Ceramic-based metamaterial antenna housing based on topological optimization and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic-based metamaterial antenna housing based on topological optimization and a design method of the ceramic-based metamaterial antenna housing. The invention discloses a ceramic-based metamaterial antenna housing based on topological optimization. The ceramic-based metamaterial antenna housing comprises a plurality of ceramic unit cell units which are periodically arranged above a corresponding antenna area of the antenna housing; each ceramic unit cell unit is composed of M * N ceramic cuboid columns, and the size of each ceramic unit cell unit on the plane of the radome is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the stop band of the radome; the height of each ceramic cuboid column in each ceramic unit cell unit is obtained through optimization based on a topological optimization model, and the optimization target of the topological optimization model is that the passband wave transmission rate of the antenna housing is maximized and the stopband wave transmission rate is minimum. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the antenna housing which can work in a severe environment and meets the electromagnetic performance requirement of an antenna is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] Subways rely on onboard wireless communication systems (such as Passenger Information System (PIS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5th Generation (5G)) to ensure operational safety and efficiency. Some antennas for these systems are located inside the train, while others are densely arranged on the roof. However, the complex electromagnetic environment leads to co-channel interference and out-of-band interference between antennas, severely impacting communication reliability and train operation safety.

[0003] Among these, antennas operating in overlapping frequency bands may experience co-channel or adjacent-channel interference, leading to a significant decrease in receiver sensitivity or communication link termination, directly threatening traffic safety and dispatch efficiency. Even if the operating frequency bands of antennas do not intersect, out-of-band interference may still occur between antennas in non-intersecting frequency bands. This type of interference is insidious, difficult to diagnose, and poses a greater threat.

[0004] In summary, subway onboard antenna systems face the triple challenges of co-channel interference caused by intersecting frequency bands, out-of-band blocking and intermodulation interference caused by non-intersecting frequency bands, and the harsh physical environment of subways. Traditional solutions can only provide limited physical protection and are insufficient to cope with the complex electromagnetic environment and multiple layers of environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization and its design method, providing a radome that can operate in harsh environments and meet the electromagnetic performance requirements of antennas.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, comprising:

[0007] Multiple ceramic unit cells are periodically arranged above the antenna region corresponding to the radome;

[0008] Each ceramic unit cell consists of M×N ceramic cuboids, and the size of each ceramic unit cell on the radome plane is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the radome stopband.

[0009] The height of each ceramic cuboid column in each ceramic unit cell is obtained by optimization based on a topology optimization model. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance of the radome and minimize the stopband transmittance.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the height of each ceramic cuboid prism in each ceramic unit cell is iteratively optimized based on a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the passband transmittance of each ceramic unit cell is greater than 90%, and the stopband suppression depth is less than -20dB.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the ceramic-based metamaterial radome is manufactured using a ceramic 3D printing process.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a plurality of periodically arranged ceramic unit cells are bonded to a metal frame by co-sintering or a high-strength weather-resistant adhesive, the metal frame including a mounting portion.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a design method for a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, comprising:

[0015] The passband and stopband of the radome are determined based on the operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the radome.

[0016] Establish a topology optimization model for each ceramic unit cell in the radome. Each ceramic unit cell consists of M×N ceramic cuboids. The size of each ceramic unit cell on the radome plane is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the radome stopband.

[0017] The topology optimization model is optimized to obtain the ceramic unit cell structure of the radome. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance of the radome and minimize the stopband transmittance.

[0018] The radome is formed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells above the antenna.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, optimizing the topology optimization model includes:

[0020] The height of each ceramic cuboid column in each ceramic unit cell is iteratively optimized based on a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, a radome is constructed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells above the antenna, including:

[0022] Multiple ceramic unit cells are arranged periodically, and electromagnetic simulation is performed on the periodically arranged multiple ceramic unit cells for verification.

