Hybrid mode switching converter, integrated circuit and charging electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a mixed-mode switching converter, an integrated circuit and a charging electronic device, a common switch unit, a first mode switch unit and a second mode switch unit are arranged in the mixed-mode switching converter, the common switch unit is a switch unit shared by two modes, and the first mode switch unit is a switch unit shared by two modes. When the first mode switch unit is switched on, the mixed mode switch converter works in a first working mode, and when the second mode switch unit is switched on, the mixed mode switch converter works in a second working mode. Therefore, high charging efficiency is achieved with low cost under the condition that the diversity requirements of forward and reverse fast charging are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power electronics technology, and more particularly to a hybrid mode switching converter, integrated circuit, and charging electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of electronic devices toward high power density, wide voltage adaptation range, high efficiency and miniaturization, traditional switching converters have gradually exposed their technical shortcomings in meeting the performance requirements of multiple scenarios: traditional buck converters have extremely small duty cycles under high buck ratio conditions, which can easily lead to voltage stress concentration in devices and a significant decrease in conversion efficiency; traditional boost converters not only have excessive inductor current ripple and prominent DC resistance loss in high boost ratio scenarios, but also have insufficient wide voltage gain adaptation capability; and although single-topology switched capacitor converters have the advantages of high conversion efficiency and compact size, their output voltage regulation flexibility is poor.

[0003] Against this backdrop, hybrid-mode switching converters, which integrate the advantages of multiple topologies or operating modes, have emerged. However, for existing hybrid-mode switching converters, using conventional electrical components results in high power losses and significant heat generation; while using specialized electrical components can reduce power losses and heat generation, it greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the hybrid-mode switching converter. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a hybrid mode switching converter, integrated circuit, and charging electronic device that achieves high charging efficiency at a lower cost while meeting the diverse needs of forward and reverse fast charging.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hybrid mode switching converter, the hybrid mode switching converter including at least one power module, the power module including: First port; A shared switching unit includes at least one switching transistor, one of which is connected to the first port; The first mode switching unit is connected to the battery; The second mode switch unit is connected across the first mode switch unit; When the power module is operating in the first operating mode, the second mode switching unit is turned off, and the first mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence so that the power module operates in the first operating mode. When the power module is operating in the second operating mode, the first mode switching unit is turned off, and the second mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence so that the power module operates in the second operating mode. When the first port receives power supply voltage as an input, the hybrid-mode switching converter receives the voltage from the first port and, through a first or / and second operating mode, performs a step-down conversion on the power supply voltage to charge the battery; and / or When the first port is used as an output terminal, the hybrid mode switching converter boosts the battery voltage through the first or / and second operating modes and outputs it from the first port.

[0006] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated circuit, including a first switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a second switch connected in series, and a fifth switch and a sixth switch connected in series between the common terminal of the first switch and the third switch and the common terminal of the fourth switch and the second switch. The first pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the fifth and sixth switching transistors, and the other end coupled to one end of the inductor; The second pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the third and fourth switching transistors, and the other end coupled to the positive terminal of the battery. The third pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the first switch and the third switch, and the other end coupled to one end of the flying capacitor. The fourth pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the fourth switch and the second switch, and the other end coupled to the other end of the flying capacitor. The fifth pin has one end coupled to the first power terminal of the first switching transistor; The sixth pin has one end coupled to the second power terminal of the second switch transistor, and the other end coupled to ground potential.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a charging electronic device, the charging electronic device including the hybrid mode switching converter as described in the first aspect.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention provides a shared switching unit, a first-mode switching unit, and a second-mode switching unit. The shared switching unit is used for both modes. When the first-mode switching unit is turned on, the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in a first operating mode; when the second switching unit is turned on, the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in a second operating mode. Therefore, while meeting the diverse needs of forward and reverse fast charging, high charging efficiency is achieved at a lower cost. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1This is a circuit diagram of a fast charging system that cascades a switched capacitor charger and a buck charger, which is a current technology. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor converter circuit; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a three-level buck-boost circuit; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a hybrid mode switching converter in the prior art; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a charging electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the forward charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The present application is described below based on embodiments, but it is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present application below, certain specific details are described in detail. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present application without these details. To avoid obscuring the substance of the present application, well-known methods, processes, flows, elements, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0011] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the accompanying drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0012] Furthermore, it should be understood that in the following description, "circuit" refers to a conductive loop consisting of at least one element or sub-circuit connected by electrical or electromagnetic connections. When an element or circuit is said to be "connected" to another element or "connected" between two nodes, it can be directly coupled or connected to another element, or there may be intermediate elements. The connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly coupled to" or "directly connected" to another element, it means that there are no intermediate elements between them.

[0013] Unless the context explicitly requires it, words such as "including" or "contains" throughout the application should be interpreted as including rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, meaning "including but not limited to".

[0014] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a fast charging system that cascades a switched capacitor charger and a buck charger, wherein the hybrid mode switching converter includes a buck charger 101 and a switched capacitor charger 102.

[0016] Specifically, let's illustrate this with the hybrid-mode switching converter in reverse charging mode, where VIN' is the voltage output terminal and battery' is the voltage input terminal. In this state, when switch QB1' is on and switch QB2' is off, the buck charger 101 operates in reverse boost mode. When switch QB1' is off and switch QB2' is on, the switched capacitor charger 102 operates in reverse boost mode. In other words, by controlling the on / off states of switches QB1' and QB2', the hybrid-mode switching converter can achieve two different voltage conversion functions.

[0017] However, this solution has several problems. Firstly, because the output voltage of the switched capacitor charger 102 is not adjustable, it cannot output voltage according to the needs of the device being charged. While the buck charger 101 can regulate its output voltage when operating in reverse boost mode, its conversion efficiency is relatively low, resulting in significant energy loss. Furthermore, the internal energy converted from electricity causes the device to overheat, affecting the user experience. Additionally, because the buck charger 101 operates at a relatively low power threshold, it is unsuitable for high-power charging. Moreover, since the buck charger 101 and the switched capacitor charger 102 are functionally independent, they require separate spaces for each, necessitating a large space to house the components and incurring significant costs.

