Pavement photovoltaic assembly combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation

Abstract

According to the road surface photovoltaic assembly combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation, solar energy is captured through the upper-layer photovoltaic power generation unit, mechanical energy generated by vehicle rolling is recycled through the lower-layer displacement conversion power generation unit, cooperative utilization of two kinds of clean energy is achieved, and the energy obtaining efficiency is greatly improved. The assembly fully excavates the space and functional potential of a road and adapts to the actual use requirements of a road scene; and the two kinds of electric energy are uniformly processed by the energy processing unit and then are output in parallel, so that the quality of the electric energy is optimized, the stability and continuity of power supply are guaranteed, and an efficient and reliable solution with high resource utilization rate is provided for power supply of related facilities of a road.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, in particular to a road surface photovoltaic module combined with photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of the continuous rise of global energy demand and the increasingly prominent environmental problems, the development and utilization of clean energy has become a key breakthrough for promoting sustainable social development. As a renewable energy, solar energy has significant advantages of zero pollution and zero emission, and plays an important role in global energy transformation. Among them, photovoltaic power generation technology is the core support of solar energy utilization. However, the traditional photovoltaic power generation system has inherent limitations: its power generation efficiency is obviously restricted by light conditions, and its power generation capacity is greatly reduced at night or in rainy weather; at the same time, photovoltaic modules are extremely sensitive to shadow blocking, and local blocking can cause the overall efficiency of the system to decrease significantly. In addition, with the accelerated pace of urbanization, land resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and how to maximize energy collection efficiency in limited space has become a key technical bottleneck restricting the development of the industry.

[0003] At the same time, with the rapid development of smart cities and intelligent transportation systems, the function of the road is upgrading from single transportation bearing to a comprehensive platform integrating energy collection, data sensing, and information interaction. However, the traditional road construction mode is difficult to adapt, and the deep integration of photovoltaic power generation and electromagnetic power generation technology to develop road surface photovoltaic bricks with high-efficiency power generation and intelligent sensing functions provides an innovative solution for urban energy optimization and smart traffic construction.

[0004] Electromagnetic power generation technology is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It generates an induced electromotive force (EMF) by a conductor cutting magnetic field lines in a magnetic field, thus converting the mechanical energy from vehicle compaction into electrical energy. The unit employs a combination of permanent magnets and multi-layered wound coils. The vehicle's compaction pressure, after being converted by a displacement converter, drives a rotating disk of the magnet array, causing the fixed coils to cut the changing magnetic field lines and generate an EMF, achieving energy conversion. In recent years, with advancements in high-performance permanent magnet materials and precise electromagnetic structure design, especially improvements in magnetic circuit structures for road applications, this technology has shown significant advantages in energy recovery. Organically combining it with photovoltaic power generation on road surfaces can create an all-weather, composite power generation system, effectively overcoming the limitations of relying solely on photovoltaic power generation on road surfaces. Previous research and practice have yielded numerous publications and patents exploring the application of combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation on road surfaces. However, existing photovoltaic-electromagnetic hybrid power generation systems still face the following key technical bottlenecks in road applications: In terms of structural design, they generally adopt a simple modular stacking approach, failing to adequately consider the long-term heavy loads and impact loads on the road surface. They lack reliable pressure-resistant buffer structures and struggle to balance high-efficiency power generation with long-term load-bearing capacity, making them prone to loosening, displacement, or even damage to photovoltaic cells and electromagnetic conversion components under dynamic loads, resulting in structural damage. Furthermore, the inherently low efficiency of traditional road electromagnetic power generation further impacts power generation efficiency and system operation. Regarding system integration, the photovoltaic and electromagnetic units lack synergy, the material system design is simplistic, and compatibility is poor, severely affecting the overall system performance. Power management issues are particularly prominent. Existing technologies struggle to effectively handle irregular currents generated by electromagnetic induction and have failed to construct a complete power conversion and regulation system including key circuits such as rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation, leading to unstable output power quality. These deficiencies directly restrict practical applications, manifesting as insufficient road surface load-bearing capacity, low energy conversion efficiency, and poor operational stability.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to comprehensively improve the overall performance indicators of photovoltaic and electromagnetic hybrid power generation systems through innovative structural design, optimized system integration solutions, and a sound power management system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem of poor energy conversion efficiency in existing components, this invention proposes a road-mounted photovoltaic module that combines photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A road-mounted photovoltaic module that combines photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation includes: Photovoltaic power generation unit and displacement conversion driven electromagnetic power generation unit; The photovoltaic power generation unit is located at the top layer and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Below the photovoltaic power generation unit is a displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit. The displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit receives the vertical pressure generated by the vehicle rolling over it, converts the vertical displacement into rotational motion to drive electromagnetic power generation, and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through changes in magnetic flux.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: This invention proposes a road surface photovoltaic module that combines photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation. The upper photovoltaic power generation unit captures solar energy, while the lower displacement conversion power generation unit recovers the mechanical energy generated by vehicle rolling, achieving the synergistic utilization of two clean energy sources and significantly improving energy harvesting efficiency. The module fully utilizes the spatial and functional potential of roads, adapting to the actual usage needs of road scenarios; it optimizes power quality while ensuring the stability and continuity of power supply, providing an efficient, reliable, and resource-efficient solution for powering road-related facilities. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 A diagram of a road-mounted photovoltaic module that combines photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the external protective load-bearing structure of the road composite component in one embodiment; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a displacement conversion driven electromagnetic power generation unit in one embodiment; Figure 4 This is a side view of the combination of the pressing transmission cap and the limiting fastener in one embodiment; Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the spring limiting sleeve in one embodiment; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the combination of the magnet array rotating disk and the transmission trigger disk in one embodiment.

