Hole slag screening and recycling system matched with belt conveying and working method of hole slag screening and recycling system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and hole slag treatment, in particular to a hole slag screening and recycling system matched with belt conveying and a working method of the hole slag screening and recycling system. The system comprises a screening device, a washing device, a drying and transporting device and a recycling device. The screening device comprises a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism and a third screening mechanism; a pusher is arranged on the second screening mechanism, the washing device is arranged on the third screening mechanism, and the drying and conveying device is arranged on the rear side of the third screening mechanism. The waste residue recycling and transporting device is arranged on the bottom sides of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism, and the waste water recycling and reusing device is arranged on the bottom sides of the front sections of the third screening mechanism and the drying and transporting device. According to the system, all treatment procedures such as multi-stage screening, cleaning, drying and resource recycling are synchronously completed in the hole slag conveying process, so that secondary transfer is eliminated, and continuous and efficient treatment and resource utilization of the hole slag are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction and muck treatment technology, and in particular to a muck screening and reuse system and its working method that is used in conjunction with belt conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] During long-distance tunnel excavation, a large amount of excavated material is generated. To meet environmental protection and resource utilization requirements, the excavated material needs to be graded and screened to obtain reusable aggregates of different particle sizes.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used tunnel muck disposal model in the industry typically includes two relatively independent operating units: a belt conveyor unit and a centralized screening unit. The belt conveyor unit consists of belt conveyors located inside the tunnel, whose function is to continuously transport the tunnel muck generated at the working face to a designated spoil heap outside the tunnel. The centralized screening unit consists of independent screening equipment located in the spoil heap area. The process involves the tunnel muck being unloaded by the belt conveyor to the spoil heap for storage. Then, loaders, dump trucks, and other transfer tools transport the stockpiled muck a second time and feed it into the inlet of the independent screening equipment. Subsequently, the screening equipment performs vibrating screening, washing, and other processing steps.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology has the following technical problems: First, the transportation and screening processes of tunnel muck are completely separated in terms of space and operational sequence. Muck must be transported by conveyor belt from inside the tunnel to the spoil heap, and undergo stacking and secondary loading and unloading at the spoil heap before it can enter the screening stage. This not only introduces additional transfer procedures and equipment investment, increasing labor and time costs, but also easily causes material spillage and loss due to the two loading and unloading operations. Second, because the transportation endpoint and the screening starting point are separated, the efficient and continuous conveying advantages of the conveyor belt and the batch processing capacity of the screening equipment cannot be effectively combined. The accumulation of tunnel muck at the spoil heap leads to frequent start-stop cycles of the conveyor belt, while the screening equipment is often in a waiting or idling state, resulting in low overall system efficiency. Furthermore, this separated operation mode prevents tunnel muck from being processed promptly upon production, prolonging the cycle from muck generation to conversion into usable finished material, which is detrimental to the tight connection and control of the overall tunnel construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of disconnect between transportation and screening, lengthy workflows, and low overall efficiency in existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel slag screening and reuse system and its working method that works in conjunction with belt conveyor. This system integrates screening functions with the belt conveyor process, enabling tunnel slag to undergo multi-stage screening, cleaning, drying, and resource recovery simultaneously during transport. This eliminates secondary transfers and achieves continuous, efficient treatment and resource utilization of tunnel slag.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor includes: a screening device, a washing device, a drying and conveying device, and a recycling device; the screening device is a multi-stage screening mechanism, including a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, and a third screening mechanism arranged sequentially along the tunnel slag movement path; a pusher is provided on the second screening mechanism, the washing device is provided on the third screening mechanism, and the drying and conveying device is provided on the rear side of the third screening mechanism; the recycling device includes a waste residue recycling and conveying device and a wastewater recycling and reuse device, the waste residue recycling and conveying device is provided on the bottom side of the first and second screening mechanisms, and the wastewater recycling and reuse device is provided on the bottom side of the third screening mechanism and the front section of the drying and conveying device.

[0008] Optionally, the screening mechanism has a sieve plate with sieve holes. The sieve plate has multiple layers arranged vertically, wherein the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than those of the lower sieve plate, and the sieve holes on the same layer of sieve plate in the first screening mechanism, the second screening mechanism, and the third screening mechanism are the same.

[0009] Optionally, the screening mechanism further includes a telescopic rod, with both ends of the screen plate mounted on the telescopic rod.