[0018] To address the aforementioned issues, an improved solution has been proposed in the prior art. Before introducing the improved hybrid-mode switching circuit, two common circuits will be presented first to facilitate understanding of the solution later. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor converter circuit, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the switched-capacitor converter circuit includes a voltage input port VIN, a voltage output port VOUT, a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, and a flying capacitor CFLY. Specifically, one control cycle of the switched-capacitor converter circuit includes a first stage and a second stage. In the first stage, the first switch Q1 and the fourth switch Q4 are turned on, while the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are turned off. At this time, the voltage input port charges the flying capacitor CFLY through the first switch Q1. In the second stage, the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are turned on, while the first switch Q1 and the fourth switch Q4 are turned off. The flying capacitor CFLY discharges to the output port through the third switch Q3. Thus, voltage conversion is achieved.

[0019] As is well known to those skilled in the art, the voltage output to voltage input ratio of the switched capacitor converter circuit is determined by the number of flying capacitors and the series-parallel topology. The switched capacitor converter circuit has the advantages of being inductor-free, compact, highly efficient with a fixed turns ratio, and having low electromagnetic interference. Its disadvantage is that the fixed voltage turns ratio prevents continuous voltage adjustment.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a three-level buck-boost circuit, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the three-level buck-boost circuit includes a voltage input port VIN, a voltage output port VOUT, a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, a flying capacitor CFLY, and an inductor L.

[0021] In this configuration, the first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the second switch Q2 are connected in series between the voltage input port VIN and the ground terminal. The first end of the flying capacitor is connected to the common terminal of the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3, and the second end is connected to the common terminal of the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are complementary in conduction, as are the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4. The phase difference between the first switch and the fourth switch is half a cycle.

[0022] Voltage conversion is achieved through a three-level step-up / step-down circuit. An intermediate level is formed by clamping the circuit with a flying capacitor (CFLY), which halves the voltage stress on the switching transistor. Furthermore, voltage regulation can be achieved by adjusting the duty cycle of the switching transistor. This system is suitable for medium- to high-voltage, high-power applications and precise voltage regulation.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a hybrid mode switching converter in the prior art, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the hybrid-mode switching converter is still described in reverse charging mode, i.e., VIN” is the voltage output terminal and battery” is the voltage input terminal. The switching transistors QH” and QL” are connected in a common-source circuit. When QH” and QL” are off and QBAT” is on, the inductor L is connected to the circuit. At this time, the structure of the equivalent circuit is... Figure 3 The three-level boost / buck circuit shown is the same; in this case, the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in three-level boost mode. When switches QH” and QL” are turned on, inductor L” is short-circuited, and the structure of the equivalent circuit is the same as... Figure 2 The switched-capacitor converter circuit shown is the same, but this time the hybrid-mode switched converter operates in switched-capacitor conversion mode.

[0024] However, this approach still has problems. Specifically, when the system operates in switched-capacitor switching mode, since QH” and QL” need to remain on, and the switching transistors have a certain on-resistance, there is a certain power loss in QH” and QL”. To reduce power loss, low-resistance switching transistors need to be selected for QH” and QL”, which significantly increases the cost. Furthermore, when the system is in three-level boost mode, if the current flowing through inductor L is large, and if the inductor's equivalent resistance is also large, the inductor's power loss will increase sharply, leading to severe heat generation. Therefore, inductors with smaller equivalent resistance should generally be selected, but these inductors are usually more expensive.

[0025] Therefore, there is a need for a hybrid-mode switching converter that can reduce costs and power losses while operating at high power.

[0026] Figure 5This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the hybrid mode switch converter includes a power module, which includes a common switch unit 31, a first mode switch unit 32, and a second mode switch unit 33.

[0027] The shared switching unit 31 includes at least one switching transistor, wherein one switching transistor is connected to the first port. In this embodiment of the invention, each switching transistor is described as being implemented using an NMOS (Negative channel-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) transistor; it should be understood that the switching transistors can also be implemented using other forms of switching devices. The shared switching unit 31 includes a first switching transistor Q1 and a second switching transistor Q2.

[0028] In some embodiments, the hybrid-mode switching converter further includes an isolating switch QB. A first switching transistor Q1 in the shared switching unit is connected to the first port via the isolating switch QB. Specifically, the isolating switch QB is connected in series between the first port P1 and the drain of the first switching transistor Q1. The first end of the isolating switch QB is connected to the first port P1, and the second end is connected to the drain of the first switching transistor Q1. When the first port P1 of the hybrid-mode switching converter is used as an input port, the isolating switch QB is turned on when the first port P1 is normally powered and turned off when the first port P1 is not normally powered. Specifically, when the hybrid-mode switching converter is in forward charging mode, the first port P1 is a forward input port. At this time, an input voltage is provided through the first port P1 and converted into an output voltage by the power module to supply the battery. When the hybrid-mode switching converter is in reverse charging mode, the first port P1 is a reverse output port, receiving the voltage converted by the hybrid-mode switching converter and supplying it to the first port P1 in reverse.

[0029] Specifically, when the first port P1 is used as an input terminal to receive power supply voltage, the hybrid mode switching converter receives the voltage from the first port and, through a first or / and second operating mode, performs a step-down conversion on the power supply voltage to charge the battery. Alternatively, when the first port P1 is used as an output terminal, the hybrid mode switching converter performs a step-up conversion on the battery voltage through a first or / and second operating mode and outputs it from the first port P1.

[0030] The first mode switching unit 32 includes a third switch Q3 and a fourth switch Q4. The first switch Q1, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, and the second switch Q2 are connected in series between the first port P1 and the ground terminal GND. The first mode switching unit 32 is connected to a battery; specifically, the common terminal of the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the battery.

[0031] The second mode switch unit 33 is connected across the first mode switch unit 32 and in parallel with it. In some embodiments, the second mode switch unit 33 includes a fifth switch Q5 and a sixth switch Q6. Specifically, the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 are connected in series between a first common point and a second common point, where the first common point is the common terminal of the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3, and the second common point is the common terminal of the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4.

[0032] In some embodiments, the power module further includes an inductor L, with a first end connected to the second mode switching unit and a second end connected to a battery. Specifically, the first end of the inductor L is connected to the common terminal of the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6. In some embodiments, the second end of the inductor L is connected to the battery.

