Abrasive flow finishing apparatus for metalworking machine manufacturing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of abrasive flow finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing, it is related to metalworking technical field, including support, the lower cylinder of upper opening is fixed in the support, the upper cylinder of lower opening is arranged on the lower cylinder, the lower cylinder and upper cylinder can form closed cavity when being pasted;Lower piston is slidably arranged in the lower cylinder, and upper piston is arranged in the upper cylinder;The inner ring is fixed in the upper part in the lower cylinder, the connecting ring is arranged in the inner ring, and the clamping block is arranged on the both sides of the connecting ring;The connecting pipe is arranged in the side wall of the lower cylinder and penetrates into it;The application can effectively remove burr, microscopic peak and valley, reduce surface roughness, and the cooperation design of sliding shaft and rotating shaft makes the radial clamping force provided by clamping hydraulic cylinder be kept during angle adjustment process of workpiece, so as to ensure the stability and safety of processing process.

Description

Abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing technology, specifically to an abrasive finishing processing equipment used in the manufacture of metal processing machinery. Background Technology

[0002] In high-end equipment manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments, medical devices, and other fields, the surface quality and integrity of metal parts are key factors determining product performance, reliability, and lifespan. Precision surface finishing technology aims to remove microscopic defects and burrs from the surface of parts, reduce roughness, and introduce beneficial residual compressive stress, thereby significantly improving the fatigue strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and hydrodynamic performance of parts.

[0003] Abrasive finishing technology, as a highly efficient non-contact machining method, utilizes a semi-fluid medium containing abrasive particles to flow over the workpiece surface under pressure to achieve micro-cutting, rolling, and polishing. It has unique processing advantages for parts with complex surfaces, deep holes, intersecting holes, and internal flow channels, and its importance is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0004] However, existing technologies have gradually revealed significant shortcomings when dealing with increasingly complex precision parts in modern manufacturing. These include insufficient processing flexibility and the existence of "dead zones" in the flow channels. Existing equipment typically maintains a fixed posture during processing. For workpieces with non-vertical or non-horizontal internal flow channels, inclined curved surfaces, or three-dimensional twisted surfaces, this fixed posture makes it difficult for the abrasive medium to form an optimal or uniform flow field. This easily leads to "dead zones" of medium stagnation or excessively low flow velocity in specific angular regions, resulting in uneven processing and localized tool marks or burrs. Equipment using rotatable fixtures often requires indexing for angle adjustment or manual intervention between processing cycles. This disrupts continuous processing, increases auxiliary time, and makes it difficult to achieve continuous, dynamic, and programmable changes in workpiece posture during processing, limiting further improvements in processing effectiveness and efficiency. While existing bidirectional piston drives can achieve reciprocating flow of the medium, combined with a fixed workpiece posture, the resulting flow field pattern and pressure distribution are relatively fixed. For complex workpieces, a single reciprocating flow path may not ensure that all surfaces being processed receive the most effective abrasive force.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an abrasive finishing equipment for metal processing machinery manufacturing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an abrasive finishing equipment for metal processing machinery manufacturing, comprising a support, a lower cylinder with an upper opening fixed to the support, an upper cylinder with a lower opening disposed on the lower cylinder, the lower cylinder and the upper cylinder forming a sealed cavity when fitted together; a lower piston slidably disposed inside the lower cylinder, and an upper piston disposed inside the upper cylinder; an inner ring fixed to the upper part of the lower cylinder, a connecting ring disposed inside the inner ring, and clamping blocks disposed on both sides of the connecting ring; and a connecting pipe penetrating into the side wall of the lower cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, a vertical guide rail is fixed to one side of the bracket, and a servo-driven lifting platform is slidably arranged in the guide rail, with the upper cylinder fixed to the underside of the lifting platform.

[0008] Furthermore, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is provided on the lifting platform, and the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder slides through the top of the upper cylinder and is fixed to the upper piston.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple springs are provided between the lower part of the lower piston and the bottom of the lower cylinder, and the springs provide elastic force to make the lower piston slide upward.

