T-shaped wooden column-hole hidden graphite hardwood-graphite layer-column base stone isolation system
By designing a seismic isolation system consisting of a T-shaped wooden column, a perforated graphite hardwood, a graphite layer, and a concave spherical band with limiting along the column base stone, the problem of T-shaped wooden columns sliding and self-resetting under seismic loads was solved. This system achieves self-resetting of the structure and improves its seismic toughness, making it suitable for the seismic isolation needs of newly constructed wooden buildings.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
Smart Images
Figure CN121700931B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a seismic isolation system consisting of a T-shaped wooden column, a perforated graphite hardwood, a graphite layer, and a concave spherical base stone with limiting features, belonging to the field of seismic isolation technology in civil engineering. Background Technology
[0002] Current Status of Newly Built Timber-Framed Houses Nationwide: Timber structures offer both earthquake resistance and thermal insulation, and have a short construction cycle. In recent years, timber-framed houses have seen a gradual increase in their proportion of new construction in China due to their advantages such as environmental friendliness, energy conservation, and high construction efficiency. Cultural and tourism buildings feature diverse timber-framed designs, employing round, square, L-shaped, T-shaped, and cross-shaped timber columns depending on the building's structural requirements and load-bearing capacity. With the increasing scarcity of large-diameter timber resources, the use of traditional large-diameter round or square timber columns in timber-framed designs is limited by the availability of large-diameter logs. This invention proposes a technical solution for using relatively small-diameter round timber to construct T-shaped timber columns for the side columns of timber-framed houses. The axis of the T-shaped timber column is aligned with the axis of the wall panel, which not only meets the needs of the building's floor plan but also addresses the mechanical performance requirements of using relatively small-diameter round timber instead of relatively large-diameter round timber for the columns under compression, shear, and bending. Currently, the earthquake resistance and resilience of timber structures urgently need improvement. Resilience, also known as recoverability, describes the ability of a system to maintain and restore its original function after being disturbed. Seismic resilience refers to a building's ability to maintain and restore its original functions after being subjected to a specific level of earthquake. Improving the seismic resilience of timber structures can be achieved through seismic resistance measures, seismic isolation measures, or a combination of both. However, low-cost seismic isolation technologies are severely lacking in newly constructed cultural and tourism timber structures. Therefore, developing a seismic isolation system for T-shaped timber columns, featuring a concave spherical base with limiting spacers, is not only necessary to ensure the seismic safety of timber structures but also to guarantee the safety of interior decoration systems and water and electricity facilities under strong earthquakes. This can significantly reduce post-earthquake repair costs and significantly improve the seismic resilience of timber structures.
[0003] The T-shaped wooden column is composed of three round logs at the ends of the column members, round logs at the intersection of the column members, square wooden ladders, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square wooden ladders. The bottom of the round logs at the ends of the three column members rests on three column base stones. There are two structural forms: (1) The upper surface of the three column base stones is flat, and the bottom of the round logs at the ends of the three column members of the T-shaped wooden column is directly placed on the three column base stones. Under earthquake action, the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column and the column base stones form a sliding isolation structure. This structure has the advantage of reducing the transmission of earthquake action to the superstructure due to the isolation effect of the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column under earthquake action, but there is a risk of post-earthquake damage to the T-shaped wooden column. The defect that the wooden column cannot be reset after sliding is that the T-shaped wooden column cannot be reset after the earthquake, which makes the structure unable to maintain and restore its original function and has poor seismic toughness; (2) The center of the upper surface of the three column base stones is set with grooves, and the bottom of the three round woods or the bottom protruding wooden tenons at the end of the T-shaped wooden column are respectively embedded in the grooves on the upper part of the three column base stones. Under the action of earthquake, the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column and the column base stone form a non-slip seismic isolation structure. The bottom of the T-shaped wooden column cannot reduce the horizontal seismic action transmitted to the upper structure like the slip seismic isolation. Although the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column does not slip after the earthquake and remains in the original position, the seismic isolation performance is poor. The key technical challenge in improving the seismic toughness of T-shaped wooden columns lies in designing the structure between the bottom of the three round logs at the ends of the T-shaped wooden column and the three column base stones as a sliding self-resetting seismic isolation structure. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a seismic isolation system that can both slide and self-reset after an earthquake between the bottom of the three round logs at the ends of the T-shaped wooden column and the three column base stones. This system has the advantages of reducing the transmission of ground motion to the upper structure due to the seismic isolation at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column and the structural toughness and seismic resistance advantages of self-resetting after an earthquake. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical objective of this invention is to design a seismic isolation system consisting of a T-shaped wooden column, three perforated graphite hardwood sections, a graphite layer, and a concave spherical base stone with limiting edge, primarily used for seismic isolation and self-resetting of the base of T-shaped wooden columns in a timber structure. This system comprises a T-shaped wooden column, three perforated graphite hardwood sections, three concave spherical base stones with limiting edge, a graphite layer, and three annular tempered glass sealing plates. The T-shaped wooden column is constructed from four round logs connected by square timber ladders and bamboo plywood. The perforated graphite hardwood section consists of a convex spherical section processed from a single piece of wood, a thick cylindrical section, perforated graphite holes, and a thin cylindrical connecting key. The graphite layer reduces the friction between the convex spherical surface of the perforated graphite hardwood and the concave spherical surface of the base stone. The concave spherical surface of the base stone allows the T-shaped wooden column to self-reset after an earthquake, and the limiting edge of the base stone restricts excessive displacement of the base of the T-shaped wooden column during vibration. The annular tempered glass sealing plates provide a waterproof seal. This seismic isolation system has the advantages of reducing the seismic force on the superstructure by isolating the base of the T-shaped wooden columns and achieving structural toughness and seismic resistance through self-resetting after an earthquake.
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone, including a T-shaped wooden column. The T-shaped wooden column is set at the middle connection node of the wooden frame house, and the axis of the T-shaped wooden column is consistent with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house.
[0006] Its features include: it further includes a perforated graphite hardwood and a concave spherical base stone with a limiting edge; the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column is embedded and connected to the upper part of the perforated graphite hardwood, and the lower part of the perforated graphite hardwood is in contact with the concave spherical base stone with a limiting edge.
[0007] The T-shaped wooden column includes three T-shaped wooden column legs and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the T-shaped wooden column legs; two T-shaped wooden column legs are arranged along the length to form a straight section, and one T-shaped wooden column leg is a vertical section. The vertical section is arranged vertically along the midpoint of the straight section, and the three T-shaped wooden column legs form a T-shaped structure.
[0008] Each of the T-shaped wooden column segments is composed of end round logs, intersection round logs, and multiple square timber ladders connected between them; each square timber ladder is connected by two parallel column segments; the square timber ladders between each T-shaped wooden column segment are staggered; the three T-shaped wooden column segments share the intersection round log; the end round logs, square timber ladders, and intersection round logs of the T-shaped wooden column segments are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood is connected to the T-shaped wooden column segments by self-tapping screws; the bottoms of the three end round logs are placed on three concave spherical base stones with limiting features;
[0009] The concave spherical surface with limiting edge has a groove on the upper part of the column base stone, and the groove is vertically processed into a concave spherical surface. The circumference of the concave spherical surface is a circular limiting edge. The lower part of the graphite hardwood with hole is sealed and connected to the circular limiting edge by a ring tempered glass sealing plate. The surface of the concave spherical surface is filled with a graphite layer.
[0010] The perforated graphite hardwood is composed of a convex spherical section, a coarse cylindrical section, and a fine cylindrical connecting key arranged from bottom to top, processed from a single piece of wood. A cylindrical hole is located at the bottom center of the T-shaped wooden column. The diameter and length of the fine cylindrical connecting key are consistent with the diameter and depth of the cylindrical hole at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column, and the fine cylindrical connecting key is embedded into the cylindrical hole at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column. The curvature of the convex spherical section is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical section. The perforated graphite hardwood has graphite holes; vertical graphite holes extend from the upper surface of the coarse cylindrical section down to the convex spherical surface and are radially distributed along the coarse cylindrical section; oblique graphite holes slope downwards along the side of the coarse cylindrical section, extending through the vertical graphite holes and circumferentially distributed along the coarse cylindrical section.