[0033] In some embodiments, the power module further includes a flying capacitor (CFLY). The flying capacitor (CFLY) is a core energy storage and charge transfer element for voltage conversion and energy transfer, specifically achieving voltage ratio regulation and energy transfer between input and output through time-sequential charging and discharging and topology reconfiguration.

[0034] The hybrid-mode switching converter also includes a system capacitor CSYS. The first terminal of CSYS is connected to the common terminal of the inductor L and the charge / discharge switch QBAT, and the second terminal is connected to ground. This capacitor is used to stabilize the system power supply bus voltage and filter out high-frequency noise in the output voltage. In the figure, VSYS represents the system terminal, connected to the system load. The first power terminal of the charge / discharge switch QBAT is connected to the output terminal of the second operating mode and to the system load. The second power terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first operating mode and to the positive terminal of the battery. In this embodiment, the first power terminal of the charge / discharge switch is the drain, the second power terminal is the source, and the control terminal is the gate.

[0035] The hybrid-mode switching converter also includes a compensation capacitor CPMID, which is connected between the first port P1 and the ground terminal. The CPMID is used to filter out high-frequency noise on the PMID (Power Management Input Voltage) bus, preventing external voltage fluctuations from interfering with the operation of the power module through the power supply line. The PMID bus extends from the first port P1 to ground.

[0036] The specific working principle of the power conversion module will be explained below. When the power conversion module operates in the first operating mode, the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage of the power conversion module is fixed. When the power conversion module operates in the second operating mode, the output signal of the power conversion module is adjusted according to the on-time ratio of the switching transistors in the power conversion module. Specifically, when the power module operates in the first operating mode, the switching states of the first switch Q1 and the fourth switch Q4 are the same, the switching states of the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are the same, and the switching states of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are complementary. When the power module operates in the second operating mode, the switching states of the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 are complementary, the switching states of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are complementary, and the phase difference between the switching states of the first switch Q1 and the fifth switch Q5 is π. Specifically, when the power module operates in the first operating mode, the second mode switching unit is turned off, and the first mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence, so that the power module operates in the first operating mode. Specifically, when the second mode switching unit is turned off, the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 of the first switching unit, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 of the shared switching unit, and the flying capacitor CFLY together constitute the following... Figure 2 The structure of the switched capacitor circuit is shown. By controlling the timing sequence of the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, and the fourth switch Q4, the power conversion module is made to operate in the first operating mode, thereby realizing the voltage conversion function of the switched capacitor circuit.

[0037] When the power module operates in the second operating mode, the first mode switching unit is turned off, and the second mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence, so that the power module operates in the second operating mode. Specifically, when the first mode switching unit is turned off, the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 of the second mode switching unit, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 of the shared switching unit, the flying capacitor CFLY, and the inductor L together constitute the following... Figure 3The structure of the three-level buck-boost circuit is shown. By controlling the timing sequence of the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the fifth switch Q5, and the sixth switch Q6, the power conversion module is made to operate in the second working mode, thereby realizing the voltage conversion function of the three-level buck-boost circuit.

[0038] In some embodiments, the third switch Q3 includes a switch with a body diode direction switchable or includes a set of back-to-back switches, and the fourth switch Q4 includes a switch with a body diode direction switchable or includes a set of back-to-back switches. By setting the switches to body diode direction switchable switches or back-to-back switches, the current conduction direction or blocking direction can be selected as needed, thereby avoiding the parasitic freewheeling current caused by the body diode of traditional switches, and adapting to bidirectional energy flow under buck-boost conditions, ensuring stable voltage stress on the switches.

[0039] Specifically, when the power module is operating in the second operating mode, when the first switch Q1 and the sixth switch Q6 are turned on, the source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 is 0.5VIN, where VIN is the voltage of the first port P1 and the drain voltage of the fourth switch Q4 is the battery voltage VBAT. If the upper limit of VIN adjustment needs to be higher than twice VBAT, then the fourth switch Q4 needs to be set to use a switch with switchable body diode direction or a pair of back-to-back transistors with common source / drain connection, thereby blocking the conduction path of the body diode of the fourth switch Q4. When the power module is operating in the second operating mode, when the second switch Q2 is turned on, the source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 is 0, the voltage across the flying capacitor CFLY is 0.5VIN, that is, the drain voltage of Q3 is 0.5VIN, and the source voltage of the third switch Q3 is VBAT. If the upper limit of VIN adjustment needs to be lower than 2VBAT, then the third switch Q3 needs to be set to a switch with a switchable body diode or a set of back-to-back transistors with common source / drain connection to block the conduction path of the body diode of the third switch Q3.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fifth switch Q5 includes a switch with a directionally switchable body diode or a set of back-to-back switches. When the hybrid-mode switch converter does not have an isolation switch QB and a charge / discharge switch QBAT, when the battery is not being charged, the body diode of the fifth switch Q5 is configured to be directionally switchable or to consist of two back-to-back switches to prevent battery voltage from flowing to the first port through the inductor and the body diode of the fifth switch Q5.

[0041] Compared to Figure 4In contrast to existing technologies, although the embodiments of the present invention require additional fifth switch Q5 and sixth switch Q6, they omit the costly low on-resistance switches QH'' and QL'', thus making the hybrid mode switching converter of the present invention more cost-effective.

[0042] This invention, through the provision of a shared switching unit, a first-mode switching unit, and a second-mode switching unit, wherein the shared switching unit is used for both modes, the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in a first operating mode when the first-mode switching unit is turned on, and operates in a second operating mode when the second switching unit is turned on. Thus, while meeting the diverse needs of forward and reverse fast charging, high charging efficiency is achieved at a lower cost.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid mode switching converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is removed from the hybrid mode switch converter of the first embodiment. In this case, there is no system terminal in the circuit, and the hybrid mode switch converter is only used to charge and discharge the battery through the first port P1, without supplying power to the system terminal VSYS.

