Lateral wave-absorbing honeycomb structure and design method thereof
By loading waveguide structures in radial layers through the honeycomb holes, incident electromagnetic waves are converted into guided waves, solving the processing difficulties and performance degradation problems in the lateral absorption performance optimization of honeycomb absorbing materials, and achieving efficient improvement in lateral absorption performance and stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
When optimizing the lateral absorption performance of existing honeycomb absorbing materials, the processing is difficult and the product stability is poor. Furthermore, the absorption performance deteriorates after the structural shape is milled, making it difficult to meet the requirements of fighter jet stealth design.
By radially layering and loading waveguide structures into the honeycomb cells, electromagnetic waves incident on the sidewalls of the honeycomb are converted into guided waves through coupling and propagate forward along the waveguide structure, increasing the energy of electromagnetic waves entering the absorbing honeycomb and thus improving the lateral absorption performance.
By designing a waveguide structure, the attenuation capability and absorption rate of the honeycomb structure for lateral electromagnetic waves are significantly improved, achieving better absorption performance. At the same time, the processing technology is similar to that of conventional multilayer structures, which facilitates large-scale manufacturing and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121663213A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials technology, specifically a lateral wave absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. Background Technology
[0002] Radar has a wide range of applications in modern life, especially in the military field, where it is often used to detect the position and status of aircraft. Therefore, stealth technology applied to weapon systems is crucial for preventing aircraft from being detected by radar systems and maintaining flight safety.
[0003] One effective means of achieving radar stealth technology is the application of radar absorbing materials. Radar absorbing materials include two categories: coating-type and structural-type. Structural-type absorbing materials, due to their load-bearing and radar-absorbing functions, have broad application prospects. As a representative of structural-type absorbing materials, honeycomb absorbing materials have been extensively studied. Honeycomb absorbing materials are lightweight, high-strength radar absorbing materials with an appearance similar to a honeycomb in nature. They possess relatively high strength and good heat insulation and vibration reduction effects, thus finding wide application in aerospace and other fields.
[0004] With the advancement of radar detection technology and the diversification of detection methods, the stealth performance of fighter jets faces greater challenges. Ultra-wideband honeycomb absorbing structures, as an important design feature for improving the stealth performance of fighter jets, utilize their unique honeycomb structure to allow electromagnetic waves to be reflected multiple times between the honeycomb pore walls when entering the structure. By employing lossy absorbing paste, a large amount of energy is absorbed, resulting in excellent absorption performance.
[0005] Conventional absorbing honeycomb primarily absorbs electromagnetic waves along the direction of the honeycomb aperture, and its mechanical strength is also based on this direction. However, when absorbing honeycomb is used in special areas such as the leading and trailing edges of wings and vertical tails, it needs to generate sufficient lateral absorption performance. Therefore, how to ensure the radial (T-direction) mechanical properties of the honeycomb apertures while simultaneously meeting their lateral (L-direction or W-direction) absorption performance through composition, structure, and process design is a major challenge in the field of stealth design and manufacturing of aerospace equipment.
[0006] Existing absorbing honeycomb designs mainly rely on changing the dimensions of the absorbing honeycomb structure, such as thickness and pore size, or changing the ratio and distribution of the absorbing agent, or using a combination of multi-layer structures (honeycomb, skin, metasurface) to optimize the performance of the absorbing honeycomb.
[0007] The optimization of lateral wave absorption performance is only designed using a lateral gradient approach, but this is difficult to process, has poor product stability, and the wave absorption performance deteriorates significantly after milling according to the structural shape. Summary of the Invention
[0008] To overcome at least one of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a lateral absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. By radially (T-direction) layering of the absorbing honeycomb holes and loading a waveguide structure therein, the absorption performance of lateral incident electromagnetic waves is greatly improved while maintaining the strength of the original radial (T-direction) structure of the absorbing honeycomb holes.
