Permanent magnet generator with fault detection function

Abstract

The application discloses a permanent magnet generator with a fault detection function, and relates to the technical field of power generation equipment. The permanent magnet generator comprises a rotor, a stator, a rotating shaft, an end cover and a fault detection and warning mechanism integrated in the end cover. The mechanism comprises a collection component composed of an inertial resonance ring and a low-rigidity torsional spring, which is used for resonant amplification of vibration of a specific fault frequency; an accumulation component composed of an accumulation ratchet, a clock spring and a pawl, which is used for converting reciprocating vibration into unidirectional rotation and storing energy; and an indication component composed of a trigger cam, a warning rod and a sleeve with a transparent cover, which is used for popping up a visual warning head when energy accumulation reaches a threshold value. The application does not require an external power supply and a circuit, and realizes autonomous sensing of abnormal vibration, energy accumulation and threshold alarm in a pure mechanical mode. The application has the advantages of compact structure, high reliability, strong anti-interference and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for early fault warning of power generation equipment with requirements for cost and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of generator technology, specifically to a permanent magnet generator with fault detection function. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet generators are widely used in wind power, small hydropower, and backup power supplies due to their simple structure, high efficiency, and convenient maintenance. However, during long-term operation, faults such as rotor imbalance, bearing wear, and demagnetization or loosening of magnets can cause abnormal vibrations. If these vibrations are not detected and addressed in time, they may lead to more serious mechanical damage, resulting in shutdowns or even safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, monitoring generator vibration mainly relies on external vibration sensors (such as accelerometers) and complex electronic monitoring systems. These solutions require additional power supplies, signal conditioning circuits, and data acquisition units, increasing system complexity and cost. Furthermore, reliability may decrease under harsh conditions such as high electromagnetic interference, humidity, and high temperatures. In addition, conventional periodic manual inspections are often delayed, making it difficult to detect sudden or progressive faults in a timely manner.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fault detection device that can be integrated inside a generator, without the need for an external power source or complex circuitry, and can autonomously detect abnormal vibrations and issue intuitive warnings, so as to achieve simple, reliable, and low-cost early fault warning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a permanent magnet generator with fault detection function. The generator has a built-in purely mechanical fault detection and warning mechanism that can convert abnormal vibration energy during operation into a visible warning signal, thereby achieving passive, self-driven early fault warning.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A permanent magnet generator with fault detection function includes a rotor, a stator, a shaft, an end cover, and a fault detection and warning mechanism integrated in the end cover. The fault detection and warning mechanism includes a data acquisition component, an accumulation component, and an indicator component.

[0008] The acquisition component includes an inertial resonance ring, which is connected to the inner wall of the end cap by at least two circumferentially evenly distributed low-stiffness torsion springs to form a resonant vibration system. The inner ring of the inertial resonance ring is provided with a driving pawl.

[0009] The accumulation component includes a fixed shaft fixedly connected to the center of the end cap, and the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft are rotatably connected by a bearing. An accumulation ratchet is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft. A spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and one end of the spring is connected to the accumulation ratchet and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft. The drive pawl engages with the accumulation ratchet to convert the reciprocating torsional oscillation of the inertial resonance ring into the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the accumulation ratchet. A trigger cam is provided on one side of the accumulation ratchet near the end cap.

[0010] The indicator assembly includes a first sleeve, one end of which extends through an end cap and is provided with a transparent cover. An alarm rod that cooperates with a trigger cam is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first sleeve. A red indicator head is provided at one end of the alarm rod located inside the first sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, an eccentric mass block is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the inertial resonance ring, and the mass and position of the eccentric mass block are configured to adjust the rotational inertia and center of mass position of the inertial resonance ring.

[0012] Preferably, the eccentric mass block has a guide groove on its surface, an adjusting mass block is slidably connected inside the guide groove, bolts are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the guide groove, and one end of the bolt protrudes from the end of the eccentric mass block, and the adjusting mass block is threadedly connected to the bolt.