[0044] To increase charging power, multiple power modules can be connected in parallel to obtain greater charging power. Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 7 The diagram shows two power modules connected in parallel, each power module connected to... Figure 5The first power module has the same structure as the first, including a first switch Q1A, a second switch Q2A, a third switch Q3A, a fourth switch Q4A, a fifth switch Q5A, a sixth switch Q6A, an inductor LA, and a flying capacitor CFLYA. The second power module has the same structure as the first, including a first switch Q1B, a second switch Q2B, a third switch Q3B, a fourth switch Q4B, a fifth switch Q5B, a sixth switch Q6B, an inductor LB, and a flying capacitor CFLYB. The first power module is connected in parallel with the second power module. The first power module's first switch Q1A, third switch Q3A, fourth switch Q4A, and second switch Q2A are connected in series between the second terminal of the disconnector QB and the reference ground. The second power module's first switch Q1B, third switch Q3B, fourth switch Q4B, and second switch Q2B are connected in parallel with the first power module's first switch Q1A, third switch Q3A, fourth switch Q4A, and second switch Q2A, and are connected in series between the second terminal of the disconnector QB and the reference ground. The second terminals of inductors LA and LB are connected to each other and to the system load. The common terminal of the third switch Q3A and fourth switch Q4A of the first power module is connected to the common terminal of the third switch Q3B and fourth switch Q4B of the second power module, and is connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

[0045] Specifically, the switching timing of the first power module is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the switching timing of the second power module differs from that of the first power module by half a cycle.

[0046] It should be understood that the phase difference between the first power module and the second power module is not limited to half a cycle; it can also be zero or other phase differences. However, when the phase difference is half a cycle, the amplitude of the phase misalignment between the two power modules is the largest, and the degree of ripple reduction is also the greatest.

[0047] In this embodiment, two inductors, LA and LB, are used to store and release energy for the first power module and the second power module, respectively. This reduces the selection requirements for each inductor, lowers the cost of the hybrid mode switching converter, and increases the upper limit of the circuit's output power.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown, in Figure 7The third embodiment shown adds an identical branch, where each branch includes two power modules. Specifically, the first branch includes a first power module and a second power module, and the second branch includes a third power module and a fourth power module. The common terminals of the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 of each power module are connected to VSYS via inductors LA, LB, LC, and LD, respectively, and are connected to the positive terminal of the battery via a charge / discharge switch QBAT. The common terminals of the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 of each power module are connected together and also connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

[0049] In this circuit, the first switching transistors of the first and second power modules in the first branch are connected to the first port P1 via isolating switch QB1. Similarly, the first switching transistors of the third and fourth power modules in the second branch are connected to the first port P1 via isolating switch QB2. It should be understood that alternatively, only one isolating switch QB can be installed on the other side of the parallel connection between the two branches, thus enabling the connection of the first switching transistors in each power module to the first port P1 using a single switch QB. When the first port P1 of the hybrid-mode switching converter is used as an input port, the isolating switch QB is turned on when the first port P1 is normally powered and turned off when the first port P1 is not normally powered.

[0050] In some embodiments, when the hybrid-mode switch converter operates in a first operating mode and a second operating mode, the switching timing of the second power module, the third power module, and the fourth power module is configured to shift the switching timing phase of the first power module backward, respectively. , , One arrangement is used as the switching timing. It should be understood that the above switching timing is a switching timing that minimizes ripple to the greatest extent, and the phases of the second, third, and fourth power modules are not limited to this.

[0051] In other embodiments, a portion of the inductor in the circuit can be omitted depending on the operational requirements, thereby saving certain costs. Specific implementation methods are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and... Figure 8 The difference between the hybrid mode switching converter in the fourth embodiment and the one in the fourth embodiment is that, Figure 9In the hybrid-mode switching converter shown, the third and fourth power modules of the second branch do not include inductor L. That is, in the second operating mode, the required power can be achieved simply by voltage conversion through the first and second power modules; the third and fourth power modules do not operate or output. Therefore, compared to the fourth embodiment, the power requirement in the second operating mode is lower. This saves the cost of two inductors.

[0052] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 10 As shown, in Figure 9 Based on the fifth embodiment, the fifth switching transistors Q5C and Q5D, and the sixth switching transistors Q6C and Q6D are removed, thereby eliminating the cost of four switching transistors while eliminating the need for inductors.

[0053] Similarly, if the power requirement of the first operating mode is relatively low, while the power requirement of the second operating mode is relatively high, the circuit diagrams for the third and fourth switching transistors in the second branch can be omitted, such as... Figure 11 As shown, in Figure 8 Based on this, the third and fourth switches Q2C and Q2D, and the fourth switches Q3C and Q3D of the second branch are omitted. This saves the cost of four switches.

[0054] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the hybrid mode switching converter according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the hybrid mode switching converter includes N power modules, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0055] Similar to a hybrid-mode switching converter comprising two power modules, when the hybrid-mode switching converter comprises N power modules, the power modules are connected in parallel, and the second terminals of the inductors in each power module are connected together. In some embodiments, when the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in a first operating mode or a second operating mode, the control timing of the first power module is the same as that of the power module in the first embodiment, and the i-th power module is configured to shift the switching timing phase of the first power module backward. As the switching timing, i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and N is the number of power modules included in the hybrid mode switching converter.

[0056] The phase difference between each power module and the first power module is not limited to the values ​​mentioned above; the phase difference between each power module and the first power module can also be other phase differences, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose any restrictions on this. However, when the phase difference is... At this time, the amplitude of the phase shift of each power module is the largest, and the degree of ripple reduction is also the greatest. In other embodiments, the phase difference between each power module in the first operating mode and the second operating mode can also be set differently. As an example, the phase difference between each power module in one of the first or second operating modes is set to... In another operating mode, each power module can be set to 0 or other phase differences, which is not limited here.

[0057] It should be understood that in the third to eighth embodiments of the present invention, the charge / discharge switch QBAT can be removed in the same way as the conversion from the first embodiment to the second embodiment, so that the hybrid switching converter is only used to charge and discharge the battery.

[0058] In addition to the hybrid-mode switching converter, embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated circuit, wherein the integrated circuit includes a common switching unit, a first-mode switching unit, and a second-mode switching unit from at least one power module of the hybrid-mode switching converter of the present invention. Specifically, all or part of the components of the hybrid-mode switching converter, except for inductors and capacitors, can be integrated on an integrated circuit substrate to form an integrated circuit. As one example, the common switching unit, the first-mode switching unit, and the second-mode switching unit from one power module can be integrated to form an integrated circuit. As a second example, the common switching unit, the first-mode switching unit, and the second-mode switching unit from two power modules can be integrated to form an integrated circuit.