[0010] Optionally, the sieve plate has an anti-slip strip that protrudes from the upper surface of the sieve plate.

[0011] Optionally, the screen plate also has baffles, which are disposed on both sides of the screen plate, and the screen plate is parallel to the movement path of the slag.

[0012] Optionally, the pusher includes a track, a base, a support rod, a rotating rod, and a push plate. The track is arranged along the direction of muck movement. The base is slidably mounted on the track. The support rod is mounted on the base. The rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the support rod. The push plate is fixed on the rotating rod and located on the upper side of each layer of screen plates.

[0013] Optionally, the washing device includes an upper flushing pipe and a lower flushing pipe. The upper flushing pipe is mounted on the upper side of the screen plate via a bracket, and the lower flushing pipe is mounted on the body of the screen plate.

[0014] Optionally, the upper flushing pipe has a downward-facing nozzle; the lower flushing pipe is arranged in a V-shape, has an upward-facing nozzle, and the nozzle is inclined toward the center of the screen plate.

[0015] Optionally, the drying and conveying device includes a drying chamber, a hot air blower, a belt, and a support column. The belt is mounted on the support column, the drying chamber is covered on the belt, and the hot air blower is located on the upper side of the belt.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for operating a tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor, comprising: The slag from the tunnel is fed into a screening device, which includes a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, and a third screening mechanism arranged sequentially along the movement path of the slag from the tunnel. The slag is vibrated and screened by the first screening mechanism to achieve preliminary classification according to particle size. The slag from the first screening mechanism is fed into the second screening mechanism, where it undergoes vibratory screening to achieve fine grading. During the screening process in the second screening mechanism, the pusher is controlled to move along a preset track, and the pusher plate pushes the slag located at the end of the screen plate of the second screening mechanism to the third screening mechanism. After the push is completed, the pusher plate is controlled to rotate to a position parallel to the surface of the screen plate, and the pusher returns to the starting position along the track. The received slag is vibrated and screened by the third screening mechanism. At the same time, the water washing device set on the third screening mechanism is activated. The water washing device includes an upper flushing water pipe set on the upper side of the screen plate and a lower flushing water pipe set on the screen plate body. Water is sprayed downward from the upper flushing water pipe and water is sprayed upward from the lower flushing water pipe to wash the slag on the screen plate. The slag from the mine, after being washed and screened, is fed into a drying and conveying device, which dries the slag and then transports it forward. During the screening process, the waste residue generated during screening is collected and transported out by a waste residue recycling and transportation device located at the bottom of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism. Wastewater generated during the washing and drying process is collected by a wastewater recycling and reuse device located at the bottom of the front section of the third screening mechanism and the drying and conveying device, and the treated water is recycled to the washing device.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention provides a tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor, integrating screening, washing, drying, and recycling functions into a continuous system arranged sequentially along the tunnel slag's movement path. The screening device employs a multi-stage series layout of a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, and a third screening mechanism, enabling tunnel slag to be screened within an integrated unit. A dedicated pusher on the second screening mechanism actively pushes the material that has completed screening to the next process, ensuring smooth and controllable material transfer between each stage. The washing device is integrated into the third screening mechanism, achieving simultaneous screening and washing operations. The drying and conveying device is located behind the third screening mechanism, directly receiving the washed wet material for dehydration and drying. In the recycling system, a waste residue recycling and conveying device is located at the bottom of the first and second screening mechanisms to collect unusable waste residue from the first two screening stages; a wastewater recycling and reuse device is located at the bottom of the third screening mechanism and the front section of the drying and conveying device to collect rinsing and dripping wastewater. This system solves the problem mentioned in the background technology of the disconnect between transportation and screening links and the need for secondary transfer: after the slag is unloaded from the belt conveyor, it can continuously complete the entire process from grading, cleaning, drying to waste recycling within this system, without intermediate storage and transfer, shortening the processing cycle, improving the overall operating efficiency, and forming a complete resource-based processing line.

