Mobile emergency quick access box for storage battery pack of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of substation emergency power supply, in particular to a substation mobile storage battery emergency quick access box, which comprises a box body, a quick interface module, a protection control module and a switch module, and is characterized in that the quick interface module, the protection control module and the switch module are integrally mounted in the box body; the quick interface module is used for realizing quick butt joint between the emergency storage battery pack and the transformer substation direct current system, comprises a direct current side quick plug matched with a reserved interface of the transformer substation direct current system and a storage battery side quick interface used for being connected into the emergency storage battery pack, and is provided with a mechanical key positioning device; and the protection control module is electrically connected with the switch module, is used for monitoring circuit parameters and controlling the action of the switch module, and integrates an overcurrent protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit and a countercurrent protection unit. Emergency power supply rapid access is achieved, operation safety and reliability are improved, adaptability is high, and stable operation of a transformer substation direct current system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency power supply technology for substations, and is a mobile battery bank emergency quick access box for substations. Background Technology

[0002] The DC system of a substation is the core of ensuring the reliable operation of critical loads such as relay protection, automatic devices, signaling systems, and switch operations, and is known as the "heart" of the power grid. Battery banks are the "last line of defense" for maintaining the continuous operation of the DC system after AC power failure, and their reliability directly affects the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In existing technologies, substation emergency power supply mainly relies on fixed battery banks as backup power. When the AC power supply is normal, charging devices supply power to the loads within the substation and simultaneously perform float charging maintenance on the fixed battery banks. When the AC power supply fails and is interrupted, the fixed battery banks directly switch to supply power to the DC loads. Furthermore, although some substations are equipped with fixed emergency power access points, their initial design was mostly for connecting large equipment such as emergency generator trucks, and they were not optimized for the rapid emergency power supply needs of the DC system.

[0003] However, the design of existing stationary battery banks has many unavoidable drawbacks. First, the risk of single-point failure is extremely high. Most substations typically only have one stationary battery bank. If this bank ages due to long-term use, experiences internal short circuits or open circuits in individual cells, or suffers from loose connections or corrosion due to improper maintenance, the battery bank's performance will directly decline or even fail completely. In this case, the entire DC system will completely lose backup power, easily leading to serious consequences such as protection failure and switch malfunction, which can further escalate grid accidents. Second, the risk of power outages during maintenance is significant. When performing regular maintenance, capacity testing, or complete replacement of the stationary battery bank, it must be taken out of service. If the station's AC power supply fails unexpectedly during this period, the DC system will be completely paralyzed, posing a significant threat to grid safety. Third, stationary battery banks have extremely poor flexibility. Their capacity and voltage level are fixed at installation and cannot be adjusted according to dynamic changes in the substation load. They also cannot simultaneously meet the emergency power supply needs of equipment with different voltage levels within the substation, resulting in severely insufficient adaptability.

[0004] Besides the inherent defects of stationary battery packs, existing emergency power access methods also have significant shortcomings. Low access efficiency and complex operation are primary problems. Existing access methods often require maintenance personnel to perform cumbersome wiring operations using specialized tools, such as locking connections with copper lugs. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, typically taking more than 30 minutes to complete, severely delaying fault handling, but also poses extremely high safety hazards during the operation, failing to achieve truly "fast" access. In terms of reliability, some existing emergency power access boxes are only designed with one backup power interface. If this interface fails or the backup power capacity is insufficient, effective redundancy cannot be provided, directly affecting the reliability of emergency power supply. At the same time, the lack of anti-misoperation mechanisms also brings great risks. Some access boxes are not structurally designed to effectively prevent live plugging or unplugging or misoperation. For example, the circuit breaker compartment may be accidentally opened while energized, easily causing personal injury. Furthermore, outdoor-installed access boxes lack sufficient waterproof and dustproof capabilities. Even if the fast-connectors have some waterproofing, the lack of effective shielding during plugging and unplugging operations in rainy weather still poses a risk of water ingress, threatening electrical safety. During power path switching, the lack of simple and reliable mechanical interlocking mechanisms fails to ensure that two power sources do not operate in parallel, potentially leading to short circuits. Additionally, the lack of necessary physical isolation design within the enclosure increases the probability of internal faults. These issues collectively render existing substation emergency power supply technology inadequate for meeting the demands of rapid response and efficient operation and maintenance under safe conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a mobile emergency rapid access box for substation battery banks, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of single-point failure and maintenance power supply interruption risk, low emergency power access efficiency, and poor safety of fixed battery banks in existing substation emergency power supply.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a mobile battery pack emergency quick access box for substations, comprising a box body, a quick interface module, a protection control module and a switch module, wherein the quick interface module, the protection control module and the switch module are all integrated and installed in the box body; The quick interface module is used to enable quick connection between the emergency battery pack and the substation DC system, including a DC side quick plug that matches the reserved interface of the substation DC system and a battery side quick interface for connecting the emergency battery pack. The protection control module is electrically connected to the switch module and is used to monitor circuit parameters and control the operation of the switch module. The switch module includes a DC circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, and a reverse current protection diode. The DC circuit breaker is used for overload and short circuit protection of the main circuit, the disconnecting switch is used for electrical isolation during maintenance and repair, and the reverse current protection diode is used to prevent current from flowing in the opposite direction.

