Partitioned temperature control multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of immersion cooling systems, in particular to a partition temperature control multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system, and effectively solves the problems that an existing cooling system is prone to causing uneven temperature distribution of cooling liquid, and the cooling intensity cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time temperature of each partition. According to the technical scheme, each heating module is independently provided with a gas collecting hood, a temperature sensor set and a partition temperature control injection mechanism, so that the temperature of each module and the temperature of a steam space of each module can be monitored in real time; the partitioned temperature control injection mechanism forms an independent forced convection loop capable of being regulated and controlled in a partitioned mode, the system can independently start injection cooling circulation aiming at a certain heating module, low-temperature cooling liquid is directly and rapidly conveyed to the bottom of the module for enhanced heat exchange, accurate temperature control is achieved, the problem that cooling is uneven in a multi-module system is thoroughly solved, and the service life of the multi-module system is prolonged. The operation stability and the service life of equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersion cooling system technology, and more particularly to a multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control. Background Technology

[0002] As data centers, high-performance computing, and power electronic devices evolve towards higher power density and miniaturization, the heat generated per unit volume is increasing dramatically. Traditional air cooling and even water cooling technologies are no longer sufficient to meet their demands for efficient and uniform heat dissipation. Phase change immersion cooling technology, due to its superior heat dissipation capabilities and potential energy-saving advantages, has become an effective way to solve the heat dissipation challenges of high power density.

[0003] In existing technologies, phase change immersion cooling typically involves directly immersing the heating module in a low-boiling-point dielectric liquid. The heat generated by the heating element directly causes the liquid to boil and undergo a phase change, utilizing the latent heat of vaporization for efficient heat dissipation. The generated vapor is then condensed at the condenser and returned to the source. However, such systems generally suffer from the following technical bottlenecks: In traditional single-tank immersion systems, multiple heat-generating modules share the same coolant pool and condensation circuit. Due to differences in power consumption, layout, or uneven fluid flow among the modules, uneven coolant temperature distribution can easily occur, with some modules experiencing excessively high fluid temperatures, forming localized hot spots that affect equipment stability and lifespan. Existing systems mostly focus on steam condensation and recovery, lacking the ability to actively intervene in the boiling process itself. They cannot enhance heat exchange in local overheated areas, nor can they dynamically adjust the cooling intensity according to the real-time temperature of each zone, resulting in sluggish system response and suboptimal energy efficiency.

[0004] Above the boiling phase change region, if there are no additional cooling measures for the gas phase space, high-temperature steam may accumulate heat here, affecting condensation efficiency and potentially causing thermal stress on the upper structure of the chamber.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a phase change immersion cooling system that can achieve precise zoned temperature control, has multi-redundant cooling capabilities, and can actively intervene to enhance local heat exchange, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and meet the requirements of high reliability and high efficiency heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above issues, this invention provides a multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control. This system can significantly enhance the liquid flow and boiling heat transfer coefficient of the heating surface, making it particularly suitable for handling instantaneous high heat loads. This results in a higher upper limit for the system's heat dissipation capacity and a faster dynamic response speed. The system can independently initiate a jet cooling cycle for a specific heating module and increase the corresponding condensation power of that module. It directly and quickly delivers low-temperature coolant to the bottom of the module for enhanced heat exchange, achieving precise temperature control.