[0011] The T-shaped wooden post is composed of three round logs at the ends of the three column members, round logs at the intersection of the column members, square timber ladders, and bamboo plywood covering both sides of the square timber ladders. The T-shaped wooden post has four round logs, including the round logs at the ends of the three column members and the round logs at the intersection of the column members, which serve as the common edge components of the three column members. After the round logs at the ends of the three column members, the square timber ladders, and the round logs at the intersections are connected by mortise and tenon joints, the square timber ladders are covered on both sides with bamboo plywood and connected with self-tapping screws. The square timbers of the square timber ladders are spaced approximately 300mm apart, with a cross-sectional width of 1 / 3 of the diameter of the round logs and a cross-sectional height of twice the cross-sectional width. The bottom center of the round logs at the ends of the three column members of the T-shaped wooden post is machined with a round hole with a diameter not less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the round logs and a depth not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the round logs. The round logs at the ends of the T-shaped wooden columns, the round logs at the intersections of the columns, and the square wooden ladders are made of pine and other woods. The bottoms of the three round logs at the ends of the columns are placed on three column base stones.
[0012] The aforementioned perforated graphite hardwood is composed of a convex spherical section, a coarse cylindrical section, graphite-containing holes, and a fine cylindrical connecting key, all processed from a single piece of wood. The hardwood is made from hard, broad-leaved wood such as oak, teak, and beech. The diameter and length of the fine cylindrical connecting key are consistent with the diameter and depth of the round holes at the bottom of the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column. The curvature of the convex spherical surface of the perforated graphite hardwood is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface of the column base stone.
[0013] The aforementioned graphite-containing holes consist of four symmetrically arranged vertical circular holes that extend from the top of the coarse hardwood cylinder containing the graphite to the convex spherical surface below, and four oblique circular holes that slope downwards from the side of the coarse hardwood cylinder containing the graphite and connect to the four vertical circular holes. During construction, a small amount of graphite is first laid between the convex spherical surface of the hardwood cylinder containing the graphite and the concave spherical surface of the column base stone. After all the graphite is in place, graphite is poured in through the side holes of the coarse hardwood cylinder section to form the graphite-containing structure. After the graphite is poured in, the side holes of the coarse cylindrical section are sealed with small round logs.
[0014] The thin cylindrical connecting key has the same size as the bottom round hole of the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column. The thin cylindrical connecting key is used to insert into the bottom round hole of the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column to achieve positioning and docking.
[0015] The connection between the perforated graphite hardwood and the bottom of the round wooden column is achieved by first applying structural adhesive to the upper surface of the three perforated graphite hardwoods and the surface of the thin cylindrical connecting key, and then inserting the perforated graphite hardwood thin cylindrical connecting key into the bottom round hole of the round wood at the end of the three column legs of the T-shaped wooden column to achieve their connection.
[0016] The concave spherical column base stone is a round, drum-shaped, or square column base stone with a cylindrical groove on the upper part, which is processed from granite such as bluestone and the groove is processed downward into a concave spherical surface.
[0017] The graphite layer mentioned above is a graphite layer laid on the concave spherical surface of the column base stone with a limiting function, and it serves as a lubricant.
[0018] The aforementioned annular tempered glass cover is an 8mm thick annular tempered glass cover. A 10mm x 10mm square sponge strip is pasted around the perimeter of the annular glass cover. The sponge strip is pasted 10mm inward from the outer edge to provide space for the glass glue sealant. The square sponge strip serves to prevent the annular tempered glass from colliding with the column base stone limit edge during the sliding process of the wooden column bottom. During construction, first insert the three ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates into the bottom of the round logs at the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column, about 300mm high (the 300mm height of the bottom of the round logs at the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column corresponds to the bottom height of the bamboo plywood). Then, use four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screws on the round logs below the three ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates to connect them to the round logs and support the three ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates. After the seismic isolation system is installed, remove the self-tapping screws and small wooden blocks and lower the three ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates into place. Then, seal the joints between the three ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plates and the corresponding round logs, as well as the positions of the square sponge strips that contact the corresponding concave spherical limiters along the column base stone, with glass glue.
[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention relates to a T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-concave spherical band limiting seismic isolation system along the column base stone, which has the following advantages:
[0020] (1) The perforated graphite hardwood and concave spherical limiting column base stone of the T-shaped wooden column-hole graphite hardwood-graphite layer-concave spherical limiting column base stone of the present invention can be standardized in design and industrialized in preparation. They are low in cost, easy to assemble and construct, and easy to promote and apply.
[0021] (2) The wood of the hole-filled graphite hardwood, the stone of the concave spherical limit column base stone and the graphite of the graphite layer of the seismic isolation system are all materials with stable physical and chemical properties and good durability.