[0007] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: The aforementioned protection and control module can integrate an overcurrent protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit, and a reverse current protection unit; the overcurrent protection unit is used to monitor circuit overcurrent abnormalities, the short-circuit protection unit is used to monitor circuit short-circuit abnormalities, and the reverse current protection unit is used to monitor circuit reverse current abnormalities.

[0008] The aforementioned quick interface module may be equipped with a mechanical key positioning device; the mechanical key positioning device restricts the insertion of non-corresponding interfaces by matching key positions, including a raised key on the plug side and a groove on the interface side, with the shape and position of the raised key and the groove corresponding one-to-one.

[0009] In the aforementioned switch module, the disconnecting switch can be connected in series at the input terminal of the main circuit, the DC circuit breaker is connected in series between the disconnecting switch and the quick interface module, and the reverse current protection diode is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker and the corresponding interface of the quick interface module.

[0010] The aforementioned overcurrent protection unit, short circuit protection unit, and reverse current protection unit can all be electrically connected to the protection control module, respectively transmitting the detected overcurrent, short circuit, and reverse current abnormal signals to the protection control module, which then triggers the switching module to perform a disconnection action.

[0011] The aforementioned protection and control module may include a signal acquisition and logic judgment unit, used to determine whether the current exceeds a set threshold, whether a short circuit has occurred in the circuit, or whether the current direction is reversed. When the circuit is abnormal, a control signal is sent to the switching module.

[0012] The above may also include a monitoring and display module, which is electrically connected to the protection and control module.

[0013] The aforementioned monitoring and display module may include a voltage and current display component, a status indication component, and an alarm component; the voltage and current display component is used to display the circuit voltage and current parameters in real time, the status indication component is used to indicate the equipment operation, fault, and protection action status, and the alarm component is used to issue audible and visual alarm prompts when the circuit is abnormal.

[0014] The aforementioned switch module may also include a load contactor, which is electrically connected to the protection control module and is used to receive instructions from the protection control module to perform remote control opening and closing actions, and to disconnect the circuit when a non-transient fault is detected.

[0015] The aforementioned switching module may also include a solid-state circuit breaker unit, which is used to disconnect the circuit within 10ms after receiving a control signal.

[0016] This invention integrates the enclosure, quick-connect module, protection and control module, and switch module through an integrated design, enabling rapid and safe connection of emergency battery banks to the DC system of substations. The mechanical key positioning device of the quick-connect module effectively avoids the risk of misinsertion, ensuring accurate connection. The protection and control module integrates multiple protection units, along with signal acquisition and logic judgment units, enabling precise monitoring of various circuit anomalies and timely issuance of control signals. The switch module's multiple components work collaboratively to achieve multiple functions such as overload, short-circuit protection, electrical isolation, and backflow prevention. The addition of a solid-state circuit breaker unit further enhances the speed of fault disconnection, while the load contactor enhances operational flexibility and reliability. The monitoring and display module provides a clear view of operating status and parameters, facilitating real-time monitoring of equipment conditions by maintenance personnel. This invention effectively solves the problems of long emergency access times, poor security, and insufficient reliability in existing technologies, significantly improving emergency response efficiency, reducing operational difficulty and safety risks for maintenance personnel, and adapting to the DC system requirements of different substations, providing strong support for the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protection logic of the protection control module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the collaborative working logic of the switching module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the carrying handle, 2 is the heat dissipation vent, 3 is the DC side quick connector, 4 is the quick connector connection cable, 5 is the caster wheel, 6 is the power supply module for the enclosure, 7 is the switch module, 8 is the battery side quick interface, 9 is the monitoring and display module, and 10 is the protection and control module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments: Example 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a substation mobile battery pack emergency quick access box, including a box body, a quick interface module, a protection control module, and a switch module. The quick interface module, protection control module, and switch module are all integrated within the box body. The quick interface module enables rapid connection between the emergency battery pack and the substation's DC system, including a DC-side quick plug matching the reserved interface of the substation's DC system and a battery-side quick interface for connecting the emergency battery pack. The protection control module is electrically connected to the switch module and is used to monitor circuit parameters and control the switch module's operation. The switch module includes a DC circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, and a reverse current protection diode. The DC circuit breaker provides overload and short-circuit protection for the main circuit, the disconnecting switch provides electrical isolation during maintenance and repair, and the reverse current protection diode prevents reverse current flow. This design integrates core functional modules into one unit, achieving a compact layout for the equipment. The configuration of DC circuit breakers, disconnect switches, and reverse current protection diodes specifically addresses overload and short-circuit protection, maintenance safety isolation, and reverse current prevention, providing basic safety assurance for emergency power supply. The quick interface module establishes a direct channel for the connection between the emergency battery pack and the DC system, greatly simplifying the connection process.

