An adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio

Abstract

This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), relating to the field of spectral imaging technology. The method includes: for each superpixel unit, calculating the detection SNR of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit; determining a scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on a comparison between the detection SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold; generating a reconstruction instruction based on the scale adjustment method for each superpixel unit, and distributing the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface to achieve superpixel unit scale adjustment. This invention can automatically adjust the superpixel scale according to different input signal-to-noise ratios, thereby achieving optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution under different input SNRs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spectral imaging technology, and in particular to an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio. Background Technology

[0002] Spectral imaging technology improves the acquisition of energy distribution of light fields at different wavelengths, providing spectral information, and has key applications in fields such as industrial inspection and material identification. However, traditional spectral imaging systems are generally limited by dispersive elements such as gratings and prisms, resulting in large size and complex structure, making them unsuitable for portable devices; at the same time, traditional scanning or pushbroom methods limit imaging speed, making it difficult to perform well in high-speed dynamic scenes.

[0003] In recent years, a class of computational spectral imaging schemes has been developed to achieve miniaturized systems and snapshot imaging. The core idea is to integrate spectral modulation microstructures in front of the detector, enabling different pixels to characterize the incident light's spectrum and reconstruct the complete spectral information based on this. Common spectral modulation microstructures include metasurfaces. Currently, metasurfaces are typically used by integrating multiple metasurfaces into superpixels. Each superpixel corresponds to one pixel, and multiple superpixels form a spectral modulation layer covering a wide wavelength range and responding to diverse spectral inputs, achieving high-dimensional encoding of the incident light.

[0004] In existing product designs, the size of the superpixel (i.e., the number of integrated metasurfaces) cannot be changed once it is determined. To ensure usable spectral resolution in the worst low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments, it is usually necessary to design a large-scale superpixel, but this can lead to poor spatial resolution results in high SNR scenarios with good signals. Conversely, if a small-scale superpixel is chosen in pursuit of high spatial resolution, the spectral resolution obtained under low input SNR conditions will be unsatisfactory.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution under different detection signal-to-noise ratios is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio, which can achieve the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution under different detection signal-to-noise ratios.

[0007] This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:

[0008] For each superpixel unit, the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is calculated based on the signal input to the superpixel unit;

[0009] Based on the comparison result of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined;

[0010] Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, a reconstruction instruction is generated and distributed to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to achieve the scaling of the superpixel unit.

[0011] According to the present invention, an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is provided. When the preset SNR threshold is one, the method for determining the scale adjustment of the superpixel unit based on the comparison result between the probe SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold includes:

[0012] If the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, then the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined to be to increase its size.

[0013] If the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is greater than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, then the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined to be to reduce its size.

[0014] According to the present invention, an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is provided. When there are multiple preset SNR thresholds, the method for determining the scale adjustment of the superpixel unit based on the comparison result between the probe SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold includes:

[0015] Multiple threshold ranges are determined based on multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds of different sizes;

[0016] From the plurality of threshold intervals, determine the target threshold interval in which the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located;

[0017] Based on the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponding to the target threshold range, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined; wherein, the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponds to different threshold ranges.

[0018] According to the present invention, an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is provided. The threshold range includes an optimal threshold range composed of a first threshold and a second threshold. The first threshold is a maximum preset SNR threshold for ensuring spectral resolution, and the second threshold is a minimum preset SNR threshold for ensuring spatial resolution. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold. The step of determining the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range includes:

[0019] If the target threshold range is the optimal threshold range, then the method for adjusting the size of the superpixel unit is determined to keep the size of the superpixel unit unchanged.

[0020] If the target threshold range is not the optimal threshold range, then the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range.

[0021] According to the present invention, an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is provided, wherein calculating the probe SNR of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit includes:

[0022] Obtain the temporal signal sequence output by the superpixel unit within a predetermined time window;

[0023] The average value of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the signal strength estimate, and the standard deviation of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the noise strength estimate.

[0024] Based on the ratio of the estimated signal strength to the estimated noise strength, the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is output.

[0025] The present invention also provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio, comprising:

[0026] The calculation module is used to calculate the detection signal-to-noise ratio of each superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit;

[0027] The comparison module is used to determine the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the comparison result of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.

[0028] The distribution module is used to generate reconstruction instructions based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, and distribute the reconstruction instructions to each metasurface; the reconstruction instructions are used to instruct the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to achieve the scaling of the superpixel unit.

