Trace element premix for improving eggshell quality
By preparing a trace element premix that improves eggshell quality, using specific raw materials and complex processes, the problem of declining eggshell quality in the later stages of egg production in laying hens was solved, resulting in increased egg production rate and enhanced eggshell strength.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511970669.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively improve eggshell quality in the later stages of egg production, resulting in a high breakage rate and affecting egg production and economic benefits.
A trace element premix for improving eggshell quality is produced by combining raw materials such as mulberry leaf powder, Schizochytrium powder, eggplant stalk, Vitex negundo fruit, Vitex negundo root, Spartina alterniflora, Moringa seeds, Ink leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder with compound microbial agents, compound vitamins, and compound amino acids. The mixture is prepared through processes such as hot-press extraction, ultrasonic dispersion, fermentation, plasma treatment, and pulsed magnetic field ultrasonic oscillation to form easily absorbed trace elements and beneficial components.
It significantly improves egg production rate and eggshell quality in laying hens, reduces breakage rate, and enhances the immunity and egg production performance of laying hens.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0005758870040000081 
Figure BDA0005758870040000091
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a trace element premix for improving eggshell quality. It belongs to the field of feed processing technology. Background Technology
[0002] Eggs are rich in protein, phospholipids, various vitamins, calcium, iron, and other essential nutrients, making them a balanced and ideal nutritional supplement. An egg consists of the outer shell and the contents inside, primarily the egg white and yolk. The eggshell's main function is to protect the egg white and yolk from damage; its main component is calcium carbonate, and it has a porous structure.
[0003] Eggshell quality is very important. Egg breakage due to poor eggshell quality increases the difficulty of transportation and storage, resulting in huge economic losses. It also limits long-distance transportation and affects the development of egg-laying hen farming.
[0004] Many factors influence eggshell quality and color, such as genetics, age, nutrition, stress, disease, and medication. Especially in egg production, as hens age, egg production gradually declines. Furthermore, due to the continuous nature of egg production, the rate of ovarian oxidative aging is much higher than that of other organs, leading to a gradual decline in the physiological functions of the hen and a decrease in its metabolic capacity for calcium absorption. This results in lighter eggshell color and a higher rate of egg breakage.
[0005] Furthermore, modern poultry farming involves numerous environmental, immune, and pathogenic stimuli that lead to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body's tissues, accelerating the onset of the late laying period. Moreover, once laying hens enter their laying period, they expend a great deal of nutrition to meet maximum egg production, which can weaken their constitution and impair their immunity. This can result in outbreaks of latent pathogens within the hen's body and an increased rate of external disease infection, leading to higher mortality rates and significant economic losses for the egg-laying hen farming industry.
[0006] Currently, there is no dedicated feed for the later stages of egg production on the market. Commonly used egg-laying hen feed cannot meet the nutritional needs of hens in the later stages of egg production, and therefore has no effect on improving the decline in egg production rate and eggshell quality.
[0007] Patent CN118716493B discloses a feed additive for delaying or improving reproductive function aging in laying hens during the later stages of egg production. It is composed of chlorogenic acid, curcumin, astragalus polysaccharide, soy isoflavones, microbial agents, glucose oxidase, compound vitamins, compound amino acids, and maifanite powder. This patented feed additive primarily aims to improve reproductive function in laying hens during the later stages of egg production, showing a better mitigating effect on declining egg production rates. However, it does not significantly improve eggshell quality.
[0008] There is an urgent need for a feed additive suitable for the later stages of egg production in laying hens, which can simultaneously improve egg production rate and eggshell quality. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a trace element premix that improves eggshell quality. It is suitable for the later stages of egg production in laying hens and can simultaneously improve egg production rate and eggshell quality.