[0024] In this embodiment, the protection control module integrates an overcurrent protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit, and a reverse current protection unit. The overcurrent protection unit monitors for overcurrent anomalies in the circuit, the short-circuit protection unit monitors for short-circuit anomalies, and the reverse current protection unit monitors for reverse current anomalies. This allows the protection control module to possess multi-dimensional anomaly monitoring capabilities. The three protection units accurately monitor three common circuit anomalies: overcurrent, short circuit, and reverse current, ensuring comprehensive coverage of circuit faults and providing accurate signal sources for subsequent protection actions, further enhancing the safety of equipment operation.

[0025] In this embodiment, the quick interface module is equipped with a mechanical key positioning device. This device restricts the insertion of non-corresponding interfaces by matching key positions. It includes a raised key on the plug side and a groove on the interface side, with the shape and position of the raised key and the groove corresponding one-to-one. This matching relationship between the shape and position of the raised key and the groove forms a physical anti-misinsertion mechanism, preventing short circuits and equipment damage caused by misinsertion, reducing the operational difficulty for maintenance personnel, ensuring the accuracy and security of the docking process, and improving the efficiency of emergency access.

[0026] In this embodiment, in the switching module, the disconnecting switch is connected in series at the main circuit input terminal, the DC circuit breaker is connected in series between the disconnecting switch and the quick interface module, and the reverse current protection diode is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker and the corresponding interface of the quick interface module. This connection method constructs a clearly hierarchical and functionally complementary switching circuit. The disconnecting switch provides basic isolation protection at the input terminal, the DC circuit breaker provides overload and short-circuit protection, and the reverse current protection diode provides reverse current protection at the output terminal. These three components work together to form a complete safety protection path, effectively mitigating different types of circuit risks.

[0027] In this embodiment, the overcurrent protection unit, short-circuit protection unit, and reverse current protection unit are all electrically connected to the protection control module. They transmit the detected overcurrent, short-circuit, and reverse current anomaly signals to the protection control module, which then triggers the switching module to perform a disconnection action. This establishes a complete protection chain of "monitoring-transmission-triggering-execution." Each protection unit promptly feeds back the signal to the protection control module upon detecting an anomaly, and the protection control module issues unified commands to ensure that the switching module can respond quickly and perform a disconnection action, preventing the fault from escalating and ensuring the safety of equipment and the power grid.

[0028] In this invention, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the carrying handle 1 is located on the top of the enclosure for easy handling by a single person; the heat dissipation vents 2 are distributed on the sides of the enclosure, providing a heat dissipation channel for the internal modules; the DC side quick plug 3 is connected to the internal circuitry of the enclosure via the quick plug connection cable 4, for connecting to the reserved interface of the substation DC system; the casters 5 are installed at the bottom of the enclosure, working with the carrying handle 1 to move the equipment on different surfaces; the enclosure power supply module 6 is located in the lower part of the enclosure, providing basic power support for the various functional modules inside; the switch module 7 is located in the middle of the enclosure, electrically connected to the protection control module 10, receiving its control signals to execute circuit opening and closing actions; the battery side quick interface 8 is located on the side of the enclosure, for connecting to an external emergency battery pack; the monitoring and display module 9 is located in the upper part of the enclosure, electrically connected to the protection control module 10, displaying circuit parameters in real time; the protection control module 10 is arranged adjacent to the monitoring and display module 9, integrated in the upper part of the enclosure, responsible for monitoring circuit parameters and transmitting control commands to the switch module 7, with all modules integrated into the enclosure.