[0023] Multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells, verified through electromagnetic simulation, are used as radomes.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells, verified through electromagnetic simulation, are used as an antenna radome, including:

[0025] Multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells, verified by electromagnetic simulation, are manufactured using ceramic 3D printing technology to form an antenna radome.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, after the radome is constructed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells above the antenna, it further includes:

[0027] The radome is bonded to the metal frame using co-sintering or a high-strength, weather-resistant adhesive, and the metal frame includes a mounting section.

[0028] The ceramic-based metamaterial radome and its design method based on topology optimization provided in this invention are made of ceramic materials. Ceramic materials possess properties such as high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, aging resistance, and flame retardancy. Therefore, the radome can adapt to harsh working environments, enabling the corresponding antenna to operate normally in such conditions. Furthermore, each ceramic unit cell constituting the radome is designed according to a topology optimization model, and the entire radome is formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple ceramic unit cells. Thus, the radome can achieve the optimization objective of maximizing passband transmittance and minimizing stopband transmittance, ensuring normal radiation of the corresponding antenna while effectively suppressing electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands. Therefore, the antenna corresponding to the radome can maintain normal operation within its operating frequency band even when multiple antennas of different frequency bands are deployed. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ceramic unit cell in a topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the optimization objectives for ceramic unit cells;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the transmittance effect of a topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a design method for a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, provided for embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0035] Current subway vehicle-mounted wireless communication systems may experience co-channel interference, adjacent-channel interference, and out-of-band interference. For example, the LTE antennas dedicated to vehicle-to-ground communication operate in the 1785MHz-1805MHz band, while the wireless transmission device (WTD) antennas operate in the 1710MHz-2700MHz band. These operating bands partially overlap, leading to co-channel or adjacent-channel interference. This can significantly reduce receiver sensitivity and even cause communication link termination, directly threatening train operation and dispatching safety. Even if different antennas operate in non-overlapping or non-adjacent bands, out-of-band interference can still occur. Out-of-band noise from high-power transmitting antennas can clog high-sensitivity receivers, causing them to saturate and fail. Multiple strong signals can also generate intermodulation interference, falling into other operating frequency bands. This type of interference is more concealed, difficult to diagnose, and more harmful.

[0036] Currently, in the field of subway and other rail transit, the radomes installed on vehicle-mounted antennas generally adopt a single-function passive protection design. Their core design philosophy is to provide physical protection for the antenna while minimizing impact on its radiation performance. Materials are mostly high-polymer materials or engineering plastics. Because they cannot distinguish between useful communication signals and harmful interference signals, current radomes employ a penetration strategy against electromagnetic waves of all frequency bands. Therefore, current subway radomes cannot solve the complex electromagnetic interference problems existing on the roof of subway cars. Furthermore, the strength, temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and aging performance of high-polymer materials or engineering plastics are relatively poor, failing to adequately meet the vibration and shock, high and low temperature variations, and stringent flame retardant requirements encountered during subway vehicle operation.

[0037] This application provides a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization. The radome uses a ceramic-based metamaterial and is optimized through topology optimization. Due to the high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, aging resistance, and flame retardancy of ceramic materials, the radome can adapt to the harsh environment of subway vehicle operation, and the optimized radome design can meet the requirements for suppressing electromagnetic interference.

[0038] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein... Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ceramic unit cell in a topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in this embodiment includes:

[0039] Multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells 11, each composed of M×N ceramic cuboid pillars 12, have a dimension on the radome plane smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency in the radome's stopband. The height of each ceramic cuboid pillar 12 in each ceramic unit cell 11 is optimized based on a topology optimization model. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance of the radome and minimize the stopband transmittance.

[0040] The topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in this application embodiment is used to protect antennas, including physical protection and electromagnetic protection. This radome can protect any type of antenna, especially those operating in relatively harsh environments, where it provides better protection. For example, the topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in this application embodiment can protect antennas installed outside subway stations, or other antennas operating in harsh and complex electromagnetic environments. The topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in this application embodiment is a frequency-selective surface (FSS) radome.