[0007] A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control includes: The cooling box contains multiple heating modules that are fixedly installed inside and is filled with a cooling medium that can cool the heating modules. A gas collection hood is a bottom-opening hood that covers the outside of the heating module. Each heating module is covered with a gas collection hood to collect the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium generated by the heating module. The multi-loop main cooling mechanism has its inlet and outlet ends connected to the top of the gas collection hood and the inside of the cooling box, respectively, for condensing the high-temperature medium and discharging it back into the cooling box. A multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism includes a heat exchanger, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The heat exchanger is positioned above the heating module and its inlet end is connected to the inlet pipe. The outlet pipe is connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger. The multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism is connected in parallel with the multi-loop main cooling mechanism. The zoned temperature-controlled injection mechanism includes a diversion liquid extraction pipe, a first circulation pump, a first condenser, an ejector, and a diversion liquid spray pipe. The diversion liquid inlet end of the diversion liquid extraction pipe is respectively inserted between several heating modules and their external gas collection hood and is connected to the inlet end of the first circulation pump. The first condenser is connected between the outlet end of the first circulation pump and the inlet end of the ejector. The diversion liquid spray pipe is connected to the outlet end of the ejector, and its multiple diversion ends are respectively arranged below multiple heating modules. The temperature sensor group includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the outside of the heating module, and the second temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the gas collection hood, for real-time temperature monitoring of the heating module and the inner top of the gas collection hood. The liquid injection pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side of the cooling box. A valve for controlling its flow is fixedly installed inside the pipe. The number of liquid injection pipes is the same as the number of heating modules. Each liquid injection pipe corresponds to the bottom of multiple heating modules.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling medium includes a liquid phase change cooling medium and a covering oil. The liquid phase change cooling medium fills the interior of the cooling box and wraps around the exterior of the heating module. The liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium is higher than the top of the heating module. The covering oil covers the top of the liquid phase change cooling medium and is located between the gas collection hood and the cooling box.

[0009] Preferably, the gas collection hood is upside down on the outside of the heating module and its interior is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium, and the top of the gas collection hood is a cavity that can accommodate high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-loop main cooling mechanism includes an exhaust pipe, a first solenoid valve, a main pipe, a second circulating pump, a second condenser, and a condenser branch drain pipe. The number of exhaust pipes is the same as the number of gas collection hoods, and the air inlet end at the bottom is connected to the top of the corresponding gas collection hood and communicates with the inside of the gas collection hood. The top ends of the multiple exhaust pipes are all connected to the main pipe, and a first solenoid valve that can control its flow is fixedly installed on each exhaust pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the main pipe away from the exhaust pipe is connected to the inlet end of the second circulation pump, and the inlet and outlet of the second condenser are respectively connected between the outlet end of the second circulation pump and the inlet end of the condenser diversion drain pipe, with the diversion end of the condenser diversion drain pipe passing through the bottom of the cooling medium.

[0012] Preferably, the number of branch pipes of the condenser branch drain pipe is the same as the number of heating modules, and the branch end outlets are respectively facing downwards of multiple gas collection hoods. Throttling valves that can control the liquid output are fixedly installed at the multiple branch end outlets of the condenser branch drain pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the heat exchanger is horizontally fixedly installed in the cavity at the top of the gas collection hood. The number of multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms is the same as the number of heating modules, and the multiple liquid outlet pipes in the multiple multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms are interconnected. The end of the multiple liquid outlet pipes away from the heat exchanger is connected to the main pipeline. The liquid inlet pipe of each heat exchanger is connected to multiple branch ends of the condenser branch drain pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the multiple branch ends of the diversion suction pipe are respectively inserted through the sides of multiple gas collecting hoods and communicate with the interior of the gas collecting hoods. Each of the multiple branch ends of the diversion suction pipe is fixedly installed with a second solenoid valve that can control the individual flow of each branch end. Each of the multiple branch spray ends of the diversion spray pipe is inserted into the bottom of the cooling medium and is vertically corresponding to multiple heating modules. Each of the multiple branch ends of the diversion spray pipe is fixedly installed with a third solenoid valve that controls the individual flow of each branch end.