[0059] Specifically, the integrated circuit includes a first switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a second switch connected in series, and a fifth switch and a sixth switch connected in series between the common terminal of the first and third switches and the common terminal of the fourth and second switches; a first pin, one end of which is coupled to the common terminal of the fifth and sixth switches, and the other end of which is coupled to one end of an inductor; a second pin, one end of which is coupled to the common terminal of the third and fourth switches, and the other end of which is coupled to the positive terminal of a battery; a third pin, one end of which is coupled to the common terminal of the first and third switches, and the other end of which is coupled to one end of a flying capacitor; a fourth pin, one end of which is coupled to the common terminal of the fourth and second switches, and the other end of which is coupled to the other end of the flying capacitor; a fifth pin, one end of which is coupled to the first power terminal of the first switch; and a sixth pin, one end of which is coupled to the second power terminal of the second switch, and the other end of which is coupled to ground potential.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first power terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the first power terminal of the isolating switch, and the second power terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the fifth pin. In one embodiment, the isolating switch is integrated into the integrated circuit. In an optional implementation, the integrated circuit further includes a controller for controlling the switching states of the first to sixth switching transistors, such that when operating in the first operating mode in the forward direction, the voltage received at the fifth pin is stepped down and output from the second pin to charge the battery; and when operating in the second operating mode in the forward direction, the voltage received at the fifth pin is stepped down and output from the second terminal of the inductor to charge the battery; and when operating in the reverse direction, the voltage of the battery is stepped up and output from the fifth pin.

[0061] It should be noted that the potentials at one end and the other end of the same pin are the same. For ease of description of the connection between the same pin and the internal and external circuits of the integrated circuit, it is referred to here as "one end" and "the other end". One of "one end" and "the other end" indicates a connection to the internal circuit structure of the integrated circuit, and the other indicates a connection to the external circuit structure of the integrated circuit. In this embodiment, as an example, the first power terminal of the first switching transistor is the drain, and the second power terminal of the first switching transistor is the source; the first power terminal of the isolating switch is the drain, and the second power terminal of the isolating switch is the source; however, this is not a limitation.

[0062] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a charging electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the charging electronic device includes a hybrid mode switch converter 111, a controller 112, and a battery 113. The hybrid mode switch converter 111 can be an example of a hybrid mode switch converter from the first to the eighth embodiments of this invention, used for voltage conversion during forward or reverse charging, thereby achieving power conversion. The controller 112 is configured to control the hybrid mode switch converter; specifically, the controller 112 controls the timing of each switch transistor in the hybrid mode switch converter, thereby controlling the hybrid mode switch converter to be in a first operating state or a second operating state. The charging electronic device is electrically connected to an external device through the first port P1, thereby achieving power conversion with the external device.

[0063] The following explanation will further illustrate the working principle of the charging electronic device by examining its application in forward and reverse charging systems according to embodiments of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the forward charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 14As shown, the forward charging system includes a charging electronic device 11, an adapter 12, and a power supply 14. The adapter 12 is electrically connected to the first port P1 of the charging electronic device 11 via a cable or wirelessly. Specifically, the charging electronic device 11 is the charging electronic device provided in this embodiment of the invention, which acts as a powered device in the forward charging system. The adapter 12 is a power conversion device that converts the power supplied by the power supply 14 into the power required by the device, providing a stable and suitable power supply to the charging electronic device 11. It should be understood that the adapter 12 and the power supply 14 can also be replaced with electronic devices that support bidirectional power conversion to supply power to the charging electronic device 11.

[0064] Specifically, when the adapter 12 is electrically connected to the first port P1 of the charging electronic device 11 via cable or wireless means, there are two cases depending on the type of adapter 12: In the first scenario, when the adapter 12 is an adjustable voltage adapter, it indicates that the output voltage of the adapter is adjustable. In this case, by controlling the hybrid mode switching converter to operate in either the first or second forward charging mode based on the battery voltage and current, the voltage at the first port can be converted to the voltage required by the battery in the charging electronic device 11.

[0065] The second scenario: When the adapter 12 is not an adjustable voltage adapter, it indicates that the output voltage of the adapter is fixed and cannot be adjusted. In this case, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the second working mode of forward charging, and the duty cycle of each switch in the hybrid mode switching converter is adjusted to convert the output voltage of the adapter 12 into the voltage required by the battery in the charging electronic device 11.

[0066] Specifically, in the first case, when the hybrid mode switch converter 111 does not include a charge / discharge switch, when the battery voltage is less than a preset voltage (battery not fully charged), it operates in the first mode to perform high-current constant-current charging; when the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the current is greater than the first preset current i1, it still operates in the first operating mode, but the input voltage is adjusted to perform high-current constant-voltage charging; when the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the current is less than the first preset current i1 and greater than the second preset current i2, it operates in the second mode to perform constant-voltage charging; until the charging current is less than the second preset current i2, at which point the battery charging is complete; wherein, the first preset current i1 is greater than the second preset current i2.

[0067] Specifically, in the first case, when the hybrid mode switch converter 111 includes a charge / discharge switch, the first power terminal of the charge / discharge switch is connected to the output terminal of the second operating mode and connected to the system load, the second power terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first operating mode and connected to the positive terminal of the battery. When the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, so that the output voltage of the hybrid mode switch converter 111 is equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load system, thereby maintaining the minimum operating voltage of the load system. When the battery voltage is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load system but less than a preset voltage (at this time, the battery is not fully charged), the hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the first operating mode, which is a constant current charging process. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage (at this time, the battery is close to fully charged) and the battery current is greater than the first preset current i1, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the first operating mode, and by controlling the voltage of the input power supply, the output voltage of the hybrid mode switch converter 111 is made equal to the preset voltage, thereby achieving high-efficiency high-current constant voltage charging. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is less than the first preset current i1 but greater than the second preset current i2, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the second operating mode to achieve constant voltage charging; wherein, the first preset current i1 is greater than the second preset current i2.