[0013] Preferably, the side wall of the warning rod is provided with a first elastic limiting post, the outer wall of the first sleeve is provided with a limiting hole that cooperates with the first elastic limiting post, one end of the warning rod that extends out of the first sleeve is installed with an abutment block, and the outer wall of the warning rod is sleeved with a compression spring, and the compression spring is located between the abutment block and the first sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the end cap is provided with a check pawl that meshes with the accumulating ratchet.

[0015] Preferably, an mounting ring is slidably connected to the end cap along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. The low-stiffness torsion spring and the anti-return pawl are both mounted on the mounting ring. A second sleeve is provided on the outer surface of the end cap. A T-shaped push rod connected to the mounting ring is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second sleeve. A second elastic limiting post is provided on the side wall of the T-shaped push rod. A limiting hole that cooperates with the second elastic limiting post is provided on the side wall of the second sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the accumulation assembly further includes a preload torque adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment ring and an adjustment worm. The adjustment ring is rotatably sleeved on a fixed shaft, and the inner end of the spring is fixed to the adjustment ring. The outer circumference of the adjustment ring is provided with worm gear teeth, which together with the adjustment worm form a self-locking worm-worm gear pair. The shaft of the adjustment worm extends to the outside of the end cover, and rotating the adjustment worm can change the preload torque of the spring.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting block is provided on the side of the accumulating ratchet away from the end cover, and a positioning block that cooperates with the limiting block is provided on the side wall of the fixed shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the raised profile of the trigger cam is configured to push the warning lever to the end of the first sleeve only when the accumulated ratchet rotates to a preset final trigger angle.

[0019] Preferably, the indicator component has at least two sets, each triggered by multiple trigger cams located at different radius positions of the accumulation ratchet, for realizing multi-level fault warning.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The fault detection mechanism of this invention is driven entirely by vibration energy, requiring no external power source or circuitry, thus achieving true self-powering and intrinsic safety. Simultaneously, it mechanically integrates detection, accumulation, and warning functions within the generator, eliminating the need for external sensors and complex wiring. This significantly improves the system's anti-interference capability and long-term operational reliability in harsh environments. Furthermore, when the accumulated fault vibration reaches a threshold, the warning bar automatically pops up, providing an extremely intuitive and undeniable on-site physical alarm. It eliminates the need for remote monitoring, avoiding delays in fault handling caused by signal transmission and interpretation errors. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet generator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fault detection and warning mechanism in the permanent magnet generator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition component and accumulation component in the permanent magnet generator of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side view structure in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the preload torque adjustment mechanism in the permanent magnet generator of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the indicator component in the permanent magnet generator of the present invention.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 1. Rotor; 2. Stator; 3. Shaft; 4. End cover; 5. Inertial resonance ring; 6. Low-stiffness torsion spring; 7. Drive pawl; 8. Accumulating ratchet; 81. Limit block; 9. Spring spring; 10. Trigger cam; 11. First sleeve; 12. Warning rod; 121. First elastic limit post; 122. Abutment block; 123. Compression spring; 13. Eccentric mass block; 131. Guide groove; 132. Adjusting mass block; 133. Bolt; 14. Check pawl; 15. Mounting ring; 16. Second sleeve; 17. T-shaped push rod; 18. Second elastic limit post; 19. Adjusting ring; 20. Adjusting worm; 21. Worm gear tooth; 22. Positioning block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-7 As shown:

[0034] A permanent magnet generator with fault detection function includes a rotor 1, a stator 2, a shaft 3, an end cover 4, and a fault detection and warning mechanism integrated in the end cover 4. The fault detection and warning mechanism includes a data acquisition component, an accumulation component, and an indicator component.

[0035] The acquisition component includes an inertial resonance ring 5, which is connected to the inner wall of the end cap 4 by at least two circumferentially evenly distributed low-stiffness torsion springs 6 to form a resonant vibration system. The inner ring of the inertial resonance ring 5 is provided with a drive pawl 7.

