Multi-track grinding machine for machining disc and sleeve type workpieces

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-rail grinding machine for machining disc and sleeve type workpieces, which belongs to the technical field of grinding or polishing machine tools and devices and comprises a machine body, a linear guide rail, a workpiece spindle box, a grinding carriage, a cooling system and a protective mounting interface. The bed body is of a rigid foundation supporting structure, rectangular openings and mounting holes are formed in the bottom, mounting faces and rails are arranged on the top, and driving components and wires are contained in the bed body. The linear guide rails comprise a set of X-axis guide rails and two sets of Y-axis guide rails, the X-axis guide rails are provided with the workpiece spindle box to clamp workpieces and drive the workpieces to rotate, and the two sets of Y-axis guide rails bear the inner grinding wheel mechanism and the outer grinding wheel mechanism respectively. The inner grinding wheel mechanism is of a three-spindle rotating disc type rotation structure, and switching between a grinding station and a finishing station can be achieved. The outer grinding wheel mechanism comprises a Z-direction transmission mechanism, a grinding wheel is provided with two adjacent cutting working faces, and an included angle is matched with a workpiece machining face. The machine body is further provided with a grinding wheel dressing device, all the guide rails move independently and cooperatively form a high-precision grinding system, and the machining efficiency and precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of machine tools and devices for grinding or polishing, and particularly relates to grinding machines used for complex parts that need to be processed on both internal and external surfaces simultaneously, and which achieve composite grinding through multi-track linkage. Background Technology

[0002] Disc-type workpieces are mainly disc-shaped or ring-shaped, such as gear blanks, flanges, bearing sleeves, end caps, etc. They usually have the following characteristics: they require machining of outer cylindrical surfaces, inner holes, end faces, and stepped surfaces; some workpieces require machining of threads, grooves, or complex contours; and they have high requirements for dimensional accuracy, geometric accuracy, and surface roughness, requiring the use of specialized grinding machines for machining.

[0003] Traditional grinding machines include external cylindrical grinding machines, used for machining the outer cylindrical surface, stepped surface, and end face of disc-shaped workpieces; internal cylindrical grinding machines, used for grinding the inner holes of disc-shaped workpieces, such as the inner holes of bearing sleeves and bushings, which are especially suitable for deep hole and high-precision hole machining; and surface grinding machines, used for machining the end face, stepped surface, or reference surface that requires planar positioning of disc-shaped workpieces, such as the end face of flanges and gears.

[0004] Therefore, when machining disc-shaped workpieces, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the workpiece structure, precision, and batch size, and select different grinding machines or use a combination of multiple grinding machines, which greatly increases the complexity of the production process and the overall cost of the equipment. Providing a multi-functional grinding machine that can simultaneously or sequentially process multiple machining surfaces of shaft-shaped workpieces is of great significance for optimizing the production process of this type of workpiece, improving machining accuracy, and reducing equipment costs.