[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0011] 1. A trace element premix for improving eggshell quality, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-45 parts mulberry leaf powder, 38-42 parts *Schizochys edulis* powder, 30-35 parts eggplant stalk, 30-35 parts *Vitex negundo* fruit, 25-28 parts *Vitex negundo* root, 20-25 parts *Spartina alterniflora*, 20-25 parts *Moringa oleifera* seed, 20-25 parts *Imperata cylindrica* leaf powder, 20-25 parts tilapia bone powder, 20-25 parts crab shell powder, 15-20 parts compound microbial agent, and 8-10 parts compound vitamins. The mixture contains 2-3 parts of compound amino acids, 0.05-0.12 parts of iron glycine, 0.03-0.05 parts of ferrous lactate, 0.11-0.15 parts of zinc methionine, 0.05-0.07 parts of zinc propionate, 0.08-0.11 parts of manganese glycine, 0.07-0.09 parts of copper glycine, 0.07-0.09 parts of strontium citrate, 0.05-0.06 parts of cobalt methionine, 0.10-0.12 parts of calcium glutamate, and 0.05-0.07 parts of sodium selenite.
[0012] Preferably, the particle size of mulberry leaf powder, schistocytic algae powder, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder is 80-100 mesh.
[0013] Preferably, the compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of Clostridium butyricum, 8-10 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 8-10 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri, 7-8 parts of Lactobacillus helveticus, 6-7 parts of Candida utilis, 5-6 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and 3-4 parts of Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
[0014] Preferably, by weight, the complex vitamin is composed of the following components: 4-5 parts pantothenic acid, 3-4 parts biotin, 2-3 parts vitamin C, 2-3 parts niacin, 1-2 parts folic acid, 1-2 parts vitamin A, 1-2 parts vitamin E, 1-2 parts vitamin K3, 0.8-1 part vitamin B1, 0.8-1 part vitamin B2, 0.8-1 part vitamin B6, and 0.8-1 part vitamin B12.
[0015] Preferably, by weight, the complex amino acid is composed of the following components: 2-3 parts taurine, 1-2 parts serine, 0.8-1 parts cysteine, 0.8-1 parts lysine, 0.8-1 parts leucine, 0.7-0.9 parts glutamic acid, 0.5-0.6 parts glycine, 0.4-0.5 parts isoleucine, 0.4-0.5 parts alanine, 0.3-0.4 parts proline, and 0.3-0.4 parts threonine.
[0016] 2. The preparation method of the aforementioned trace element premix for improving eggshell quality includes the following specific steps:
[0017] (1) First, mix the formula amount of mulberry leaf powder, schistocerculia powder, eggplant stalk, vitex fruit, vitex root, rice grass, moringa seed, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder and crab shell powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder. Then, stir and disperse the mixed powder in 3 to 5 times its weight of water, and extract by hot pressing to obtain the extract and residue, which will be entered into steps (2) and (3) respectively.
[0018] (2) Add the formula amount of compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite to the extraction solution, and ultrasonically disperse them evenly to obtain a dispersion.
[0019] (3) Disperse the residue in water at 3 to 5 times its weight using ultrasonication, add half of the formula amount of compound bacterial agent, and ferment to obtain the fermentation product.
[0020] (4) The fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then mixed with the dispersion, the remaining amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and ultrasonic oscillation is performed under pulsed magnetic field conditions. The product is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain the premixed material.
[0021] Preferably, in step (1), the hot-press extraction conditions are: pressure 0.1-0.2 MPa, temperature 130-140°C, and time 1-2 hours.
[0022] Preferably, in step (2), the process conditions for uniform ultrasonic dispersion are: ultrasonic dispersion at 300-400W for 30-40 minutes.
[0023] Preferably, in step (3), the ultrasonic dispersion process conditions are: ultrasonic dispersion at 300-400W for 40-50 minutes; the fermentation process conditions are: temperature 30-35℃, rotation speed 180-200r / min, air ratio 1:2, and time 50-60 hours.
[0024] Preferably, in step (4), the plasma treatment process conditions are: the protective gas is nitrogen, the temperature is 10-15℃, the power is 400-500W, and the time is 3-4 minutes.