[0022] (3) The graphite layer of the seismic isolation system can reduce the friction between the convex spherical surface of the porous graphite hardwood and the concave spherical surface of the column base stone. The concave spherical surface of the column base stone has the function of self-resetting of the T-shaped wooden column under its own weight after the earthquake. The column base stone limiter has the function of limiting the excessive displacement of the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column during the earthquake. The seismic isolation system has the function of reducing the seismic effect of the superstructure by isolating the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column and can self-reset after the earthquake, thus realizing the structural toughness and earthquake resistance. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-concave spherical band limiting seismic isolation system along the column base stone.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped wooden pillar structure.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the graphite hardwood and its cross-section.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the concave spherical surface with a limiting feature along the column base stone and its cross-section. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-column base stone seismic isolation system includes a T-shaped wooden column 1, which is set at the middle connection node of the wooden frame house, and the axis of the T-shaped wooden column 1 is consistent with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house.
[0029] It also includes a perforated graphite hardwood 9 and a concave spherical base stone with a limiting edge 15; the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column 1 is embedded and connected to the upper part of the perforated graphite hardwood 9, and the lower part of the perforated graphite hardwood 9 is in contact with the concave spherical base stone with a limiting edge 15.
[0030] The T-shaped wooden column 1 includes three T-shaped wooden column legs 2 and bamboo plywood 8 covering both sides of the T-shaped wooden column legs 2; two T-shaped wooden column legs 2 are arranged along the length to form a straight section, and one T-shaped wooden column leg 2 is a vertical section. The vertical section is arranged vertically along the midpoint of the straight section, and the three T-shaped wooden column legs 2 form a T-shaped structure.
[0031] Each of the T-shaped wooden column limbs 2 is composed of end round logs 4, intersection round logs 5, and multiple square wooden ladders 7 between them; each square wooden ladder 7 is connected by two parallel column limb frames 3; the square wooden ladders 7 between each T-shaped wooden column limb 2 are arranged alternately; the three T-shaped wooden column limbs 2 share the intersection round logs 5; the end round logs 4, square wooden ladders 7, and intersection round logs 5 of the T-shaped wooden column limb 2 are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood 8 is connected to the T-shaped wooden column limb 2 by self-tapping screws; the bottom of the three end round logs 4 is placed on three concave spherical limit stones along the column base 15;
[0032] The concave spherical surface with limiting edge has a groove on the upper part of the column base stone 15, and the groove is vertically processed into a concave spherical surface 16. The circumferential direction of the concave spherical surface 16 is a circular limiting edge 17. The lower part of the hole-embedded graphite hardwood 9 is sealed and connected to the circular limiting edge 17 by a ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plate 18. The surface of the concave spherical surface 16 is filled with a graphite layer 14.
[0033] The perforated graphite hardwood 9 is composed of a convex spherical section 10, a coarse cylindrical section 11, and a fine cylindrical connecting key 13 arranged from bottom to top, all processed from a single piece of wood. A cylindrical hole 6 is located at the bottom center of the T-shaped wooden column 1. The diameter and length of the fine cylindrical connecting key 13 are consistent with the diameter and depth of the cylindrical hole 6 at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column. The fine cylindrical connecting key 13 is embedded and connected to the cylindrical hole 6 at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column. The curvature of the convex spherical section 10 is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface 16. The perforated graphite hardwood 9 has graphite holes 12. Vertical graphite holes 12 penetrate the convex spherical surface from the upper surface to the lower surface of the coarse cylindrical section 11 and are radially distributed along the coarse cylindrical section 11. Oblique graphite holes 12 slope downwards along the side of the coarse cylindrical section 11 and penetrate the vertical graphite holes 12, and are circumferentially distributed along the coarse cylindrical section 11.
[0034] Furthermore, the T-shaped wooden column 1 is a circular cross-section wooden column processed from logs.
[0035] Furthermore, the bottom center of the T-shaped wooden column 1 is machined with a hole diameter not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the T-shaped wooden column 1, and a hole depth not less than 1.5 times the hole diameter.
[0036] Furthermore, the perforated graphite hardwood 9 is made from hard, broad-leaved wood logs such as oak, teak, or beech.
[0037] Furthermore, the size of the thin cylindrical connecting key 13 is consistent with the size of the bottom round hole of the T-shaped wooden column 1, and the thin cylindrical connecting key 13 is used to insert into the bottom round hole of the T-shaped wooden column 1 to achieve positioning and docking.