[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the dimensions or spacing between the components are exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screening mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water washing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drying and transporting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6This is a side view of the drying and transporting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Screening device; 11. First screening mechanism; 12. Second screening mechanism; 13. Third screening mechanism; 14. Anti-slip belt; 15. Baffle; 16. Screen plate; 17. Telescopic rod; 2. Pusher; 21. Track; 22. Base; 23. Support rod; 24. Rotating rod; 25. Propeller plate; 3. Washing device; 31. Upper flushing pipe; 32. Lower flushing pipe; 4. Drying and conveying device; 41. Drying chamber; 42. Hot air blower; 43. Belt; 44. Support column; 5. Waste residue recycling and conveying device; 6. Wastewater recycling and reuse device; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 The core improvement of this muck screening system lies in its integrated design of screening and conveyor belt 43, breaking the traditional "separation of transportation and screening" operation mode. The device directly connects to the conveyor belt 43 system during tunnel construction, achieving seamless integration of transportation and screening functions. This allows the muck generated during tunnel excavation to undergo grading and screening simultaneously during conveyor belt 43 transport, fundamentally solving the problem of separation between transportation and screening in the traditional model. It balances construction efficiency and environmental protection requirements, contributing to the green and efficient advancement of tunnel engineering.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor 43, including: a screening device 1, a washing device 3, a drying and conveying device 4, and a recycling device; the screening device 1 is a multi-stage screening mechanism, including a first screening mechanism 11, a second screening mechanism 12, and a third screening mechanism 13 arranged sequentially along the tunnel slag moving path; a pusher 2 is provided on the second screening mechanism 12, the washing device 3 is provided on the third screening mechanism 13, and the drying and conveying device 4 is provided on the rear side of the third screening mechanism 13; the recycling device includes a waste residue recycling and conveying device 5 and a wastewater recycling and reuse device 6, the waste residue recycling and conveying device 5 is provided on the bottom side of the first screening mechanism 11 and the second screening mechanism 12, and the wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 is provided on the bottom side of the front section of the third screening mechanism 13 and the drying and conveying device 4.

[0023] The screening device 1 employs a first screening mechanism 11, a second screening mechanism 12, and a third screening mechanism 13 arranged sequentially along the tunnel slag movement path, forming a multi-stage progressive screening process. A pusher 2 is installed on the second screening mechanism 12 to ensure smooth transfer of the screened tunnel slag. A washing device 3 is integrated with the third screening mechanism 13 to achieve simultaneous screening and impurity removal. A drying and conveying device 4 is connected to the rear of the third screening mechanism 13, allowing the washed tunnel slag to directly enter the drying and conveying stage. The specific structures of the waste residue recycling and conveying device 5 and the wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 in the recycling device can utilize existing technology. The waste residue recycling and conveying device 5 corresponds to the bottom side of the first screening mechanism 11 and the second screening mechanism 12, accurately collecting the waste residue generated during the screening process. The wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 covers the bottom side of the third screening mechanism 13 and the front section of the drying and conveying device 4, comprehensively collecting the wastewater generated during the washing and drying processes.

[0024] This system integrates the entire process of transportation, screening, processing, and recycling, directly connecting to the conveyor belt system 43 in tunnel construction. Muck can be processed from grading to impurity removal and drying / recycling without additional transfer, solving the problems of increased secondary transfer costs and low operational efficiency caused by the disconnect between transportation and screening in traditional methods. The various devices are connected sequentially according to the muck processing order. The multi-stage design of screening device 1 gradually improves grading accuracy. Washing device 3, in conjunction with the third screening mechanism 13, removes impurities while grading. Drying and transportation device 4 prevents the muck from clumping and becoming moldy after washing. The recycling device separately recovers and reuses waste residue and wastewater. The synergistic effect of these components improves the integrity of muck processing, reduces resource waste and environmental pollution, and is suitable for the construction environment and green construction requirements of tunnel engineering.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the screening mechanism has a screen plate 16 with screen holes. The screen plate 16 has multiple layers arranged vertically. The screen holes of the upper screen plate 16 are larger than those of the lower screen plate 16. The screen holes on the same layer of screen plate 16 in the first screening mechanism 11, the second screening mechanism 12 and the third screening mechanism 13 are the same.

[0026] The multi-layer sieve plate 16 achieves particle size classification. Larger particles are retained by the upper sieve plate 16, while smaller particles fall layer by layer, thus achieving separation according to particle size. When slag falls from a sieve layer of the upper-level mechanism into the corresponding sieve layer of the lower-level mechanism, since the sieve aperture specifications are consistent, it can continue to be screened or washed at that particle size level, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the classification process and avoiding material mixing caused by changes in sieve aperture.

[0027] The screening mechanism also includes a telescopic rod 17, and both ends of the screen plate 16 are mounted on the telescopic rod 17.