[0025] Preferably, in step (4), the pulse magnetic field conditions are: magnetic field strength 1-2T, pulse width 80-100ms, pulse frequency 30-40Hz, and number of pulses 8-10; the ultrasonic oscillation treatment conditions are: 600-700W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 40-50 minutes.
[0026] Preferably, in step (4), the process conditions for vacuum freeze drying are as follows: pre-cool to -30 to -40°C, transfer to a vacuum freeze dryer, evacuate to 3 to 5 Pa, heat up to 50 to 60°C at a uniform rate over 14 to 16 hours, and then cool naturally to room temperature.
[0027] 3. Application of the aforementioned trace element premix in feed processing to improve eggshell quality.
[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0029] This invention provides a trace element premix for improving eggshell quality, made from mulberry leaf powder, *Schizochys edulis* powder, eggplant stalks, *Vitex negundo* seeds, *Vitex negundo* roots, *Spartina alterniflora*, *Moringa oleifera* seeds, *Inula japonica* leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, crab shell powder, compound microbial agents, compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, sodium selenite, etc. This premix can be used in the processing of feed to improve eggshell quality, and is suitable for the later stages of egg production in laying hens, simultaneously increasing egg production rate and improving eggshell quality.
[0030] This invention introduces abundant and easily absorbed trace elements through raw materials such as iron glycinate, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycinate, copper glycinate, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite. Combined with compound vitamins and compound amino acids, it is beneficial to improve the immunity of laying hens in the later stage of egg production and improve egg production performance, thereby promoting the increase in egg production rate and the improvement of eggshell quality.
[0031] This invention introduces raw materials such as mulberry leaf powder, Schizochytrium powder, eggplant stalk, Vitex negundo fruit, Vitex negundo root, Spartina alterniflora, Moringa seeds, Ink leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder. Through extraction, fermentation and other operations, it promotes the release of chitin, chondroitin sulfate, collagen peptides, polysaccharides, and various anti-inflammatory molecules and beneficial small molecules, making them easier to absorb, improving the immunity of laying hens in the later stages of egg production, and improving egg production performance.
[0032] In preparation, the following steps are taken: First, the prescribed amounts of mulberry leaf powder, *Schizochys edulis* powder, eggplant stalk, *Vitex negundo* fruit, *Vitex negundo* root, *Spartina alterniflora*, *Moringa oleifera* seed, *Inula japonica* leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed powder. Then, the mixed powder is stirred and dispersed in 3-5 times its weight of water, and extracted by hot pressing to obtain an extract and residue. The prescribed amounts of compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite are added to the extract and ultrasonically dispersed evenly to obtain a dispersion. The residue is ultrasonically dispersed in 3-5 times its weight of water, half of the prescribed amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and fermentation is carried out to obtain a fermentation product. The fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then stirred and mixed with the dispersion, the remaining prescribed amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and ultrasonic oscillation treatment is carried out under pulsed magnetic field conditions. Finally, it is vacuum freeze-dried to obtain the final product. On the one hand, it facilitates the release of beneficial components; on the other hand, it protects vitamins, amino acids, probiotics, etc., preventing nutrient loss and ensuring the effectiveness of premixed feed. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. It should be noted that the following description is only for explaining the present invention and does not limit its content.
[0034] Refer to Example 1:
[0035] The compound microbial agent is made by mixing the following components: 5 kg of Clostridium butyricum, 4 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 4 kg of Lactobacillus reuteri, 3.5 kg of Lactobacillus helveticus, 3 kg of Candida utilis, 2.5 kg of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and 1.5 kg of Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
[0036] The multivitamin is composed of the following components: pantothenic acid 4kg, biotin 3kg, vitamin C 2kg, niacin 2kg, folic acid 1kg, vitamin A 1kg, vitamin E 1kg, vitamin K3 1kg, vitamin B1 0.8kg, vitamin B2 0.8kg, vitamin B6 0.8kg, and vitamin B12 0.8kg.