[0009] To achieve the objective of this invention, a laterally absorbing honeycomb structure is provided, comprising a metal base plate and a plurality of honeycomb hole units disposed on the metal base plate, each honeycomb hole constituting a wave-absorbing honeycomb unit. The sidewalls of the wave-absorbing honeycomb unit are connected to the metal base plate. Each inner wall of the honeycomb hole unit is coated with an absorbent material or the absorbent material is directly mixed with the inner wall. A plurality of waveguide structures are added radially to the honeycomb holes, and the waveguide structures are parallel to the incident direction of the electromagnetic waves.
[0010] The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is radially divided into multiple layers, with waveguide structures added between each honeycomb layer. This allows the spatial waves incident on the honeycomb sidewalls to be coupled and converted into guided waves in the waveguide structure. The guided waves propagate forward along the groove structure into the absorbing honeycomb, increasing the electromagnetic wave energy entering the absorbing honeycomb and thus improving the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral electromagnetic waves.
[0011] In some implementations, several honeycomb cells have the same specifications, and the honeycomb cells are arranged periodically. The overall size is composed of m*n honeycomb cells, where m or n is not less than 10.
[0012] In some implementations, the outermost cell is fitted with a reflector (metal, carbon fiber or its conductor), the size of which is the same as that of the cell, and the overall size of the absorbing cell should be greater than or equal to 180 mm in length and width.
[0013] In some implementations, the honeycomb is made of thin, low-loss materials, such as aramid paper or lightly doped carbon fibers, carbon nanotube-type aramid paper modified materials, or plastics.
[0014] In some implementations, the shape, size, material, and position of the loaded waveguide structure within the absorbing honeycomb layer can be flexibly designed according to actual needs to achieve better performance.
[0015] A design method for a laterally absorbing honeycomb structure includes a metal base plate and a plurality of honeycomb hole units disposed on the metal base plate, each honeycomb hole constituting a wave-absorbing honeycomb unit. Each inner wall of the honeycomb hole unit is coated with an absorbent material or the absorbent material is directly mixed with the inner wall. A plurality of waveguide structures are added radially to the honeycomb holes, and the waveguide structures are parallel to the incident direction of the electromagnetic waves.
[0016] The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is radially divided into multiple layers, and a waveguide structure is added between each layer of the absorbing honeycomb aperture unit. This structure can couple the spatial waves incident on the sidewall of the honeycomb into guided waves in the waveguide structure. The guided waves propagate forward along the groove structure into the absorbing honeycomb, increasing the electromagnetic wave energy entering the absorbing honeycomb, thereby improving the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral electromagnetic waves.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:
[0018] (1) The present invention provides a lateral absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. By adding a waveguide structure between the honeycomb layers, the ability of electromagnetic waves to enter the absorbing honeycomb from the sidewall of the absorbing honeycomb is improved, thereby enhancing the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral incident electromagnetic waves.
[0019] (2) The present invention provides a lateral absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. It adopts the method of adding waveguide structure between honeycomb layers. Compared with the traditional method of adjusting absorbent and optimizing the gradient distribution of lateral absorbent, the new design concept introduced is conducive to achieving better absorption performance.
[0020] (3) The present invention provides a lateral absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. The processing technology used for loading the waveguide structure is similar to the conventional multilayer absorbing honeycomb processing technology, which is convenient for large-scale manufacturing and has a low cost. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1. Schematic diagram of absorbing cell side incidence.
[0022] Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the absorbing cell lateral incident array.
[0023] Figure 3 shows the position of the incident wave when the absorbing cell is incident laterally.
[0024] Figure 4 Reflectivity of absorbing cell under lateral incidence.
[0025] Figure 5. Electric field distribution when the absorbing cell is incident laterally.
[0026] Figure 6 Example 1: Waveguide structure.
[0027] Figure 7 shows the waveguide structure array and incident wave direction of Embodiment 1.
[0028] Figure 8 Example 1: Electric field distribution of the waveguide structure at 10 GHz.
[0029] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the array structure in Embodiment 1.
[0030] Figure 10. Side view of Embodiment 1.