[0028] The telescopic rod 17 serves as the support and driving component of the screen plate 16. Through the periodic change of its length, it can drive the screen plate 16 to generate high-frequency vibration. This vibration can cause the slag to tumble, move, and pass through the screen holes on the surface of the screen plate 16. Compared with the traditional integral vibration mechanism, the design of using four independent telescopic rods 17 at the corners can not only generate effective vibration force, but also change the inclination angle or vibration mode of the screen plate 16 by adjusting the extension and retraction of the telescopic rods 17 at different positions. This allows it to adapt to the screening requirements of slag with different physical properties, control the material's travel speed on the screen plate 16, and optimize screening efficiency.

[0029] The screen plate 16 has an anti-slip band 14 that protrudes from the upper surface of the screen plate 16. The function of the anti-slip band 14 is to increase the surface roughness of the screen plate 16 or to create local obstacles. During vibratory screening, the slag slides or rolls on the surface of the screen plate 16. The anti-slip band 14 can effectively reduce the flow velocity of the slag and prolong its residence time on the screen plate 16, thereby increasing the probability of particles smaller than the screen aperture passing through the screen, improving screening efficiency and classification accuracy. The anti-slip band 14, combined with the vibration of the screen plate 16, works synergistically to improve the distribution and screening behavior of the material.

[0030] The screen plate 16 also has baffles 15, which are disposed on both sides of the screen plate 16, and the screen plate 16 is parallel to the movement path of the slag. The baffles 15 and the screen plate 16 form a guide channel for material flow, preventing the slag from spilling from the sides of the screen plate 16 during vibration, and ensuring that all materials move forward along the preset path.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the pusher 2 includes a track 21, a base 22, a support rod 23, a rotating rod 24, and a pusher plate 25. The track 21 is arranged along the direction of the slag movement. The base 22 is slidably mounted on the track 21. The support rod 23 is mounted on the base 22. The rotating rod 24 is rotatably mounted on the support rod 23. The pusher plate 25 is fixed on the rotating rod 24 and is located on the upper side of each layer of screen plate 16.

[0032] The track 21 is arranged along the direction of the slag movement, providing guidance for the reciprocating motion of the entire pusher 2. The pusher plate 25 can move along the track 21 at an angle perpendicular to the screen plate 16, thereby pushing the slag at the end of the screen plate 16 into the next mechanism. After pushing, the pusher plate 25 is rotated to be parallel to the surface of the screen plate 16 by the rotating rod 24, which can avoid interference with the material remaining on the screen plate 16 when returning to the starting position. This rotatable and movable pusher 2 design realizes automatic and cyclical material transfer, replacing the traditional manual or mechanical shoveling, with tight connection and high efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, the washing device 3 includes an upper flushing pipe 31 and a lower flushing pipe 32. The upper flushing pipe 31 is installed on the upper side of the screen plate 16 via a bracket, and the lower flushing pipe 32 is installed on the body of the screen plate 16.

[0034] The upper flushing pipe 31 is installed on the upper side of the screen plate 16 via a bracket and is used for downward spraying, mainly to wash away the dust and dirt adhering to the surface of the slag. The lower flushing pipe 32 is directly embedded in the screen plate 16 body and is used for upward spraying of water. The flushing method of upper and lower impact forms a comprehensive coverage of the slag on the screen plate 16.

[0035] The upper flushing pipe 31 has a downward nozzle; the lower flushing pipe 32 is arranged in a V-shape, and the lower flushing pipe 32 has an upward nozzle, which is inclined towards the middle of the screen plate 16.

[0036] The V-shaped down-flush pipes 32 direct water flow at a certain angle towards the central area of ​​the screen plate 16. This arrangement expands the coverage area for upward flushing and reduces blind spots. The nozzles, tilted towards the center, not only aid in flushing, but the upward force of the water flow also impedes the sliding debris. Combined with the vibration of the screen plate 16 and the anti-slip band 14, this further regulates the downward speed of the material, allowing the debris to undergo more thorough hydraulic action in the cleaning area.

[0037] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the drying and conveying device 4 includes a drying chamber 41, a hot air blower 42, a belt 43, and a support column 44. The belt 43 is mounted on the support column 44, the drying chamber 41 is covered on the belt 43, and the hot air blower 42 is located on the upper side of the belt 43.

[0038] The belt 43 is mounted on the support column 44 to form a conveying mechanism. The drying chamber 41 is covered on the belt 43 to form a semi-enclosed drying space. The hot air blower 42 is located above the belt 43 and blows hot air downwards, realizing the simultaneous conveying and drying.