[0015] Preferably, the number of temperature sensor groups is the same as the number of heating modules and gas collection hoods, and each temperature sensor group is fixedly installed on each heating module and the corresponding external gas collection hood.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the inlet pipe away from the heat exchanger is connected to the branch end of the condenser branch drain pipe and is located on the side of the throttle valve away from the branch end outlet, so that the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium discharged from the second condenser flows into the inlet pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: (1) The multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control can monitor the temperature of each module and its steam space in real time by independently configuring a gas collection hood, temperature sensor group and zoned temperature control spray mechanism for each heating module. The zoned temperature control spray mechanism forms an independent, zoned adjustable forced convection loop, which can significantly enhance the liquid flow and boiling heat transfer coefficient of the heating surface. It is particularly suitable for dealing with instantaneous high heat load, so that the system heat dissipation capacity has a higher upper limit and a faster dynamic response speed. The system can independently start the spray cooling cycle for a certain heating module and increase the condensation power corresponding to the heating module. The low temperature coolant is directly and quickly delivered to the bottom of the module for enhanced heat exchange, achieving precise temperature control, completely solving the problem of uneven cooling in the multi-module system, and improving the stability and life of the equipment operation. (2) The multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zone temperature control condenses the high-temperature steam in the gas collection hood through the multi-loop main cooling mechanism, which plays a preliminary cooling role. The multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism can actively and efficiently absorb the heat of the steam, accelerate its condensation, and effectively prevent the accumulation of heat in the gas phase space. This not only reduces the workload of the multi-loop main cooling mechanism and improves the overall condensation efficiency, but also reduces the thermal shock to the top of the box, thus playing a dual enhanced heat dissipation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external liquid injection pipe of the cooling box of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Cooling box; 2. Heating module; 3. Cooling medium; 301. Liquid phase change cooling medium; 302. Covering oil; 4. Gas collection hood; 5. Multi-loop main cooling mechanism; 501. Exhaust pipe; 502. First solenoid valve; 503. Main pipe; 504. Second circulation pump; 505. Second condenser; 506. Condenser branch drain pipe; 6. Multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism; 601. Heat exchanger; 602. Inlet pipe; 603. Outlet pipe; 7. Zoned temperature control injection mechanism; 701. Branch extraction pipe; 702. First circulation pump; 703. First condenser; 704. Injector; 705. Branch injection pipe; 8. Temperature sensor group; 801. First temperature sensor; 802. Second temperature sensor; 9. Throttling valve; 10. Second solenoid valve; 11. Third solenoid valve; 12. Injection pipe; 13. Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figures 1 to 2As will be clearly shown in the detailed description of the embodiments, all structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are based on the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This embodiment provides a multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, the invention includes a cooling box 1, which is a container with an open top. Multiple heating modules 2 are fixedly installed inside the cooling box 1, and the cooling box 1 is filled with a cooling medium 3 to cool the heating modules 2. Specifically, the cooling medium 3 in this invention includes a liquid phase change cooling medium 301 and a covering oil 302. The liquid phase change cooling medium 301 fills the interior of the cooling box 1 and surrounds the exterior of the heating modules 2. The liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 is higher than the top of the heating modules 2. The covering oil 302 covers the top of the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 and is located at a certain level. Between the gas hood 4 and the cooling box 1; the present invention adopts the method of setting a covering oil 302 above the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 outside the gas hood 4. Taking advantage of the fact that the covering oil 302 is immiscible with the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 and has a lower density, it can physically block the evaporation path of the liquid phase change cooling medium 301, significantly reducing the volatilization of the liquid phase change cooling medium 301; and the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 inside the gas hood 4 can be completely collected at the top of the gas hood 4 after evaporation and extracted by the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5 at the top.

[0022] The gas collection hood 4 is a bottom-opening hood that covers the outside of the heating module 2. There is a gap between the bottom of the gas collection hood 4 and the inner bottom wall of the cooling box 1 to ensure that the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 in the cooling box 1 and the gas collection hood 4 can circulate with each other and promote the cooling circulation effect. Each heating module 2 is covered with a gas collection hood 4 to collect the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium generated by the heating module 2. The gas collection hood 4 is upside down on the outside of the heating module 2 and its interior is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium 301. The top of the gas collection hood 4 is a cavity that can accommodate the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium. When the heating module 2 is running, it generates heat, which causes the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 around it to boil and change phase. The gaseous phase change cooling medium generated by evaporation will accumulate in the cavity at the top of the gas collection hood 4.

