Straw crushing and fermenting integrated equipment with improved structure

Abstract

The invention discloses straw smashing and fermenting integrated equipment with an improved structure, which comprises a machine shell, a smashing chamber is arranged in the machine shell, a smashing assembly is mounted in the smashing chamber, the smashing assembly comprises a first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected to the machine shell, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the machine shell; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first gear; according to the smashing assembly, substandard straw is transferred to a smashing area to be smashed again through cooperation of the screen drum rotating at a low speed and the partition blocks, the knocking assembly periodically knocks the screen drum, compared with an existing scraping rod structure, straw fragments can be prevented from being pushed into screen holes, the straw fragments clamped in the screen holes can be effectively removed in a vibration mode, and the smashing efficiency is improved. Therefore, the problem of screen mesh hole blockage is solved; the compression assembly achieves continuous operation of feeding, compression and discharging through the design of a rotary disc and double pressing plates, the smashing procedure does not need to be paused, and the continuity of straw compression treatment is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an integrated straw crushing and fermentation equipment with an improved structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of straw crushing and fermentation, uneven particle size is a key issue restricting fermentation efficiency. Larger straws have a smaller surface area for microbial attachment, resulting in slower decomposition and affecting the overall fermentation process. To address this issue, existing technologies use sieves to screen straw fragments, allowing straw with substandard particle sizes to continue crushing. For example, the agricultural plant straw crushing and fermentation device disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN220545513U uses a sieve to screen qualified particles, leaving substandard straw for further crushing. A scraper is also used to brush the inner wall of the sieve to prevent clogging and assist in turning the straw. However, in such devices, the scraper and crushing blade rotate at high speed simultaneously, which actually hinders the straw from passing through the sieve. Furthermore, during the pushing process, the scraper can easily force fragments of the appropriate mesh size into the mesh, exacerbating clogging. Moreover, the passive scraping method, which only moves along the sieve wall, cannot fundamentally remove the already clogged material, failing to completely solve the problem of sieve clogging. In addition, crushed straw contains a lot of air and has a large volume, which is not conducive to creating the low-oxygen / anaerobic environment required for fermentation. To solve this problem, existing technologies compress the crushed straw. For example, two sets of electric push rods are used to drive the pressure plate and push plate respectively to realize the functions of compression and feeding. The pressure plate is used in conjunction with the compression chamber to compact the straw. Then the pressure plate is retracted and the push plate is used to push the compacted straw out of the compression chamber. However, this structure lacks continuity in operation. The crushing operation must be paused during the compression process, which seriously affects the processing efficiency and makes it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale straw processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated straw crushing and fermentation device with an improved structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated straw crushing and fermentation device with an improved structure, comprising a casing, a crushing chamber provided inside the casing, a crushing assembly installed inside the crushing chamber, the crushing assembly including a first motor and fixedly connected to the casing, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor and rotatably connected to the casing, a first gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a plurality of second gears meshing with the first gear, a gear ring fixedly connected inside the crushing chamber and the second gears meshing with the gear ring, a mounting plate rotatably connected to the rotating shaft and the second gears rotatably connected to the mounting plate, a sieve cylinder fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a plurality of blades fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and disposed inside the sieve cylinder, and a plurality of partitions evenly distributed on the inner wall of the sieve cylinder.

[0005] A striking component is provided on one side of the crushing assembly. The striking component includes a mounting base, a connecting rod, a striking wheel, and a spring. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the crushing chamber. A connecting rod is hinged to the mounting base. A striking wheel is rotatably connected to the connecting rod and is rolled on the screen cylinder. Multiple wedges are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen cylinder. A spring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the mounting base.

[0006] A feed hopper is fixedly connected to the casing, and the output end of the feed hopper is conductively connected to the inside of the screen cylinder.

[0007] The crushing chamber is provided with a discharge port, and a discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the discharge port.

[0008] The casing contains a compression chamber, which houses a compression assembly located at the output end of the discharge hopper. The compression assembly includes a mounting frame, a second motor, a base plate, a first through hole, a turntable, a second through hole, an electric push rod, a connecting frame, a sleeve, and a pressure plate. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the compression chamber, and the base plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting frame. A turntable is located at the top of the base plate, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the base plate. The output end of the second motor passes through the base plate and is fixedly connected to the turntable. Multiple second through holes are evenly distributed on the turntable, one of which is located at the output end of the discharge hopper.

[0009] An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the compression chamber. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod. Sleeves are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting frame. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve. The pressure plate is located at the top of the second through hole. A first through hole is opened on the bottom plate at the position corresponding to one of the pressure plates.

[0010] A discharge trough is provided at the bottom of the first through hole, and the discharge trough is fixed to the machine housing.