[0041] The radome provided in this embodiment is disposed above the corresponding protected antenna area, and the maximum size of the radome is not less than the outer size of the antenna. The radome is composed of a plurality of periodically arranged ceramic unit cells 11, wherein the structure of each ceramic unit cell 11 is as follows: Figure 2As shown, each ceramic unit cell 11 consists of M×N ceramic cuboid pillars 12. A ceramic unit cell 11 serves as a basic design area. First, the dimensions of a ceramic unit cell 11 on the radome plane are determined, based on the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the radome's stopband. The radome stopband refers to the operating frequency band of the electromagnetic waves that the radome needs to isolate from the antenna. Electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the antenna should penetrate the radome for normal transmission and reception; only then will the radome not affect the normal operation of the corresponding antenna. Conversely, electromagnetic waves in the stopband of the antenna should avoid penetrating the radome to prevent interference with the antenna within it. For example, if the highest frequency of the radome's stopband is 2700MHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 111mm, then the lateral dimension of a ceramic unit cell 11 should be less than 111mm. Besides considering the stopband of the ceramic unit cell 11, the passband performance also needs to be considered. This means using the radome as a spatial bandpass filter for its corresponding antenna, allowing the radome to transmit electromagnetic waves in its passband while blocking electromagnetic waves from other frequency bands outside the passband.

[0042] Therefore, each ceramic unit cell 11 can be divided into M×N ceramic cuboid pillars 12, and the dimensions of each ceramic cuboid pillar 12 on the radome plane can be the same. Then, based on the topology optimization model, the height of each ceramic cuboid pillar 12 in a ceramic unit cell 11 is optimized to obtain the three-dimensional dimensions of a ceramic unit cell 11. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model for optimizing the height of each ceramic cuboid pillar 12 in a ceramic unit cell 11 is to maximize the passband transmittance of the radome and minimize the stopband transmittance, that is, to allow electromagnetic waves in the passband of the radome to pass through the radome as much as possible, while keeping electromagnetic waves in the stopband isolated outside the radome.

[0043] After determining the dimensions of a ceramic unit cell 11 in each direction, multiple ceramic unit cells 11 are periodically arranged on the radome plane to form a ceramic unit cell array, which together constitutes a radome structure. The dimensions of each ceramic unit cell 11 are optimized based on the operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the radome. For the entire ceramic unit cell array, optimization simulation is also performed after periodic arrangement to determine the arrangement method. After determining the dimensions and shape of the optimized ceramic unit cell array, the radome can be manufactured according to these dimensions. The entire radome is made of ceramic material, which can be obtained by fabricating ceramic blanks according to the determined dimensions and then sintering them, or by using ceramic 3D printing and other technologies.

[0044] Since the topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome provided in this embodiment is made of ceramic material, which has properties such as high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, aging resistance, and flame retardancy, the radome can adapt to harsh working environments, enabling the corresponding antenna to operate normally in such environments. Furthermore, each ceramic unit cell constituting the radome is designed according to a topology optimization model, and the entire radome is formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple ceramic unit cells. Therefore, the radome can achieve the optimal performance of maximizing passband transmittance and minimizing stopband transmittance, ensuring normal radiation of the corresponding antenna while effectively suppressing electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands. Thus, the antenna corresponding to the radome can maintain normal operation in scenarios where multiple antennas of different frequency bands are deployed.

[0045] In one embodiment, the optimization of the height of each ceramic cuboid pillar 12 in each ceramic unit cell 11 can be based on a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm for iterative optimization. The genetic algorithm is a method that searches for the optimal solution by simulating a natural evolutionary process. First, an initial population for the genetic algorithm is randomly generated, consisting of multiple individuals, each an M×N matrix representing a height distribution of the M×N ceramic cuboid pillars. Each element in the matrix is ​​randomly generated within a certain range. Fitness is calculated for each individual in the population. After each generation evaluation, the top-ranked elite individuals are selected and copied to the next generation population. Other individuals are used as parents and mothers for crossover and mutation operations to generate multiple offspring individuals, which, together with the elite individuals, form the next generation population. Fitness evaluation is repeated until the genetic iteration count reaches a preset number. The fitness calculation for each individual is based on electromagnetic simulation methods to determine the passband and stopband transmittance. Combining the topology optimization model and the genetic algorithm can optimize the radome for better passband and stopband performance.