[0005] In addition, the surface properties of the grinding wheel on the grinding machine will decline due to abrasive wear and workpiece material adhesion during the grinding process. Timely cleaning is necessary to maintain its grinding efficiency and accuracy. In actual production, when grinding the inner hole of gears with high precision and flatness requirements, the grinding wheel needs to be dressed frequently. The grinding wheel needs to be cleaned and dressed every tens of seconds of grinding. The time required for grinding wheel dressing is basically the same as the grinding time. During this period, the workpiece to be processed is in a blank waiting period, which greatly increases the processing time of the workpiece and reduces the production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multi-track grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces. By integrating grinding wheels capable of simultaneously or sequentially processing multiple surfaces of the disc-shaped workpiece, along with a grinding wheel clamping and driving mechanism, on the same platform, processing efficiency and speed are improved, while equipment costs are reduced. Furthermore, this application designs the grinding wheels for internal diameter processing, which has the largest processing volume, as multiple rotating sets. While one grinding wheel is being repaired, the next grinding wheel continues processing the workpiece, significantly increasing the proportion of effective processing time to the total workpiece processing time and improving production efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces, comprising a bed 1, linear guideways, a workpiece spindle box 2, a grinding wheel head, a cooling system, and a protective mounting interface, wherein the components work together to form a high-precision grinding system; characterized in that: The bed 1 is a basic support structure, fixed to the ground, and made of rigid material. Its bottom has a rectangular opening and mounting holes. The rectangular opening is used to integrate transmission components or a cooling system; the mounting holes are used to fix the bed 1 to the ground or a mounting platform. The top of the bed 1 has a mounting surface for installing other components, with rails and functional mechanisms mounted on each rail. The bed 1 is rectangular, with an internal cavity accommodating drive components and wiring. The upper surface of the bed 1 has mounting seats for the rails, serving as the feed path. The system provides support to ensure high rigidity and stability; the bed 1 is equipped with three sets of linear guideways, namely one set of X-axis linear guideways 3 and two sets of Y-axis linear guideways 4, each of which can achieve independent displacement; the X-axis linear guideway 3 is equipped with a workpiece spindle box 2, which is used to clamp the workpiece to be ground and drive its rotation; the two sets of Y-axis linear guideways 4 respectively support the inner grinding wheel mechanism and the outer grinding wheel mechanism; the inner grinding wheel mechanism adopts a three-spindle rotary table rotating structure; the outer grinding wheel mechanism also includes a Z-axis transmission mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the workpiece spindle box 2 is located above the X-axis linear guide rail 3 on the top left side of the bed 1. The X-axis linear guide rail 3 cooperates with the X-axis slider 5. The X-axis slider 5 is provided with a mounting plate 6. The workpiece spindle box 2 is fixed on the mounting plate 6 and includes a workpiece clamping part and a feeding mechanism. The workpiece clamping part includes a three-jaw chuck 7. The feeding mechanism drives the workpiece spindle box 2 to feed axially or radially.

[0009] Preferably, grinding wheel dressing devices are respectively provided on the X-axis sliders 5 on both sides of the workpiece spindle box 2; wherein, an inner grinding wheel dresser 8 is provided at the near end of the X-axis slider 5, and an outer grinding wheel dresser 9 is provided at the far end opposite to it; the inner grinding wheel dresser 8 includes a repair machine bed 11 with its bottom surface fixed on the X-axis slider 5 and a Y-axis travel slide rail 10 provided on its top surface, and a tool mounting seat 12 that can be moved horizontally in the Y-axis travel slide rail 10, and the dressing tool is fixed on the tool mounting seat 12; the outer grinding wheel dresser 9 also includes a repair machine bed 11, a tool mounting seat 12, and a dressing tool.

[0010] Preferably, the two sets of Y-axis linear guide rails 4 are parallel to each other and are arranged on the upper right side of the bed 1, and are perpendicular to the X-axis linear guide rail 3. Each set is equipped with an independent transmission rod and a drive device.

[0011] Preferably, the Y-axis linear guide rail 4, located near the right end of the bed 1, is used to support the internal grinding wheel mechanism. Specifically, it includes a Y-axis slider 13 and an X-axis track 14 fixed thereon. The Y-axis slider 13 is mounted on the Y-axis linear guide rail 4 for Y-axis movement, and the X-axis slider 14-1 is mounted on the X-axis track 14 for X-axis movement. A three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame is mounted on its top. The three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame includes a rotating support frame 15 and a fixed frame 16. The rotating support frame 15 is located at the front end near the workpiece spindle box 2, and the fixed frame 16 is located at the rear end. The rotating support frame 15 includes an annular rotary disk, which is connected to the drive device via a central drive shaft 17. The annular rotary disk is mounted at the end of the central drive shaft 17. The annular rotary disk has three spindle mounting holes evenly distributed around its circumference, each housing three independent internal grinding wheel spindle boxes 18. Through an indexing drive mechanism in the prior art, the central drive shaft 17 is driven to achieve 120° equal-division rotational positioning. Three identical internal grinding wheels are respectively mounted on three independent internal grinding wheel spindle boxes 18. Each internal grinding wheel spindle box 18 includes a spindle housing with a grinding wheel spindle inside, a grinding wheel spindle, a grinding wheel drive motor, and a grinding wheel mounting flange. The grinding wheel spindle is supported by hydrostatic bearings, the grinding wheel drive motor drives the grinding wheel spindle to rotate, and the grinding wheel mounting flange is located at the front end of the grinding wheel spindle for mounting the grinding wheel corresponding to the grinding process. Two inner and outer grinding wheels are located on the same horizontal working surface. The inner grinding wheel grinds the inner hole surface of the disc-shaped workpiece, while the outer grinding wheel is dressed by the inner grinding wheel dresser 8. After grinding, the dressing of the outer grinding wheel is also completed. The annular rotary disc drives the three inner grinding wheel spindle boxes 18 to rotate 120° in the same direction. That is, the grinding wheel that was just in the grinding state rotates to the lower position to be dressed, and the dressed grinding wheel rotates to the grinding station. The grinding wheel that was in the dressing state in the previous cycle rotates to the dressing station.