[0029] During operation, when a fault occurs in the substation's DC system and emergency power is required, maintenance personnel move the access box to the fault location. First, they connect the emergency battery bank to the battery-side quick-connect interface, then connect it to the substation's DC system's reserved interface via a DC-side quick-connect plug. A mechanical key positioning device ensures accurate connection. The disconnecting switch and DC circuit breaker are then closed. The protection control module begins monitoring circuit parameters. The overcurrent protection unit, short-circuit protection unit, and reverse current protection unit monitor the circuit status in real time. If an abnormality occurs, a signal is transmitted to the protection control module, which triggers the switching module to disconnect the circuit. The DC circuit breaker provides overload and short-circuit protection for the main circuit, while the reverse current protection diode prevents reverse current flow, ensuring a safe and stable power supply process. Overall, this achieves rapid access and reliable operation of emergency power.

[0030] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this example adds a signal acquisition and logic judgment unit to the protection control module. This unit determines whether the current exceeds a set threshold, whether a short circuit has occurred, or whether the current direction is reversed. When a circuit malfunction occurs, a control signal is sent to the switching module. This enhances the intelligence of the protection control module. The signal acquisition and logic judgment unit can accurately analyze and judge circuit parameters, clearly distinguishing different types of abnormal situations. This ensures that a control signal is only issued when a genuine fault occurs, avoiding false triggering. Simultaneously, it provides precise instructions for the switching module's operation, further guaranteeing the reliability and stability of emergency power supply.

[0031] In this embodiment, the switching module also includes a solid-state circuit breaker unit, which is used to disconnect the circuit within 10ms after receiving a control signal. This significantly improves the response speed of fault disconnection. The solid-state circuit breaker unit can quickly respond to the control signals of the protection control module, disconnect the faulty circuit in a very short time, effectively curb the spread of faults, reduce the damage caused by faults to equipment and the power grid, and further enhance the safety protection performance of the equipment.

[0032] During operation, the signal acquisition and logic judgment unit continuously analyzes the current and voltage parameters in the circuit to determine whether the current exceeds the set threshold, whether a short circuit has occurred in the circuit, or whether the current direction is reversed. When an abnormality is detected, a control signal is immediately sent to the switching module. After receiving the control signal, the solid-state circuit breaker unit quickly disconnects the circuit within 10ms to prevent the fault from escalating. At the same time, it works with components such as DC circuit breakers and disconnect switches to form multiple safety protections to ensure circuit safety during emergency power supply.

[0033] Example 3: This example, based on Example 1, further includes a monitoring and display module, which is electrically connected to the protection and control module. This allows maintenance personnel to monitor the equipment's operating status in real time. After establishing a signal connection between the monitoring and display module and the protection and control module, they can synchronously acquire circuit parameters and equipment operating information, providing maintenance personnel with an intuitive observation window to facilitate timely detection of potential problems and improve the convenience of operation and maintenance.

[0034] In this embodiment, the monitoring and display module includes a voltage and current display component, a status indicator component, and an alarm component. The voltage and current display component displays the circuit voltage and current parameters in real time; the status indicator component indicates the equipment's operating, fault, and protection action status; and the alarm component issues an audible and visual alarm when the circuit is abnormal. This allows for comprehensive monitoring and feedback of the equipment's operating status. The voltage and current display component enables maintenance personnel to accurately grasp circuit parameters, the status indicator component facilitates quick judgment of equipment operating conditions through clear status indicators, and the alarm component proactively issues audible and visual alerts when abnormalities occur, promptly reminding maintenance personnel to handle the situation. These three components work together to improve the operability and safety of the equipment.

[0035] During operation, the monitoring and display module acquires circuit operation data and equipment status information in real time through electrical connection with the protection and control module; the voltage and current display component continuously displays the voltage and current parameters of the circuit, and the status indicator component displays the operating status, fault status, protection action status, etc. of the equipment. When an abnormality occurs in the circuit, the alarm component immediately issues an audible and visual alarm. Maintenance personnel can quickly make judgments and handle the situation based on the information fed back by the monitoring and display module to ensure the smooth operation of emergency power supply.