[0029] The present invention also provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array based on probe signal-to-noise ratio, the metasurface array comprising a plurality of metasurfaces; the metasurfaces are used to adjust the resonant characteristics of the metasurfaces based on reconstruction instructions to achieve adjustment of the size of superpixel units; the reconstruction instructions are distributed through the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio described above.

[0030] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described above.

[0031] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described above.

[0032] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described above.

[0033] This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For each superpixel unit, the probe SNR of the superpixel unit is calculated based on the signal input to the superpixel unit. Based on a comparison between the probe SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold, a scaling method for the superpixel unit is determined. Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, a reconstruction instruction is generated and distributed to each metasurface. The reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface, thereby achieving the scaling of the superpixel units. This invention can automatically adjust the superpixel scale according to different input signal SNRs, thus ensuring high spectral resolution under low SNR inputs and high spatial resolution under high SNR inputs, achieving optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input SNRs. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array reuse method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the superpixel size and selection provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0041] In the description of embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio, the method specifically including the following steps:

[0043] Step 101: For each superpixel unit, calculate the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit.

[0044] It should be noted that the execution subject of the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be an electronic device, a component in an electronic device, an integrated circuit, or a chip. The electronic device can be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. For example, a mobile electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, wearable device, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc., while a non-mobile electronic device can be a server, network attached storage (NAS), personal computer (PC), television (TV), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. The embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit this. The following embodiments of the present invention describe the execution subject as a controller.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, for each superpixel unit in the metasurface array, the detection signal-to-noise ratio of each superpixel unit can be calculated based on the signal input to each superpixel unit. This allows for the quantification of the signal quality of each local imaging region, providing key indicators for subsequent adaptive adjustment of the superpixel unit size. This facilitates the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution under different detection signal-to-noise ratios, thereby maintaining optimal imaging quality under different signal-to-noise ratio environments.

[0046] In some embodiments, signals input to each superpixel unit can be received and detected in real time, and their detection signal-to-noise ratio can be quickly calculated using time-domain statistical methods.

[0047] Step 102: Based on the comparison result of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, determine the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit.

[0048] In some embodiments, the scaling method may include three types: increasing the size of the superpixel, maintaining the size of the superpixel, and decreasing the size of the superpixel.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, one or more signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds can be preset. For each superpixel unit, the detection SNR of the superpixel unit can be compared with each preset SNR threshold. Based on the comparison result, it can be determined whether the detection SNR of the superpixel unit is too high or too low. If the detection SNR of the superpixel unit is too high, the size of the superpixel needs to be reduced; if the detection SNR of the superpixel unit is too low, the size of the superpixel needs to be increased.

[0050] Step 103: Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, generate a reconstruction instruction and distribute the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to achieve scaling of the superpixel unit.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, a superpixel unit can be integrated by multiple metasurfaces, that is, by controlling multiple metasurfaces to generate the same phase modulation, a superpixel unit can be integrated.

[0052] This invention proposes a threshold comparison algorithm based on the detected signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which can acquire the input SNR in real time and output relevant reconstruction instructions based on the threshold comparison results. By modifying the instructions, it can also have good versatility in other fields.

[0053] This invention proposes a superpixel combination logic based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio. Specifically, based on the size adjustment method for each superpixel unit, reconstruction instructions can be generated and distributed to each metasurface in the metasurface array. The resonant characteristics (phase, amplitude response, etc.) of each metasurface are controlled and adjusted. Thus, according to different combinations of reconstruction instructions, larger or smaller superpixel units can be formed, realizing the size adjustment of multiple superpixel units and achieving the optimal allocation of spatial resolution and spectral resolution.

[0054] This invention, in its embodiments, calculates the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit. Based on a comparison between the detection SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold, it determines the scaling method for each superpixel unit. Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, it generates reconstruction instructions and distributes these instructions to each metasurface. The reconstruction instructions are used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface, thereby achieving the scaling of the superpixel units. This invention can automatically adjust the superpixel scale according to different input signal SNRs, thus ensuring high spectral resolution under low SNR inputs and high spatial resolution under high SNR inputs, achieving an optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input SNRs.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, when the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold is one, the method for determining the size adjustment of the superpixel unit based on the comparison result of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit with at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold may specifically include:

[0056] If the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, then the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined to be to increase its size.