[0037] The complex amino acid is composed of the following components: taurine 2kg, serine 1kg, cysteine 0.8kg, lysine 0.8kg, leucine 0.8kg, glutamic acid 0.7kg, glycine 0.5kg, isoleucine 0.4kg, alanine 0.4kg, proline 0.3kg, and threonine 0.3kg.
[0038] Refer to Example 2:
[0039] The compound microbial agent is made by mixing the following components: 6 kg of Clostridium butyricum, 5 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 5 kg of Lactobacillus reuteri, 4 kg of Lactobacillus helveticus, 3.5 kg of Candida utilis, 3 kg of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and 2 kg of Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
[0040] A multivitamin is composed of the following components: pantothenic acid 5kg, biotin 4kg, vitamin C 3kg, niacin 3kg, folic acid 2kg, vitamin A 2kg, vitamin E 2kg, vitamin K3 2kg, vitamin B1 1kg, vitamin B2 1kg, vitamin B6 1kg, and vitamin B12 1kg.
[0041] The complex amino acid is composed of the following components: taurine 3kg, serine 2kg, cysteine 1kg, lysine 1kg, leucine 1kg, glutamic acid 0.9kg, glycine 0.6kg, isoleucine 0.5kg, alanine 0.5kg, proline 0.4kg, and threonine 0.4kg.
[0042] Refer to Example 3:
[0043] The compound microbial agent is made by mixing the following components: Clostridium butyricum 5.5kg, Bacillus licheniformis 4.5kg, Lactobacillus reuteri 4.5kg, Lactobacillus helveticus 3.8kg, Candida utilis 3.3kg, Lactobacillus acidophilus 2.8kg, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus 1.8kg.
[0044] The multivitamin is composed of the following components: pantothenic acid 4.5kg, biotin 3.5kg, vitamin C 2.5kg, niacin 2.5kg, folic acid 1.5kg, vitamin A 1.5kg, vitamin E 1.5kg, vitamin K3 1.5kg, vitamin B1 0.9kg, vitamin B2 0.9kg, vitamin B6 0.9kg, and vitamin B12 0.9kg.
[0045] The compound amino acid is composed of the following components: taurine 2.5kg, serine 1.5kg, cysteine 0.9kg, lysine 0.9kg, leucine 0.9kg, glutamic acid 0.8kg, glycine 0.5kg, isoleucine 0.45kg, alanine 0.4kg, proline 0.35kg, and threonine 0.35kg.
[0046] Example 1:
[0047] A trace element premix for improving eggshell quality is made from the following raw materials: 40 kg of mulberry leaf powder, 38 kg of Schizochytrium powder, 30 kg of eggplant stalks, 30 kg of Vitex negundo fruit, 25 kg of Vitex negundo root, 20 kg of Spartina alterniflora, 20 kg of Moringa seeds, 20 kg of Reed leaf powder, 20 kg of tilapia bone powder, 20 kg of crab shell powder, 15 kg of compound microbial agent (refer to Example 1), 8 kg of compound vitamins (refer to Example 1), 2 kg of compound amino acids (refer to Example 1), 0.05 kg of iron glycine, 0.03 kg of ferrous lactate, 0.11 kg of zinc methionine, 0.05 kg of zinc propionate, 0.08 kg of manganese glycine, 0.07 kg of copper glycine, 0.07 kg of strontium citrate, 0.05 kg of cobalt methionine, 0.10 kg of calcium glutamate, and 0.05 kg of sodium selenite.
[0048] The particle size of mulberry leaf powder, spirea powder, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder is 80 mesh.
[0049] The preparation method of the aforementioned trace element premix for improving eggshell quality includes the following specific steps:
[0050] (1) First, mix the mulberry leaf powder, schistocerculia powder, eggplant stalk, vitex fruit, vitex root, rice grass, moringa seed, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder and crab shell powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder. Then, stir and disperse the mixed powder in water with three times its weight, and extract by hot pressing to obtain the extract and residue, which will be processed into steps (2) and (3) respectively.