[0012] The fixing frame 16 is located behind the annular rotary disk. Its outer shape and size are the same as those of the annular rotary disk. Inside the fixing frame 16, in the area corresponding to the three main shaft mounting holes on the annular rotary disk, there are fixing holes 19, each with a shape and size that match the rear section of the three independent inner grinding wheel spindle boxes 18 installed in the main shaft mounting holes. The central drive shaft 17 passes through the central through hole of the fixing frame 16 and is connected to the annular rotary disk. The fixing frame 16 is movably connected to the central drive shaft 17 and provides support for it. At the same time, the fixing frame 16 is driven by an independent cylinder and can move back and forth along the central drive shaft 17 at the top of the X-axis slider 14-1. When the annular rotary disk rotates, the fixing frame 16 moves backward. When the annular rotary disk rotates to its position, the fixing frame 16 moves forward and engages the rear sections of the three independent inner grinding wheel spindle boxes 18 into the corresponding fixing holes 19, providing positioning and support. When the inner and outer inner grinding wheels, which are on the same horizontal working surface, have completed grinding and dressing respectively, and the work position needs to be switched, the fixing frame 16 moves backward again, and so on in a repetitive cycle.

[0013] Preferably, the Y-axis linear guide rail 4, located at the far right end of the bed 1, is used to support the outer grinding wheel mechanism. It also includes a Y-axis slider 13. A slide rail is provided on the contact surface between the spindle box base of the outer grinding wheel and the spindle box 20 of the outer grinding wheel. The slide rail moves along the slide rail by the cooperation of the rack 21 located on the outside of the spindle box base and the gear 22 located on the outside of the spindle box 20. The spindle box 20 of the outer grinding wheel is provided with the outer grinding wheel spindle and the corresponding transmission mechanism. A drive motor is provided on the top right side of the spindle box 20. The drive motor is connected to the transmission mechanism of the outer grinding wheel through an external transmission belt, which drives the outer grinding wheel to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the external grinding wheel 23 has two adjacent cutting surfaces, and the included angle between the two surfaces matches the included angle between the corresponding machining surfaces of the disc-shaped workpiece to be processed.

[0015] Preferably, a Z-axis rotating box 24 is also provided on the Y-axis linear guide rail 4 located at the far right end of the bed 1 and fixed on the Y-axis slider 13. A Z-axis rotating shaft is installed in the Z-axis rotating box 24 and is connected to the base of the outer grinding wheel spindle box 20 located on the top of the Z-axis rotating box 24, thereby driving the base of the outer grinding wheel spindle box 20 and the mechanism installed thereon to rotate along the Z-axis. Beneficial effects