[0010] In the diagram: 1. Photovoltaic power generation unit; 11. High pressure-resistant light-transmitting plate; 12. Photovoltaic cell array; 13. Elastic protective layer; 2. Displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit; 21. Press transmission cap; 22. Limiting and fixing component; 23. Reset spring; 24. Spring limiting sleeve; 25. Transmission trigger plate; 26. Helical transmission rod; 27. Magnet array rotating plate; 28. Induction coil module; 281. Coil frame array; 282. Induction coil; 29. ​​Bearing; 210. Coil bearing base; 3. Energy processing unit; 4. Protection unit; 41. Photovoltaic brick base; 42. Spring buffer layer; 43. External protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0012] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0013] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this invention to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of this invention, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0014] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Example 1 This embodiment proposes a road-mounted photovoltaic module that combines photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation, and its structural diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Photovoltaic power generation unit 1 and displacement conversion driven electromagnetic power generation unit 2; The photovoltaic power generation unit 1 is located on the top layer and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Below the photovoltaic power generation unit 1 is a displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2. The displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2 receives the vertical pressure generated by the vehicle rolling and converts the vertical displacement into rotational motion to drive electromagnetic power generation. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through changes in magnetic flux. The energy processing unit 3 is located between the horizontal plate of the outer protective layer 43 and the horizontal plate of the photovoltaic brick base 41. It processes the electrical energy and induced current and outputs them in parallel.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the road photovoltaic module further includes a protection unit 4, which includes a photovoltaic brick base 41, a spring buffer layer 42, and an outer protective layer 43. The overall assembly, including the photovoltaic power generation unit 1, the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2, and the energy processing unit 3, is enclosed in the outer protective layer 43 of the annular cover structure; the photovoltaic brick base 41 is located below the photovoltaic power generation unit 1, and a groove for accommodating the spring buffer layer 42 is opened on the upper surface of the photovoltaic brick base 41. The spring buffer layer 42 is provided between the photovoltaic brick base 41 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 1, and the spring buffer layer 42 has an annular structure.