[0068] Meanwhile, in the first scenario, when the hybrid-mode switch converter 111 includes a charge / discharge switch transistor QBAT, the state of the charge / discharge switch transistor QBAT depends on the battery voltage and current. When the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the hybrid-mode switch converter 111 operates in a second operating mode, and the charge / discharge switch transistor QBAT is in a linear modulation state to achieve pre-charging. When the battery voltage is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load system but less than the preset voltage, or when the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is greater than the first preset current i1, the hybrid-mode switch converter... The hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the first operating mode, with the charge / discharge switch QBAT fully turned on to achieve high-efficiency, high-current constant-current charging. When the battery voltage reaches a preset voltage, and the battery current is less than the first preset current i1 and greater than the second preset current i2, the hybrid mode switch converter operates in the second operating mode, with the charge / discharge switch QBAT fully turned on to achieve constant-voltage charging. When the battery voltage reaches a preset voltage and the battery current is less than the second preset current i2, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is turned off, at which point the battery charging is complete.

[0069] In the second scenario, adapter 12 is not an adjustable voltage adapter, and the hybrid mode switch converter 111 does not include the charge / discharge switch QBAT. When the battery voltage is less than a preset voltage (the battery is not fully charged), the hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the second operating mode and performs constant current charging with the configured charging current. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is greater than the second preset current i2, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 still operates in the second operating mode to achieve constant voltage charging. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is less than the second preset current i2, the battery charging is complete.

[0070] In the second scenario, the adapter 12 is not an adjustable voltage adapter. When the hybrid mode switch converter 111 includes a charge / discharge switch QBAT, the state of the charge / discharge switch QBAT depends on the battery voltage and current. When the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, making the output voltage of the hybrid mode switch converter 111 equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load system. At this time, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is in a linear modulation state to achieve pre-charging of the battery. When the battery voltage is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load system but less than a preset voltage (at this time, the battery is not fully charged), the hybrid mode switch converter 111 operates in the second operating mode and performs constant current charging with the configured charging current. At this time, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is in a fully conducting state. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is greater than the second preset current i2, the hybrid mode switch converter 111 still operates in the second operating mode to achieve constant voltage charging. At this time, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is in a fully conducting state. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is less than the second preset current i2, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is in the off state, and the battery charging is complete.

[0071] Specifically, the state of the charge / discharge switch QBAT also depends on the power supply state of the first port P1. When the first port P1 is not powered normally, when the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the charge / discharge switch is in a fully conducting state, and the load system supplies power to it through the battery.

[0072] It should be noted that when the battery voltage is lower than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, if the charge / discharge switch QBAT is fully turned on, the battery voltage will be equal to the input voltage of the system load, causing the load system to operate at the minimum operating voltage, affecting the operation of the load system and potentially damaging related components. Therefore, when the charge / discharge switch is in a linear modulation state (incompletely turned on), the battery is charged under current-limited conditions to prevent the input voltage of the load system from being pulled down by the battery voltage.

[0073] Therefore, by detecting the type of adapter and adjusting the charging electronic device to different states based on the different types of adapters, the energy conversion efficiency of the charging electronic device is improved while ensuring voltage compatibility.

[0074] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 15 As shown, the reverse charging system includes a charging electronic device 11 and a receiving device 13, which are electrically connected via cable or wireless means. The charging electronic device 11 serves as a power supply device in the reverse charging system. The receiving device 13 is not limited to the charging electronic device of this embodiment and can also be other types of unidirectional charging electronic devices. The receiving device 13 may include a battery, a charger, and a controller. The charger can be a PMIC, a switched capacitor charger, a three-level charger, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0075] When the first port of the hybrid-mode switching converter is used as an output, the hybrid-mode switching converter boosts the battery voltage through a first or / and second operating mode and outputs it from the first port. In some embodiments, the controller of the charging electronic device is configured to: determine the charging demand of the powered device in response to the first port being connected to a powered device; if the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output through the first operating mode of reverse charging is within the adjustable range, control the hybrid-mode switching converter to operate in the first operating mode of reverse charging and output the target voltage; if the charging demand is a predetermined voltage value, control the hybrid-mode switching converter to operate in the second operating mode of reverse charging and output the predetermined voltage value; if the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output through the first operating mode of reverse charging is not within the range, control the hybrid-mode switching converter to operate in the second operating mode of reverse charging and output a voltage value within the range.

[0076] Specifically, when the device to be judged is connected to the first port P1, it is determined whether the device is a powered device. Specifically, the charging electronic device and the device to be judged interact via a built-in general charging protocol or a proprietary protocol. The device to be judged notifies the charging electronic device whether it is a powered device through protocol messages. If so, the charging electronic device receives the charging request sent by the powered device via cable or wirelessly, and determines the power supply method based on the charging request sent by the powered device. Specifically, this can be divided into the following three cases: The first scenario: If the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output through the first reverse charging operating mode is within that range, it indicates that the device can be powered using the fixed voltage ratio conversion method of the first operating mode. In this case, the target voltage is output through the first operating mode to power the device. For example, assuming the device's charging demand is 5V-9V (this range is converted to a battery rechargeable voltage by the device's internal charger), and the battery voltage of the charging electronic device is 4.2V, then the first reverse charging operating mode (assuming a voltage ratio of 1:2) outputs approximately 8.4V. As the battery discharges, this output voltage gradually decreases. If it drops to 6V, causing it to stop working, then the voltage range output by the charging electronic device through the first operating mode is approximately 6V-8.4V, which meets the power supply requirements of the device.

[0077] The second scenario: If the charging demand is near a predetermined voltage value, the hybrid-mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the second reverse charging mode, and the predetermined voltage value is output. Specifically, if the charging demand is near a predetermined voltage value, it indicates that the voltage value provided by the charging electronic device needs to be relatively precise and stable. For example, if the battery voltage of the charging electronic device is 4V, and the charging demand of the receiving device is near 9V, the hybrid-mode switching converter of the charging electronic device is controlled to operate in the second mode, and the duty cycle of each switch is adjusted to ensure that the voltage output by the charging electronic device is near 9V.

[0078] The third scenario: If the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output through the first reverse charging mode is outside this range, meaning the first operating mode cannot output the voltage required by the device, then the second reverse charging mode is needed to output the voltage within the adjustable range. The specific output voltage value can be any value within the range. For example, if the device's charging demand is 9V-12V, and the highest voltage output by the charging electronic device through the first reverse charging mode is 8.4V, then the first operating mode cannot achieve a target output voltage within the device's charging demand range. In this case, by controlling the hybrid mode switch converter to operate in the second reverse charging mode and adjusting the duty cycle of each switch, a voltage value within the required range can be output; for example, a voltage of 10V can be output.