[0051] (2) Add the formula amount of compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite to the extraction solution, and ultrasonically disperse them evenly to obtain a dispersion.
[0052] (3) Disperse the residue in water at three times its weight using ultrasonication, add half of the formula amount of compound bacterial agent, and ferment to obtain the fermentation product.
[0053] (4) The fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then mixed with the dispersion, the remaining amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and ultrasonic oscillation is performed under pulsed magnetic field conditions. The product is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain the premixed material.
[0054] In step (1), the hot-press extraction conditions are: pressure 0.1 MPa, temperature 130℃, and time 1 hour.
[0055] In step (2), the process conditions for uniform ultrasonic dispersion are: ultrasonic dispersion at 300W for 30 minutes.
[0056] In step (3), the ultrasonic dispersion process conditions are: 300W ultrasonic dispersion for 40 minutes; the fermentation process conditions are: temperature 30℃, rotation speed 180r / min, air ratio 1:2, and time 50 hours.
[0057] In step (4), the plasma treatment process conditions are: protective gas is nitrogen, temperature is 10℃, power is 400W, and time is 3 minutes.
[0058] In step (4), the pulse magnetic field conditions are: magnetic field strength 1T, pulse width 80ms, pulse frequency 30Hz, and number of pulses 8; the ultrasonic oscillation treatment conditions are: 600W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 40 minutes.
[0059] In step (4), the process conditions for vacuum freeze drying are as follows: pre-cool to -30°C, transfer to a vacuum freeze dryer, evacuate to 3Pa, heat to 50°C at a uniform rate over 14 hours, and then cool naturally to room temperature.
[0060] Example 2:
[0061] A trace element premix for improving eggshell quality is made from the following raw materials: 45 kg of mulberry leaf powder, 42 kg of Schizochytrium powder, 35 kg of eggplant stalks, 35 kg of Vitex negundo fruit, 28 kg of Vitex negundo root, 25 kg of Spartina alterniflora, 25 kg of Moringa seeds, 25 kg of Reed leaf powder, 25 kg of tilapia bone powder, 25 kg of crab shell powder, 20 kg of compound microbial agent (refer to Example 2), 10 kg of compound vitamins (refer to Example 2), 3 kg of compound amino acids (refer to Example 2), 0.12 kg of iron glycine, 0.05 kg of ferrous lactate, 0.15 kg of zinc methionine, 0.07 kg of zinc propionate, 0.11 kg of manganese glycine, 0.09 kg of copper glycine, 0.09 kg of strontium citrate, 0.06 kg of cobalt methionine, 0.12 kg of calcium glutamate, and 0.07 kg of sodium selenite.
[0062] The particle size of mulberry leaf powder, spirea powder, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder is 100 mesh.
[0063] The preparation method of the aforementioned trace element premix for improving eggshell quality includes the following specific steps:
[0064] (1) First, mix the mulberry leaf powder, schistocerculia powder, eggplant stalk, vitex fruit, vitex root, rice grass, moringa seed, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder and crab shell powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder. Then, stir and disperse the mixed powder in 5 times its weight of water, and extract by hot pressing to obtain the extract and residue, which will be entered into steps (2) and (3) respectively.
[0065] (2) Add the formula amount of compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite to the extraction solution, and ultrasonically disperse them evenly to obtain a dispersion.
[0066] (3) Disperse the residue in water at 5 times its weight using ultrasonication, add half of the formula amount of compound bacterial agent, and ferment to obtain the fermentation product.
[0067] (4) The fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then mixed with the dispersion, the remaining amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and ultrasonic oscillation is performed under pulsed magnetic field conditions. The product is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain the premixed material.
[0068] In step (1), the hot-press extraction conditions are: pressure 0.2 MPa, temperature 140℃, and time 2 hours.
[0069] In step (2), the process conditions for uniform ultrasonic dispersion are: ultrasonic dispersion at 400W for 40 minutes.