[0057] If the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is greater than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, then the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined to be to reduce its size.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, a preset signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold can be established. After calculating the detection SNR of each superpixel unit, the detection SNR of each superpixel unit can be compared with the preset SNR threshold. If the detection SNR of the superpixel unit is less than the preset SNR threshold, it indicates that the SNR is too low. In this case, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit can be determined to be to increase its size, thereby ensuring spectral resolution by increasing the size of the superpixel unit. If the detection SNR of the superpixel unit is greater than the preset SNR threshold, it indicates that the SNR is sufficient. In this case, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit can be determined to be to decrease its size, thereby ensuring spatial resolution by decreasing the size of the superpixel unit.

[0059] For example, suppose the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of superpixel unit 1 is SNR1, the detection SNR of superpixel unit 2 is SNR2, and the preset SNR threshold is T. If SNR1 is lower than T, it is determined that the size of superpixel unit 1 needs to be increased (e.g., increased to 10). 10 metasurfaces, or 5 (5 metasurfaces); if SNR2 is higher than T, then it is determined that the size of superpixel unit 2 needs to be reduced (e.g., reduced to 3). 3 metasurfaces, or 2 (Two metasurfaces).

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the superpixel size and selection provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 2 For example, the superpixel unit under high detection signal-to-noise ratio can be adjusted to 3 The scale is 3 metasurfaces; the superpixel unit can be adjusted to 5 under low detection signal-to-noise ratio. The scale of 5 metasurfaces.

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the incident light can be encoded in a high dimension using superpixel units with adjusted scale, and then the encoded features can be input into a neural network to reconstruct the incident spectrum. This ensures high-precision and high-fidelity incident spectrum reconstruction results even under complex conditions with varying detection signal-to-noise ratios.

[0062] This invention compares the detected signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with a preset SNR threshold, and adjusts the size of the superpixel based on the level of the detected SNR, thereby achieving the optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input SNRs.

[0063] In one optional embodiment, when there are multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds, determining the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the comparison result between the detection SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold may specifically include:

[0064] Multiple threshold ranges are determined based on multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds of different sizes;

[0065] From the plurality of threshold intervals, determine the target threshold interval in which the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located;

[0066] Based on the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponding to the target threshold range, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined; wherein, the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponds to different threshold ranges.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, after calculating the detection signal-to-noise ratio of each superpixel unit, the target threshold range in which the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located can be determined from multiple threshold ranges, thereby determining the degree of superpixel scale adjustment for that superpixel unit.

[0068] In some embodiments, multiple signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds can be preset, sorted in ascending order, and threshold intervals can be determined based on two adjacent preset SNR thresholds, thereby obtaining multiple threshold intervals.

[0069] In some embodiments, the superpixel scale adjustment level can refer to a control parameter used to quantify the level at which superpixels are functionally merged or segmented, determined based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio. The superpixel scale adjustment level can be determined for each threshold range based on empirical values. Different threshold ranges may correspond to different superpixel scale adjustment levels, and the adjustment level can be set to increase or decrease progressively according to the threshold range.

[0070] For example, assuming the preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds are T1, T2, and T3, where T1 < T2 < T3, then threshold interval 1 (-∞, T1), threshold interval 2 (T1, T2), threshold interval 3 (T2, T3), and threshold interval 4 (T3, +∞) can be determined. The superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to threshold interval 1 is set to be expanded to 8 to 10 times the original size, the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to threshold interval 2 is set to be expanded to 4 to 5 times the original size, the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to threshold interval 3 is set to maintain the original size, and the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to threshold interval 4 is set to be reduced to 1 / 2 to 1 / 4 of the original size.

[0071] Assume the target threshold range for the detection signal-to-noise ratio of superpixel unit 1 is (T1, T2], and the size of superpixel unit 1 is 2. Two metasurfaces can adjust the size of superpixel unit 1 to 4. Four metasurfaces.

[0072] It should be noted that the preset number of signal-to-noise ratio thresholds and the numerical values ​​of the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the threshold intervals are merely examples of the present invention. In practical applications, they can be flexibly adjusted based on actual experience, and the present invention does not impose specific limitations here.