[0039] The following is a detailed explanation for each institution: The first screening mechanism 11 serves as the initial pretreatment unit for tunnel muck screening. Its core structure consists of three layers of stacked screen plates 16 and four telescopic support rods 17. To ensure that the tunnel muck does not shift or scatter during screening, each layer of screen plate 16 is designed with a baffle 15 structure that extends above the plane of the screen plate 16. Simultaneously, the surface of the screen plate 16 has regularly arranged screen holes according to grading requirements, with the hole diameter decreasing sequentially from top to bottom, achieving preliminary particle size grading of the tunnel muck. Its working principle is as follows: After the raw tunnel muck generated during tunnel excavation enters the tunnel muck screening device 1 through the feed inlet, it first falls onto the top screen plate 16 of the first screening mechanism 11. Since the support structure of the screen plate 16 consists of four telescopic rods 17 that can deform in length and shortness, the control system drives the four telescopic rods 17 to extend and retract synchronously or asynchronously, thereby causing the screen plate 16 to vibrate at high frequency. Under the action of vibration, the slag from the tunnel moves irregularly on the surface of the screen plate 16. The slag particles with a diameter smaller than the current screen hole will fall directly into the next screen plate 16, completing the initial classification. The larger slag particles with a diameter larger than the screen hole cannot pass through the screen hole and move gradually towards the end of the screen plate 16 with the vibration, eventually entering the next screening mechanism, realizing the core functions of coarse screening and initial particle size classification.

[0040] The second screening mechanism 12 is a key component for achieving fine grading of the slag. A pusher 2 has been added to ensure that the slag after screening can accurately and efficiently enter the next stage of processing. The specific operation process is as follows: After the slag from the first stage screening enters the second screening mechanism 12, it undergoes further fine grading on the three-layer screen plate 16 under the vibration generated by the telescopic rod 17 driving the screen plate 16. Slag of different particle sizes is retained in the corresponding screen layers. The pusher 2 slides at a uniform speed along the preset fixed sliding track 21, pushing the graded slag from each screen layer towards the end of the device. The pusher plate 25 forms a perpendicular angle with the surface of the screen plate 16, which can completely push the residual slag at the end of the screen plate 16 to the feed inlet of the next screening mechanism. When the pusher 2 runs to the end stage of the second screening mechanism 12, the pusher plate 25 rotates 90° clockwise under the drive of the rotating rod 24. At this time, the pusher plate 25 is parallel to the surface of the screen plate 16, and the pusher 2 slides in the opposite direction along the fixed sliding track 21 to the starting position, waiting for the next round of pushing cycle, so as to achieve seamless connection between screening and conveying.

[0041] The third screening mechanism 13 undertakes the dual tasks of cleaning impurities from the slag and deep grading. To ensure the washing effect, flushing pipes are installed on both the upper and lower sides of each screen plate 16. The upper flushing pipe adopts a high-pressure spray design, and the lower flushing pipe adopts a bottom spray washing design, forming an all-round washing coverage. At the same time, the screen hole diameter of the screen plate 16 is further refined according to the final grading requirements. During operation, the slag after secondary screening falls into each screen plate 16 of the third screening mechanism 13. Under the vibration driven by the four corner telescopic rods 17, the slag moves gradually along the surface of the screen plate 16 to complete the deep grading. During this process, the control system simultaneously starts the upper and lower flushing pipes of each layer. The upper flushing pipe sprays high-pressure water downwards to spray and wash the slag on the surface of the screen plate 16 from top to bottom, removing impurities such as mud and dust attached to the surface of the slag. The lower flushing pipe sprays water upwards to wash away the small impurities remaining at the screen holes of the screen plate 16, preventing the screen holes from clogging and ensuring the smoothness of screening. The impurities and dust washed off mix with the water to form wastewater, which flows downward along the inclined angle of the screen plate 16 with the water flow, and finally flows into the wastewater recycling device 6 through the water guide channel at the bottom of the device, realizing the cleaning of impurities and the initial recovery of water resources.