[0017] Furthermore, an exploded view of the external protective load-bearing structure of the road composite component, consisting of photovoltaic power generation unit 1 and protection unit 4, is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0018] Furthermore, the photovoltaic brick base 41 is made of high-strength environmentally friendly materials. These materials not only have high mechanical strength and can withstand long-term heavy loads and frequent impacts, but also meet environmental protection requirements, reducing the environmental burden. The spring buffer layer 42 can stably disperse and buffer the impact of vehicle loads on photovoltaic cells and disperse the stress on the stable displacement conversion power generation unit 2. The outer protective layer 43 is made of weather-resistant and wear-resistant composite protective materials, which have excellent wear resistance and aging resistance. By tightly wrapping the overall structure, it not only ensures the long-term stability and durability of the internal structure, but also has excellent waterproof, corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant properties, which can adapt to various harsh environments and ensure the reliability of the module for long-term use.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation unit 1 consists of a three-layer functional structure: a high pressure-resistant light-transmitting plate 11, a photovoltaic cell array 12, and an elastic protective layer 13. The top layer of the photovoltaic power generation unit 1 is a high pressure resistant light-transmitting plate 11, which covers the upper end of the outer protective layer 43 of the protective unit 4. The middle layer is a photovoltaic cell array 12, which is embedded in the elastic protective layer 13.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic cell array 12 is composed of multiple monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels connected in parallel, and anti-reverse current diodes are connected in series on each photovoltaic cell branch.

[0021] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation unit consists of a high-pressure resistant light-transmitting plate 11, a photovoltaic cell array 12, and an elastic protective layer 13. The light-transmitting plate is located on the top layer and has excellent compressive strength, wear resistance, and light transmittance, and can withstand long-term vehicle crushing. The photovoltaic cell array 12 is embedded in the elastic protective layer 13. Anti-reverse current diodes are connected in series on each photovoltaic cell branch to prevent current backflow and ensure independent and stable operation of each branch, thereby effectively improving photoelectric conversion efficiency and system power generation capacity. The elastic protective layer 13 protects the photovoltaic cells from mechanical impact and buffers the impact energy generated by vehicle driving. The elastic protective layer 13 is made of elastic rubber, which can buffer external impact force and protect internal components. On the one hand, the elastic protective layer 13 can prevent the photovoltaic cell array 12 from being damaged by mechanical impact, and on the other hand, it can effectively absorb the impact force generated by vehicle driving, significantly improving the service life of the photovoltaic brick through elastic deformation.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic brick base 41 is made of high-strength environmentally friendly materials, and the outer protective layer 43 is made of weather-resistant and wear-resistant composite protective materials.

[0023] Furthermore, the protective unit includes a photovoltaic brick base 41, a spring buffer layer 42, and an outer protective layer 43. The outer protective layer 43 is a high-strength outer protective layer. The photovoltaic brick base 41 integrates a displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2, in which a specially designed permanent magnet array precisely matches the induction coil to form an optimized magnetic circuit structure. When a vehicle runs over it, the pressure drives the rotating disk 27 of the magnet array through the helical mechanism of the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2, causing the fixed coil to generate an induced current due to the change in magnetic flux. The energy processing unit 3 rectifies, filters, and stabilizes this current and the photovoltaic power before outputting it in parallel. The entire component is tightly wrapped by a high-strength outer protective layer, possessing excellent waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and weather-resistant properties. Through the synergistic effect of photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation, energy conversion efficiency is significantly improved, while simultaneously considering power generation performance and road surface load-bearing capacity.

[0024] In this embodiment, by optimizing the coordinated configuration of the electromagnetic unit structure and photovoltaic modules, the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy to electrical energy is improved, thereby promoting the application of renewable energy in urban infrastructure.