[0023] The multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5 has its inlet and outlet ends connected to the top of the gas collection hood 4 and the interior of the cooling box 1, respectively, for condensing the high-temperature medium and re-draining it into the cooling box 1. Specifically, the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5 includes an exhaust pipe 501, a first solenoid valve 502, a main pipe 503, a second circulation pump 504, a second condenser 505, and a condenser diversion drain pipe 506. The number of exhaust pipes 501 is the same as the number of gas collection hoods 4, and the air inlet end of the bottom end is connected to the top of the corresponding gas collection hood 4 and communicates with the interior of the gas collection hood 4. The top ends of the multiple exhaust pipes 501 are all connected to the main pipe 503, and a first solenoid valve 502 that can control its flow is fixedly installed on each exhaust pipe 501. When the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 in the gas collection hood 4 absorbs heat and boils to cool and dissipate heat on the heat-generating module 2, the gaseous phase change cooling medium in the gas collection hood 4 can enter the second circulation pump 504 through the exhaust pipe 501 and the main pipe 503 at the top, and then be drawn into the second condenser 505 by the second circulation pump 504. The end of the main pipe 503 away from the exhaust pipe 501 is connected to the inlet end of the second circulation pump 504, and the inlet and outlet of the second condenser 505 are respectively connected between the outlet end of the second circulation pump 504 and the inlet end of the condenser diversion drain pipe 506. The diversion end of the condenser diversion drain pipe 506 is inserted through the bottom of the cooling medium 3. Specifically, the second circulation pump 504, through the main pipe 503 and exhaust pipe 501, draws the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium from the top of each gas collecting hood 4 into the second condenser 505. The second condenser 505 re-condenses the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium into a low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium, which is then discharged back into the bottom of the cooling box 1 through the condenser branch drain pipe 506, mixing with the original liquid phase change cooling medium 301 inside. Furthermore, each exhaust pipe 501 at the top of each gas collecting hood 4 is fixedly equipped with a first solenoid valve 502 that controls its flow. Initially, the first solenoid valves 502 on the exhaust pipes 501 at the top of all gas collecting hoods 4 are open by default (the opening can be set to a certain degree), and each first solenoid valve 502 can be controlled independently. The opening and closing degree of the corresponding first solenoid valve 502 is adjusted according to the heating degree of each heating module 2 and the temperature of the top cavity of each gas collecting hood 4. When the temperature of the top cavity of a certain gas collecting hood 4 is too high, it proves that the heat generation of the heating module 2 inside it is large. Therefore, the first solenoid valve 502 corresponding to the gas collecting hood 4 can be controlled to open to the maximum flow state. At the same time, the first solenoid valves 502 corresponding to other heating modules 2 with less heat generation can be controlled to close a small part. This can increase the flow rate of the exhaust pipe 501 corresponding to the heating module 2 with large heat generation. When the second circulation pump 504 is running, it increases the gas flow rate in the exhaust pipe 501, thereby quickly extracting the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium in the gas collecting hood 4 into the second condenser 505 and improving the active cooling efficiency of the heating module 2.

[0024] In one optional embodiment, the number of branch pipes of the condenser branch drain pipe 506 is the same as the number of heating modules 2, and the outlets of the branch ends face downwards of multiple gas collection hoods 4 respectively. The low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium generated by condensation in the second condenser 505 can be discharged to the bottom of the cooling box 1 through the condenser branch drain pipe 506, and can be accurately discharged to the bottom of each heating module 2 through each branch port, thereby improving the efficient cooling of the heating module 2 and enabling the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 in the area between the heating module 2 and the gas collection hood 4 to circulate, ensuring that the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 around the heating module 2 is in a medium-low temperature state, thus improving the cooling effect. Each of the multiple branch outlets of the condenser branch drain pipe 506 is fixedly equipped with a throttle valve 9 that controls the liquid output. The throttle valve 9 operates in the same way as the first solenoid valve 502. The liquid output rate of each heating module 2 can be controlled by the throttle valve 9, so that the throttle valve 9 corresponding to the heating module 2 with a large heat output is opened to the maximum rate, thereby increasing the discharge of the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium corresponding to the heating module 2 with a large heat output, and improving the cooling efficiency of the heating module 2. Through the efficient discharge of the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium at the top and the rapid supply of the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium at the bottom, a dual cooling effect can be achieved, thereby rapidly cooling the heating module 2 with a large heat output.