[0073] This invention, by dividing and defining multiple threshold intervals and setting different threshold intervals corresponding to different superpixel size adjustment degrees, can avoid the problem of spatial resolution being affected by excessively expanding the superpixel size and spectral resolution being affected by excessively shrinking the superpixel size. This achieves appropriate adjustment of the superpixel size, thereby enabling the optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input signal-to-noise ratios.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the threshold range includes an optimal threshold range composed of a first threshold and a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spectral resolution, and the second threshold is a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spatial resolution, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; determining the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range includes:

[0075] If the target threshold range is the optimal threshold range, then the method for adjusting the size of the superpixel unit is determined to keep the size of the superpixel unit unchanged.

[0076] If the target threshold range is not the optimal threshold range, then the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold (i.e., a first threshold) for ensuring spectral resolution can be determined based on actual empirical values, and a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold (i.e., a second threshold) for ensuring spatial resolution can be determined. The second threshold can be greater than the first threshold, thereby preventing frequent mode switching.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, if the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit belongs to the optimal threshold range composed of the first threshold and the second threshold, it means that the current size of the superpixel unit can achieve the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution, and there is no need to adjust the superpixel size. Therefore, it can be determined that the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is to keep the size of the superpixel unit unchanged.

[0079] For example, it can be assumed that the preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds are T1, T2 and T3, where T1 < T2 < T3, and (T1, T2) can be the optimal threshold range formed by the first threshold T1 and the second threshold T2. Assuming that the target threshold range of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is (T1, T2), the size of the superpixel unit remains unchanged.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, if the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit does not belong to the optimal threshold range composed of the first threshold and the second threshold, it indicates that the current size of the superpixel unit cannot achieve the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution, and the superpixel size needs to be adjusted. Therefore, the step of determining the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel size adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range can be performed.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention construct an optimal threshold range by using a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spectral resolution and a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spatial resolution. When the detection signal-to-noise ratio of a superpixel unit falls within the optimal threshold range, the size of the superpixel unit remains unchanged. This allows for the optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input signal-to-noise ratios while preventing frequent mode switching.

[0082] In one optional embodiment, calculating the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit may specifically include:

[0083] Obtain the temporal signal sequence output by the superpixel unit within a predetermined time window;

[0084] The average value of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the signal strength estimate, and the standard deviation of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the noise strength estimate.

[0085] Based on the ratio of the estimated signal strength to the estimated noise strength, the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is output.

[0086] In some embodiments, the predetermined time window can be a single imaging frame period or multiple consecutive short exposure periods. Within the predetermined time window, a temporal signal sequence output by each superpixel unit can be acquired, the statistical average of the temporal signal sequence can be calculated as a signal strength estimate, and the standard deviation of the same temporal signal sequence can be calculated as a noise strength estimate. Finally, based on the ratio of the signal strength estimate to the noise strength estimate, the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit can be quickly calculated using the signal-to-noise ratio calculation formula.

[0087] This invention utilizes time-domain statistical methods to quickly calculate the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each superpixel unit, thereby quantifying the signal quality of each local imaging region. This provides key indicators for subsequent adaptive adjustment of the superpixel unit size, which is beneficial for achieving the optimal allocation of spectral resolution and spatial resolution under different detection SNRs, thus maintaining optimal imaging quality under different SNR environments.

[0088] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described below through a specific example.

[0089] This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The method aims to achieve optimal allocation between spectral and spatial resolution under different SNRs by intelligently deciding and changing the superpixel size through real-time SNR feedback. The method may include the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Real-time detection and quantization of signal-to-noise ratio: Receive and detect the signal input to each superpixel unit in real time, quickly calculate the detected signal-to-noise ratio using an algorithm (such as time-domain statistical method), and output it to the control logic.

[0091] Step 2, Decision-making and instruction generation based on the detected signal-to-noise ratio: The control system can preset one or more signal-to-noise ratio thresholds. When the detected signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the first signal-to-noise ratio threshold, it can be considered that the signal-to-noise ratio is too low and the size of the superpixel needs to be increased to ensure spectral resolution. When the detected signal-to-noise ratio is higher than the second signal-to-noise ratio threshold (the second signal-to-noise ratio threshold can be higher than the first signal-to-noise ratio threshold to prevent frequent mode switching), it can be considered that the signal-to-noise ratio is sufficient and the size of the superpixel can be reduced to obtain higher spatial resolution.

[0092] Step 3, Instruction Execution and Superpixel Size Adjustment: Reconstruction instructions can be distributed to each hypersurface, forming larger superpixels (e.g., 10) depending on the instructions. 10, 5 5 metasurfaces) or smaller superpixels (e.g., 3) 3,2 (Two metasurfaces).