[0036] Example 4: Based on Example 1, this example further includes a load contactor in the switch module. The load contactor is electrically connected to the protection control module and is used to receive instructions from the protection control module to perform remote opening and closing actions. It also disconnects the circuit when a non-transient fault is detected. This enhances the operational flexibility and fault handling capability of the switch module. The load contactor can respond to the remote control instructions of the protection control module, enabling remote opening and closing operations, reducing the on-site operational intensity for maintenance personnel. Simultaneously, it effectively handles non-transient faults, disconnecting the faulty circuit, further improving the equipment's fault protection system and ensuring the stability of emergency power supply.

[0037] In this invention, the enclosure structure is made of flame-retardant ABS engineering plastic, with external dimensions of 400mm×300mm×200mm (length×width×height). The empty enclosure weighs approximately 5kg, and the total weight is controlled within 20kg, making it easy for a single person to quickly transport it to the fault point within the substation. The enclosure is divided into three compartments: a quick interface compartment, a protection control compartment, and a cable storage compartment, achieving physical isolation of functional modules and improving the safety of the internal structure. The top of the enclosure is equipped with a folding handle, and the bottom is equipped with two omnidirectional wheels and two directional wheels to adapt to the movement needs under different ground conditions, further enhancing the portability and structural rationality of the equipment. In this invention, the quick interface module adopts a standardized design. The DC-side quick plug follows aviation plug standards, featuring a 4-pin structure (corresponding to positive, negative, communication, and ground pins respectively), a rated voltage of 250VDC, a rated current of 100A, and an IP67 protection rating, enabling it to adapt to the complex operating environment of substations. The anti-misinsertion design can also employ a mechanical coded key method, with different key arrangements for plugs of different voltage levels (such as 110V and 220V), effectively preventing misinsertion. Simultaneously, this standardized interface solves the connection problem in emergency power supply. Combined with simple operating steps in typical usage scenarios (only needing to transport to the fault point, connect the battery, connect to the DC bus, check the indicator, and close the switch), no professional wiring tools are required. Ordinary maintenance personnel can operate it after simple training, reducing emergency power supply time from over 30 minutes to less than 5 minutes, achieving rapid deployment. In this invention, the protection and control module is based on a microprocessor and has intelligent protection and parameter adjustment capabilities. It can monitor voltage and current parameters in real time, and the protection parameters can be set via the front panel buttons according to the site requirements. When overcurrent (exceeding the set value by 10%), short circuit, or reverse current is detected, the microprocessor can quickly send a signal to control the solid-state circuit breaker to cut off the circuit within 10ms, which is faster and more accurate than traditional fuse or thermal relay protection. At the same time, the module also integrates insulation monitoring and self-diagnosis functions. When the system is abnormal (such as insulation fault or voltage abnormality), it can activate an alarm and automatically command the load contactor to trip according to the settings, which greatly improves the reliability and safety of emergency power supply.

[0038] In this invention, the DC circuit breaker achieves full-scenario circuit protection and operation control through the collaborative operation of multiple components. During normal connection, after maintenance personnel manually close the isolating switch and the DC circuit breaker, the microprocessor controls the load contactor to engage, the emergency power supply supplies power to the DC bus, and the reverse current protection diode automatically prevents the current from reversing. During fault handling, in case of overload / short circuit, the DC circuit breaker physically disconnects the circuit through an internal magnetic trip or thermomagnetic trip mechanism. In case of reverse current fault, the microprocessor detects the abnormality through a current sensor and instructs the load contactor to trip. During maintenance and shutdown, maintenance personnel can control the load contactor to trip through the human-machine interface or remote commands, and then manually disconnect the isolating switch to form a visible break point, ensuring maintenance safety. At the same time, this module is integrated with the protection control module and the quick interface module, avoiding the problem of functional dispersion in the prior art and improving the overall operating efficiency. In this invention, the equipment possesses broad applicability and comprehensive safety guarantees. The fast interface module supports the connection of emergency battery packs with various capacities and voltage levels, adapting to the emergency power supply needs of substations of different sizes. Simultaneously, it incorporates multiple protection mechanisms, including mechanical coding keys to prevent mis-insertion, solid-state circuit breakers for rapid current interruption, reverse current protection diodes to prevent reverse current, and DC circuit breaker overload and short-circuit protection, effectively preventing misoperation and equipment damage, and ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel and equipment. This integrated, intelligent, and standardized design not only solves the defects of existing fixed battery packs in single-point failure and maintenance power outages, but also compensates for the low efficiency and poor reliability of traditional emergency access methods, providing stable support for emergency power supply to substation DC systems.