[0046] In one embodiment, each ceramic unit cell can be optimized with a passband transmittance greater than 90% and a stopband suppression depth less than -20dB as optimization targets, so that the radome's performance meets the usage requirements. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optimization target of the ceramic unit cell, in which the electromagnetic signal transmittance in the operating frequency band can be greater than 90%, the transmittance in the stopband (interference frequency band) is less than 0.2, and the corresponding suppression depth can be less than -20dB.

[0047] Furthermore, since the radome is made of ceramic material, a metal frame 13 can be provided on the outside of the radome to enable it to be fixedly installed with the corresponding antenna. The metal frame 13 is bonded to multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells 11 by co-sintering or high-strength weather-resistant adhesive. The metal frame 13 includes a mounting portion 14. In this way, the mounting portion 14 on the metal frame 13 can be used to connect and install the antenna.

[0048] The following detailed explanation uses an radome designed for a common LTE antenna (operating frequency band 1785MHz-1805MHz) on subway car roofs as an example. The main interfering antenna near the LTE antenna is the WTD antenna (operating frequency band 1710MHz-2700MHz), with both antennas experiencing both co-channel interference and out-of-band interference. For the LTE antenna's operating frequency band of 1785MHz-1805MHz, the transmittance is greater than 90%. For the WTD antenna's 1805MHz-2700MHz band, and other frequency bands outside the LTE antenna's operating frequency band, the suppression depth is less than -20dB. The radome uses a single-layer ceramic dielectric structure, made of a microwave dielectric ceramic material with a dielectric constant of approximately 6 and a loss tangent of less than 0.005.

[0049] Since the highest stopband frequency the radome needs to handle is 2700MHz, corresponding to a minimum wavelength of 111mm, the size of the ceramic unit cell should be less than 111mm according to principle. To ensure the robustness of the design, a ceramic unit cell size of 40mm was selected after debugging. The ceramic unit cell structure of the radome is preset to be an array of 4×4 identical ceramic cuboid pillars, each with dimensions of 10mm×10mm. The bottom surfaces of all ceramic cuboid pillars are firmly connected to a continuous, relatively thin ceramic substrate, forming a single ceramic body. The entire radome is composed of ceramic unit cell structures arranged periodically in the X and Y directions of the radome plane.

[0050] The height H of each ceramic cuboid column is selected as the design variable. Considering specific dimensional issues, the optimization range for height H is set to 5mm-30mm. The objective function can be selected as follows:

[0051] F(X) = 1 + T LTE工作 (X) +T 非LTE工作 (X)

[0052] Where T LTE工作 (X) represents the transmittance of the LTE antenna operating frequency band, and T 非LTE工作 (X) represents the transmittance of the non-LTE operating frequency band.

[0053] Next, we will discuss the specific settings of the genetic algorithm. Each individual in the genetic algorithm consists of 4×4 genes, each representing the height value of a ceramic cuboid prism, encoded using real numbers. The population size is set to 100. The initial population is randomly set. Selection, crossover, and mutation operations are the core operators driving the population evolution of the genetic algorithm. A hybrid strategy of elite retention and roulette wheel selection is adopted, selecting the top 20% of individuals with the highest fitness in the current population and directly retaining them to the next generation. The remaining 80% of individuals are selected from the current population (including elite individuals) through roulette wheel selection. Simulated binary crossover (SBX) is used, with a crossover probability of 0.8 and a distribution exponent of 20. Gaussian mutation is used, with a mutation probability of 0.1. The upper and lower bounds of the design variable (height of the ceramic cuboid prism) are constrained to 5mm-30mm. The termination condition for iteration is set as follows: optimization stops when the maximum number of iterations reaches 200 generations, or when the fitness improvement of the best individuals for 20 consecutive generations is less than a set threshold (e.g., 0.1%).