[0025] Example 2 This embodiment further explains the displacement conversion power generation unit 2 based on embodiment 1.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the displacement conversion drives the electromagnetic power generation unit 2, such as... Figure 3As shown, the assembly includes a pressing transmission cap 21, a limiting fixing component 22, a return spring 23, a spring limiting sleeve 24, a transmission trigger disc 25, a spiral transmission rod 26, a magnet array rotating disc 27, an induction coil module 28, a bearing 29, and a coil bearing base 210; the side view of the assembly of the pressing transmission cap 21 and the limiting fixing component 22 is shown below. Figure 4 As shown; The upper end of the pressing transmission cap 21 abuts against the horizontal plate of the outer protective layer 43, and the lower end contacts the limiting fixing member 22 and the spring limiting sleeve 24; the lower end of the limiting fixing member 22 is connected to the spiral transmission rod 26; the reset spring 23 is sleeved on the outside of the spiral transmission rod 26, with its upper end abutting against the limiting fixing member 22 and its lower end abutting against the spring limiting sleeve 24; the transmission trigger disk 25 is located below the spring limiting sleeve 24 and is passed through by the spiral transmission rod 26; a magnet array rotating disk 27 is correspondingly arranged below the transmission trigger disk 25, and the magnet array rotating disk 27 is located above the coil bearing base 210. The bottom of the transmission trigger disk 25 has a protrusion, and the magnet array rotates... The inside of the disk 27 is provided with a groove that matches the protrusion. The protrusion engages with the groove, so that the rotational motion of the transmission trigger disk 25 can be transmitted to the magnet array rotating disk 27. The coil support base 210 is fixed to the lower end of the photovoltaic brick base of the protection unit. A bearing 29 is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the coil support base 210. The outer wall of the bearing 29 is bonded and fixed to the lower inner wall of the magnet array rotating disk 27. An induction coil module 28 is placed on the coil support base 210. The induction coil module 28 includes several coil frame arrays 281 arranged in series and induction coils 282 wound on the coil frame arrays. The induction coils 282 are arranged in an orthogonal winding manner.

[0027] Furthermore, when an external force is applied to the pressing transmission cap 21, the pressing transmission cap 21 receives the external force and moves downward along the axial direction, driving the spiral transmission rod 26 to move axially synchronously. The spiral transmission rod 26 converts the axial displacement into rotational motion through its own spiral. At this time, the limiting fixing member 22 limits the axial displacement stroke of the spiral transmission rod 26 on the one hand, and provides compression support for the return spring 23 on the other hand, so that the return spring 23 is compressed axially under the constraint of the spring limiting sleeve 24. The transmission trigger disk 25 rotates synchronously with the spiral transmission rod 26. The transmission trigger disk 25 transmits the rotational motion to the magnet array rotating disk 27 through the meshing structure between the bottom protrusion and the inside of the magnet array rotating disk 27, driving it to rotate with the transmission trigger disk 25. A bearing 29 is fixed in the middle of the coil bearing base 210. The outer wall of the bearing 29 is flush with the lower part of the magnet array rotating disk 27. Partial inner wall bonding fixation, due to the reduced rotational friction of bearing 29, allows the magnet array rotating disk 27 to achieve more rotations; a coil frame array 281 is placed on the coil support base 210, with multiple layers of coil wound on each coil frame, facilitating efficient enhancement of the coil's cutting of magnetic field lines, thereby improving the efficiency of induced current generation; when the external force is removed, the return spring 23 rebounds, pushing the pressing transmission cap 21 axially back to its original position under the guidance of the spring limit sleeve 24, thereby driving the helical transmission rod 26 to move upward. During this process, the limit fixing part 22 and the helical transmission rod 26 only move upward without rotating, while the transmission trigger disk 25 rotates upward, and the magnet array rotating disk 27 disengages from the transmission trigger disk 25 and is no longer driven to rotate, completing the remaining rotational stroke only by inertia, realizing a complete vertical displacement and rotational motion conversion, such as Figure 6 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view of the combination of the magnet array rotating disk 27 and the transmission trigger disk 25.

[0028] In one optional embodiment, a permanent magnet array is provided in the middle of the magnet array rotating disk 27. The permanent magnet array is arranged with alternating N and N polarities, and the N poles of adjacent permanent magnets are arranged facing upwards and downwards respectively. The closed magnetic circuit formed covers the induction coil module 28 below. When the magnet array rotating disk 27 rotates, it causes a change in magnetic flux at the induction coil module 28, thereby generating an induced current.

