Coal mine gas-solid two-phase synergistic carbon storage filling support and method

Abstract

The invention provides a coal mine gas-solid two-phase synergetic carbon storage filling support and method which are suitable for coal seam geological conditions with the mining height of 3.5-6.0 m. The support integrates a structure supporting system, a solid-phase carbon storage filling system, a gas-phase carbon storage sealing system and an isolation baffle. The structure supporting system hydraulically controls a front top beam, a rear top beam and a rear tail beam to guarantee stability of an operation space. The solid-phase carbon storage filling system conveys mineral carbonized paste to construct a dense filling body; the gas-phase carbon storage sealing system injects and seals carbon dioxide into the closed cavity, and the isolation baffle is matched with the plugging material to prevent leakage. The use method comprises the five steps of supporting, sealing, solid-phase carbon storage filling, gas-solid collaborative sealing and pipeline sealing, efficient coordination of filling and carbon sealing is achieved, coal mine low-carbon transformation is assisted, and the double-carbon target is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine backfilling technology, specifically to a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage backfilling support and method, applicable to coal seam geological conditions with a mining height of 3.5 to 6.0 meters. Background Technology

[0002] As coal mine backfilling technology matures, it is evolving from a single technology to a systematic engineering approach that integrates "diversified disposal targets" and "synergistic technological objectives." Traditional backfilling technologies primarily focus on gangue or paste backfilling, with the core objective of supporting goaf areas and disposing of waste. However, they generally have significant shortcomings. Not only is the backfilling efficiency low, making it difficult to meet the demands of efficient mining, but they also suffer from limited functionality, failing to meet the industry's current additional requirements for low-carbon development, particularly in carbon sequestration where there is a technological gap.

[0003] Against the backdrop of the nation's deepening "dual-carbon" goals, combining backfilling technology with carbon dioxide sequestration has become a key lever for enhancing the technological value of coal mining. Existing backfilling supports are mostly single-function designs, making it difficult to overcome this technological bottleneck. For example, while multi-functional backfilling hydraulic supports for longwall top-coal caving can handle support, coal release, and backfilling operations, they lack the core capability of carbon sequestration; conventional paste-filling supports only support solid material injection and cannot meet the special requirements of gas phase sequestration. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a new type of multi-functional support to solve the technical challenge of synergistically promoting backfilling efficiency and carbon sequestration, driving the upgrading of coal mining towards low-carbon, high-efficiency, and multi-functional directions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage support and method, which efficiently achieves synergistic filling and carbon sequestration.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support includes:

[0007] The structural support system includes a front top beam, a rear top beam, and a rear tail beam controlled by a hydraulic system; the front and rear top beams are used to support the top plate; the rear tail beam is used for shielding operations.

[0008] A solid-phase carbon storage filling system is installed on one side of the structural support system and is used to fill negative carbon paste filling material.

[0009] A gas-phase carbon sequestration system is installed on one side of the structural support system and is used to fill carbon dioxide.

[0010] Isolation baffles are installed on one side of the structural support system to provide lateral sealing for the goaf.

[0011] Preferably, the solid carbon storage filling mechanism includes a material distribution valve and a filling hose; the material distribution valve is used to control the conveying of negative carbon paste filling material; the filling hose is used to inject the negative carbon paste filling material into the closed goaf area.

[0012] Preferably, the gas phase carbon storage system includes an inflation pump, an inflation pipeline, an exhaust pump, and an exhaust pipeline; the inflation pump injects carbon dioxide into the sealed cavity structure through the inflation pipeline; the exhaust pump circulates and exhausts the sealed cavity structure through the exhaust pipeline; and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor is installed in the exhaust pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the isolation baffle and the matching sealing material work together to construct a highly sealed carbon storage structure space to prevent carbon dioxide leakage.

[0014] Preferably, the negative carbon paste filling material is a mineral carbonized paste.

[0015] Preferably, the inflation pipe and the exhaust pipe are made of corrosion-resistant material.

[0016] A method for using a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: After moving the frame, first operate the hydraulic system to adjust the height of the front and rear top beams to effectively support the roof; then raise the rear tail beam to form a stable working space in the mining area.