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention can adaptively adjust the size of superpixels based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the channel on a reconfigurable metasurface hardware with fixed physical dimensions, thereby achieving the optimal allocation of spatial resolution and spectral resolution under different signal-to-noise ratio inputs.

[0094] The adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on probe signal-to-noise ratio provided by the present invention is described below. The adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on probe signal-to-noise ratio described below can be referred to in correspondence with the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio described above.

[0095] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 4 This invention provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio, the device specifically including the following modules:

[0096] The calculation module 410 is used to calculate the detection signal-to-noise ratio of each superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit.

[0097] The comparison module 420 is used to determine the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the comparison result of the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.

[0098] The distribution module 430 is used to generate a reconstruction instruction based on the size adjustment method for each superpixel unit, and distribute the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to indicate the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to realize the size adjustment of the superpixel unit.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, when the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold is one, the comparison module includes:

[0100] The scale expansion determination submodule is used to determine that if the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit is to expand the scale.

[0101] The scale reduction determination submodule is used to determine that if the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is greater than the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit is to reduce the scale.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, when there are multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds, the comparison module includes:

[0103] The threshold interval determination submodule is used to determine multiple threshold intervals based on multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds of different sizes;

[0104] The target interval determination submodule is used to determine the target threshold interval in which the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located from the plurality of threshold intervals;

[0105] The scale adjustment method determination submodule is used to determine the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range; wherein, the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponds to different threshold ranges.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the threshold range includes an optimal threshold range composed of a first threshold and a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spectral resolution, and the second threshold is a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spatial resolution, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; the scale adjustment method determination submodule includes:

[0107] The size-constant determination unit is used to determine, if the target threshold range is the optimal threshold range, that the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is to keep the size of the superpixel unit constant.

[0108] The scale adjustment method determination unit is used to determine the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range if the target threshold range is not the optimal threshold range.

[0109] In one optional embodiment, the computing module includes:

[0110] The time-domain signal sequence acquisition submodule is used to acquire the time-domain signal sequence output by the superpixel unit within a predetermined time window;

[0111] The estimation value determination submodule is used to calculate the average value of the time-domain signal sequence as the signal strength estimate, and to calculate the standard deviation of the time-domain signal sequence as the noise strength estimate;

[0112] The signal-to-noise ratio determination submodule is used to output the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on the ratio of the estimated signal strength to the estimated noise strength.

[0113] This invention, in its embodiments, calculates the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit. Based on a comparison between the detection SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold, it determines the scaling method for each superpixel unit. Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, it generates reconstruction instructions and distributes these instructions to each metasurface. The reconstruction instructions are used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface, thereby achieving the scaling of the superpixel units. This invention can automatically adjust the superpixel scale according to different input signal SNRs, thus ensuring high spectral resolution under low SNR inputs and high spatial resolution under high SNR inputs, achieving an optimal allocation of spectral and spatial resolution under different input SNRs.

[0114] This invention also provides an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array based on probed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The metasurface array includes multiple metasurfaces; each metasurface is used to adjust its resonant characteristics based on a reconfiguration command to achieve superpixel unit size adjustment; the reconfiguration command is distributed using any of the aforementioned adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing methods based on probed SNR. By utilizing an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array based on probed SNR, the superpixel size of the array can be rapidly adjusted based on the SNR value.

[0115] Figure 5 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 510, a communications interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communications interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute an adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method includes: for each superpixel unit, calculating the probe SNR of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit; determining a scaling method for the superpixel unit based on a comparison of the probe SNR of the superpixel unit with at least one preset SNR threshold; generating a reconstruction instruction based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, and distributing the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface to achieve scaling of the superpixel unit.

[0116] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0117] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio provided by the above methods. The method includes: for each superpixel unit, calculating the probe signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit; determining the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on a comparison result of the probe signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit with at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold; generating a reconstruction instruction based on the scale adjustment method for each superpixel unit, and distributing the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface to realize the scale adjustment of the superpixel unit.

[0118] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio provided by the methods described above. The method includes: for each superpixel unit, calculating the probe signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on a signal input to the superpixel unit; determining a scaling method for the superpixel unit based on a comparison of the probe signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit with at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold; generating a reconstruction instruction based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, and distributing the reconstruction instruction to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonant characteristics of the metasurface to achieve scaling of the superpixel unit.

