner and outer sides. The isolation space 21 is located in the space inside the flow guide 18 to form the first segment 1031, and the space in the isolation space 21 is located in the space outside the flow guide 18 to provide the heat insulation layer 22.

[0086] Thus, the first section 1031 allows flames or high-temperature gases discharged from the explosion-proof valve 200 to enter, and guides the flames or high-temperature gases within the first section 1031 to the opening 181, so that the flames or high-temperature gases can quickly move away from the explosion-proof valve 200 and the battery compartment 101. At the same time, the heat insulation layer 22 prevents the flames or high-temperature gases within the first section 1031 from spreading, slowing down the spread of high temperature on the battery compartment 101 and the protective cover 20.

[0087] The protective cover 20 is spaced apart from the heat dissipation mechanism 13, and the space between the protective cover 20 and the heat dissipation mechanism 13 forms the second section 1032. For example, the heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation mechanism 13 are located above the flow guide 18, and the heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation mechanism 13 are parallel to the vertical direction. Thus, flames or high-temperature gases in the first section 1031 can enter the second section 1032 through the opening 181, and are discharged from the exhaust port 104 after passing through the second section 1032. Furthermore, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 can cool the high-temperature gases flowing through the second section 1032, reducing the potential hazards that high-temperature gases may cause to external fixed objects and improving safety.

[0088] In some embodiments, a flame barrier 141 is provided at the exhaust port 104 to prevent sparks from spreading out of the exhaust port 104. For example, the flame barrier 141 is made of a fire-resistant material, such as aluminum silicate, and is located at the exhaust port 14, with a through-hole for gas passage. Thus, when the flame in the guide channel 103 reaches the exhaust port 104, the flame barrier 141 can filter combustible particles at the exhaust port 104 and prevent flames from exiting the exhaust port 104, improving safety.

[0089] Figure 8 This is a top view of the exhaust port in the first embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to the accompanying document. Figure 8 In some embodiments, a fan 142 is provided at the exhaust port 104. The fan 142 is used to quickly exhaust high-temperature gas from the exhaust port 104. For example, the fan 142 is provided on the exhaust component 14, and the air blowing direction of the fan 142 is upward. The fan 142 can drive the gas to quickly leave the chassis 10 through the exhaust port 104, reducing the accumulation of high-temperature gas inside the chassis 10.

[0090] In some embodiments, the chassis assembly 100 further includes a heat insulation baffle 30, which shields the area above the exhaust port 104. The heat insulation baffle 30 is configured to prevent high-temperature gases emitted from the exhaust port 104 from baking objects located above the chassis assembly 100. For example, the heat insulation baffle 30 is arranged parallel to the horizontal direction and has a support plate 31 arranged parallel to the vertical direction. The support plate 31 is bolted to the top of the main body 11. The heat insulation baffle 30 prevents flames and high-temperature gases from the explosion-proof valve 200 from directly baking the roof 600, reducing the risk of fire.

[0091] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the heat insulation baffle in the first position in the second embodiment provided in this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the heat insulation baffle in the second position according to the second embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The second embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that, in the second embodiment, the heat insulation baffle 30 is movably connected to the chassis 10, and the chassis 10 is provided with a storage slot. The heat insulation baffle 30 has a first position and a second position relative to the chassis 10. When the heat insulation baffle 30 is in the first position, it covers the top of the chassis 10. When the heat insulation baffle 30 is in the second position, it is at least partially housed within the storage slot. Thus, when the heat insulation baffle 30 is not needed, the user can place it in the second position to reduce its space occupation and facilitate use.

[0092] Specifically, the chassis 10 is slidably engaged with the heat insulation baffle 30, and the chassis 10 is provided with an elastic locking mechanism 40 for connecting with the heat insulation baffle 30. The elastic locking mechanism 40 has a locked state and a released state. When the elastic locking mechanism 40 is in the locked state, the elastic locking mechanism 40 fixes the heat insulation baffle 30. When the elastic locking mechanism 40 is in the released state, the heat insulation baffle 30 is allowed to slide relative to the chassis 10, and the heat insulation baffle 30 is moved to a first position by elasticity.

[0093] For example, the heat insulation baffle 30 is provided with a connecting rod 32, which extends vertically and is distributed on both sides of the heat insulation baffle 30. The connecting rod 32 has a slot 321. The chassis 10 is provided with a sliding groove 19 corresponding to the connecting rod 32, and the sliding groove 19 extends vertically, and the connecting rod 32 is slidably disposed in the corresponding sliding groove 19.

[0094] When the heat insulation baffle 30 is in the first position, it is located above the chassis 10, and the connecting rod 32 is partially exposed upward in the sliding groove 19. When the heat insulation baffle 30 is in the second position, it is located at the top of the chassis 10, and the connecting rod 32 is received downward in the sliding groove 19, so that the heat insulation baffle 30 is hidden in the chassis 10.