[0018] Step 2: Operate the isolation baffle for lateral sealing of the goaf; at the same time, erect individual support columns behind the support, and complete the full sealing of the space to be filled with special sealing cloth and high-performance sealing materials; for the filling of the triangular structure, special attention should be paid to the isolation and sealing quality of adjacent cavity spaces;

[0019] Step 3: Start-up of the solid carbon storage filling system: The material distribution valve controls the injection of negative carbon paste filling material into the goaf through the filling hose; use dry grass and wood stacks as auxiliary flexible materials to enhance the sealing of the roof / bottom area, ensuring that the carbon storage chamber structure is tightly connected to the roof; construct a dense filling body;

[0020] Step 4: After the negative carbon paste filling material is tightly connected to the top to form a series of carbon storage chamber structures, the gas phase carbon storage and sealing system and the solid phase carbon storage and filling system are used in coordination at the corresponding positions of the structural support system. The gas phase carbon storage and sealing system starts to work. The air pump injects carbon dioxide into the sealed chamber structure through the air pumping pipeline, while the air pump circulates the exhaust gas through the exhaust pipeline. The carbon dioxide concentration is monitored by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor installed at the exhaust pipeline. When the carbon dioxide concentration sensor data shows that the target carbon dioxide concentration has been maintained for a period of time, it can be determined that the gas in the chamber space has been completely replaced by carbon dioxide.

[0021] Step 5: When the amount of carbon dioxide filled into the carbon storage chamber reaches the design value, seal the filling and exhaust valves on the filling and exhaust pipes to allow the carbon dioxide to be stored in the carbon storage chamber for a long time. Ensure uniform gas distribution and sealing to achieve gas-phase carbon storage. The entire process is carried out under the protection of the support structure system to prevent the roof from collapsing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] Compared with traditional coal mine backfilling supports, the dual-phase synergistic carbon storage backfilling support has achieved revolutionary breakthroughs in technology integration and functional expansion, significantly improving the overall efficiency of coal mine backfilling. Traditional supports, such as paste backfilling grout-blocking supports or solid backfilling supports, mainly focus on single backfilling operations, controlling overburden stability through support and material injection. However, they are often limited by problems such as imbalance between mining and backfilling efficiency, high demand for raw material supply, and narrow applicable conditions, resulting in difficulties in increasing production capacity and limited economic benefits. In contrast, the dual-phase synergistic carbon storage backfilling support innovatively integrates the two major functions of "solid phase backfilling" and "gas phase sequestration," adopting a stable four-column support structure and integrating key components such as the front top beam, rear top beam, and rear tail beam to ensure the safety and stability of the mining area. Its solid-phase carbon storage filling system achieves efficient paste injection through isolation baffles, material distribution valves, and filling hoses to construct a dense filling structure. Simultaneously, the newly added gas-phase carbon sequestration system integrates an air pump, an air extraction pump, and air filling and exhaust pipelines, specifically designed to inject carbon dioxide into the formed sealed cavity space to achieve carbon sequestration. This design not only inherits the overburden control advantages of traditional supports but also significantly expands the technological boundaries through multi-phase synergy, transforming the goaf from a simple waste disposal site into a permanent geological carbon sequestration repository, aligning with the national "dual carbon" target requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0025] in:

[0026] 1. Front top beam; 2. Rear top beam; 3. Rear tail beam; 4. Fabric distribution valve; 5. Filling hose; 6. Isolation baffle; 7. Air pump; 8. Air filling line; 9. Air extraction pump; 10. Exhaust line; 11. Carbon dioxide concentration sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support includes:

[0029] The structural support system is a modification of the traditional paste filling support system; it includes a front top beam 1, a rear top beam 2, and a rear tail beam 3, all controlled by a hydraulic system; the front top beam 1 and the rear top beam 2 are used to support the top plate; the rear tail beam 3 is used for shielding operations;

[0030] A solid-phase carbon storage filling system is installed on one side of the structural support system and is used to fill negative carbon paste filling material.

[0031] A gas-phase carbon sequestration system is installed on one side of the structural support system and is used to fill carbon dioxide.

[0032] Isolation baffle 6 is installed on one side of the structural support system for lateral sealing of the goaf.

[0033] Furthermore, the solid carbon storage filling mechanism includes a material distribution valve 4 and a filling hose 5; the material distribution valve 4 is used to control the conveying of negative carbon paste filling material; the filling hose 5 is used to inject negative carbon paste filling material into the closed goaf.