[0031] Figure 11. Reflectivity of Example 1.
[0032] Figure 12. Electric field distribution in Example 1.
[0033] Figure 13 Waveguide structure of Example 2.
[0034] Figure 14. Waveguide structure array and incident wave direction in Example 2.
[0035] Figure 15 shows the electric field distribution of the waveguide structure in Example 2 at 10 GHz.
[0036] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the array structure in Embodiment 2.
[0037] Figure 17. Side view of Embodiment 2.
[0038] Figure 18 shows the reflectivity of Example 2.
[0039] Figure 19 Electric field distribution in Example 2.
[0040] In the figure, 1-metal base plate; 2-honeycomb cell unit; 3-wave absorbing honeycomb cell unit; 4-reflector; 5-waveguide structure. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] A laterally absorbing honeycomb structure includes a metal base plate and a plurality of honeycomb hole units disposed on the metal base plate. Each honeycomb hole constitutes a wave-absorbing honeycomb unit. The sidewalls of the wave-absorbing honeycomb unit are connected to the metal base plate. Each inner wall of the honeycomb hole unit is coated with an absorbent material or the absorbent material is directly mixed with the inner wall. A plurality of waveguide structures are added radially to the honeycomb holes, and the waveguide structures are parallel to the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave.
[0043] The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is radially divided into multiple layers, with waveguide structures added between each honeycomb layer. This allows the spatial waves incident on the honeycomb sidewalls to be coupled and converted into guided waves in the waveguide structure. The guided waves propagate forward along the groove structure into the absorbing honeycomb, increasing the electromagnetic wave energy entering the absorbing honeycomb and thus improving the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral electromagnetic waves.
[0044] This invention provides a lateral absorbing honeycomb structure and its design method. It employs a method of adding waveguide structures between the honeycomb layers. Compared to traditional methods of adjusting the absorber and optimizing the lateral absorber gradient distribution, this new design approach facilitates superior absorption performance. The fabrication technology used to load the waveguide structure is similar to conventional multilayer absorbing honeycomb fabrication technology, making it easy to mass-produce and cost-effective.
[0045] like Figure 1-5 Taking an absorbing cell as an example, its unit size is 5.78 mm (the circumcircle of a hexagon), and its overall thickness (along the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation) is composed of several cells, with a total thickness of 33.6 mm. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of absorbing cell with lateral incidence; Figure 2 shows an isometric schematic diagram of an absorbing cell array with lateral incidence; Figure 3 shows the position of the incident wave when absorbing cell is laterally incident. Figure 4 Reflectivity of the absorbing cell under lateral incidence; Figure 5. Electric field distribution of the absorbing cell under lateral incidence.
[0046] At this point, the lateral reflectivity of the absorbing cell is approximately -2dB. The main reason is that electromagnetic waves cannot effectively enter the absorbing cell, thus failing to effectively attenuate them. Figure 4-5 As can be seen, at the 10GHz frequency point, electromagnetic waves are basically unable to penetrate the absorbing coating on the absorbing honeycomb wall, and the induced electric field strength is 88.5dB (V / m).
[0047] Figure 5 In this process, by introducing a waveguide structure in the T-direction of the absorbing cell, the waveguide structure can efficiently convert spatial electromagnetic waves into surface guided waves at 10 GHz, thereby guiding more electromagnetic wave energy into the absorbing cell and achieving the effect of improving the attenuation rate.
[0048] In some embodiments, the shape, size, material, and position of the loaded waveguide structure in the absorbing honeycomb layer can be flexibly designed according to actual needs to achieve better performance.
[0049] Example 1, Figure 6 It is a waveguide structure of a certain shape; Figure 7 shows the waveguide structure array and the incident wave direction; Figure 8 Electric field distribution of waveguide structure at 10 GHz; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of array structure of Embodiment 1; Figure 10 Side view of Embodiment 1 (left side is the electromagnetic wave incident direction, right side is the metal reflector); Figure 11 Reflectivity of Embodiment 1; Figure 12 Electric field distribution of Embodiment 1.