[0010] Furthermore, rotating shafts are fixed on both sides of the connecting ring, and the rotating shafts rotatably pass through the inner ring and the side wall of the lower cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, one of the rotating shafts is connected to a belt assembly outside the lower cylinder, the belt assembly being connected to a drive motor, and the drive motor being fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the connecting ring is curved, and its cross-section is fan-shaped, with the radius of the fan shape being equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring.

[0013] Furthermore, a sliding shaft is provided inside the rotating shaft in a way that allows for slidability and restricts rotation. One end of the sliding shaft inside the lower cylinder is fixed to a corresponding clamping block, and the other end outside the lower cylinder is rotatably connected to a clamping hydraulic cylinder, which is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] This invention utilizes the precise reciprocating motion of upper and lower pistons to force the abrasive medium to perform bidirectional, cyclical compression and scouring of the workpiece surface within a completely sealed cavity. This dynamic hydrodynamic action enables the abrasive grains to uniformly and continuously perform micro-cutting, rolling, and polishing on the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece, effectively removing burrs and microscopic peaks and valleys, reducing surface roughness, and achieving a consistent and excellent surface finish.

[0016] The design of the connecting ring and clamping block in this invention, together with the drive motor and belt assembly, enables stepless adjustment and dynamic oscillation of the workpiece's tilt angle during processing. This allows the equipment to handle workpieces with tilted inner cavities, curved outer walls, or asymmetrical structures (such as turbine blades, complex mold cavities, and irregularly shaped nozzles). By changing the workpiece angle, the abrasive medium is guided to more fully cover specific areas or the flow channel is changed, eliminating processing dead angles. While the piston reciprocates, the workpiece oscillates periodically within a set angle range, allowing the abrasive medium to scan and cover every micro-area of ​​the workpiece, achieving true three-dimensional full-surface uniform finishing.

[0017] The fan-shaped curved surface design of the connecting ring in this invention ensures that the outer wall always fits against the inner wall of the inner ring within its rotation range, maintaining effective sealing of the processing cavity and preventing media leakage. Simultaneously, the cooperative design of the sliding shaft and the rotating shaft ensures that the radial clamping force provided by the clamping hydraulic cylinder is maintained during workpiece angle adjustment, guaranteeing the stability and safety of the processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an abrasive finishing equipment for manufacturing metal processing machinery;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower and upper cylinders;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the lower and upper cylinders;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the inner ring;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Support; 2. Lower cylinder; 21. Lower piston; 22. Spring; 3. Upper cylinder; 31. Upper piston; 4. Guide rail; 41. Lifting platform; 5. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Inner ring; 71. Connecting ring; 8. Clamping block; 81. Rotating shaft; 82. Sliding shaft; 9. Clamping hydraulic cylinder; 10. Belt assembly; 11. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-4. In this embodiment of the invention, an abrasive finishing equipment for metal processing machinery manufacturing includes a support 1. The support 1 has a lower cylinder 2 with an upper opening fixed on it. An upper cylinder 3 with a lower opening is provided on the lower cylinder 2. When the lower cylinder 2 and the upper cylinder 3 are fitted together, they can form a sealed cavity. A lower piston 21 is slidably disposed inside the lower cylinder 2, and an upper piston 31 is disposed inside the upper cylinder 3. An inner ring 7 is fixed in the upper part of the lower cylinder 2. A connecting ring 71 is disposed inside the inner ring 7. Clamping blocks 8 are provided on both sides of the connecting ring 71. A connecting pipe 6 is provided on the side wall of the lower cylinder 2, extending into it.

[0024] When the upper cylinder 3 is opened, the workpiece to be processed is placed in the connecting ring 71 and clamped by the clamping block 8. After the upper cylinder 3 and the lower cylinder 2 are attached, the preset abrasive medium is injected into the cavity of the lower cylinder 2 through the connecting pipe 6. The injection amount must be ensured to be within the piston stroke so that the medium can fill the flow path. The abrasive medium flows up and down in the inner hole of the connecting ring 71 by the reciprocating sliding of the lower piston 21 and the upper piston 31. The abrasive medium is forced to reciprocate and squeeze in the closed system and flows through the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece. The abrasive particles in the medium produce micro-cutting, rolling and polishing effects on the surface of the workpiece.