[0034] Furthermore, the gas phase carbon storage system includes an air pump 7, an air filling pipeline 8, an air extraction pump 9, and an exhaust pipeline 10; the air pump 7 injects carbon dioxide into the sealed cavity structure through the air filling pipeline 8; the air extraction pump 9 circulates and exhausts the sealed cavity structure through the exhaust pipeline 10; the exhaust pipeline 10 is equipped with a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 11 to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration at the exhaust pipeline 10.

[0035] Furthermore, the isolation baffle 6, in conjunction with the matching sealing materials, constructs a highly sealed carbon storage structure space to prevent carbon dioxide leakage.

[0036] Furthermore, the negative carbon paste filling material is a mineral carbonized paste.

[0037] Furthermore, the inflation pipe 8 and the exhaust pipe 10 are made of corrosion-resistant materials.

[0038] Functional integration: It combines solid-phase carbon storage filling and gas-phase carbon sequestration into one system, enabling coordinated operation of filling and carbon sequestration and enhancing technological added value. Highly efficient operation: Through modular system design, it reduces process intervals, improves filling and sequestration efficiency, and is suitable for efficient mining in longwall faces. Safe and reliable: The structural support system ensures roof stability, and the sealed design prevents gas leakage, reducing operational risks. Environmentally friendly: It supports geological carbon dioxide sequestration, contributing to the low-carbon transformation of the coal mining industry and meeting the national "dual-carbon" target requirements. Highly adaptable: It can adapt to various geological conditions, and through customized design for each face, it optimizes resource utilization.

[0039] A method for using a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: After moving the frame, first operate the hydraulic system to adjust the height of the front top beam 1 and the rear top beam 2 to effectively support the roof; then raise the rear tail beam 3 to form a stable working space in the mining area.

[0041] Step 2: Operate the isolation baffle 6 for lateral sealing of the goaf; at the same time, erect a single support column behind the support, and complete the full sealing of the space to be filled with special sealing cloth and high-performance sealing material; for the filling of the triangular structure, special attention should be paid to the isolation and sealing quality of the adjacent cavity spaces;

[0042] Step 3: Start-up of the solid carbon storage filling system: The material distribution valve 4 controls the injection of negative carbon paste filling material into the goaf through the filling hose 5; use dry grass and wood stacks as auxiliary flexible materials to strengthen the sealing of the roof / bottom area, ensuring that the carbon storage chamber structure is tightly connected to the roof; construct a dense filling body;

[0043] Step 4: After the negative carbon paste filling material is tightly connected to the top to form a series of carbon storage chamber structure spaces, the gas phase carbon storage and sealing system and the solid phase carbon storage and filling system are used in coordination at the corresponding positions of the structural support system; the gas phase carbon storage and sealing system starts to work, the air pump 7 injects carbon dioxide into the sealed chamber structure through the air pumping pipe 8, and at the same time the air pump 9 circulates the exhaust through the exhaust pipe 10; the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 11 installed at the exhaust pipe 10 monitors the carbon dioxide concentration. When the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 11 displays the target carbon dioxide concentration that has been maintained for a period of time, it can be determined that the gas in the chamber space has been completely replaced by carbon dioxide;

[0044] Step 5: When the amount of carbon dioxide filled into the carbon storage chamber reaches the design value, seal the filling and exhaust valves on the filling pipe 8 and exhaust pipe 10 to allow the carbon dioxide to be stored in the carbon storage chamber for a long time; ensure uniform gas distribution and sealing, thereby achieving gas phase carbon storage and sealing. The entire process is carried out under the protection of the support structure system to prevent the roof from collapsing.

[0045] This invention achieves efficient synergy between coal mine backfilling and carbon sequestration through system integration, process innovation, and equipment development. In the future, it can further integrate the strengths of industry, academia, and research to promote the maturity of the technology and its engineering applications.