[0119] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0120] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for multiplexing adaptive reconfigurable metasurface arrays based on probe signal-to-noise ratio, characterized in that, include: For each superpixel unit, the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is calculated in real time based on the signal input to the superpixel unit; Based on the comparison result of the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined. Based on the scaling method for each superpixel unit, a reconstruction instruction is generated and distributed to each metasurface; the reconstruction instruction is used to instruct the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to achieve the scaling of the superpixel unit; Where there are multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thresholds, the method for determining the scale adjustment of the superpixel unit based on the comparison result between the real-time detected SNR of the superpixel unit and at least one preset SNR threshold includes: Multiple threshold ranges are determined based on multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds of different sizes; From the plurality of threshold intervals, determine the target threshold interval in which the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located; Based on the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponding to the target threshold range, the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined; wherein, the degree of superpixel size adjustment corresponds to different threshold ranges; The threshold range includes an optimal threshold range composed of a first threshold and a second threshold. The first threshold is a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spectral resolution, and the second threshold is a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spatial resolution. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold. Determining the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range includes: If the target threshold range is the optimal threshold range, then the method for adjusting the size of the superpixel unit is determined to keep the size of the superpixel unit unchanged in order to prevent frequent mode switching. If the target threshold range is not the optimal threshold range, then the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit is determined based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range. The superpixel scale adjustment degree refers to the control parameter used to quantify the level at which superpixels are functionally merged or divided, determined based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio. Different threshold ranges correspond to different superpixel scale adjustment degrees, and the superpixel adjustment degree is set to increase or decrease according to the threshold range.

2. The adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit includes: Obtain the temporal signal sequence output by the superpixel unit within a predetermined time window; The average value of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the signal strength estimate, and the standard deviation of the time-domain signal sequence is calculated as the noise strength estimate. Based on the ratio of the estimated signal strength to the estimated noise strength, the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is output.

3. An adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing device based on probe signal-to-noise ratio, characterized in that, include: The calculation module is used to calculate the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of each superpixel unit based on the signal input to the superpixel unit in real time. The comparison module is used to determine the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the comparison result between the real-time detected signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit and at least one preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold. The distribution module is used to generate reconstruction instructions based on the size adjustment method for each superpixel unit, and distribute the reconstruction instructions to each metasurface; the reconstruction instructions are used to instruct the adjustment of the resonance characteristics of the metasurface to achieve the size adjustment of the superpixel unit; Wherein, when there are multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds, the comparison module includes: The threshold interval determination submodule is used to determine multiple threshold intervals based on multiple preset signal-to-noise ratio thresholds of different sizes; The target interval determination submodule is used to determine the target threshold interval in which the real-time detection signal-to-noise ratio of the superpixel unit is located from the plurality of threshold intervals; The scale adjustment method determination submodule is used to determine the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range; wherein, the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponds to different threshold ranges; The threshold range includes an optimal threshold range composed of a first threshold and a second threshold. The first threshold is a maximum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spectral resolution, and the second threshold is a minimum preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold for ensuring spatial resolution. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold. The scale adjustment method determination submodule includes: The size-constant determination unit is used to determine, if the target threshold range is the optimal threshold range, that the size adjustment method for the superpixel unit is to keep the size of the superpixel unit constant, so as to prevent frequent mode switching. The scale adjustment method determination unit is used to determine the scale adjustment method for the superpixel unit based on the superpixel scale adjustment degree corresponding to the target threshold range if the target threshold range is not the optimal threshold range. The superpixel scale adjustment degree refers to the control parameter used to quantify the level at which superpixels are functionally merged or divided, determined based on the detection signal-to-noise ratio. Different threshold ranges correspond to different superpixel scale adjustment degrees, and the superpixel adjustment degree is set to increase or decrease according to the threshold range.

4. An adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array based on probe signal-to-noise ratio, characterized in that, The metasurface array includes multiple metasurfaces; the metasurfaces are used to adjust the resonant characteristics of the metasurfaces based on reconstruction instructions to achieve the scale adjustment of superpixel units; the reconstruction instructions are distributed through the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on probe signal-to-noise ratio as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

7. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the adaptive reconfigurable metasurface array multiplexing method based on the probe signal-to-noise ratio as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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