[0079] In reverse charging scenarios, the battery connected to the hybrid-mode switching converter in the charging electronic device 11 serves as the input terminal. The hybrid-mode switching converter 111 includes a charge / discharge switch QBAT. The first power terminal of the charge / discharge switch QBAT is connected to the output terminal of the second operating mode and to the system load. The second power terminal of the charge / discharge switch QBAT is connected to the output terminal of the first operating mode and to the positive terminal of the battery. When the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is fully turned on in both the first and second operating modes of the hybrid-mode switching converter. The battery voltage supplies power to both the system load and the powered device 13. When the battery voltage of the hybrid-mode switching converter is lower than the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch QBAT needs to be turned off. Specifically, the charging electronic device needs to stop operating before the charge / discharge switch QBAT is turned off to avoid over-discharge damaging the battery. That is, when the hybrid-mode switching converter includes the charge / discharge switch QBAT, the minimum battery voltage during reverse operation of the hybrid-mode switching converter should be greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load. Preferably, a certain voltage margin is maintained. If the charging electronic device is not in a charge / discharge state, and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is fully turned on, and the battery supplies power to the system load. After discharging to a point where the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch QBAT is turned off.

[0080] Therefore, by determining the charging needs of the powered device and making the charging electronic device work in different states according to different charging needs, the charging electronic device can meet the charging needs of different types of powered devices when it is used as a power supply device, thus improving the versatility of the charging electronic device as a charging device.

[0081] This invention, through the provision of a shared switching unit, a first-mode switching unit, and a second-mode switching unit, wherein the shared switching unit is used for both modes, the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in a first operating mode when the first-mode switching unit is turned on, and operates in a second operating mode when the second switching unit is turned on. Thus, while meeting the diverse needs of forward and reverse fast charging, high charging efficiency is achieved at a lower cost.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, apparatus (devices), or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0083] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations of methods, apparatus (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each step in the flowchart can be implemented by computer program instructions.

[0084] These computer program instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including an instruction means, the implementation process of which is described in the instruction means. Figure 1 The function specified in one or more processes.

[0085] These computer program instructions may also be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, produce instructions for implementing processes. Figure 1 A device for a function specified in one or more processes.

[0086] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a non-volatile storage medium for storing a computer-readable program for use by a computer to execute some or all of the above-described method embodiments.

[0087] That is, those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program specifying the relevant hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hybrid mode switching converter, characterized in that, The hybrid-mode switching converter includes at least one power module, the power module comprising: First port; A shared switching unit includes at least one switching transistor, one of which is coupled to the first port; The first mode switching unit is connected to the battery; The second mode switch unit is connected across the first mode switch unit; When the power module is operating in the first operating mode, the second mode switching unit is turned off, and the first mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence so that the power module operates in the first operating mode. When the power module is operating in the second operating mode, the first mode switching unit is turned off, and the second mode switching unit and the shared switching unit operate according to the switching timing sequence so that the power module operates in the second operating mode. When the first port receives power supply voltage as an input, the hybrid-mode switching converter receives the voltage from the first port and, through a first or / and second operating mode, performs a step-down conversion on the power supply voltage to charge the battery; and / or When the first port is used as an output terminal, the hybrid mode switching converter boosts the voltage of the battery and outputs it from the first port through the first or / and second operating modes.

2. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module also includes: The inductor has its first end connected to the second mode switch unit and its second end connected to the battery.

3. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module also includes: The inductor has its first end connected to the second mode switching unit, and its second end connected to the positive terminal of the battery through a charge / discharge switch.

4. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The power module also includes: A flying capacitor is connected in parallel with the second mode switching unit.

5. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shared switching unit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor, the first mode switching unit includes a third switching transistor and a fourth switching transistor, and the second mode switching unit includes a fifth switching transistor and a sixth switching transistor. The first, third, fourth, and second switching transistors are sequentially connected between the first port and the ground terminal. The fifth and sixth switching transistors are sequentially connected in series between the first common point and the second common point. The first common point is the common terminal of the first and third switching transistors, and the second common point is the common terminal of the second and fourth switching transistors.

6. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third switch includes a switch that can be cut in the body diode direction or includes a set of back-to-back switches, and the fourth switch includes a switch that can be cut in the body diode direction or includes a set of back-to-back switches.

7. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the power module is operating in the first operating mode, the first and fourth switching transistors are in the same switching state, the second and third switching transistors are in the same switching state, and the switching states of the first and second switching transistors are complementary. When the power module is operating in the second operating mode, the switching states of the fifth and sixth switches are complementary, the switching states of the first and second switches are complementary, and the phase difference between the switching states of the first and fifth switches is π.

8. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the hybrid mode switching converter includes multiple power modules, the power modules are connected in parallel, and the second terminals of the inductors in each power module are connected together.

9. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in either the first or second operating mode, the i-th power module is configured to shift the switching timing phase of the first power module backward. As the switching timing, i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and N is the number of power modules included in the hybrid mode switching converter.

10. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hybrid mode switching converter includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel; The first branch includes a first power module and a second power module, and the second branch includes a third power module and a fourth power module. The first power module and the second power module are connected in parallel, and the third power module and the fourth power module are connected in parallel.

11. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the hybrid-mode switching converter operates in either the first or second operating mode, the second, third, and fourth power modules are respectively configured to shift the switching timing phase of the first power module backward. , and One arrangement is used as the switching timing.

12. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third and fourth power modules do not include inductors.

13. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the power conversion module operates in the first operating mode, the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage of the power conversion module is fixed; when the power conversion module operates in the second operating mode, the output signal of the power conversion module is adjusted according to the on-time ratio of the switching transistor in the power conversion module.

14. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fifth switch includes a switch that is directionally switchable in the body diode direction or includes a set of back-to-back switches.

15. The hybrid mode switching converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid mode switch converter also includes an isolating switch. One of the switching transistors in the shared switching unit is connected to the first port through the isolating switch. When the first port of the hybrid mode switch converter is used as an input port, the isolating switch is turned on when the input power supply is normal and turned off when the input power supply is abnormal.