[0036] The accumulator assembly includes a fixed shaft fixedly connected to the center of the end cap 4, and the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft 3 are rotatably connected by a bearing. An accumulator ratchet 8 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft. A spring spring 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft. One end of the spring spring 9 is connected to the accumulator ratchet 8, and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft. The pawl 7 is driven to engage with the accumulator ratchet 8 to convert the reciprocating torsional oscillation of the inertial resonance ring 5 into the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the accumulator ratchet 8. A trigger cam 10 is provided on the side of the accumulator ratchet 8 near the end cap 4.

[0037] The indicator assembly includes a first sleeve 11, one end of which protrudes through an end cap 4 and is provided with a transparent cover. An alarm rod 12 that cooperates with a trigger cam 10 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the first sleeve 11. A red indicator head is provided at one end of the alarm rod 12 located inside the first sleeve 11.

[0038] Specifically, an eccentric mass block 13 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the inertial resonance ring 5. The mass and position of the eccentric mass block 13 are configured to adjust the rotational inertia and center of mass position of the inertial resonance ring 5.

[0039] As can be seen from the above description, by adding an adjustable eccentric mass block, the rotational inertia and center of mass position of the inertial resonance ring can be adjusted flexibly and precisely, thereby achieving fine tuning of the system's natural frequency. This enables the system to more accurately match the dominant vibration frequency of different generator models or different fault characteristics, significantly improving the versatility and adaptability of the testing mechanism.

[0040] Specifically, the eccentric mass block 13 has a guide groove 131 on its surface, and an adjusting mass block 132 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 131. Bolts 133 are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the guide groove 131, and one end of the bolt 133 passes through the end of the eccentric mass block 13. The adjusting mass block 132 is threadedly connected to the bolt 133.

[0041] As can be seen from the above description, the fine-tuning mechanism consisting of the adjusting mass block and bolts allows for stepless and continuous adjustment of the center of mass position after installation or during use, enabling convenient on-site calibration and optimization of the resonant frequency, eliminating the hassle of replacing parts, and making the tuning process more precise and efficient.

[0042] Specifically, the warning rod 12 has a first elastic limiting post 121 on its side wall, and the outer wall of the first sleeve 11 has a limiting hole that cooperates with the first elastic limiting post 121. The end of the warning rod 12 that extends out of the first sleeve 11 is equipped with an abutment block 122, and the outer wall of the warning rod 12 is fitted with a compression spring 123, which is located between the abutment block 122 and the first sleeve 11.

[0043] As can be seen from the above description, the indicator component structure, which combines an elastic limit post and a compression spring, ensures that the warning rod is reliably locked in the extended position after being triggered, ensuring that the fault warning signal can be displayed continuously until manual intervention resets it. This effectively prevents the warning signal from flashing or disappearing due to continuous equipment vibration, thus guaranteeing the reliability and clarity of the warning.

[0044] Specifically, the end cover 4 is provided with a check pawl 14 that meshes with the cumulative ratchet 8.

[0045] As can be seen from the above description, setting a check pawl effectively prevents the accumulated ratchet from reversing under the action of the spring reaction force, ensuring the unidirectionality and irreversibility of abnormal vibration energy during the accumulation process, avoiding the loss of accumulated energy, and thus ensuring the accuracy of the trigger threshold.

[0046] Specifically, an installation ring 15 is slidably connected to the end cap 4 along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. A low-stiffness torsion spring 6 and a check pawl 14 are both installed on the installation ring 15. A second sleeve 16 is provided on the outer surface of the end cap 4. A T-shaped push rod 17 connected to the installation ring 15 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second sleeve 16. A second elastic limiting post 18 is provided on the side wall of the T-shaped push rod 17. A limiting hole that cooperates with the second elastic limiting post 18 is provided on the side wall of the second sleeve 16.

[0047] As can be seen from the above description, by integrating key components through an axially sliding mounting ring, and in conjunction with an external T-shaped push rod and a limiting mechanism, the drive pawl, the check pawl, and the cumulative ratchet can be quickly and completely disengaged and engaged. This design greatly simplifies the manual reset operation and maintenance process, making the entire mechanism easy to reset.