[0095] For example, the elastic locking mechanism 40 has an elastic pin 41 and a spring element 42. The elastic pin 41 is disposed in the housing 10 and is used to engage with the slot 321 of the connecting rod 32. The elastic pin 41 has an elastically extendable movable end, which can be operated by the user to extend or retract. When the elastic pin 41 is in its natural state, the movable end of the elastic pin 41 enters the sliding groove 19. When the user operates the elastic pin 41, the movable end of the elastic pin 41 leaves the sliding groove 19 until the user stops operating and the elastic pin 41 returns to its natural state. The spring element 42 is a compression spring, the axis of which is parallel to the vertical direction. The spring element 42 is disposed in the sliding groove 19, the lower end of which is fixed to the housing 10, and the upper end of which is fixed to the connecting rod 32.

[0096] When the heat insulation baffle 30 is in the first position, the position of the elastic pin 41 is aligned with the position of the slot 321, and the movable end of the elastic pin 41 inserts into the slot 321 to form a locking engagement, preventing the connecting rod 32 from sliding within the sliding groove 19. At this time, the elastic element 42 undergoes compression deformation. When the user stops operating, the movable end of the elastic pin 41 leaves the slot 321, the elastic element 42 returns to its original deformation, and pushes the connecting rod 32 to move within the sliding groove 19, so that the heat insulation baffle 30 moves to the second position. In this way, the elastic locking mechanism 40 can automatically lock or release the heat insulation baffle 30, facilitating user operation.

[0097] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the heat insulation baffle 30 uses a sliding fit to switch between the first and second positions. In other embodiments, the heat insulation baffle 30 can also be achieved by a rotation fit, a detachable connection, etc., and the elastic locking mechanism 40 can also be adjusted and configured accordingly. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0098] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the chassis assembly during the operation of the fire suppression module in the third embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 11 The third embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that the chassis assembly 100 further includes a fire suppression system for extinguishing fires inside the chassis 10.

[0099] Specifically, the fire protection system includes a sensing module, a control module, and a fire protection module 70. The sensing module is used to monitor environmental parameters inside the chassis 10 in real time to detect whether flames or high-temperature gases are generated inside the chassis 10 due to thermal runaway of the battery cells. For example, the sensing module includes, but is not limited to, temperature sensors, smoke sensors, and flame detectors.

[0100] A fire suppression module 70 is disposed within the chassis 10. The fire suppression module 70 has a spray area 71, and the fire suppression module 70 is used to spray extinguishing agent into the spray area 71. The spray area 71 is located via a flow channel 103. The extinguishing agent includes, but is not limited to, heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone. In the example of this application, the number of fire suppression modules 70 is one, and the fire suppression module 70 is located above the battery compartment 101; in other embodiments, there may be multiple fire suppression modules 70, which are distributed at intervals along the flow channel 103, and this application does not limit this.

[0101] The control module manages the extinguishing agent release logic. The sensing module and the fire suppression module 70 are electrically connected to the control module. The control module acquires the environmental parameters monitored by the sensing module and, based on these parameters, determines whether flames or high-temperature gases have been generated inside the chassis 10 due to thermal runaway of the battery cells. If flames or high-temperature gases are present inside the chassis 10, the control module sends a control command to the fire suppression module 70, causing the fire suppression module 70 to spray extinguishing agent through the flow channel 103. The flames or high-temperature gases first pass through the spray area 71 for cooling and extinguishing before reaching the exhaust port 104, thereby preventing the spread of the fire.

[0102] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the energy storage device in the fourth embodiment provided in this application. Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the energy storage device in the fourth embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 12 and Figure 13 The fourth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that, in the fourth embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the side of the chassis 10, and the exhaust port 104 is disposed on the side of the protective cover 20. For example, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the first side 111 of the chassis 10, and the protective cover 20 has an exhaust port 104 located opposite the explosion-proof valve 200. The number and position of the exhaust ports 104 correspond to the number and position of the explosion-proof valves 200. The guide channel 103 is used to guide high-temperature gas to be discharged from the side of the protective cover 20.

[0103] Thus, when the battery assembly 300 experiences thermal runaway, the flames or high-temperature gases discharged from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be guided to the exhaust port 104 by the flow channel 103 and discharged from the side of the chassis 10 through the exhaust port 104, achieving the effect of fire spread prevention and control. At the same time, it can prevent the flames or high-temperature gases from passing upward through the power compartment 102, reducing the risk of damage to the internal components of the power compartment 102.

[0104] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the chassis assembly in the fourth embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 14 In one embodiment, a sealing ring 50 is provided between the protective cover 20 and the chassis 10. The sealing ring 50 surrounds the explosion-proof valve 200, and a flow channel 103 is formed on the inner side of the sealing ring 50.