[0038] Furthermore, to connect the perforated graphite hardwood 9 to the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column 1, structural adhesive is first applied to the upper surface of the perforated graphite hardwood and the surface of the thin cylindrical connecting key, and then the perforated graphite hardwood thin cylindrical connecting key is inserted into the round hole at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column to achieve the connection between the two.
[0039] Furthermore, the concave spherical column base stone 15 is made of granite with a cylindrical groove on the upper part, and the groove is processed downward into a concave spherical column base stone, a drum-shaped column base stone, or a square column base stone.
[0040] Furthermore, the graphite layer 14 is laid on the concave spherical surface of the column base stone with limiting function, and plays a lubricating role.
[0041] Furthermore, the graphite storage hole 12 is used to store graphite. When subjected to an earthquake, the seismic isolation system is activated, and the graphite in the vertical graphite storage hole 12 flows out to replenish the graphite layer 14 on the concave spherical surface 16 of the column base stone, thereby enhancing the seismic isolation effect. When the amount of graphite in the vertical graphite storage hole 12 is insufficient, it is supplemented through the oblique graphite storage hole 12.
[0042] During construction, graphite is first laid between the convex spherical section 10 and the concave spherical section 16. After all sections are in place, graphite is then injected through the side holes of the coarse cylindrical section of the hardwood with hole-filled graphite to form a hole-filled graphite structure. After the graphite injection is completed, the side holes of the coarse cylindrical section are sealed with small round logs.
[0043] Furthermore, a square sponge strip is pasted around the perimeter of the annular tempered glass sealing plate 18. The sponge strip is pasted inward from the outer edge to create a space for sealing with glass glue. The square sponge strip serves to prevent the annular tempered glass from colliding with the column base stone limit edge during the sliding process of the wooden column bottom.
[0044] During construction, three annular tempered glass panels are inserted into the bottom of the three round logs of the T-shaped wooden column. Four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screws are used to support the round logs below the three annular tempered glass panels. After the seismic isolation system is installed, the self-tapping screws are removed and the three annular tempered glass panels are lowered into place. Then, the joints between the three annular tempered glass panels and the corresponding round logs, as well as the positions of the square sponge strips that contact the corresponding concave spherical limiters along the column base stone, are sealed with glass glue. Example
[0045] A seismic isolation system was proposed, consisting of a T-shaped wooden column, a perforated graphite hardwood, a graphite layer, a concave spherical base stone with limiting features, and an annular tempered glass sealing plate. Figure 1 T-shaped wooden column structure ( Figure 2 ), Kongzang graphite hardwood ( Figure 3 ), concave spherical surface with limiting along the column base stone ( Figure 4 ): 1. T-shaped wooden column; 2. Column frame with round wood at the end of the T-shaped wooden column, square wood ladder, and round wood at the intersection of the column; 3. Round wood at the end of the T-shaped wooden column; 4. Round wood at the intersection of the T-shaped wooden column; 5. Cylindrical hole at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column; 6. Square wood ladder; 7. Bamboo plywood connected with self-tapping screws on both sides of the square wood ladder of the T-shaped wooden column frame; 8. Graphite hardwood with holes; 9. Convex spherical section; 10. Coarse cylindrical section; 11. Graphite hole; 12. Fine cylindrical connecting key; 13. Graphite layer; 14. Concave spherical base stone with limiting edge; 15. Cylindrical groove on the upper part of the base stone and concave spherical surface with the groove facing downwards; 16. Circular limiting edge on the upper part of the base stone; 17. Circular tempered glass sealing plate; 18.
[0046] The T-shaped wooden column 1 is composed of T-shaped wooden column legs 2.
[0047] The T-shaped wooden column limb 2 is composed of a T-shaped wooden column limb frame 3 and bamboo plywood 8 covering both sides of the square wooden ladder 7.
[0048] The T-shaped wooden column frame 3 is formed by mortise and tenon joints connecting the round logs 4 at the ends of the T-shaped wooden column, the square wooden ladder 7, and the round logs 5 at the intersection of the column.
[0049] The round logs 4 at the ends of the T-shaped wooden column and the round logs 5 at the intersection of the column members are made of pine or other logs.
[0050] The cylindrical hole 6 at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column is a circular hole with a diameter not less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the round log and a depth not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the round log, which is machined in the middle of the bottom of the round log at the end of the T-shaped wooden column.