[0025] In this embodiment, a vertical guide rail 4 is fixed on one side of the bracket 1, and a servo-driven lifting platform 41 is slidably arranged in the guide rail 4. The upper cylinder 3 is fixed under the lifting platform 41.

[0026] The lifting and lowering of the lifting platform 41 can drive the upper cylinder 3 to rise and fall, thereby causing the upper cylinder 3 to rise away from the lower cylinder 2 or fall to fit against the lower cylinder 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided on the lifting platform 41, and the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 slides through the top of the upper cylinder 3 and is fixed in the upper piston 31.

[0028] The lifting height of the upper piston 31 can be controlled by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, multiple springs 22 are provided between the lower part of the lower piston 21 and the bottom of the lower cylinder 2, and the springs 22 provide elastic force to make the lower piston 21 slide upward.

[0030] When the space between the upper piston 31 and the lower piston 21 is filled with abrasive medium, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 pushes the upper piston 31 down, causing the abrasive medium to flow downward and compress the spring 22, causing the lower piston 21 to slide downward. When the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 pushes the upper piston 31 up, the elastic force of the spring 22 will push the lower piston 21 to slide upward, causing the abrasive medium to flow upward. This cycle repeats, causing the abrasive medium to produce micro-cutting, rolling and polishing effects on the surface of the workpiece.

[0031] In this embodiment, rotating shafts 81 are fixed on both sides of the connecting ring 71, and the rotating shafts 81 rotatably pass through the side walls of the inner ring 7 and the lower cylinder 2.

[0032] By rotating the connecting ring 71, the workpiece clamped by the clamping block 8 in the inner hole of the connecting ring 71 can change its tilt angle, thereby adapting to workpieces with tilted inner cavities or outer walls, and also improving the processing effect by changing the tilt angle of the workpiece during the processing.

[0033] In this embodiment, one of the rotating shafts 81 is connected to a belt assembly 10 outside the lower cylinder 2. The belt assembly 10 is connected to a drive motor 11, and the drive motor 11 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2.

[0034] The drive motor 11 can drive the connecting ring 71 to change the tilt angle.

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the connecting ring 71 is curved, its cross-section is fan-shaped, and the radius of the fan-shaped cross-section is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring 7.

[0036] In other words, when the connecting ring 71 rotates within the fan-shaped arc length of its cross-section, the curved surface of the outer wall can be kept in contact with the inner wall of the inner ring 7, ensuring that when the connecting ring 71 changes its tilt angle, the abrasive medium can only pass through the inner hole of the connecting ring 71 and cannot pass through the edge of the connecting ring 71.

[0037] In this embodiment, a sliding shaft 82 is provided inside the rotating shaft 81 in a slidable and rotationally restricted manner. One end of the sliding shaft 82 inside the lower cylinder 2 is fixed to the corresponding clamping block 8, and the other end outside the lower cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to the clamping hydraulic cylinder 9. The clamping hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2.

[0038] The distance of the clamping block 8 can be changed by the clamping hydraulic cylinder 9, thereby clamping the workpiece by the clamping block 8. When the rotating shaft 81 rotates, it will drive the sliding shaft 82 and the clamping block 8 to rotate synchronously, so as to change the tilt angle of the workpiece without affecting the radial clamping force of the sliding shaft 82 on the workpiece.