[0105] For example, the sealing ring 50 is annular in shape and is fixed between the protective cover 20 and the mounting cover 16, with both the protective cover 20 and the mounting cover 16 forming a sealing fit with the sealing ring. The outer ring size of the sealing ring 50 is larger than the size of the exhaust port 104, and the inner ring size of the sealing ring 50 is smaller than or equal to the size of the exhaust port 104. The inner side of the sealing ring 50 forms a flow channel 103 between the protective cover 20 and the mounting cover 16, and the flow channel 103 is sealed relative to the outer side of the sealed environment. In this way, the flame or high-temperature gas ejected from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be directly discharged to the exhaust port 104 through the flow channel 103, shortening the exhaust distance and allowing the flame or high-temperature gas to quickly move away from the explosion-proof valve 200 and the battery compartment 101. At the same time, the sealing ring 50 can prevent gas from diffusing to the outside of the sealing ring 50, reducing the accumulation of gas in the chassis 10 and improving safety.

[0106] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the exhaust ports of the chassis assembly in the fifth embodiment provided in this application. Please refer to it as well. Figure 15 The fifth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that, in the fifth embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 200 is disposed on the second side 112 and the fourth side 114 of the chassis 10. A protective cover 20 is disposed around the periphery of the chassis 10, and an exhaust port 104 is provided on the protective cover 20 directly opposite the explosion-proof valve 200. Thus, when the battery assembly 300 experiences thermal runaway, the flame or high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be guided to the exhaust port 104 by the guide channel 103 and discharged from the side wall of the chassis 10 through the exhaust port 104, achieving the effect of fire spread prevention.

[0107] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the chassis assembly during pressure relief and exhaust in the sixth embodiment provided in this application. The dashed arrows in the diagram indicate the exhaust direction. Please refer to the accompanying documentation. Figure 16The sixth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that, in the sixth embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 200 is located at the bottom of the chassis 10. The explosion-proof valve 200 is situated in the clearance space 105, and the clearance space 105 is connected to the flow channel 103. For example, the chassis 10 is provided with an exhaust pipe 60, which is made of flame-retardant and fire-resistant materials, such as aluminum silicate, mica, fiberglass, Teflon, or other fire-resistant materials or composite materials.

[0108] The exhaust port 104 is located at the top of the chassis 10. An exhaust pipe 60 passes between the chassis 10 and the protective cover 20. One end of the exhaust pipe 60 is fixed to the bottom of the chassis 10 and encloses the explosion-proof valve 200. The other end of the exhaust pipe 60 is connected to the exhaust port 104, and a flow channel 103 is formed inside the exhaust pipe 60. In this way, flames or high-temperature gases ejected from the explosion-proof valve 200 can be directly discharged to the exhaust port 104 through the exhaust pipe, achieving the effect of fire spread prevention and reducing the risk of fire.

[0109] It is understood that in other embodiments, the exhaust port 104 may also be provided on the side of the chassis 10, or if there are multiple exhaust ports 104, the multiple exhaust ports 104 may be provided on the top and side of the chassis 10 respectively, and this application does not limit this.

[0110] It is worth noting that the above embodiments can be combined with each other. That is, when there are multiple explosion-proof valves 200, the multiple explosion-proof valves 200 can be distributed in different positions on the chassis 10, and the isolation space 21 is provided with multiple flow channels 103 corresponding to the explosion-proof valves 200. The flow channels 103 are connected to the corresponding explosion-proof valves 200 and the exhaust ports 104.

[0111] For example, an explosion-proof valve 200 is installed on the first side 111 of the chassis 10, and another explosion-proof valve 200 is installed on the fourth side 114 of the chassis 10. An exhaust port 104 is installed on the top of the chassis 10, and an exhaust port 104 is also installed on the side of the protective cover 20. An upward exhaust channel 103 is formed between the first side 111 of the chassis 10 and the protective cover 20, and a side exhaust channel 103B is formed between the fourth side 114 of the chassis 10 and the protective cover 20. The explosion-proof valve 200 is connected to the exhaust port 104 through the channel 103. The explosion-proof valve 200 is also connected to the exhaust port 104 through the channel 103B. In this way, multiple explosion-proof valves 200 can vent and relieve pressure at different locations on the chassis 10, improving the fire spread prevention effect.

[0112] It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the position and distribution of the multiple explosion-proof valves 200 can be configured according to actual needs. For example, the explosion-proof valves 200 can also be set at the bottom of the chassis 10, and the exhaust port 104 and the flow channel 103 can be adjusted accordingly. This application does not limit this.