[0051] The aforementioned square timber ladder 7 consists of square timbers with a spacing of approximately 300mm, a cross-sectional width of 1 / 3 the diameter of a round log, and a cross-sectional height of twice the cross-sectional width, arranged in a ladder pattern. The square timbers are made of wood such as pine.
[0052] The bamboo plywood 8 is a bamboo plywood board connected with self-tapping screws covering the two sides of the square wooden ladder frame of the three column legs of the T-shaped wooden column. The bamboo plywood board is a multi-layer composite board made of moso bamboo as raw material, which is softened at high temperature, rolled flat, glued and laminated, and then formed by high pressure molding process.
[0053] The aforementioned graphite-containing hardwood 9 consists of a convex spherical section 10, a coarse cylindrical section 11, graphite-containing holes 12, and a fine cylindrical connecting key 13, all processed from a single piece of wood.
[0054] The convex spherical segment 10 has the same curvature as the concave spherical surface of the column base stone.
[0055] The diameter of the thick cylindrical segment 11 is equal to the diameter of the round wooden ends of the three column legs of the T-shaped wooden column.
[0056] The graphite-containing hole 12 consists of four vertical circular holes arranged symmetrically, which are open to the convex spherical surface on the top of the graphite-containing hardwood cylindrical section and open to the bottom, and four oblique circular holes that are inclined downward from the side of the graphite-containing hardwood cylindrical section and open to the four vertical circular holes.
[0057] The thin cylindrical connecting key 13: The size of the thin cylindrical connecting key is consistent with the size of the bottom round hole of the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column. The thin cylindrical connecting key is used to insert into the bottom round hole of the three column ends of the T-shaped wooden column to achieve positioning and docking.
[0058] The graphite layer 14: The graphite layer is laid between the concave spherical surface 16 of the concave spherical surface with limiting along the column base stone 15 and the convex spherical surface section 10 of the hollow graphite hardwood. The graphite plays the role of lubrication and reducing friction.
[0059] The concave spherical limiting edge column base stone 15 is a round pier-shaped column base stone, drum-shaped column base stone, or square pier-shaped column base stone with a cylindrical groove on the upper part and the groove facing downwards as a concave spherical surface 16, and the annular limiting edge 17 formed by the upper cylindrical groove as a structural feature.
[0060] The aforementioned annular tempered glass sealing plate 18 is made by cutting ordinary annealed glass into an annular shape according to the required dimensions, heating it to near its softening point, and then rapidly and uniformly cooling it.
[0061] For newly constructed timber structures, the dimensions of the T-shaped timber columns, the dimensions of the perforated graphite hardwood, and the dimensions of the concave spherical limiters along the column base stones are first determined based on the structural design and stress requirements. Then, stress calculations are performed on the seismic isolation system, and the components are prepared, transported, and assembled on-site.
[0062] The above is a typical embodiment of the present invention, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Claims
1. A T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone, comprising a T-shaped wooden column (1), wherein the T-shaped wooden column (1) is set at the middle connection node of the wooden frame house, and the axis of the T-shaped wooden column (1) is consistent with the axis of the wall panel of the wooden frame house; Its features are: It also includes a perforated graphite hardwood (9) and a concave spherical base stone (15) with a limiting edge; the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column (1) is embedded and connected to the upper part of the perforated graphite hardwood (9), and the lower part of the perforated graphite hardwood (9) is in contact with the concave spherical base stone (15). The T-shaped wooden column (1) includes three T-shaped wooden column legs (2) and bamboo plywood (8) covering both sides of the T-shaped wooden column legs (2); two T-shaped wooden column legs (2) are arranged along the length to form a straight section, and one T-shaped wooden column leg (2) is a vertical section. The vertical section is arranged vertically along the midpoint of the straight section, and the three T-shaped wooden column legs (2) form a T-shaped structure. Each of the T-shaped wooden column limbs (2) is connected by end round logs (4) and intersection round logs (5) and multiple square wooden ladders (7) between them; each square wooden ladder (7) is connected by two parallel column limb skeletons (3); the square wooden ladders (7) between each T-shaped wooden column limb (2) are staggered; the three T-shaped wooden column limbs (2) share the intersection round logs (5); the end round logs (4), square wooden ladders (7) and intersection round logs (5) of the T-shaped wooden column limbs (2) are connected by mortise and tenon joints, and bamboo plywood (8) is connected to the T-shaped wooden column limbs (2) by self-tapping screws; the bottom of the three end round logs (4) is placed on three concave spherical limit stones (15); The concave spherical surface with limiting edge has a groove on the upper part of the column base stone (15), and the groove is