[0048] Specifically, the accumulation assembly also includes a preload torque adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment ring 19 and an adjustment worm 20. The adjustment ring 19 is rotatably sleeved on a fixed shaft. The inner end of the spring 9 is fixed to the adjustment ring 19. The outer circumference of the adjustment ring 19 is provided with worm gear teeth 21, which together with the adjustment worm 20 form a self-locking worm gear pair. The shaft of the adjustment worm 20 extends to the outside of the end cover 4. Rotating the adjustment worm 20 can change the preload torque of the spring 9.

[0049] As can be seen from the above description, the addition of a preload torque adjustment mechanism consisting of a worm gear and worm wheel pair allows for flexible setting of the initial preload of the spring according to actual working conditions, such as different fault severity judgment criteria. This enables stepless adjustment of the energy accumulation threshold required to trigger the alarm, achieving customizable early warning sensitivity and broadening the applicability of the detection mechanism.

[0050] Specifically, a limiting block 81 is provided on the side of the cumulative ratchet 8 away from the end cover 4, and a positioning block 22 that cooperates with the limiting block 81 is provided on the side wall of the fixed shaft.

[0051] As can be seen from the above description, a mechanical limiting structure with a limiting block and a positioning block is set between the accumulating ratchet and the fixed shaft, which rigidly limits the return stroke of the accumulating ratchet, so that the preload of the spring can remain unchanged after the return.

[0052] Specifically, the raised profile of the trigger cam 10 is configured to push the warning lever 12 to slide to the end of the first sleeve 11 only when the cumulative ratchet 8 rotates to a preset final trigger angle.

[0053] As can be seen from the above description, the indicator component will only activate when the fault vibration energy has actually accumulated to a preset severity level, effectively eliminating interference or false triggering caused by slight movements during the accumulation process, and improving the accuracy and authority of the warning.

[0054] Specifically, the indicator assembly has at least two sets, which are triggered by multiple trigger cams 10 located at different radius positions of the cumulative ratchet 8, to realize multi-level fault warning.

[0055] As can be seen from the above description, by setting up multiple sets of indicator components driven by cams with different radii, different levels of early warning indicators (such as primary early warning and critical alarm) can be triggered sequentially according to the different cumulative ratchet rotation angles. This realizes the hierarchical visualization of the severity of the fault, providing maintenance personnel with richer and more accurate status information, which facilitates differentiated maintenance.

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0057] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a permanent magnet generator with fault detection function includes a conventional rotor 1, stator 2, shaft 3 and end cover 4, and a purely mechanical fault detection and warning mechanism is integrated in one of the end covers 4.

[0058] The organization mainly consists of three parts: a data acquisition component, an accumulation component, and an indication component.

[0059] The acquisition component is used to sense and amplify abnormal vibrations. Its core is an inertial resonant ring 5, which is elastically connected to the inner wall of the end cover 4 or a mounting base by at least two (e.g., three) circumferentially evenly distributed low-stiffness torsion springs 6. The inertial resonant ring 5, the low-stiffness torsion springs 6 and the end cover 4 together constitute a torsional vibration system. Its natural frequency can be tuned by changing the moment of inertia of the inertial resonant ring 5 or the stiffness of the low-stiffness torsion springs 6 to make it close to the characteristic frequency of the target fault (such as rotor imbalance), thereby achieving a resonant response and amplifying the weak fault vibration signal. A drive pawl 7 is fixedly installed on the inner ring of the inertial resonant ring 5.

[0060] The accumulator component converts amplified reciprocating vibration energy into unidirectional rotational motion and stores it. It includes a fixed shaft (not separately labeled in the figure, its position is coaxial with the rotating shaft 3) fixedly connected to the center of the end cap 4. The fixed shaft and rotating shaft 3 are rotatably connected via bearings to ensure no interference. An accumulator ratchet 8 is mounted on the fixed shaft via bearings and can rotate freely. A spring-loaded spring 9 is mounted on the fixed shaft, its outer end connected to the inner side of the accumulator ratchet 8, and its inner end connected to the fixed shaft (or the adjusting ring 19 connected to the fixed shaft), driving the pawl 7 to mesh with the teeth of the accumulator ratchet 8. When abnormal vibration occurs in the generator... At this time, the inertial resonance ring 5 reciprocates and swings, driving the pawl 7 to swing accordingly, and causing the accumulator ratchet 8 to rotate intermittently in one direction. The rotation of the accumulator ratchet 8 will gradually tighten the spring spring 9, storing the vibration energy in the form of mechanical potential energy. On the side of the accumulator ratchet 8 facing the end cover 4, a trigger cam 10 is provided. The protruding profile of the trigger cam 10 is designed as an involute or a specific curve, so that during most of the stroke of the accumulator ratchet 8, its profile maintains non-pushing contact or leaves a gap with the warning lever 12. Only when the accumulator ratchet 8 rotates to the final trigger angle does the protruding part just push the warning lever 12 out completely.