[0070] In step (3), the ultrasonic dispersion process conditions are: 400W ultrasonic dispersion for 50 minutes; the fermentation process conditions are: temperature 35℃, rotation speed 200r / min, air ratio 1:2, and time 60 hours.
[0071] In step (4), the plasma treatment process conditions are: nitrogen as the protective gas, temperature 15℃, power 500W, and time 4 minutes.
[0072] In step (4), the pulse magnetic field conditions are: magnetic field strength 2T, pulse width 100ms, pulse frequency 40Hz, and number of pulses 10; the ultrasonic oscillation treatment conditions are: 700W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 50 minutes.
[0073] In step (4), the process conditions for vacuum freeze drying are as follows: pre-cool to -40°C, transfer to a vacuum freeze dryer, evacuate to 5Pa, heat up to 60°C at a uniform rate over 16 hours, and then cool naturally to room temperature.
[0074] Example 3:
[0075] A trace element premix for improving eggshell quality is made from the following raw materials: 42 kg of mulberry leaf powder, 40 kg of Schizochytrium powder, 33 kg of eggplant stalks, 33 kg of Vitex negundo fruit, 27 kg of Vitex negundo root, 23 kg of Spartina alterniflora, 22 kg of Moringa seeds, 22 kg of Reed leaf powder, 21 kg of tilapia bone powder, 21 kg of crab shell powder, 18 kg of compound microbial agent (refer to Example 3), 9 kg of compound vitamins (refer to Example 3), 2.5 kg of compound amino acids (refer to Example 3), 0.1 kg of iron glycine, 0.04 kg of ferrous lactate, 0.12 kg of zinc methionine, 0.06 kg of zinc propionate, 0.09 kg of manganese glycine, 0.08 kg of copper glycine, 0.08 kg of strontium citrate, 0.06 kg of cobalt methionine, 0.11 kg of calcium glutamate, and 0.06 kg of sodium selenite.
[0076] The particle size of mulberry leaf powder, schistocytic algae powder, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder is 90 mesh.
[0077] The preparation method of the aforementioned trace element premix for improving eggshell quality includes the following specific steps:
[0078] (1) First, mix the mulberry leaf powder, schistocerculia powder, eggplant stalk, vitex fruit, vitex root, rice grass, moringa seed, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder and crab shell powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder. Then, stir and disperse the mixed powder in water with 4 times its weight, and extract by hot pressing to obtain the extract and residue, which will be entered into steps (2) and (3) respectively.
[0079] (2) Add the formula amount of compound vitamins, compound amino acids, iron glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycine, copper glycine, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite to the extraction solution, and ultrasonically disperse them evenly to obtain a dispersion.
[0080] (3) Disperse the residue in water at 4 times its weight using ultrasonication, add half of the formula amount of compound bacterial agent, and ferment to obtain the fermentation product.
[0081] (4) The fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then mixed with the dispersion, the remaining amount of compound bacterial agent is added, and ultrasonic oscillation is performed under pulsed magnetic field conditions. The product is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain the premixed material.
[0082] In step (1), the hot-press extraction conditions are: pressure 0.2 MPa, temperature 135℃, and time 1.5 hours.
[0083] In step (2), the process conditions for uniform ultrasonic dispersion are: ultrasonic dispersion at 400W for 35 minutes.
[0084] In step (3), the ultrasonic dispersion process conditions are: 400W ultrasonic dispersion for 45 minutes; the fermentation process conditions are: temperature 33℃, rotation speed 190r / min, air ratio 1:2, and time 55 hours.
[0085] In step (4), the plasma treatment process conditions are: nitrogen as the protective gas, temperature 12℃, power 500W, and time 3 minutes.
[0086] In step (4), the pulse magnetic field conditions are: magnetic field strength 1T, pulse width 90ms, pulse frequency 35Hz, and number of pulses 9; the ultrasonic oscillation treatment conditions are: 700W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 45 minutes.