vertically processed into a concave spherical surface (16). The circumferential direction of the concave spherical surface (16) is a circular limiting edge (17). The lower part of the hole-hidden graphite hardwood (9) is sealed to the circular limiting edge (17) by a ring-shaped tempered glass sealing plate (18). The surface of the concave spherical surface (16) is filled with a graphite layer (14). The perforated graphite hardwood (9) is composed of a convex spherical section (10), a coarse cylindrical section (11), and a fine cylindrical connecting key (13) arranged from bottom to top from a whole piece of wood. A cylindrical hole (6) is provided at the bottom center of the T-shaped wooden column (1). The diameter and length of the fine cylindrical connecting key (13) are consistent with the diameter and depth of the cylindrical hole (6) at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column. The fine cylindrical connecting key (13) is embedded and connected to the cylindrical hole (6) at the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column. The curvature of the spherical segment (10) is equal to the curvature of the concave spherical surface (16); the graphite hardwood (9) has graphite holes (12), the vertical graphite holes (12) penetrate the convex spherical surface on the lower surface of the upper surface of the coarse cylindrical segment (11) and are arranged radially along the coarse cylindrical segment (11), and the oblique graphite holes (12) are inclined downward along the side of the coarse cylindrical segment (11) and penetrate the vertical graphite holes (12) and are arranged circumferentially along the coarse cylindrical segment (11).
2. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-shaped wooden column (1) is a circular cross-section wooden column made from logs.
3. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the T-shaped wooden column (1) is machined with a hole diameter not less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the T-shaped wooden column (1) and a hole depth not less than 1.5 times the hole diameter.
4. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore-bearing graphite hardwood (9) is made from hard, broad-leaved wood logs such as oak, teak, or beech.
5. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the thin cylindrical connecting key (13) is consistent with the size of the bottom round hole of the T-shaped wooden column (1). The thin cylindrical connecting key (13) is used to insert into the bottom round hole of the T-shaped wooden column (1) to achieve positioning and docking.
6. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the perforated graphite hardwood (9) and the bottom of the T-shaped wooden column (1) is achieved by first applying structural adhesive to the upper surface of the perforated graphite hardwood and the surface of the thin cylindrical connecting key, and then inserting the perforated graphite hardwood thin cylindrical connecting key into the bottom hole of the T-shaped wooden column.
7. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave spherical column base stone (15) is made of granite with a cylindrical groove on the upper part, and the groove is processed downward into a concave spherical column base stone, a drum-shaped column base stone, or a square column base stone.
8. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite layer (14) is laid on the concave spherical surface of the column base stone with limiting function, and plays a lubricating role.
9. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite storage holes (12) are used to store graphite. When an earthquake occurs, the seismic isolation system is activated, and the graphite in the vertical graphite storage holes (12) flows out to replenish the graphite layer (14) on the concave spherical surface (16) of the column base stone, thereby enhancing the seismic isolation effect. When the amount of graphite in the vertical graphite storage holes (12) is insufficient, it is supplemented through the oblique graphite storage holes (12). During construction, graphite is first laid between the convex spherical section (10) and the concave spherical section (16). After all the graphite is in place, graphite is injected through the side holes of the coarse cylindrical section of the hardwood with hole-filled graphite to form a hole-filled graphite structure. After the graphite is injected, the side holes of the coarse cylindrical section are sealed with small round wood.
10. The T-shaped wooden column-holed graphite hardwood-graphite layer-seismic isolation system along the column base stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular tempered glass sealing plate (18) is surrounded by a square sponge strip. The sponge strip is recessed from the outer edge to create a space for sealing with glass glue. The square sponge strip prevents the annular tempered glass from colliding with the column base stone limit edge during the sliding process of the wooden column bottom. During construction, three annular tempered glass panels are inserted into the bottom of the three round logs of the T-shaped wooden column. Four symmetrically arranged self-tapping screws are used to support the round logs below the three annular tempered glass panels. After the seismic isolation system is installed, the self-tapping screws are removed and the three annular tempered glass panels are lowered into place. Then, the joints between the three annular tempered glass panels and the corresponding round logs, as well as the positions of the square sponge strips that contact the corresponding concave spherical limiters along the column base stone, are sealed with glass glue.