[0061] The indicator assembly provides a final visual warning of a malfunction. It includes a first sleeve 11 fixed to the end cap 4. One end (outer end) of the first sleeve 11 protrudes from the end cap 4 and is enclosed in a transparent cover (such as transparent glass or plastic). An indicator rod 12 is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the first sleeve 11. The inner end of the indicator rod 12 (the end near the accumulator ratchet) can contact the contour of the trigger cam 10, and the outer end is connected to a red indicator head (or directly coated with red). Under normal circumstances, the indicator rod 12 retracts under the action of a return spring (such as a compression spring 123 sleeved outside the indicator rod), and the indicator head is hidden inside the sleeve. When the accumulator ratchet 8 rotates to a certain preset angle under the continuous drive of abnormal vibration, the protrusion of the trigger cam 10 on it just contacts the inner end of the indicator rod 12 and overcomes the spring force to push the indicator rod 12 outward, so that the red indicator head extends out of the transparent cover, thereby giving a clear "malfunction" visual signal.

[0062] In this scheme, to further facilitate and accurately adjust the natural frequency of the acquisition component, an eccentric mass block 13 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the inertial resonance ring 5. By changing the mass of the eccentric mass block 13 or its installation position (angle) on the ring, the overall rotational inertia and center of mass position of the inertial resonance ring 5 can be comprehensively adjusted, thereby achieving more precise resonance frequency tuning to match different expected fault characteristic frequencies.

[0063] Furthermore, a guide groove 131 is provided on the surface of the eccentric mass block 13. An adjusting mass block 132 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 131. Bolts 133 are rotatably connected at opposite ends (or one end) of the guide groove 131. One end of the bolt 133 protrudes from the end of the eccentric mass block 13 for operation. The adjusting mass block 132 and the bolt 133 are connected by threads. Rotating the bolt 133 can drive the adjusting mass block 132 to slide along the guide groove 131, thereby continuously and precisely changing the position of the center of mass of the entire eccentric mass block assembly.

[0064] In this design, to ensure the stability of the indicator component after triggering and to prevent the warning from disappearing due to the retraction of the warning rod 12 caused by vibration, a first elastic limiting post 121 (such as a spring steel ball) is provided on the side wall of the warning rod 12. A limiting hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve 11 to cooperate with the first elastic limiting post 121. An abutment block 122 is installed at one end of the warning rod 12 that extends out of the first sleeve 11. A compression spring 123 is sleeved on the outer wall of the warning rod 12, and the compression spring 123 is located between the abutment block 122 and the outer end face of the first sleeve 11. When the trigger cam 10 pushes the warning rod 12 to slide outward to the limit position, the first elastic limiting post 121 is engaged in the limiting hole, locking the warning rod 12 in the extended state. When manual reset is required, pressing the abutment block 122 can retract the limiting post, and the warning rod 12 is reset under the action of the compression spring 123.

[0065] In this design, to prevent the accumulating ratchet 8 from reversing under the reverse torque of the spring spring 9, resulting in energy loss, the end cover 4 is provided with a check pawl 14 that meshes with the accumulating ratchet 8. The check pawl 14 only allows the accumulating ratchet 8 to rotate in the energy storage direction (i.e., the direction driven by the driving pawl 7), and it is locked in the opposite direction.