[0016] The multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces provided by this invention integrates multiple sets of grinding wheels and drive mechanisms on the same platform, enabling simultaneous or sequential processing of multiple surfaces such as the inner and outer surfaces and end faces of the workpiece. This eliminates the need for multiple traditional grinding machine combinations, significantly simplifying the production process and reducing overall equipment costs. Furthermore, the internal grinding wheels are designed as a three-spindle rotary table rotating structure. When one set of grinding wheels is grinding the inner hole, another set can be simultaneously dressed. Through 120° equally spaced rotation positioning and the support positioning of the fixed frame 16, the grinding and dressing stations can be cyclically switched, eliminating the need for the workpiece to wait during grinding wheel dressing, greatly increasing the effective processing time and significantly improving production efficiency. In addition, the external grinding wheel mechanism is equipped with a Z-axis transmission mechanism and a double cutting working surface with a specific included angle, which can adapt to the processing requirements of stepped surfaces and complex contours of disc-type workpieces. The grinding wheel angle can be adjusted by rotating the Z-axis, which enhances the adaptability of the equipment to different workpiece structures. The internal and external grinding wheel dressers 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workpiece spindle box 2. Combined with the displacement coordination of the X-axis and Y-axis linear guides, the grinding wheel dressing operation can be accurately completed, ensuring the stable grinding performance of the grinding wheel. The bed 1 adopts a rigid material and a linear guide structure with three sets of independent displacements, which provides high rigidity support for each functional mechanism, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the workpiece during processing and meeting the high requirements of disc-type workpieces for dimensional accuracy and geometrical accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-track grinding machine.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right view.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Rear view.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the switching between grinding and dressing states of the three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the working state of the three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a top view of the three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame in operation.

[0025] In the diagram, the components are: 1. Bed; 2. Workpiece spindle box; 3. X-axis linear guide; 4. Y-axis linear guide; 5. X-axis slider; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Three-jaw chuck; 8. Internal grinding wheel dresser; 9. External grinding wheel dresser; 10. Y-axis travel slide rail; 11. Repair bed; 12. Tool mounting seat; 13. Y-axis slider; 14. X-axis track; 14-1 X-axis slider; 15. Rotary support frame; 16. Fixed frame; 17. Center drive shaft; 18. Internal grinding wheel spindle box; 19. Fixed hole; 20. External grinding wheel spindle box; 21. Rack; 22. Gear; 23. External grinding wheel; 24. Z-axis rotary box. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Reference Appendix Figure 1-6 The multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces provided in this embodiment is composed of a bed 1, linear guide rails, workpiece spindle box 2, grinding wheel head, cooling system and protective mounting interface, etc., which together constitute a high-precision grinding system.

[0027] The bed 1 serves as the basic support structure, made of rigid material and fixed to the ground. Three sets of linear guides are installed on its top, including one set of X-axis linear guides 3 and two sets of Y-axis linear guides 4. Each guide rail can move independently to support the workpiece spindle box 2, the internal grinding wheel mechanism and the external grinding wheel mechanism, so as to realize the synchronous or sequential processing of multiple machining surfaces.

[0028] The bed 1 is rectangular, with an internal cavity accommodating the drive components and wiring. The bottom has a rectangular opening for integrating transmission components or a cooling system, and mounting holes for fixing the bed 1. A track mounting base is installed on the upper surface of the bed 1, providing high-rigidity support for the feed system and ensuring machining stability. An X-axis linear guide 3 is located on the top left side of the bed 1, cooperating with an X-axis slider 5. A workpiece spindle box 2 is mounted on the slider, driving the workpiece spindle box 2 to feed axially or radially. Two sets of Y-axis linear guides 4 are arranged parallel to each other on the upper right side of the bed 1, perpendicular to the X-axis guides, each containing an independent transmission rod and drive device. The near-end Y-axis guide carries the inner grinding wheel mechanism, while the far-end Y-axis guide carries the outer grinding wheel mechanism and the Z-axis transmission mechanism. The workpiece spindle box 2 is fixed to the mounting plate 6 of the X-axis slider 5, located on the top left side of the bed 1, and includes a workpiece clamping section and a feed mechanism. The clamping section uses a three-jaw chuck 7 to clamp the workpiece to be ground, and the feed mechanism drives it to move along the X-axis guide.