[0029] Furthermore, the displacement conversion-driven electromagnetic power generation unit 2 employs an optimized magnetic circuit structure design, consisting of a permanent magnet array and a multi-layer wound coil assembly. The permanent magnet array is arranged with alternating N and N polarities, with the N poles of adjacent permanent magnets facing upwards and downwards respectively, forming an optimized closed magnetic circuit. Multiple induction coils are connected in series and precisely arranged using an orthogonal winding method. This design achieves a more uniform magnetic flux distribution through alternating polarity, increases the effective conductor length through series-connected coils, and significantly improves power generation performance through the coordinated operation of the magnetic poles and coils, thus optimizing overall efficiency.

[0030] In this embodiment, an optimized electromagnetic unit structure is adopted. Through a precisely designed permanent magnet array and multi-layer coil configuration, the stability and continuity of power output are significantly improved, making it fully adaptable to dynamic traffic environments.

[0031] Example 3 This embodiment further explains the present invention based on all the embodiments described above.

[0032] In one optional embodiment, the energy processing unit 3 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic cell array 12 of the photovoltaic power generation unit 1 and the induction coil module 28 of the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit 2, and outputs the DC power output from the photovoltaic cell array 12 in parallel with the DC power output from the displacement conversion power generation unit 2 after rectification and filtering.

[0033] In one optional embodiment, an anti-reverse current diode is configured on the branch connecting the energy processing unit 3 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 1, and an anti-reverse current diode is configured on the branch connecting the energy processing unit 3 and the displacement conversion power generation unit 2.

[0034] Furthermore, the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the anti-reverse current diode effectively prevents the reverse flow of current and avoids energy backflow loss between different power sources, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the output of the composite power generation system.

[0035] In the equivalent model of a photovoltaic cell, the photocurrent... I ph It can be considered an ideal current source. It can be represented as:

[0036] In the formula, I phr This represents the short-circuit current at the reference temperature. k i The temperature coefficient representing the short-circuit current. T r Indicates reference temperature. T c Indicates battery temperature. S Indicates light intensity. exp This represents the natural exponential function.

[0037] Diode current I D The expression is:

[0038] In the formula, q Represents unit charge, A Represents the ideal factor. I s Represents the reverse saturation current of the diode. Rs This indicates the series resistance within the photovoltaic panel. k This represents the Boltzmann constant.

[0039] Reverse saturation current I s The expression is as follows:

[0040] In the formula, E g Indicates the bandgap width of semiconductor materials. I or This represents the diode saturation current at the reference temperature.

[0041] Photovoltaic cells use series and parallel resistors to represent their own losses, with the current flowing through the parallel resistor... R sh Leakage current I sh Expressed by the following equation:

[0042] In the formula, U This indicates the output voltage.

[0043] According to Kirchhoff's current law, the output current of a photovoltaic cell is... I for:

[0044] Based on the above formulas, the photovoltaic cell can be derived. I-U Characteristic equation:

[0045] The output power of a photovoltaic cell can be determined from the power equation.

[0046] Photovoltaic cell output power P PV for:

[0047] in, Indicates photovoltaic output power. U Indicates the output voltage. I ph Indicates photocurrent, I s Indicates the reverse saturation current of the diode. q Represents unit charge, R s This indicates the series resistance within the photovoltaic panel. A Represents the ideal factor. k This represents Boltzmann's constant. T cIndicates battery temperature. R sh Indicates parallel resistance. I Indicates the output current of the photovoltaic cell; Furthermore, the coil is a radially distributed winding, and the average magnetic flux is obtained by integrating over the radius. First, define the coil cross-section. A eff :

[0048] in, R out , R in These are the inner and outer radii of the coil, respectively (unit: m). r Let be the radius of the coil.

[0049] A magnet is a cylinder, and its magnetic field along its axis is:

[0050] Since the coil has radial thickness, the average magnetic flux density is obtained by integrating over the radius:

[0051]

[0052] in, B r Remanence (unit: T) z The distance from the bottom of the magnet to the center of the coil. h m The height of the magnet. h c For coil height, g The air gap (in meters) is the distance from the bottom of the magnet to the top of the coil.