[0066] In this design, to facilitate maintenance of the testing mechanism (such as replacing the pawl or spring) or manual reset, a mounting ring 15 is slidably connected to the end cover 4 along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. The low-stiffness torsion spring 6 and the check pawl 14 are both mounted on this mounting ring 15. A second sleeve 16 is provided on the outer surface of the end cover 4. A T-shaped push rod 17 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second sleeve 16. The inner end of the T-shaped push rod 17 is connected to the mounting ring 15. A second elastic limiting post 18 is provided on the side wall of the T-shaped push rod 17. A limiting hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side wall of the second sleeve 16 to cooperate with it. Under normal circumstances, the second elastic limiting post 18... 8 is engaged in the limiting hole, keeping the mounting ring 15 in its normal working position. When disengagement is required, push the T-shaped push rod 17 inward, which will move the entire mounting ring 15, together with the low-stiffness torsion spring 6 and the check pawl 14, inward. This will disengage the drive pawl 7 from the accumulation ratchet 8, and the check pawl 14 will also disengage at the same time. At this time, the rotating accumulation ratchet 8 will rotate in the opposite direction to the initial position under the action of the spring spring 9 to reset. The positioning block 22 and the limiting block 81 will cooperate to limit the movement. Release the T-shaped push rod 17, and the mounting ring 15 will reset under the action of the internal spring (not shown in the figure) or manual pulling, and the pawls will re-engage.

[0067] In this solution, to meet the needs of fault warning of different severity levels, the accumulation component also includes a preload torque adjustment mechanism. This mechanism includes an adjustment ring 19 and an adjustment worm 20. The adjustment ring 19 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft. The inner end of the spring 9 is fixed to this adjustment ring 19 (instead of being directly fixed to the fixed shaft). The outer circumference of the adjustment ring 19 is machined with worm gear teeth 21, which together with the adjustment worm 20 rotatably mounted on the end cover 4 form a worm gear pair. The shaft of the adjustment worm 20 extends to the outside of the end cover 4 and is equipped with a knob or screwdriver. Rotating the adjustment worm 20 can drive the adjustment ring 19 to rotate, thereby changing the initial preload torque of the spring 9. The worm gear pair has self-locking properties and can maintain the stability of the set value.

[0068] In this scheme, in order to achieve multi-level early warning (for example, a yellow warning indicates a minor abnormality and a red warning indicates a serious fault), the indicator component can be provided with at least two sets. Accordingly, multiple trigger cams 10 are provided at different radius positions of the accumulating ratchet 8 (for example, the first cam has a small radius and the second cam has a large radius). As the accumulating ratchet 8 rotates, the first cam with a small radius first contacts and triggers the first-level indicator component (such as pushing out the yellow indicator head), and then the second cam with a large radius triggers the second-level indicator component at a larger rotation angle (such as pushing out the red indicator head).

[0069] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0070] During normal operation, the generator vibrates gently, the inertial resonance ring 5 responds weakly, and the accumulated ratchet 8 basically does not rotate.

[0071] When a fault such as rotor imbalance occurs, the generator generates abnormal vibration at a specific frequency. The inertial resonance ring 5, tuned to near this frequency, resonates significantly, generating reciprocating oscillations. By driving the pawl 7 to move the accumulating ratchet 8, part of the energy of each oscillation is converted into the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the accumulating ratchet 8 and stored in the spring spring 9. The check pawl 14 prevents reverse rotation.