[0029] The inner grinding wheel dresser 8 is located near the X-axis slider 5 and includes a dresser bed 11, the bottom of which is fixed to the X-axis slider 5. The top surface is provided with a Y-axis travel slide rail 10, as well as a tool mounting seat 12 and a dressing tool that can move along the slide rail. The outer grinding wheel dresser 9 is symmetrically arranged at the far end of the X-axis slider 5 and includes a dresser bed 11, a tool mounting seat 12, a dressing tool, and a manual worm gear mechanism. The worm gear mechanism drives the dresser to move along the X-axis and, in conjunction with the Y-axis movement, achieves precise dressing.

[0030] Reference Appendix Figure 7 The internal grinding wheel mechanism is installed on the Y-axis guide rail near the right side of the bed 1. It moves in the Y direction through the Y-axis slider 13. The top of the slider is provided with an X-axis rail 14. The X-axis slider 14-1 is locked into the rail to move in the X direction. The top of the slider is equipped with a three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame, including a rotating support frame 15 and a fixed frame 16. The front end of the rotating support frame 15 is provided with an annular rotary wheel, which is connected to the drive device through the central drive shaft 17. Three spindle mounting holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotary wheel. Each hole is equipped with an independent internal grinding wheel spindle box 18. The spindle box includes a grinding wheel spindle, a grinding wheel drive motor, and a grinding wheel mounting flange for installing the internal grinding wheel. The fixed frame 16 has a fixing hole 19 that matches the size of the rotary wheel and is movably connected to the central drive shaft 17. It is driven by an independent cylinder to move back and forth along the central drive shaft 17 to support and position the spindle box.

[0031] Switching between grinding and finishing: Initial state: Of the three internal grinding wheels, the inner grinding wheel grinds the inner hole of the workpiece, while the outer grinding wheel is dressed by the internal grinding dresser.

[0032] During switching: the fixed frame 16 moves backward, and the annular rotary disc rotates 120° under the drive of the indexing drive mechanism, so that the grinding wheel that has been ground moves to the dressing position, the dressing wheel moves to the grinding position, and the grinding wheel that has been dressed moves to the dressing position; the fixed frame 16 moves forward and clamps the rear section of the spindle box, thus completing the station switching.

[0033] The external grinding wheel mechanism is mounted on the Y-axis guide rail at the far right end of the bed 1, and moves in the Y direction through the Y-axis slider 13. The spindle box base and the contact surface of the spindle box are equipped with a slide rail, and translation is achieved by the cooperation of the rack 21 on the outer side of the base and the gear 22 on the outer side of the spindle box. The spindle box contains the external grinding wheel spindle and transmission mechanism, and the top drive motor on the right side drives the grinding wheel to rotate through the belt. The external grinding wheel has two adjacent cutting surfaces, and the included angle matches the included angle of the workpiece to be processed, such as the step surface or the machining surface of the complex contour, to adapt to different workpiece structures. The Z-axis rotating box 24 is fixed on the Y-axis slider 13 of the far Y-axis guide rail. The Z-axis rotating shaft inside the box is connected to the base of the external grinding wheel spindle box 20, which drives the spindle box to rotate along the Z-axis and adjusts the grinding wheel angle to adapt to the workpiece processing requirements.

[0034] The rectangular opening at the bottom of the bed 1 integrates a cooling system, which delivers coolant to the grinding area through pipes to reduce grinding temperature and remove grinding debris. A protective mounting interface is provided for installing a protective cover to ensure operational safety.

[0035] Overall workflow of the equipment: ① Workpiece clamping and positioning: Clamp the disc-type workpiece in the three-jaw chuck 7 of the workpiece spindle box 2, and adjust the position of the workpiece by means of the X-axis guide rail; ② Internal grinding: The inner grinding wheel grinds the inner hole of the workpiece, while the outer grinding wheel is dressed by a dresser; after grinding, the three spindle turntables rotate 120° to switch positions to achieve uninterrupted processing; ③ External grinding: The external grinding wheel is fed through the Y-axis guide rail and the angle is adjusted by the rotation of the Z-axis. The double cutting working surface is used to process the outer cylindrical surface, stepped surface or complex contour of the workpiece. ④ Dressing is carried out simultaneously: The internal and external grinding wheel dressers 9 dress the grinding wheels during the processing to ensure grinding accuracy.