[0053] The average magnetic flux per turn is (The coil height direction passes through the "effective length" direction of the coil turns), therefore:

[0054] in, N Total number of turns ω ω is the rotational angular velocity (rad / s). t For rotation time.

[0055] The expression for induced electromotive force:

[0056] coil resistance turn Consider it as average turn length × number of turns:

[0057]

[0058] in, ρ The resistivity of copper, d The diameter of the copper wire (unit: m). A wire This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​a single copper wire. .

[0059] The total energy per cycle is calculated using the average magnetic flux of the coil; its expression is:

[0060] in, Indicates electromagnetic output power. This represents the average magnetic flux density of the coil. R out , R in These represent the inner and outer radii of the coil, respectively. h c Indicates the coil height. N Indicates the total number of turns. ω Indicates rotational angular velocity. d Indicates the diameter of the copper wire; Electromagnetic output power Pem :

[0061] in, T For a period of time, , w The rotation period (unit: rad / s); The total output power of the combined power generation is the sum of the photovoltaic output power and the electromagnetic output power; its expression is:

[0062] in, This indicates the total output power of the combined power generation. Indicates photovoltaic output power. This indicates the electromagnetic output power.

[0063] This invention innovatively integrates a photovoltaic cell array with a displacement-driven electromagnetic power generation unit. Through the synergistic operation of the photovoltaic effect and electromagnetic induction principle, it simultaneously achieves two energy conversions: the photovoltaic cells convert solar energy into electrical energy, while the displacement-driven electromagnetic power generation unit converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by having a conductor cut magnetic field lines through vehicle movement, thus achieving efficient recovery of both energy sources. Employing a composite circuit topology combining series and parallel connections, it optimizes the magnetic circuit layout and energy transmission path. A reverse-current protection diode circuit ensures efficient synergistic power supply from both energy sources, significantly improving system output stability and conversion efficiency. The modular design of this component ensures structural strength and durability while significantly improving energy conversion efficiency. It offers advantages such as convenient installation and simple maintenance, providing an efficient and reliable distributed energy solution for smart city infrastructure construction.

[0064] The various embodiments in this invention are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely exemplary. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. When implementing the present invention, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware. Alternatively, some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation, characterized in that, include: Photovoltaic power generation unit (1) and displacement conversion driven electromagnetic power generation unit (2); The photovoltaic power generation unit (1) is located at the top layer and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Below the photovoltaic power generation unit (1) is a displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2). The displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2) receives the vertical pressure generated by the vehicle rolling and converts the vertical displacement into rotational motion to drive electromagnetic power generation. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through changes in magnetic flux.

2. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The road photovoltaic module also includes: an energy processing unit (3) and a protection unit (4). The protection unit (4) includes a photovoltaic brick base (41), a spring buffer layer (42), and an outer protective layer (43). The energy processing unit (3) is located between the horizontal plate of the outer protective layer (43) and the horizontal plate of the photovoltaic brick base (41). The overall assembly, including the photovoltaic power generation unit (1), the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2) and the energy processing unit (3), is wrapped in the outer protective layer (43) of the annular cover structure; the photovoltaic brick base (41) is set below the photovoltaic power generation unit (1), and a groove for accommodating the spring buffer layer (42) is opened on the upper surface of the photovoltaic brick base (41). The spring buffer layer (42) is provided between the photovoltaic brick base (41) and the photovoltaic power generation unit (1), and the spring buffer layer (42) is annular.

3. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation unit (1) consists of a three-layer functional structure: a high pressure-resistant light-transmitting plate (11), a photovoltaic cell array (12), and an elastic protective layer (13). The top layer of the photovoltaic power generation unit (1) is a high pressure resistant light-transmitting plate (11), which covers the upper end of the outer protective layer (43) of the protective unit (4). The middle layer is a photovoltaic cell array (12), which is embedded in the elastic protective layer (13).

4. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell array (12) is composed of multiple monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells connected in parallel, and anti-reverse current diodes are connected in series on each photovoltaic cell branch.

5. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2) includes a pressing transmission cap (21), a limiting fixing piece (22), a reset spring (23), a spring limiting sleeve (24), a transmission trigger disc (25), a spiral transmission rod (26), a magnet array rotating disc (27), an induction coil module (28), a bearing (29), and a coil bearing base (210). The upper end of the pressing transmission cap (21) abuts against the horizontal plate of the outer protective layer (43), and the lower end contacts the limiting fixing part (22) and the spring limiting sleeve (24); the lower end of the limiting fixing part (22) is connected to the screw transmission rod (26); the reset spring (23) is sleeved on the outside of the screw transmission rod (26), and the upper end abuts against the limiting fixing part (22), and the lower end abuts against the spring limiting sleeve (24); the transmission trigger disk (25) is located below the spring limiting sleeve (24) and is passed through by the screw transmission rod (26); a magnet array rotating disk (27) is correspondingly set below the transmission trigger disk (25), the magnet array rotating disk (27) is located above the coil bearing base (210), and the bottom of the transmission trigger disk (25) is provided with a protrusion, and the magnet The array rotating disk (27) has a groove inside that matches the protrusion. The protrusion meshes with the groove, so that the rotational motion of the transmission trigger disk (25) can be transmitted to the magnet array rotating disk (27). The coil support base (210) is fixed to the lower end of the photovoltaic brick base of the protection unit. A bearing (29) is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the coil support base (210). The outer wall of the bearing (29) is bonded and fixed to the lower inner wall of the magnet array rotating disk (27). An induction coil module (28) is placed on the coil support base (210). The induction coil module (28) includes several coil frame arrays (281) arranged in series and induction coils (282) wound on the coil frame arrays. The induction coils (282) are arranged in an orthogonal winding manner.

6. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnet array rotating disk (27) has a permanent magnet array in the middle. The permanent magnet array is arranged with alternating N and N polarities, and the N poles of adjacent permanent magnets are arranged facing up and down respectively. The closed magnetic circuit formed covers the induction coil module (28) below. When the magnet array rotating disk (27) rotates, it causes a change in magnetic flux at the induction coil module (28), thereby generating an induced current.

7. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy processing unit (3) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic cell array (12) of the photovoltaic power generation unit (1) and the induction coil module (28) of the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2). The DC power output from the photovoltaic cell array (12) is connected in parallel with the DC power output from the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2) after rectification and filtering.

8. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 7, characterized in that, Anti-reverse diodes are configured on the branch connecting the energy processing unit (3) and the photovoltaic power generation unit (1), and anti-reverse diodes are configured on the branch connecting the energy processing unit (3) and the displacement conversion drive electromagnetic power generation unit (2).

9. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that, Photovoltaic cell output power P PV for: in, Indicates photovoltaic output power. U Indicates the output voltage. I ph Indicates photocurrent, I s Indicates the reverse saturation current of the diode. q Represents a unit charge. R s This indicates the series resistance within the photovoltaic panel. A Represents the ideal factor. k This represents Boltzmann's constant. T c Indicates battery temperature. R sh Indicates parallel resistance. I Indicates the output current of the photovoltaic cell; The total energy per cycle is calculated using the average magnetic flux of the coil, and the electromagnetic output power is then calculated based on the total energy per cycle; the expression is as follows: in, Indicates electromagnetic output power. This represents the average magnetic flux density of the coil. R out , R in These represent the inner and outer radii of the coil, respectively. h c Indicates the coil height. N Indicates the total number of turns. ω Indicates rotational angular velocity. d Indicates the diameter of the copper wire. T For a period of time, w The rotation period; The total output power of the combined power generation; its expression is: in, This indicates the total output power of the combined power generation. Indicates photovoltaic output power. This indicates the electromagnetic output power.

10. A road-mounted photovoltaic module combining photovoltaic and electromagnetic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic brick base (41) is made of high-strength environmentally friendly materials, and the outer protective layer (43) is made of weather-resistant and wear-resistant composite protective materials.

Images