[0072] As the abnormal vibration continues, the rotation angle of the cumulative ratchet 8 gradually increases. When the rotation angle reaches the first preset value, the first-stage trigger cam pushes the first-stage indicator to activate, giving a primary warning. If the vibration continues to worsen and the rotation angle reaches a larger second preset value, the second-stage trigger cam pushes the second-stage indicator to activate, giving a serious fault alarm. By observing the color and number of the indicator heads protruding from the end cover, the inspection personnel can determine the generator status. After the fault is cleared, the entire system can be restored to its initial state through the reset mechanism such as the T-shaped push rod 17.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet generator with a fault detection function, comprising a rotor (1), a stator (2), a rotating shaft (3) and an end cover (4), characterized in that: It also includes a fault detection and warning mechanism integrated in the end cap (4), the fault detection and warning mechanism including a data acquisition component, an accumulation component and an indicator component; The acquisition component includes an inertial resonance ring (5), which is connected to the inner wall of the end cap (4) by at least two circumferentially evenly distributed low-stiffness torsion springs (6) to form a tuning vibration system. The inner ring of the inertial resonance ring (5) is provided with a driving pawl (7). The accumulation assembly includes a fixed shaft fixedly connected to the center of the end cover (4), and the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft (3) are rotatably connected by a bearing. An accumulation ratchet (8) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed shaft. A spring spring (9) is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft. One end of the spring spring (9) is connected to the accumulation ratchet (8), and the other end is connected to the fixed shaft. The driving pawl (7) meshes with the accumulation ratchet (8) to convert the reciprocating torsion of the inertial resonance ring (5) into the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the accumulation ratchet (8). A trigger cam (10) is provided on one side of the accumulation ratchet (8) near the end cover (4). A check pawl (14) that meshes with the accumulation ratchet (8) is provided on the end cover (4). The indicator assembly includes a first sleeve (11), one end of which extends through the end cap (4) and is provided with a transparent cover. The inner cavity of the first sleeve (11) is slidably connected to an alarm rod (12) that cooperates with the trigger cam (10). The end of the alarm rod (12) located inside the first sleeve (11) is provided with a red indicator head.

2. The permanent magnet generator with a malfunction detection function according to claim 1, characterized by, An eccentric mass block (13) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the inertial resonance ring (5). The mass and position of the eccentric mass block (13) are configured to adjust the rotational inertia and center of mass position of the inertial resonance ring (5).

3. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The eccentric mass block (13) has a guide groove (131) on its surface. An adjusting mass block (132) is slidably connected inside the guide groove (131). Bolts (133) are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the guide groove (131), and one end of the bolt (133) passes through the end of the eccentric mass block (13). The adjusting mass block (132) is threadedly connected to the bolt (133).

4. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warning rod (12) has a first elastic limiting post (121) on its side wall. The outer wall of the first sleeve (11) has a limiting hole that cooperates with the first elastic limiting post (121). The end of the warning rod (12) that extends out of the first sleeve (11) is equipped with an abutment block (122). The outer wall of the warning rod (12) is fitted with a compression spring (123), and the compression spring (123) is located between the abutment block (122) and the first sleeve (11).

5. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, An mounting ring (15) is slidably connected to the end cap (4) along the axial direction of the fixed shaft. The low-stiffness torsion spring (6) and the check pawl (14) are both mounted on the mounting ring (15). A second sleeve (16) is provided on the outer surface of the end cap (4). A T-shaped push rod (17) connected to the mounting ring (15) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second sleeve (16). A second elastic limiting post (18) is provided on the side wall of the T-shaped push rod (17). A limiting hole that cooperates with the second elastic limiting post (18) is provided on the side wall of the second sleeve (16).

6. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The accumulation assembly also includes a preload torque adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment ring (19) and an adjustment worm (20). The adjustment ring (19) is rotatably sleeved on a fixed shaft. The inner end of the spring (9) is fixed on the adjustment ring (19). The outer circumference of the adjustment ring (19) is provided with worm gear teeth (21), which together with the adjustment worm (20) form a worm-worm gear pair with self-locking properties. The shaft of the adjustment worm (20) extends to the outside of the end cover (4). Rotating the adjustment worm (20) changes the preload torque of the spring (9).

7. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cumulative ratchet (8) is provided with a limiting block (81) on one side away from the end cap (4), and the fixed shaft sidewall is provided with a positioning block (22) that cooperates with the limiting block (81).

8. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raised profile of the trigger cam (10) is configured to push the warning lever (12) to slide to the end of the first sleeve (11) only when the cumulative ratchet (8) rotates to a preset final trigger angle.

9. The permanent magnet generator with fault detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indicator component is provided in at least two sets, which are triggered by multiple trigger cams (10) located at different radius positions of the cumulative ratchet (8) to realize multi-level fault warning.

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