[0039] In practice: The lifting platform 41 is raised, causing the upper cylinder 3 to fully open. The workpiece to be processed is placed into the center hole of the connecting ring 71 and initially positioned. The clamping hydraulic cylinder 9 is activated, pushing the sliding shaft 82 and the clamping block 8 to firmly clamp the workpiece to the center of the connecting ring 71 from both sides, ensuring stable clamping without affecting the surface to be processed. If it is necessary to process an inclined surface or optimize the flow channel, the drive motor 11 can be controlled to rotate the connecting ring 71 to a predetermined angle and lock it. The lifting platform 41 is then lowered, causing the upper cylinder 3 to fall smoothly until it is completely in contact with the lower cylinder 2, forming a seal. This opens the feed pipe... Connected to the connecting pipe 6, the pre-set abrasive medium is injected into the processing chamber through the feeding system. It is necessary to ensure that the medium can fill the flow path throughout the entire stroke of the upper piston 31 and the lower piston 21, and there is no large amount of air residue. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 pushes the upper piston 31 downward, squeezing the abrasive medium to flow over the workpiece surface, and pushes the lower piston 21 to compress the spring 22. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 drives the upper piston 31 upward. At this time, the elastic force of the spring 22 pushes the lower piston 21 to return to the starting position, forcing the abrasive medium to flow in the opposite direction over the workpiece surface. This process is repeated to form a bidirectional strong squeezing and scouring of the workpiece surface by the abrasive medium.

[0040] Optionally, an angle range (e.g., -20 degrees to +20 degrees) and an oscillation cycle (e.g., one back-and-forth oscillation every 30 seconds) are set. While the piston continuously reciprocates to squeeze the abrasive, the workpiece oscillates slowly and continuously within the set angle range. The abrasive medium scans and washes every tiny area of ​​the workpiece, achieving full-angle, no-dead-angle coverage. It is particularly suitable for ultra-precision finishing of workpieces with three-dimensional curved surfaces, turbine blades, complex mold cavities, etc.

[0041] After the equipment completes the set time or number of cycles, it stops and the abrasive medium in the cavity is recovered into the container through the connecting pipe 6. After confirming that the system pressure is zero, the clamping hydraulic cylinder 9 is operated to release the clamp on the workpiece, the lifting platform 41 is operated to raise the upper cylinder 3, the processed workpiece is taken out, and the processing effect is checked.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An abrasive finishing equipment for manufacturing metalworking machinery, comprising a support (1), characterized in that, The bracket (1) is fixed with a lower cylinder (2) with an upper opening. An upper cylinder (3) with a lower opening is provided on the lower cylinder (2). When the lower cylinder (2) and the upper cylinder (3) are fitted together, they can form a sealed cavity. A lower piston (21) is slidably provided inside the lower cylinder (2). An upper piston (31) is provided inside the upper cylinder (3). An inner ring (7) is fixed in the upper part of the lower cylinder (2). A connecting ring (71) is provided inside the inner ring (7). Clamping blocks (8) are provided on both sides of the connecting ring (71). A connecting pipe (6) is provided on the side wall of the lower cylinder (2). A rotating shaft (81) is fixed on both sides of the connecting ring (71). The rotating shaft (81) can rotatably pass through the inner ring (7) and the side wall of the lower cylinder (2). The outer wall of the connecting ring (71) is curved, and its cross-section is fan-shaped. The radius of the fan shape is equal to the inner diameter of the inner ring (7).

2. The abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical guide rail (4) is fixed on one side of the bracket (1), and a servo-driven lifting platform (41) is slidably arranged in the guide rail (4). The upper cylinder (3) is fixed under the lifting platform (41).

3. The abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting platform (41) is equipped with a lifting hydraulic cylinder (5), and the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (5) slides through the top of the upper cylinder (3) and is fixed in the upper piston (31).

4. The abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple springs (22) are provided between the lower piston (21) and the bottom of the lower cylinder (2), and the springs (22) provide elastic force to make the lower piston (21) slide upward.

5. The abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the rotating shafts (81) is connected to a belt assembly (10) outside the lower cylinder (2), the belt assembly (10) is connected to a drive motor (11), and the drive motor (11) is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder (2).

6. The abrasive finishing equipment for metalworking machinery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (81) is provided with a sliding shaft (82) that can slide and restricts rotation. One end of the sliding shaft (82) inside the lower cylinder (2) is fixed to the corresponding clamping block (8), and the other end outside the lower cylinder (2) is rotatably connected to the clamping hydraulic cylinder (9). The clamping hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixed to the outer wall of the lower cylinder (2).

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