[0087] In step (4), the process conditions for vacuum freeze drying are as follows: pre-cool to -35°C, transfer to a vacuum freeze dryer, evacuate to 4Pa, heat to 55°C at a uniform rate over 15 hours, and then cool naturally to room temperature.
[0088] Comparative Example 1
[0089] The powder of *Schizochytrium* was omitted from the raw materials, and the rest were the same as in Example 1.
[0090] Comparative Example 2
[0091] The Vitex negundo root was omitted from the raw materials, and the rest were the same as in Example 1.
[0092] Comparative Example 3
[0093] The plasma treatment of the fermentation products was omitted during preparation, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.
[0094] Comparative Example 4
[0095] The pulsed magnetic field condition was omitted during preparation, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.
[0096] Comparative Example 5
[0097] The formulation is the same as in Example 1.
[0098] Preparation method: Simply mix all the components in the formula until they are homogeneous.
[0099] Test case
[0100] The performance of the premixes obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were investigated respectively, and the specific methods are as follows:
[0101] Forty-fivety healthy Hy-Line Brown laying hens aged 55 weeks and in the late laying stage with similar egg production performance were randomly divided into nine groups. One group served as the control group, fed with laying hen feed (purchased from Henan Baisheng Feed Co., Ltd., LC65). The remaining eight groups were fed laying hen feed plus premixes obtained in Examples 1-3 or Comparative Examples 1-5, respectively, with the premixes added at 1% of the weight of the laying hen feed. The hens were free-range in a shed, fed twice daily (morning and evening), with free access to water, 16 hours of artificial lighting, a temperature of 23°C, and a relative humidity of 55%. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. After the experiment, mortality was recorded, and egg production rate, average egg weight, and broken egg rate were calculated. Thirty eggs were randomly selected from each group to test eggshell strength and thickness, and the average values were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0102] Egg production rate (%) = number of eggs produced / number of chickens × 100; average egg weight (g) = total egg weight / number of eggs produced; broken egg rate (%) = number of broken eggs / number of eggs produced × 100.
[0103] Eggshell strength was measured using an eggshell tester, and eggshell thickness was measured using an eggshell thickness measuring instrument.
[0104] Table 1. Comparison of Egg Production Performance
[0105]
[0106]
[0107] As shown in Table 1, the premixes obtained in Examples 1-3 can effectively improve the immunity and egg production performance of laying hens in the later stage of egg production, with low mortality, high egg production rate, low egg breakage rate, and high eggshell strength, thereby achieving both increased egg production rate and improved eggshell quality.
[0108] In Comparative Example 1, the powder of Schizochytrium was omitted from the raw materials; in Comparative Example 2, the root of Vitex negundo was omitted from the raw materials; in Comparative Example 3, the plasma treatment of the fermentation products was omitted during preparation; in Comparative Example 4, the pulsed magnetic field condition was omitted during preparation; and in Comparative Example 5, the components of the formula were directly mixed evenly. The number of laying hens that died increased, the egg production rate and average egg weight decreased significantly, and the broken egg rate increased. This shows that the combination of raw materials and the adjustment of the specific preparation method of the present invention work together to improve the feeding performance of the premix.
[0109] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A microelement premix for improving eggshell quality, characterized in that, is made from the following raw materials by weight: mulberry leaf powder 40-45 parts, schizochytrium powder 38-42 parts, eggplant stem 30-35 parts, Vitex negundo fruit 30-35 parts, Vitex negundo root 25-28 parts, rice grass 20-25 parts, Moringa oleifera seed 20-25 parts, bamboo leaf powder 20-25 parts, tilapia bone powder 20-25 parts, crab shell powder 20-25 parts, compound microbial agent 15-20 parts, compound vitamin 8-10 parts, compound amino acid 2-3 parts, ferric glycine 0.05-0.12 parts, ferrous lactate 0.03-0.05 parts, zinc methionine 0.11-0.15 parts, zinc propionate 0.05-0.07 parts, manganese glycinate 0.08-0.11 parts, copper glycinate 0.07-0.09 parts, strontium citrate 0.07-0.09 parts, cobalt methionine 0.05-0.06 parts, calcium glutamate 0.10-0.12 parts, and sodium selenite 0.05-0.07 parts.