[0025] The multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism 6 includes a heat exchanger 601, an inlet pipe 602, and an outlet pipe 603. The heat exchanger 601 is positioned above the heating module 2, and its inlet end is connected to the inlet pipe 602. The outlet pipe 603 is connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger 601. The multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism 6 is connected in parallel with the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5. It can further improve the cooling efficiency of the entire system without affecting the operation of the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 6. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 601 is horizontally fixed in the cavity at the top of the gas collecting hood 4. The heat generated by the heating module 2 causes the surrounding liquid phase change cooling medium 301 to absorb heat and boil, generating a high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium. The density of the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium is less than that of air, so it can rise to the top of the gas collecting hood 4. The heat exchanger 601 is horizontally set in the cavity inside the gas collecting hood 4, and the area of ​​the heat exchanger 601 accounts for 70%-90% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the top of the gas collecting hood 4. Therefore, most of the generated high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium must pass through the heat exchanger 601. The heat exchanger 601 can exchange heat and cool down the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium, and can make some of the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium recool back to liquid and drip back into the cooling box 1. The number of multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms 6 is the same as the number of heating modules 2, and the multiple liquid outlet pipes 603 in the multiple multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms 6 are interconnected. The end of the multiple liquid outlet pipes 603 away from the heat exchanger 601 is connected to the main pipe 503. The liquid inlet pipe 602 at the liquid inlet end of each heat exchanger 601 is connected to multiple branch ends of the condenser branch drain pipe 506. The multiple liquid inlet pipes 602 and liquid outlet pipes 603 are all installed on the side of the gas collection hood 4, and the installation parts are sealed to prevent the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium in the gas collection hood 4 from leaking out from the gaps and avoid waste. Furthermore, liquid phase change cooling medium 301 also circulates within heat exchanger 601. Heat exchanger 601 is connected in parallel to the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5 via inlet pipe 602 and outlet pipe 603. Therefore, when the second circulation pump 504 is running, it can also draw the liquid phase change cooling medium that has absorbed heat and increased in temperature in heat exchanger 601 into the second condenser 505 through outlet pipe 603. After condensation, it becomes a low-temperature liquid and flows back into heat exchanger 601 through condenser branch drain pipe 506 and inlet pipe 602, thus forming a closed loop. This loop can continuously cool the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium in gas collection hood 4, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency of the entire system.

[0026] The zoned temperature-controlled injection mechanism 7 includes a diversion liquid extraction pipe 701, a first circulation pump 702, a first condenser 703, an injector 704, and a diversion injection pipe 705. The diversion inlet end of the diversion liquid extraction pipe 701 is respectively inserted between several heating modules 2 and the external gas collection hood 4 and is connected to the inlet end of the first circulation pump 702. The diversion ends of the diversion liquid extraction pipe 701 are respectively inserted in the middle of the side of several gas collection hoods 4 and correspond to the middle of the internal heating modules 2. The first condenser 703 is connected between the outlet end of the first circulation pump 702 and the inlet end of the injector 704. The diversion injection pipe 705 is connected to the outlet end of the injector 704 and its multiple diversion ends are respectively arranged below several heating modules 2. The multiple branch ends of the diversion suction pipe 701 are respectively inserted through the sides of the multiple gas collection hoods 4 and communicate with the interior of the gas collection hoods 4. Each branch end of the diversion suction pipe 701 is fixedly equipped with a second solenoid valve 10 that can control the flow of each branch end individually. The flow of each branch end can be controlled by the second solenoid valve 10, so that the liquid phase change cooling medium around one or all of the heating modules 2 can be selected for suction as needed. The multiple branch spray pipes 705 are inserted into the bottom of the cooling medium 3 and are vertically corresponding to the multiple heating modules 2. Each branch end of the diversion spray pipe 705 is fixedly equipped with a third solenoid valve 11 that controls the flow of each branch end individually. The third solenoid valve 11 can control the flow of each branch end individually, and the second solenoid valve 10 and the third solenoid valve 11 corresponding to each heating module 2 are controlled synchronously, so as to facilitate the individual control of the spray circuit outside each heating module 2.

[0027] Specifically, when the first circulating pump 702 is running, it can draw the boiling liquid phase change cooling medium 301 around each heating module 2 into the first condenser 703 through the diversion pumping pipe 701 for condensation. This directly cools the high-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium around the heating module 2 that has not yet been converted into a high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium. The first condenser 703 condenses the high-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium into a low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium and delivers it to the ejector 704. The ejector 704 can spray the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium from the diversion spray pipe 705. The liquid flow nozzle 705 sprays out from the flow end; and the multiple flow ends of the flow nozzle 705 are respectively located below the multiple heating modules 2 and correspond to the bottom of the heating modules 2, and the outlets of the flow ends of the flow nozzle 705 all face upward. Therefore, the injector 704 sprays the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium from each flow end of the flow nozzle 705 to the bottom of the multiple heating modules 2, so that the low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium can be directly sprayed around the heating modules 2, thereby directional cooling of the heating modules 2, and also promoting the flow of liquid phase change cooling medium in the gas collection hood 4, improving its cooling efficiency.