[0036] This embodiment achieves synchronous or sequential processing of the inner and outer surfaces and end faces of disc-shaped workpieces through multi-track integration and a three-spindle rotary table structure, simplifying the production process and reducing equipment costs; grinding wheel dressing and processing are carried out simultaneously, increasing the proportion of effective processing time and significantly improving production efficiency; Z-axis transmission and dual working surface design enhance the equipment's adaptability to complex workpieces and meet the requirements of high-precision processing.

Claims

1. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces, comprising a bed (1), linear guideways, a workpiece spindle box (2), a grinding wheel head, a cooling system, and a protective mounting interface, wherein the components work together to form a high-precision grinding system; characterized in that: The bed (1) is a basic support structure, fixed to the ground, and made of rigid material. It has a rectangular opening and mounting holes at the bottom. The rectangular opening is used to integrate transmission components or a cooling system. The mounting holes are used to fix the bed (1) to the ground or a mounting platform. The top of the bed (1) has a mounting surface for installing other components. Rails are mounted on the mounting surface, and functional mechanisms are installed on each rail. The bed (1) is rectangular, and its internal cavity accommodates drive components and wiring. The upper surface of the bed (1) has mounting seats for the rails, serving as the feed system. The system provides support to ensure high rigidity and stability; the bed (1) is equipped with three sets of linear guides, namely one set of X-axis linear guides (3) and two sets of Y-axis linear guides (4), each set of rails can achieve independent displacement; among them, the X-axis linear guide (3) is equipped with a workpiece spindle box (2) for clamping the workpiece to be ground and driving it to rotate; the two sets of Y-axis linear guides (4) respectively carry the inner grinding wheel mechanism and the outer grinding wheel mechanism; among them, the inner grinding wheel mechanism adopts a three-spindle rotary table rotation structure; the outer grinding wheel mechanism also includes a Z-axis transmission mechanism.

2. The multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece spindle box (2) is located above the X-axis linear guide rail (3) on the top left side of the bed (1). The X-axis linear guide rail (3) cooperates with the X-axis slider (5). The X-axis slider (5) is provided with a mounting plate (6). The workpiece spindle box (2) is fixed on the mounting plate (6) and includes a workpiece clamping part and a feeding mechanism. The workpiece clamping part includes a three-jaw chuck (7). The feeding mechanism drives the workpiece spindle box (2) to feed axially or radially.

3. The multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the X-axis sliders (5) on both sides of the workpiece spindle box (2), grinding wheel dressing devices are respectively provided; among them, an internal grinding wheel dresser (8) is provided at the near end of the X-axis slider (5), and an external grinding wheel dresser (9) is provided at the far end opposite to it; the internal grinding wheel dresser (8) includes a repair machine bed (11) with its bottom surface fixed on the X-axis slider (5) and a Y-axis travel slide rail (10) provided on its top surface, and a tool mounting seat (12) that can be moved in the Y-axis travel slide rail (10), and the dressing tool is fixed on the tool mounting seat (12); the external grinding wheel dresser (9) also includes a repair machine bed (11), a tool mounting seat (12) and a dressing tool.

4. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of Y-axis linear guide rails (4) are parallel to each other and are set on the upper right side of the bed (1), and are perpendicular to the X-axis linear guide rail (3). Each of them is equipped with an independent transmission rod and a drive device.

5. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, A Y-axis linear guide rail (4) located near the right side of the bed (1) is used to support the internal grinding wheel mechanism. Specifically, it includes a Y-axis slider (13) and an X-axis rail (14) fixed thereon. The Y-axis slider (13) is mounted on the Y-axis linear guide rail (4) for Y-axis movement, and the X-axis slider (14-1) is mounted on the X-axis rail (14) for X-axis movement. A three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame is installed on its top. The three-spindle rotary grinding wheel frame includes a rotating support frame (15) and a fixed frame (16). The rotating support frame (15) is provided with... At the front end near the workpiece spindle box (2), the fixing frame (16) is set at the rear end; the rotating support frame (15) includes an annular rotary disk, which is connected to the driving device through the central drive shaft (17); the annular rotary disk is installed at the end of the central drive shaft (17), and three spindle mounting holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the annular rotary disk, each mounting a separate internal grinding wheel spindle box (18), and through the indexing drive mechanism in the prior art, the central drive shaft (17) is driven to achieve 120° equal division rotation positioning; Three identical internal grinding wheels are respectively mounted on three independent internal grinding wheel spindle boxes (18). Each internal grinding wheel spindle box (18) includes a spindle housing with a grinding wheel spindle inside, a grinding wheel spindle, a grinding wheel drive motor, and a grinding wheel mounting flange. The grinding wheel spindle is supported by hydrostatic bearings. The grinding wheel drive motor drives the grinding wheel spindle to rotate. The grinding wheel mounting flange is located at the front end of the grinding wheel spindle and is used to install the grinding wheel corresponding to the grinding process. Two inner grinding wheels are located on the same horizontal working surface. The inner grinding wheel grinds the inner hole surface of the disc-shaped workpiece, while the outer inner grinding wheel is dressed by the inner grinding wheel dresser (8). After grinding, the dressing of the outer grinding wheel is also completed. The annular rotary disc drives the three inner grinding wheel spindle boxes (18) to rotate 120° in the same direction. That is, the grinding wheel that was just in the grinding process rotates to the bottom and is in the dressing state. The dressed grinding wheel rotates to the grinding station, and the grinding wheel that was in the dressing state in the previous cycle rotates to the dressing station.

6. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing frame (16) is located behind the annular rotary disk. Its outer shape and size are the same as those of the annular rotary disk. Inside the fixing frame, in the area corresponding to the three main shaft mounting holes on the annular rotary disk, there are fixing holes (19) whose shape and size are respectively matched with the rear section of the three independent internal grinding wheel spindle boxes (18) installed in the main shaft mounting holes. The central drive shaft (17) passes through the central through hole of the fixing frame (16) and is connected to the annular rotary disk. The fixing frame (16) is movably connected to the central drive shaft (17) and provides support for it. Meanwhile, the fixed frame (16) is driven by an independent cylinder and can move back and forth along the central drive shaft (17) at the top of the X-axis slider (14-1); when the annular rotary disk rotates, the fixed frame (16) moves backward, the annular rotary disk rotates into place, the fixed frame (16) moves forward, and the rear section of the three independent inner grinding wheel spindle box (18) is inserted into the corresponding fixed hole (19) to play a positioning and support role. After the inner and outer inner grinding wheels in the same horizontal working surface have completed grinding and dressing respectively, the fixed frame (16) moves backward again to switch the work position.

7. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis linear guide rail (4) located at the far right end of the bed (1) is used to support the external grinding wheel mechanism. It also includes a Y-axis slider (13). A slide rail is provided on the contact surface between the spindle box base of the external grinding wheel and the spindle box (20) of the external grinding wheel. The slide rail moves along the slide rail by the cooperation of the rack (21) located on the outside of the spindle box base and the gear (22) located on the outside of the spindle box (20). The spindle box (20) of the external grinding wheel is provided with the external grinding wheel spindle and the corresponding transmission mechanism. A drive motor is provided on the top right side of the spindle box (20). The drive motor is connected to the transmission mechanism of the external grinding wheel through an external transmission belt, which drives the external grinding wheel to rotate.

8. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The external grinding wheel (23) on the external grinding wheel mechanism has two adjacent cutting surfaces, and the included angle between the two working surfaces matches the included angle between the corresponding machining surfaces of the workpiece to be processed.

9. A multi-rail grinding machine for processing disc-shaped workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that, A Z-axis rotating box (24) is also provided on the Y-axis linear guide rail (4) at the far right end of the bed (1) and fixed on the Y-axis slider (13). A Z-axis rotating shaft is installed in the Z-axis rotating box (24). The Z-axis rotating shaft is connected to the base of the outer grinding wheel spindle box (20) located on the top of the Z-axis rotating box (24) and drives the base of the outer grinding wheel spindle box (20) and the mechanism installed on it to rotate along the Z-axis.

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