[0039] During operation, the load contactor maintains a signal connection with the protection control module and receives remote control opening and closing commands from the protection control module to achieve remote operation. When the protection control module detects a non-transient fault, it sends a command to the load contactor, which promptly cuts off the circuit to prevent the fault from having a continuous impact on the equipment and power supply system. At the same time, it works with other protection components to form comprehensive fault protection and ensure the safety and reliability of emergency power supply.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this invention, "quick interface module" refers to a set of interface components with quick docking function, enabling rapid connection between emergency battery packs and substation DC systems; "protection and control module" refers to a core control component used to monitor circuit parameters, determine fault status, and issue control commands to other modules; "switch module" refers to a set of components composed of various switching elements, used to realize functions such as circuit switching, overload and short circuit protection, and backflow prevention; "monitoring and display module" refers to a component used to collect and display equipment operating parameters and status information, and can issue alarm prompts in case of abnormalities; "mechanical key positioning device" refers to a mechanical structure that achieves anti-misinsertion function by matching the shape and position of the raised key and the groove; and "solid-state circuit breaker unit" refers to a circuit breaker component that uses solid-state electronic components to achieve the function of quickly cutting off the circuit.

[0041] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A mobile emergency quick access box for substation battery banks, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a quick interface module, a protection control module, and a switch module, all of which are integrated and installed within the housing. The quick interface module is used to enable quick connection between the emergency battery pack and the substation DC system, including a DC side quick plug that matches the reserved interface of the substation DC system and a battery side quick interface for connecting the emergency battery pack. The protection control module is electrically connected to the switch module and is used to monitor circuit parameters and control the operation of the switch module. The switch module includes a DC circuit breaker, a disconnecting switch, and a reverse current protection diode. The DC circuit breaker is used for overload and short circuit protection of the main circuit, the disconnecting switch is used for electrical isolation during maintenance and repair, and the reverse current protection diode is used to prevent current from flowing in the opposite direction.

2. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection and control module integrates an overcurrent protection unit, a short-circuit protection unit, and a reverse current protection unit; the overcurrent protection unit is used to monitor circuit overcurrent abnormalities, the short-circuit protection unit is used to monitor circuit short-circuit abnormalities, and the reverse current protection unit is used to monitor circuit reverse current abnormalities.

3. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The quick interface module is equipped with a mechanical key positioning device; the mechanical key positioning device restricts the insertion of non-corresponding interfaces by matching key positions, including a raised key on the plug side and a groove on the interface side, with the shape and position of the raised key and the groove corresponding one-to-one.

4. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the switch module, the disconnecting switch is connected in series at the input terminal of the main circuit, the DC circuit breaker is connected in series between the disconnecting switch and the quick interface module, and the reverse current protection diode is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the DC circuit breaker and the corresponding interface of the quick interface module.

5. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overcurrent protection unit, short circuit protection unit, and reverse current protection unit are all electrically connected to the protection control module. They transmit the detected overcurrent, short circuit, and reverse current abnormal signals to the protection control module, which then triggers the switching module to perform a disconnection action.

6. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that, The protection control module includes a signal acquisition and logic judgment unit, which is used to determine whether the current exceeds the set threshold, whether the circuit is short-circuited, or whether the current direction is reversed. When the circuit is abnormal, a control signal is sent to the switching module.

7. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring and display module, which is electrically connected to the protection and control module.

8. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring and display module includes a voltage and current display component, a status indicator component, and an alarm component. The voltage and current display component is used to display the circuit voltage and current parameters in real time. The status indicator component is used to indicate the equipment's operating, fault, and protection action status. The alarm component is used to issue audible and visual alarm prompts when the circuit is abnormal.

9. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1, 2, 5, or 8, characterized in that, The switch module also includes a load contactor, which is electrically connected to the protection control module. The load contactor is used to receive instructions from the protection control module to perform remote opening and closing actions, and to disconnect the circuit when a non-transient fault is detected.

10. The emergency rapid access box for mobile battery packs in substations according to claim 1, 2, 5, or 8, characterized in that, The switching module also includes a solid-state circuit breaker unit, which is used to disconnect the circuit within 10ms after receiving a control signal.

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