[0054] The calculation of the fitness function is the core of the entire process. The corresponding element model can be established using the full-wave electromagnetic simulation software ANSYS HFSS. Driven by a MATLAB script, the fitness function calculation formula is substituted to obtain the fitness value of the individual. A higher fitness value indicates better performance of the individual.

[0055] For ease of installation, the ceramic radome is firmly bonded to the metal frame during manufacturing using co-sintering or high-strength weather-resistant adhesives, ensuring a tight seal and mechanical strength at the joints. A series of mounting holes are provided on the metal frame, allowing for secure connection to mounting brackets on the subway car roof or side wall using stainless steel bolts and elastic washers. Because the selected microwave dielectric ceramic possesses extremely high compressive strength (typically >2000MPa) and hardness, far exceeding that of polymers, it inherently exhibits impact and wear resistance. Furthermore, the entire radome (including the base and all ceramic pillars) is a monolithic sintered structure, without seams or weak points, ensuring high structural integrity and sufficient strength to withstand vibrations and impacts during vehicle operation.

[0056] The optimized radome model can be printed using a 3D printer, and the printed model can be sintered at high temperature to obtain a ceramic radome entity.

[0057] Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the transmittance effect of the ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in the figure, the LTE radome made based on the above specific parameters has a transmittance of more than 90% in the operating frequency band, and the transmittance in the stopband is also sufficiently suppressed.

[0058] The ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization provided in this application has the following advantages:

[0059] 1. Excellent environmental adaptability: The inherent high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, anti-aging and flame retardant properties of ceramic materials enable the radome provided in the application embodiment to fully adapt to the vibration, high and low temperature and fire protection requirements of subway vehicles and have a long service life.

[0060] 2. Excellent filtering performance: The non-traditional structure obtained through topology optimization can achieve better bandwidth suppression characteristics than the traditional regular FSS, accurately ensuring the smooth operation of the target frequency band and strongly suppressing external interference.

[0061] 3. Advanced design methodology: Topology optimization automatically finds the optimal structure, overcoming the reliance on experience in traditional design and unlocking the maximum potential of materials in electromagnetic wave manipulation.

[0062] 4. Improve antenna reliability: Directly improve the operational reliability of subway antennas, ensuring subway operation services and passenger experience.

[0063] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a design method for a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, as provided in this application embodiment, is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the design method for ceramic-based metamaterial radomes based on topology optimization provided in this embodiment includes:

[0064] Step S510: Determine the passband and stopband of the radome based on the operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the radome.

[0065] The topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radome design method provided in this embodiment is used to design the topology-optimized ceramic-based metamaterial radomes provided in the above embodiments. First, the passband and stopband of the radome are determined according to the operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the radome. When determining the passband and stopband of the radome, the transmittance of the passband and the suppression depth of the stopband can be further determined.

[0066] Step S520: Establish a topology optimization model for each ceramic unit cell in the radome. Each ceramic unit cell consists of M×N ceramic cuboid pillars. The size of each ceramic unit cell on the radome plane is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the radome stopband.

[0067] Step S530: Optimize the topology optimization model to obtain the ceramic unit cell structure of the radome. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance of the radome and minimize the stopband transmittance.

[0068] The method for optimizing the design of each ceramic unit cell in the radome has been described in the preceding embodiments. This involves establishing a topology optimization model, first defining the design domain by taking a ceramic unit cell as the design area, and selecting the unit cell size based on the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency below the transmission band. After fixing the unit cell size, the design variables are defined, and the design domain is discretized into a finite element mesh. Each element is divided into M×N ceramic cuboid pillars with the same length and width. The height of the pillars is used as a design variable to optimize the height of the ceramic cuboid pillars. The optimization objective is to maximize the target passband while minimizing the average transmittance within the target stopband.