[0113] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, an energy storage device is also provided. The energy storage device includes a battery module 300, a power conversion module 400, and a chassis assembly 100 as in any of the above embodiments, wherein the battery module 300 and the power conversion module 400 are housed within the chassis assembly 100.

[0114] The working principle and beneficial effects of the energy storage device provided in this application can be specifically described in the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A chassis assembly, characterized in that, Applied to energy storage devices, the energy storage devices include battery components and explosion-proof valves, and the chassis assembly includes: The chassis has a battery compartment in which the battery assembly is housed; the explosion-proof valve is disposed in the chassis and exposed on the outer wall of the chassis. A protective cover is spaced apart from the outer wall of the chassis where the explosion-proof valve is located. An isolation space is formed between the protective cover and the chassis. A flow guide channel is provided in the isolation space. An exhaust port is formed at a position away from the chassis in the flow guide channel. The exhaust port and the explosion-proof valve are connected through the flow guide channel. When the battery assembly in the battery compartment experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas in the battery compartment is discharged to the flow channel via the explosion-proof valve, and the flow channel guides the high-temperature gas to be discharged from the exhaust port.

2. The chassis assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve is located on the side of the chassis, the exhaust port is located above the battery compartment of the chassis assembly, and the flow channel is used to guide high-temperature gas to be discharged upward from the exhaust port.

3. The chassis assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chassis assembly also includes a heat insulation baffle that shields the area above the exhaust port. The heat insulation baffle is configured to prevent high-temperature gases emitted from the exhaust port from baking an object located above the chassis assembly.

4. The chassis assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat insulation baffle is movably connected to the chassis, and the chassis is provided with a storage slot; the heat insulation baffle has a first position and a second position relative to the chassis. When the heat insulation baffle is in the first position, the heat insulation baffle blocks the top of the chassis; when the heat insulation baffle is in the second position, the heat insulation baffle is at least partially received in the storage slot.

5. The chassis assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chassis is slidably engaged with the heat insulation baffle. The chassis is provided with an elastic locking mechanism for connecting with the heat insulation baffle. The elastic locking mechanism has a locked state and a released state. When the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state, the locking mechanism fixes the heat insulation baffle. When the elastic locking mechanism is in the released state, the heat insulation baffle is allowed to slide relative to the chassis, and the heat insulation baffle is moved to the first position by elasticity.

6. The chassis assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow channel includes a first section. The chassis has a mounting cover. The protective cover is spaced apart from the mounting cover. A flow guide is provided on the side of the mounting cover facing the protective cover. The flow guide is distributed around the explosion-proof valve. The flow guide has an opening facing the exhaust port. The mounting cover, the protective cover, and the flow guide together form the first section.

7. The chassis assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The airflow channel includes a second section, the chassis has a heat dissipation mechanism, the protective cover is spaced apart from the heat dissipation mechanism, the space between the protective cover and the heat dissipation mechanism forms the second section, and the heat dissipation mechanism is used to cool the high-temperature gas flowing through the second section.

8. The chassis assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve is located on the side of the chassis, the exhaust port is located on the side of the protective cover, and the flow channel is used to guide high-temperature gas to be discharged from the side of the protective cover.

9. The chassis assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the protective cover and the chassis, the sealing ring is arranged around the explosion-proof valve, and the inner side of the sealing ring forms the flow guiding channel.

10. The chassis assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the chassis is provided with a support frame, which is constructed to support and elevate the chassis to form a clearance space below the chassis. The clearance space is connected to the flow channel; the explosion-proof valve is located in the clearance space.

11. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, A fireproof component is provided at the exhaust port to prevent sparks from spreading out of the exhaust port.

12. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, A fan is installed at the exhaust port, and the fan is used to quickly expel high-temperature gas from the exhaust port.

13. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The isolation space is equipped with a heat insulation layer.

14. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The protective cover is sealed to the chassis to seal the isolation space.

15. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve has multiple components, the protective cover is provided with multiple exhaust ports corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, and the isolation space is provided with multiple flow guiding channels corresponding to the explosion-proof valve. The flow guiding channels connect the corresponding explosion-proof valve and the exhaust port.

16. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The chassis is used for mounting on a fixed object; The chassis has multiple sides, with the side adjacent to the fixed object defined as the mounting side, and the explosion-proof valve located on the other sides of the chassis besides the mounting side.

17. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The chassis assembly also includes a fire suppression module, which is disposed inside the chassis. The fire suppression module has a spray area and is used to spray extinguishing agent into the spray area. The location of the spray area is through the guide channel.

18. The chassis assembly according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes a power conversion component; The chassis also has a power compartment located above the battery compartment, which is used to house the power conversion components.

19. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery assembly, a power conversion assembly, and a chassis assembly as described in any one of claims 1-18, wherein the battery assembly and the power conversion assembly are housed within the chassis assembly.

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