Claims

1. A coal mine gas-solid two-phase synergistic carbon storage filling support, characterized in that, The application relates to a carbon storage and sealing system for a coal mine. The carbon storage and sealing system comprises a structure support system, a solid-phase carbon storage and filling system, a gas-phase carbon storage and sealing system and an isolation baffle. The structure support system comprises a front roof beam (1), a rear roof beam (2) and a rear tail beam (3) controlled by a hydraulic system; the front roof beam (1) and the rear roof beam (2) are used for supporting a roof; and the rear tail beam (3) is used for shielding operation. The solid-phase carbon storage and filling system is arranged on one side of the structure support system and is used for filling a negative carbon paste filling material. The gas-phase carbon storage and sealing system is arranged on one side of the structure support system and is used for filling carbon dioxide.

2. The gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support in coal mine of claim 1, wherein, The isolation baffle (6) is arranged on one side of the structure support system and is used for lateral sealing of a goaf.

3. The gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and filling support in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid-phase carbon storage and filling system comprises a material distribution valve (4) and a filling hose (5); the material distribution valve (4) is used for controlling delivery of the negative carbon paste filling material; and the filling hose (5) is used for pouring the negative carbon paste filling material into the sealed goaf.

4. The gas-solid dual-phase synergic carbon storage and filling support in coal mine of claim 3, wherein, The gas-phase carbon storage and sealing system comprises a gas filling pump (7), a gas filling pipeline (8), a gas extraction pump (9) and a gas extraction pipeline (10); the gas filling pump (7) pressurizes carbon dioxide into the sealed cavity structure through the gas filling pipeline (8); the gas extraction pump (9) performs cyclic gas extraction on the sealed cavity structure through the gas extraction pipeline (10); and the gas extraction pipeline (10) is provided with a carbon dioxide concentration sensor (11).

5. The gas-solid dual-phase synergic carbon storage and filling support in coal mine of claim 1, wherein, The isolation baffle (6) cooperates with a matched sealing material to build a high-tightness carbon storage structure space and prevent carbon dioxide leakage.

6. The gas-solid dual-phase synergic carbon storage and filling support in coal mine of claim 3, wherein, The negative carbon paste filling material is a mineral carbonized paste.

7. The use of a coal mine gas-solid dual-phase synergistic carbon storage and backfill support according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The gas filling pipeline (8) and the gas extraction pipeline (10) are made of anticorrosive materials. The application further discloses a carbon storage and sealing method. Step one: after the support is moved, the height of the front roof beam (1) and the rear roof beam (2) is first adjusted by operating the hydraulic system to effectively support the roof; then the rear tail beam (3) is lifted to form a stable mining operation space; Step two: the isolation baffle (6) is operated to seal the goaf laterally; meanwhile, single support columns are arranged behind the support to complete overall sealing of the space to be filled by cooperating with special sealing cloth and high-performance sealing materials; for triangular structure filling, special attention should be paid to the isolation and sealing quality of adjacent cavity structure spaces; Step three: the solid-phase carbon storage and filling system is started: the material distribution valve (4) controls the negative carbon paste filling material to be injected into the goaf through the filling hose (5); dry grass and wood piles are used to assist flexible materials to strengthen the sealing degree of the top / bottom area and ensure that the carbon storage cavity structure space is closely connected to the top; and a dense filling body is built; Step four: after the negative carbon paste filling material is closely connected to the top to form a series of carbon storage cavity structure spaces, the gas-phase carbon storage and sealing system and the solid-phase carbon storage and filling system arranged at corresponding positions of the structure support system are cooperatively operated; the gas-phase carbon storage and sealing system starts to work: the gas filling pump (7) pressurizes carbon dioxide into the sealed cavity structure through the gas filling pipeline (8); meanwhile, the gas extraction pump (9) performs cyclic gas extraction through the gas extraction pipeline (10); the carbon dioxide concentration is monitored through the carbon dioxide concentration sensor (11) installed at the gas extraction pipeline (10); when the carbon dioxide concentration sensor (11) data shows that the target carbon dioxide concentration is maintained for a period of time, it can be determined that the gas in the cavity structure space has been completely replaced by carbon dioxide. Step five: when the amount of carbon dioxide filled in the storage cavity structure space reaches the design value, close the filling and exhaust valves set on the filling pipeline (8) and the exhaust pipeline (10), so that the carbon dioxide is stored in the storage cavity structure space for a long time; ensure the uniform distribution and storage of the gas, so as to realize the gas-phase carbon storage and sealing. The whole process is carried out under the guarantee of the support system of the support structure, to prevent the roof collapse.

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