[0050] Figures 11-12 As can be seen, the waveguide structure can generate a through-type induced current of 107.9 dB (V / m) at 10 GHz, which is much greater than the induced electric field intensity of 88.5 dB (V / m) of the absorbing cell.
[0051] Figure 12 As can be seen, the introduction of the waveguide structure significantly reduces the lateral reflectivity of the absorbing cell from -2dB to approximately -12dB, and dramatically increases the absorption rate from 37% to 94%. Correspondingly, the electric field strength entering the absorbing cell from the side also increases from 88.5dB (V / m) to 96.5dB (V / m), and the depth to which the induced electric field penetrates the sidewall is greatly improved.
[0052] Example 2, Figure 13 This is a waveguide structure of another shape. Figure 14 shows the waveguide structure array and the direction of the incident wave; Figure 15 Electric field distribution of the waveguide structure at 10 GHz.
[0053] Figure 15 As can be seen, the waveguide structure can generate a through-type induced current of 104.6 dB (V / m) at 10 GHz, which is much greater than the induced electric field intensity of 88.5 dB (V / m) of the absorbing cell.
[0054] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the array structure in Embodiment 2; Figure 17 shows a side view of Embodiment 2 (the left side is the electromagnetic wave incident direction, and the right side is the metal reflector); Figure 18 shows the reflectivity of Embodiment 2; Figure 19 shows the electric field distribution of Embodiment 2.
[0055] from Figure 17-19 As can be seen, the introduction of the waveguide structure reduces the lateral reflectivity of the absorbing cell from -2dB to approximately -6dB, and significantly increases the absorption rate from 37% to 75%. The depth to which the induced electric field entering the absorbing cell from the side penetrates the sidewall is also greatly improved.
[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A laterally absorbing honeycomb structure, characterized in that: It includes a metal base plate and several honeycomb hole units disposed on the metal base plate. Each honeycomb hole constitutes a wave-absorbing honeycomb unit. Each inner wall of the honeycomb hole unit is coated with an absorbent material or the absorbent material is directly mixed with the inner wall. Several waveguide structures are added radially to the honeycomb holes, and the waveguide structures are parallel to the electromagnetic wave incident direction. The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is radially divided into multiple layers, and a waveguide structure is added between each layer of absorbing honeycomb aperture unit. The spatial wave incident on the sidewall of the honeycomb can be coupled and converted into a guided wave in the waveguide structure. The guided wave propagates forward along the groove structure into the absorbing honeycomb, increasing the electromagnetic wave energy entering the absorbing honeycomb, thereby improving the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral electromagnetic waves.
2. The lateral absorbing honeycomb structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several honeycomb cells have the same specifications and are arranged periodically. The overall size is composed of m*n honeycomb cells, where m or n is not less than 10.
3. The lateral absorbing honeycomb structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outermost honeycomb is connected to a reflector, the size of which is the same as that of the honeycomb, and the overall length and width of the absorbing honeycomb should be greater than or equal to 180mm.
4. The lateral absorbing honeycomb structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is made of a thin, low-loss material.
5. A design method for a laterally absorbing honeycomb structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes a metal base plate and several honeycomb hole units disposed on the metal base plate. Each honeycomb hole constitutes a wave-absorbing honeycomb unit. Each inner wall of the honeycomb hole unit is coated with an absorbent material or the absorbent material is directly mixed with the inner wall. Several waveguide structures are added radially to the honeycomb holes, and the waveguide structures are parallel to the electromagnetic wave incident direction. The absorbing honeycomb aperture unit is radially divided into multiple layers, and a waveguide structure is added between each layer of the absorbing honeycomb aperture unit. This structure can couple the spatial waves incident on the sidewall of the honeycomb into guided waves in the waveguide structure. The guided waves propagate forward along the groove structure into the absorbing honeycomb, increasing the electromagnetic wave energy entering the absorbing honeycomb, thereby improving the attenuation capability of the absorbing honeycomb for lateral electromagnetic waves.