[0042] Because the slag has a large amount of moisture adhering to its surface after three-stage washing and screening, direct transportation or stacking can easily lead to clumping and mold growth. Therefore, a drying and transportation device 4 is installed to achieve integrated operation of moisture removal and finished product transportation. This device consists of a three-layer conveyor belt 43 and multiple sets of hot air blowers 42. The hot air blowers 42 are evenly distributed between every two layers of screen plates 16 to form a three-dimensional hot air drying area. At the same time, the belt 43 adopts a hollow conveying structure to accommodate both moisture dripping and slag transportation. The specific operation process is as follows: the washed slag is gradually transported forward along the three-layer conveyor screen plates 16. In the initial stage of transportation, the free moisture on the surface of the slag will drip down along the hollow structure under the action of gravity and flow into the wastewater recycling device 6 through the bottom water guide channel. When the slag is transported to the drying area, the pre-started hot air blowers 42 start to continuously output high-temperature hot air. The hot air forms a circulating airflow between the two layers of screen plates 16 to dry the slag in all directions. To ensure the drying effect, the temperature and wind speed of the hot air blower 42 can be adjusted according to the moisture content of the slag. The drying time is precisely controlled by controlling the conveying speed of the belt 43, so that the moisture content of the dried slag reaches the preset standard. Then, it is conveyed to the finished product stacking area through the end of the screen plate 16.

[0043] The waste residue recycling and transportation device 5 adopts a crawler conveyor structure. Its feed inlet is precisely connected to the waste residue discharge channel of each screening mechanism, which can comprehensively collect the unusable waste residue generated during the screening process. The collected waste residue is transported to the designated waste residue dumping site by the crawler conveyor, avoiding the environmental pollution caused by the random accumulation of waste residue.

[0044] The wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 consists of a water collection tank, a filtration system, a water storage tank, and a circulating water pump. First, the water collection tank collects the rinsing wastewater from the three-stage washing and screening process and the dripping water from the four-stage drying and transportation process. Then, the wastewater enters the filtration system, where it undergoes multi-stage filtration to remove pollutants such as mud and impurities. The filtered clean water is stored in the water storage tank and finally, the circulating water pump transports the clean water to the flushing pipe of the third screening mechanism 13, realizing the recycling and reuse of water resources and significantly reducing water consumption.

[0045] In summary, this slag screening device 1 adopts a modular integrated design. Supported by this core concept, the device is divided into six core functional parts: a first screening mechanism 11, a second screening mechanism 12, a third screening mechanism 13, a fourth-stage drying and conveying device 4, and a waste residue recycling and conveying device 5 and a wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 located at the bottom of the equipment. After being conveyed to the device via belt 43, the slag undergoes primary screening, secondary screening, tertiary washing screening, and fourth-stage drying treatment, gradually removing impurities, achieving precise grading, and ensuring adequate moisture content. Ultimately, it is efficiently transformed into recyclable building aggregates and other finished products. Structurally, the device has a four-layer main structure, with functional modules arranged sequentially from top to bottom according to the operational flow. Specifically, it includes a primary screening layer, a secondary screening layer, a tertiary screening layer, a waste residue recycling and conveying layer, and a wastewater recycling and reuse device 6. The entire device achieves resource-based recycling and reuse of slag through a fully integrated "transportation-screening-processing-recycling" design.

[0046] Example 2 A method for operating a tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor 43 includes: The slag from the tunnel is fed into a screening device 1, which includes a first screening mechanism 11, a second screening mechanism 12, and a third screening mechanism 13 arranged sequentially along the movement path of the slag from the tunnel. The slag is vibrated and screened by the first screening mechanism 11, so that the slag is initially classified according to particle size. The slag from the first screening mechanism 11 is fed into the second screening mechanism 12, where it undergoes vibratory screening to achieve fine grading. During the screening process in the second screening mechanism 12, the pusher 2 is controlled to move along the preset track 21, and the pusher plate 25 pushes the slag from the end of the screen plate 16 of the second screening mechanism 12 to the third screening mechanism 13. After the push is completed, the pusher plate 25 is controlled to rotate to a position parallel to the surface of the screen plate 16, and the pusher 2 returns to the starting position along the track 21. The received slag is vibrated and screened by the third screening mechanism 13. At the same time, the water washing device 3 set on the third screening mechanism 13 is activated. The water washing device 3 includes an upper flushing water pipe 31 set on the upper side of the screen plate 16 and a lower flushing water pipe 32 set on the screen plate 16 body. Water is sprayed downward from the upper flushing water pipe 31 and water is sprayed upward from the lower flushing water pipe 32 to wash the slag on the screen plate 16. The slag that has been washed and screened is fed into the drying and conveying device 4, where it is dried and conveyed forward. During the screening process, the waste residue generated during screening is collected and transported out by the waste residue recycling and transportation device 5 located at the bottom of the first screening mechanism 11 and the second screening mechanism 12. Wastewater is collected by a wastewater recycling and reuse device 6 located at the bottom of the front section of the third screening mechanism 13 and the drying and conveying device 4, and the treated water is recycled to the washing device 3.