[0069] Step S540: Multiple ceramic unit cells are periodically arranged above the antenna to form an antenna radome.

[0070] After determining the size of a ceramic unit cell, multiple ceramic unit cells are arranged periodically to obtain a radome. The size of the radome is not less than the size of its corresponding antenna.

[0071] The ceramic-based metamaterial radome design method provided in this embodiment uses topology optimization to design ceramic unit cells and arranges them periodically to obtain a ceramic-based metamaterial radome. This enables the radome to be used in harsh environments, and the optimization of the electromagnetic performance of the radome allows it to meet the electromagnetic environment transmission and suppression requirements of its corresponding antenna.

[0072] Furthermore, the optimization of individual ceramic unit cells involves iteratively optimizing the height of each ceramic cuboid prism in each ceramic unit cell using a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm.

[0073] After periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells to form a radome, electromagnetic simulation verification can be further performed on the periodically arranged ceramic unit cells. The periodically arranged ceramic unit cells that pass the electromagnetic simulation verification are used as the radome. Electromagnetic simulation verification further verifies the working performance of the array composed of multiple ceramic unit cells, ensuring that the working performance of the entire radome meets the design specifications.

[0074] Furthermore, after completing the design of the radome, multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells, verified by electromagnetic simulation, can be manufactured using ceramic 3D printing technology to form the radome.

[0075] Furthermore, the radome can be bonded to the metal frame using co-sintering or a high-strength weather-resistant adhesive, with the metal frame including the mounting portion.

[0076] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, characterized in that, include: Multiple ceramic unit cells are periodically arranged above the antenna region corresponding to the radome; Each ceramic unit cell consists of M×N ceramic cuboids, and the size of each ceramic unit cell on the radome plane is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the radome stopband. The height of each ceramic cuboid column in each ceramic unit cell is obtained by optimization based on a topology optimization model. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance and minimize the stopband transmittance of the radome.

2. The ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of each ceramic cuboid prism in each ceramic unit cell is iteratively optimized based on a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm.

3. The ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each ceramic unit cell has a passband transmittance greater than 90% and a stopband suppression depth of less than -20dB.

4. The ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ceramic-based metamaterial radome is manufactured using ceramic 3D printing technology.

5. The ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells are bonded to a metal frame by co-sintering or a high-strength, weather-resistant adhesive, the metal frame including a mounting portion.

6. A design method for a ceramic-based metamaterial radome based on topology optimization, characterized in that, include: The passband and stopband of the radome are determined based on the operating frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the radome. A topology optimization model is established for each ceramic unit cell in the radome. Each ceramic unit cell consists of M×N ceramic cuboids. The size of each ceramic unit cell on the radome plane is smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the highest stopband frequency of the radome. The topology optimization model is optimized to obtain the ceramic unit cell structure of the radome. The optimization objective of the topology optimization model is to maximize the passband transmittance and minimize the stopband transmittance of the radome. The radome is composed of multiple ceramic unit cells arranged periodically above the antenna corresponding to the radome.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization of the topology optimization model includes: The height of each ceramic cuboid column in each ceramic unit cell is iteratively optimized based on a topology optimization model combined with a genetic algorithm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radome is constructed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells above the antenna corresponding to the radome, including: Multiple ceramic unit cells are arranged periodically, and electromagnetic simulation is performed on the periodically arranged multiple ceramic unit cells for verification. The antenna radome is composed of multiple periodically arranged ceramic unit cells verified through electromagnetic simulation.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radome comprises a plurality of periodically arranged ceramic unit cells that have passed electromagnetic simulation verification, including: The radome is constructed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells that have been verified through electromagnetic simulation using ceramic 3D printing technology.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the radome is constructed by periodically arranging multiple ceramic unit cells above the antenna corresponding to the radome, the method further includes: The radome is bonded to a metal frame by co-sintering or using a high-strength, weather-resistant adhesive, the metal frame including a mounting portion.

Images