16. An integrated circuit, characterized in that, The integrated circuit includes: A first switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a second switch are connected in series, and a fifth switch and a sixth switch are connected in series between the common terminal of the first switch and the third switch and the common terminal of the fourth switch and the second switch. The first pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the fifth and sixth switching transistors, and the other end coupled to one end of the inductor; The second pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the third and fourth switching transistors, and the other end coupled to the positive terminal of the battery. The third pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the first switch and the third switch, and the other end coupled to one end of the flying capacitor. The fourth pin has one end coupled to the common terminal of the fourth switch and the second switch, and the other end coupled to the other end of the flying capacitor. The fifth pin has one end coupled to the first power terminal of the first switching transistor; The sixth pin has one end coupled to the second power terminal of the second switch and the other end coupled to ground potential.

17. The integrated circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The first power terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the first power terminal of the disconnecting switch, and the second power terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the fifth pin.

18. The integrated circuit according to claim 17, characterized in that: The disconnect switch is integrated into the integrated circuit.

19. The integrated circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The integrated circuit also includes a controller for controlling the switching states of the first to sixth switching transistors, such that when operating in the first working mode in the forward direction, the voltage received at the fifth pin is stepped down and output from the second pin to charge the battery; and when operating in the second working mode in the forward direction, the voltage received at the fifth pin is stepped down and output from the second terminal of the inductor to charge the battery; and when operating in the reverse direction, the voltage of the battery is stepped up and output from the fifth pin.

20. A charging electronic device, characterized in that, The charging electronic device includes: The mixed-mode switching converter as described in any one of claims 1-15 or the integrated circuit as described in any one of claims 16-19.

21. The charging electronic device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The charging electronic device further includes a controller configured to control the hybrid mode switching converter, specifically configured as follows: In response to the first port being connected to the adapter, the type of the adapter is determined; If the adapter is an adjustable voltage adapter, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in either the first or second working mode of forward charging according to the battery voltage and current. If the adapter is not an adjustable voltage adapter, control the hybrid mode switch converter to operate in the second working mode of positive charging.

22. The charging electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that: If the adapter is an adjustable voltage adapter, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in either a first or second forward charging mode based on the battery voltage and current, wherein: When the battery voltage is lower than the preset voltage, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to work in the first working mode to perform high current constant current charging. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the current is greater than the first preset current, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to work in the first working mode, and the input voltage is adjusted to perform high current constant voltage charging. When the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage, and the charging current is less than the first preset current but greater than the second preset current, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to operate in the second mode for constant voltage charging. When the charging current is less than the second preset current, the battery charging is complete; Wherein, the first preset current is greater than the second preset current.

23. The charging electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that, The hybrid mode switching converter includes a charge / discharge switching transistor. The first power terminal of the charge / discharge switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the second operating mode and to the system load. The second power terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first operating mode and to the positive terminal of the battery. If the adapter is an adjustable voltage adapter, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in either a first or second forward charging mode based on the battery voltage and current, wherein: When the battery voltage of the hybrid mode switching converter is less than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, and the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a linear modulation state for pre-charging. When the voltage of the battery is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load system and less than the preset voltage, or when the voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset voltage and the current of the battery is greater than the first preset current, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to operate in the first operating mode, and the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a fully conducting state for constant current charging. When the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage and the battery current is less than the first preset current but greater than the second preset current, the hybrid mode switch is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, and the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a fully conducting state for constant voltage charging; when the battery voltage reaches the preset voltage and the battery current is less than the second preset current, the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a cut-off state. Wherein, the first preset current is greater than the second preset current.

24. The charging electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that, If the adapter is not an adjustable voltage adapter, the control of the hybrid mode switching converter to operate in the second operating mode of forward charging, wherein: When the battery voltage is less than the preset voltage, the hybrid mode switch converter operates in the second operating mode and performs constant current charging with the configured charging current. When the battery voltage reaches a preset voltage and the battery current is greater than a second preset current, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to operate in the second working mode to achieve constant voltage charging. The battery is fully charged when the battery voltage reaches a preset voltage and the battery current is less than the second preset current.

25. The charging electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that, The hybrid mode switching converter includes a charge / discharge switching transistor. The first power terminal of the charge / discharge switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the second operating mode and to the system load. The second power terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first operating mode and to the positive terminal of the battery. If the adapter is not an adjustable voltage adapter, the control of the hybrid mode switching converter to operate in the second operating mode of forward charging, wherein: If the voltage of the battery is less than the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, so that the output voltage of the hybrid mode switching converter is equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load system, and the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a linear modulation state to achieve pre-charging of the battery. If the voltage of the battery is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load system and less than the preset voltage, the hybrid mode switch converter is controlled to operate in the second operating mode, and the battery is charged with constant current using the configured charging current, and the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a fully on state. If the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage and the battery current is greater than the second preset current, the hybrid mode switch is controlled to remain in the second operating mode for constant voltage charging.

26. The charging electronic device according to claim 23 or 25, characterized in that: When the first port is not powered normally, if the voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load system, the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a fully conducting state, and the load system is powered by the battery.

27. The charging electronic device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The charging electronic device further includes a controller configured to control the hybrid mode switching converter, specifically configured to: In response to the first port being connected to a powered device, the charging needs of the powered device are determined; If the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output through the first working mode of reverse charging is within the adjustable range, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the first working mode of reverse charging and output the target voltage. If the charging demand is a predetermined voltage value, the hybrid mode switching converter is controlled to operate in the second working mode of reverse charging, and the predetermined voltage value is output. If the charging demand is within an adjustable range, and the target voltage output by the first working mode of reverse charging is not within the range, the hybrid mode switch is controlled to operate in the second working mode of reverse charging, and a voltage value within the range is output.

28. The charging electronic device according to claim 27, characterized in that, The hybrid mode switch converter includes a charge / discharge switch transistor; If the battery voltage of the hybrid mode switching converter is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch is controlled to be in a fully on state. If the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charge / discharge switch is turned off.

29. The charging electronic device according to claim 28, characterized in that, When the charging electronic device is not in a charging / discharging state, if the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charging / discharging switch is controlled to be in a fully conducting state; if the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the system load, the charging / discharging switch is controlled to be turned off.

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