[0028] The temperature sensor group 8 includes a first temperature sensor 801 and a second temperature sensor 802. The first temperature sensor 801 is fixedly installed on the outside of the heating module 2, and the second temperature sensor 802 is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the gas collection hood 4, for real-time temperature monitoring of the heating module 2 and the inner top of the gas collection hood 4. In one optional embodiment, the number of temperature sensor groups 8 is the same as the number of heating modules 2 and gas collection hoods 4, and each temperature sensor group 8 is fixedly installed on each heating module 2 and the corresponding external gas collection hood 4; multiple first temperature sensors 801 and second temperature sensors 802 are electrically connected to an external control unit, which can monitor the temperature of the heating module 2 and the top cavity of the gas collection hood in real time, so that the entire system can be adjusted according to the temperature of each part.

[0029] Injection tube 12, as attached Figure 2 As shown, a valve 13 for controlling its flow is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the side of the cooling box 1. The number of liquid injection pipes 12 is the same as the number of heating modules 2. Each liquid injection pipe 12 corresponds to the bottom of multiple heating modules 2. The liquid injection pipes 12 can be connected to external pipes. When the content of liquid phase change cooling medium 301 in the cooling box 1 decreases, liquid phase change cooling medium 301 can be added to the cooling box 1 through the liquid injection pipes 12. The liquid injection pipes 12 correspond to the bottom of multiple heating modules 2. The liquid phase change cooling medium 301 injected into the cooling box 1 can directly rush to the bottom of the heating module 2, promoting the circulation of liquid around the heating module 2.

[0030] The first solenoid valve 502, the second circulating pump 504, the second condenser 505, the first circulating pump 702, the first condenser 703, the ejector 704, the first temperature sensor 801, the second temperature sensor 802, the throttle valve 9, the second solenoid valve 10, and the third solenoid valve 11 are all electrically connected to the external control unit and are electrically connected to the external circuit through wires. The adjustment of each component can be controlled by the control unit.