2. The premix of claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial agent is made by mixing the following components by weight: Clostridium butyricum 10-12 parts, Bacillus licheniformis 8-10 parts, Lactobacillus reuteri 8-10 parts, Lactobacillus helveticus 7-8 parts, Candida utilis 6-7 parts, Lactobacillus acidophilus 5-6 parts, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus 3-4 parts.
3. The premix of claim 1, wherein, The compound vitamin is composed of the following components by weight: pantothenic acid 4-5 parts, biotin 3-4 parts, vitamin C 2-3 parts, niacin 2-3 parts, folic acid 1-2 parts, vitamin A 1-2 parts, vitamin E 1-2 parts, vitamin K3 1-2 parts, vitamin B1 0.8-1 part, vitamin B2 0.8-1 part, vitamin B6 0.8-1 part, and vitamin B12 0.8-1 part.
4. The premix of claim 1, wherein, The compound amino acid is composed of the following components by weight: taurine 2-3 parts, serine 1-2 parts, cysteine 0.8-1 part, lysine 0.8-1 part, leucine 0.8-1 part, glutamic acid 0.7-0.9 part, glycine 0.5-0.6 part, isoleucine 0.4-0.5 part, alanine 0.4-0.5 part, proline 0.3-0.4 part, and threonine 0.3-0.4 part.
5. Process for the preparation of the premix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: (1) First, mix the formula amount of mulberry leaf powder, schizochytrium powder, eggplant stem, Vitex negundo fruit, Vitex negundo root, rice grass, Moringa oleifera seed, bamboo leaf powder, tilapia bone powder, and crab shell powder uniformly to obtain a mixed powder, then stir and disperse the mixed powder in 3-5 times the weight of water, hot-press extract to obtain an extract and a residue, which are respectively subjected to step (2) and step (3); (2) Add the formula amount of compound vitamin, compound amino acid, ferric glycine, ferrous lactate, zinc methionine, zinc propionate, manganese glycinate, copper glycinate, strontium citrate, cobalt methionine, calcium glutamate, and sodium selenite to the extract, and ultrasonically disperse uniformly to obtain a dispersion; (3) Ultrasonically disperse the residue in 3-5 times the weight of water, add half of the formula amount of compound microbial agent, and ferment to obtain a fermentation product; (4) the fermentation product is subjected to plasma treatment, then mixed with the dispersion liquid, the remaining amount of the compound microbial inoculant is added, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic oscillation treatment under a pulsed magnetic field, and vacuum freeze-drying, to obtain the premix.
6. The production method according to claim 5, characterized by, In step (1), the hot-press extraction conditions are: pressure 0.1-0.2 MPa, temperature 130-140℃, and time 1-2 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), the uniform ultrasonic dispersion conditions are: 300-400 W ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 minutes.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), the ultrasonic dispersion conditions are: 300-400 W ultrasonic dispersion for 40-50 minutes; the fermentation conditions are: temperature 30-35℃, rotation speed 180-200 r / min, aeration ratio 1:2, and time 50-60 hours.
9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (4), the plasma treatment conditions are: nitrogen as the protective gas, temperature 10-15℃, power 400-500 W, and time 3-4 minutes; The pulsed magnetic field conditions are: magnetic field strength 1-2 T, pulse width 80-100 ms, pulse frequency 30-40 Hz, and pulse number 8-10; the ultrasonic oscillation treatment conditions are: 600-700 W ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 40-50 minutes; The vacuum freeze-drying conditions are: pre-cooling to -30--40℃, transfer to a vacuum freeze-drying machine, vacuum extraction to 3-5 Pa, uniform speed heating to 50-60℃ for 14-16 hours, and then natural cooling to room temperature.
10. Use of the trace element premix of any one of claims 1-4 in improving eggshell quality feed processing.