[0047] This method integrates multiple processing steps into a continuous and automated process, eliminating material stagnation and secondary handling between steps. It realizes a fully integrated operation of slag from feeding to producing qualified aggregates and simultaneously treating waste, effectively improving the efficiency and continuity of resource utilization.

[0048] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel slag screening and recycling system in conjunction with belt conveyor, characterized in that, include: Screening equipment, washing equipment, drying and conveying equipment, and recycling equipment; The screening device is a multi-stage screening mechanism, including a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism and a third screening mechanism arranged sequentially along the slag movement path; The second screening mechanism is equipped with a pusher, the washing device is installed on the third screening mechanism, and the drying and conveying device is installed on the rear side of the third screening mechanism. The recycling device includes a waste residue recycling and transportation device and a wastewater recycling and reuse device. The waste residue recycling and transportation device is located on the bottom side of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism, and the wastewater recycling and reuse device is located on the bottom side of the third screening mechanism and the front section of the drying and transportation device.

2. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening mechanism has a sieve plate with sieve holes. The sieve plate has multiple layers arranged vertically, wherein the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate are larger than those of the lower sieve plate, and the sieve holes on the same layer of sieve plate in the first screening mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the third screening mechanism are the same.

3. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The screening mechanism also includes a telescopic rod, and both ends of the screen plate are mounted on the telescopic rod.

4. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sieve plate has an anti-slip strip that protrudes from the upper surface of the sieve plate.

5. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The screen plate also has baffles, which are disposed on both sides of the screen plate, and the screen plate is parallel to the movement path of the slag.

6. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pusher includes a track, a base, a support rod, a rotating rod, and a pusher plate. The track is arranged along the direction of muck movement. The base is slidably installed on the track. The support rod is installed on the base. The rotating rod is rotatably installed on the support rod. The pusher plate is fixed on the rotating rod and located on the upper side of each layer of screen plates.

7. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The washing device includes an upper flushing pipe and a lower flushing pipe. The upper flushing pipe is installed on the upper side of the screen plate via a bracket, and the lower flushing pipe is installed on the body of the screen plate.

8. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The upper flushing pipe has a downward-facing nozzle; the lower flushing pipe is arranged in a V-shape, with an upward-facing nozzle that is inclined toward the center of the sieve plate.

9. The tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and conveying device includes a drying chamber, a hot air blower, a belt, and a support column. The belt is mounted on the support column, the drying chamber is covered on the belt, and the hot air blower is located on the upper side of the belt.

10. A method for operating a tunnel slag screening and reuse system in conjunction with belt conveyor, characterized in that, include: The slag from the tunnel is fed into a screening device, which includes a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, and a third screening mechanism arranged sequentially along the movement path of the slag from the tunnel. The slag is vibrated and screened by the first screening mechanism to achieve preliminary classification according to particle size. The slag from the first screening mechanism is fed into the second screening mechanism, where it undergoes vibratory screening to achieve fine grading. During the screening process in the second screening mechanism, the pusher is controlled to move along a preset track, and the pusher plate pushes the slag located at the end of the screen plate of the second screening mechanism to the third screening mechanism. After the push is completed, the pusher plate is controlled to rotate to a position parallel to the surface of the screen plate, and the pusher returns to the starting position along the track. The received slag is vibrated and screened by the third screening mechanism. At the same time, the water washing device set on the third screening mechanism is activated. The water washing device includes an upper flushing water pipe set on the upper side of the screen plate and a lower flushing water pipe set on the screen plate body. Water is sprayed downward from the upper flushing water pipe and water is sprayed upward from the lower flushing water pipe to wash the slag on the screen plate. The slag from the mine, after being washed and screened, is fed into a drying and conveying device, which dries the slag and then transports it forward. During the screening process, the waste residue generated during screening is collected and transported out by a waste residue recycling and transportation device located at the bottom of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism. Wastewater generated during the washing and drying process is collected by a wastewater recycling and reuse device located at the bottom of the front section of the third screening mechanism and the drying and conveying device, and the treated water is recycled to the washing device.

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