[0031] The specific operating steps of this multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control are as follows: 1. Ensure that sufficient liquid phase change cooling medium 301 is injected into the cooling box 1, and the liquid level must completely submerge all heating modules 2, and form a covering oil layer 302 above the liquid surface outside the gas collection hood 4. The first temperature sensor 801 and the second temperature sensor 802 monitor the surface temperature of each heating module 2 and the temperature of the corresponding cavity at the top of the gas collection hood 4 in real time, and feed the data back to the control unit. 2. The control unit starts the second circulation pump 504, which generates negative pressure in the main pipeline 503. Under the action of pressure difference, the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium is drawn from the cavity at the top of each gas collection hood 4 into the exhaust pipe 501. After being collected in the main pipeline 503, it enters the second condenser 505. The second condenser 505 condenses the high-temperature gaseous medium into a low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium. The condensed low-temperature liquid enters the condenser branch drain pipe 506. By preset or based on the initial temperature feedback, the opening of the throttle valve 9 on each branch pipe is controlled, so that the low-temperature liquid is sprayed back from below each heating module 2 to the bottom of the cooling box 1, completing the main circulation. 3. At the same time, a portion of the low-temperature liquid from the condenser branch drain pipe 506 enters the heat exchanger 601 at the top of the corresponding gas collection hood 4 through the inlet pipe 602 on each branch. The low-temperature liquid flows in the heat exchanger 601 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature gaseous medium passing through its surface. It absorbs heat to pre-condense some of the steam. The liquid that has absorbed heat and heated up flows out from the outlet pipe 603 and merges into the main pipe 503. Together with the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium in the exhaust pipe 501, it is sent to the second condenser 505 for re-cooling, forming an auxiliary circulation loop. 4. When the second temperature sensor 802 of a certain zone detects that the temperature of the cavity at the top of the gas collection hood 4 is higher than the set threshold, it indicates that the load of the heating module 2 in that area is high and the amount of steam generated is large. The control unit will increase the opening of the first solenoid valve 502 on the exhaust pipe 501 corresponding to this zone to increase the steam suction flow rate and accelerate the removal of high temperature steam; and simultaneously increase the opening of the throttle valve 9 on the branch pipe of the condenser branch drain pipe 506 corresponding to this zone to increase the supply of low temperature coolant to the bottom of the heating module 2 and enhance bottom cooling. 5. If, after the above adjustments, the first temperature sensor 801 of a certain zone detects that the surface temperature of the heating module 2 remains higher than the higher set threshold, or the temperature rise rate is too fast, it indicates severe local overheating and requires more proactive intervention. Therefore, the control unit will activate the second solenoid valve 10 on the branch of the diversion extraction pipe 701 corresponding to the overheated zone, and the third solenoid valve 11 on the branch of the diversion spray pipe 705 corresponding to the diversion zone. Then, the first circulation pump 702 will be started to directly extract the heated liquid phase change cooling medium from around the corresponding heating module 2 and... The first condenser 703 rapidly condenses to a low temperature. The low-temperature liquid phase change cooling medium is pressurized by the ejector 704 and sprayed at high speed through the opened branch of the split spray pipe 705 to the bottom surface of the corresponding heating module 2, achieving forced convection and impact cooling, and strongly suppressing the local hot spot. This spray cycle can operate independently of the main / auxiliary circuit and achieve precise targeted cooling only for the overheated zone. When the temperature of the zone drops to a safe range, the control unit can close the corresponding second solenoid valve 10 and third solenoid valve 11 to stop the spray cycle of the zone. 6. During normal operation, the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5, the multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism 6, and the zoned temperature control injection mechanism 7 can work in coordination or independently according to the heat load. High-load scenario: All loops operate at full power, the multi-loop main cooling mechanism 5 handles most of the steam, the multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism 6 enhances top condensation, and the zoned temperature-controlled injection mechanism 7 copes with randomly occurring extreme hot spots; Partial load or fault redundancy scenario: For example, if the second condenser 505 or the second circulation pump 504 needs maintenance or fails, the control unit can close the first solenoid valve 502 of the main circuit. The system can rely on the partition temperature control injection mechanism 7 to form an independent liquid forced circulation to maintain basic cooling capacity and prevent the system from completely failing. 7. After long-term operation, if the overall liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium 301 in the cooling box 1 is detected to drop, it can be replenished through the injection pipe 12. Open the valve 13 corresponding to the position where liquid needs to be replenished, and the liquid phase change cooling medium in the external storage tank will be directly injected into the bottom area of ​​the heating module 2 through the injection pipe 12 to promote local liquid renewal and mixing.

[0032] The above description is only for illustrating the present invention and should be understood as not being limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications that conform to the spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control, characterized in that, include: The cooling box (1) has multiple heating modules (2) fixedly installed inside and is filled with a cooling medium (3) that can cool the heating modules (2). The gas collection hood (4) is a bottom-opening hood that covers the outside of the heating module (2) and is used to collect the high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium generated by the heating module (2). The multi-loop main cooling mechanism (5) is connected between the top of the gas collection shroud (4) and the interior of the cooling box (1) for condensing the high-temperature medium and re-draining it into the cooling box (1); A multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism (6) is connected in parallel with a multi-loop main cooling mechanism (5); The zoned temperature control injection mechanism (7) includes a diversion pump pipe (701), a first circulation pump (702), a first condenser (703), an injector (704), and a diversion injection pipe (705). The diversion pump pipe (701) is connected between the inside of the gas collection hood (4) and the first circulation pump (702). The first condenser (703) is connected between the first circulation pump (702) and the injector (704). The diversion injection pipe (705) is connected to the outlet end of the injector (704), and its diversion end is located below multiple heating modules (2). Temperature sensor group (8) is installed on the heating module (2) and the gas collection hood (4) to monitor the temperature of the top of the heating module (2) and the gas collection hood (4) in real time. The liquid injection pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side of the cooling box (1), and a valve (13) for controlling its flow is fixedly installed inside it.

2. The multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling medium (3) includes a liquid phase change cooling medium (301) and a covering oil (302). The liquid phase change cooling medium (301) fills the interior of the cooling box (1) and wraps the exterior of the heating module (2). The liquid level of the liquid phase change cooling medium (301) is higher than the top of the heating module (2). The covering oil (302) covers the top of the liquid phase change cooling medium (301) and is located between the gas collection hood (4) and the cooling box (1).

3. The multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas collection hood (4) is upside down on the outside of the heating module (2) and its interior is filled with liquid phase change cooling medium (301). The top of the gas collection hood (4) is a cavity that can accommodate high-temperature gaseous phase change cooling medium.

4. The multi-loop non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-loop main cooling mechanism (5) includes an exhaust pipe (501), a first solenoid valve (502), a main pipe (503), a second circulation pump (504), a second condenser (505), and a condenser branch drain pipe (506). The number of exhaust pipes (501) is the same as the number of gas collection hoods (4), and the bottom air inlet end is connected to the top of the corresponding gas collection hood (4) and communicates with the inside of the gas collection hood (4). The top ends of the multiple exhaust pipes (501) are all connected to the main pipe (503), and each exhaust pipe (501) is fixedly equipped with a first solenoid valve (502) that can control its flow.

5. A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the main pipe (503) away from the exhaust pipe (501) is connected to the inlet end of the second circulation pump (504), and the inlet and outlet of the second condenser (505) are respectively connected between the outlet end of the second circulation pump (504) and the inlet end of the condenser diversion drain pipe (506). The diversion end of the condenser diversion drain pipe (506) is inserted through the bottom of the cooling medium (3).

6. A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of branch pipes of the condenser branch drain pipe (506) is the same as the number of heating modules (2), and the branch outlets are respectively facing the bottom of multiple gas collection hoods (4). Throttling valves (9) that can control the liquid output are fixedly installed at the multiple branch outlets of the condenser branch drain pipe (506).

7. A multi-loop, non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanism (6) includes a heat exchanger (601), an inlet pipe (602), and an outlet pipe (603). The heat exchanger (601) is located above the heating module (2) and its inlet end is connected to the inlet pipe (602). The outlet pipe (603) is connected to the outlet end of the heat exchanger (601). The heat exchanger (601) is horizontally fixed in the cavity at the top of the gas collection hood (4). The number of multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms (6) is the same as the number of heating modules (2), and the multiple outlet pipes (603) in the multiple multi-loop auxiliary cooling mechanisms (6) are interconnected. The end of the multiple outlet pipes (603) away from the heat exchanger (601) is connected to the main pipe (504). The inlet pipe (602) at the inlet end of each heat exchanger (601) is connected to multiple branch ends of the condenser branch drain pipe (506).

8. A multi-loop, non-enclosed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple branch ends of the diversion pumping pipe (701) are respectively installed on the sides of the multiple gas collecting hoods (4) and communicate with the interior of the gas collecting hoods (4). The multiple branch ends of the diversion pumping pipe (701) are all fixedly installed with a second solenoid valve (10) that can control the flow of each branch end individually. The multiple branch spraying ends of the diversion spraying pipe (705) are all inserted into the bottom of the cooling medium (3) and are vertically corresponding to the multiple heating modules (2). The multiple branch ends of the diversion spraying pipe (705) are all fixedly installed with a third solenoid valve (11) that controls the flow of each branch end individually.

9. A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor group (8) includes a first temperature sensor (801) and a second temperature sensor (802). The first temperature sensor (801) is fixedly installed on the outside of the heating module (2), and the second temperature sensor (802) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the gas collection hood (4). The number of temperature sensor groups (8) is the same as the number of heating modules (2) and gas collection hoods (4), and each temperature sensor group (8) is fixedly installed on each heating module (2) and the corresponding external gas collection hood (4).

10. A multi-loop, non-closed phase change immersion cooling system with zoned temperature control according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the inlet pipe (602) away from the heat exchanger (601) is connected to the branch end of the condenser branch drain pipe (506) and is located on the side of the throttle valve (9) away from the branch end outlet, so that the low temperature liquid phase change cooling medium discharged from the second condenser (505) flows into the inlet pipe (602).

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