[0011] The present invention provides an integrated straw crushing and fermentation device with an improved structure. Its advantages are as follows: The crushing component of the present invention uses a low-speed rotating screen cylinder in conjunction with partitions to transfer substandard straw to the crushing area for re-crushing. Combined with the periodic striking component striking the screen cylinder, compared with the existing scraper structure, it can avoid pushing straw fragments into the screen holes and can also effectively remove straw fragments stuck in the screen holes through vibration, thereby solving the problem of screen hole blockage; The compression component realizes continuous operation of feeding, compression and discharge through the turntable and double pressure plate design, without interrupting the crushing process, which greatly improves the continuity of straw compression treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the casing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of region A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crushing component of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of region B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crushing component of the present invention from another angle; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the compression component of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Casing; 11. Crushing chamber; 12. Feed hopper; 13. Discharge hopper; 14. Compression chamber; 15. Discharge chute; 16. Discharge port; 2. Crushing assembly; 21. First motor; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. First gear; 24. Second gear; 25. Mounting plate; 26. Gear ring; 27. Screen cylinder; 28. Partition block; 29. ​​Blade; 210. Wedge block; 3. Striking assembly; 31. Mounting base; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Striking wheel; 34. Spring; 4. Compression assembly; 41. Mounting frame; 42. Second motor; 43. Base plate; 44. First through hole; 45. Turntable; 46. Second through hole; 47. Electric push rod; 48. Connecting frame; 49. Sleeve; 410. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8An embodiment of the present invention provides a straw crushing and fermentation integrated device with an improved structure, comprising a housing 1, a crushing chamber 11 disposed within the housing 1, a crushing assembly 2 installed within the crushing chamber 11, the crushing assembly 2 including a first motor 21 fixedly connected to the housing 1, a rotating shaft 22 fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 21 and rotatably connected to the housing 1, a first gear 23 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22, a plurality of second gears 24 meshing with the first gear 23, a gear ring 26 fixedly connected within the crushing chamber 11, the second gears 24 meshing with the gear ring 26, and a mounting plate 25 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 22. A screen cylinder 27 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 25. Multiple blades 29 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22 and are disposed inside the screen cylinder 27. Multiple partitions 28 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the screen cylinder 27. A first motor 21 drives the rotating shaft 22 to rotate on the housing 1. The first gear 23 and blades 29 on the rotating shaft 22 rotate accordingly. The first gear 23 drives the second gear 24 to roll within the gear ring 26. The second gear 24 drives the mounting plate 25, causing the screen cylinder 27 on the mounting plate 25 to rotate. The rotating blades 29 pulverize the straw. Small straw fragments pass through the screen cylinder 27, while large straw fragments remain inside. The rotating screen cylinder 27 passes through the partitions. 28. Large-volume straw fragments are transferred until the partition 28 can no longer block them. Under the action of gravity, the large-volume straw fragments fall into the crushing area where the blade 29 is located for re-crushing. A striking component 3 is provided on one side of the crushing component 2. The striking component 3 includes a mounting base 31, a connecting rod 32, a striking wheel 33, and a spring 34. The mounting base 31 is fixedly connected to the crushing chamber 11. The connecting rod 32 is hinged to the mounting base 31. The striking wheel 33 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 32 and is rolled on the screen cylinder 27. Multiple wedges 210 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen cylinder 27. The spring 34 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 32, and the other end of the spring 34 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 31. During the rotation of the screen cylinder 27, the striking wheel 33 rolls on the surface of the screen cylinder 27. When the striking wheel 33 rolls onto the wedge block 210, the connecting rod 32 deflects on the mounting base 31, thereby stretching the spring 34. When the striking wheel 33 disengages from the wedge block 210, the connecting rod 32 quickly resets under the action of the spring 34, causing the striking wheel 33 to strike the screen cylinder 27, thereby shaking off the straw powder in the screen holes and preventing the screen holes from clogging. A feed hopper 12 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the output end of the feed hopper 12 is conductively connected to the inside of the screen cylinder 27. The feed hopper 12 is used for feeding. A discharge port 16 is opened in the crushing chamber 11, and a discharge hopper 13 is conductively fixed on the discharge port 16. The discharge port 16 and the discharge hopper 13 are used for discharging.A compression chamber 14 is provided inside the casing 1, and a compression assembly 4 is installed inside the compression chamber 14. The compression assembly 4 is located at the output end of the discharge hopper 13. The compression assembly 4 includes a mounting frame 41, a second motor 42, a base plate 43, a first through hole 44, a turntable 45, a second through hole 46, an electric push rod 47, a connecting frame 48, a sleeve 49, and a pressure plate 410. The mounting frame 41 is fixedly connected to the compression chamber 14. The base plate 43 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting frame 41. A turntable 45 is provided at the top of the base plate 43. The second motor 42 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the base plate 43. The output end of the second motor 42 passes through the base plate 43 and is fixedly connected to the turntable 45. Multiple second through holes 46 are evenly distributed on the turntable 45. One of the second through holes 46 is located at the output end of the discharge hopper 13. The mounting frame 41 is used to install the base plate 43, and the base plate 43 is used to install the second motor 42 and... A turntable 45 is driven by a second motor 42. The turntable 45 accommodates straw fragments through a second through hole 46. An electric push rod 47 is fixedly connected inside the compression chamber 14. A connecting frame 48 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 47. Sleeves 49 are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting frame 48. A pressure plate 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve 49 and is located at the top of the second through hole 46. A first through hole 44 is provided on the bottom plate 43 at the position corresponding to one of the pressure plates 410. The electric push rod 47 drives the connecting frame 48, and the sleeve 49 is used to install the pressure plate 410. One pressure plate 410 is used to compress straw fragments, and the other pressure plate 410 is used to push the material. The first through hole 44 is used to discharge the material. A discharge trough 15 is provided at the bottom end of the first through hole 44 and is fixedly connected to the machine casing 1. The discharge trough 15 is used to discharge the compressed straw fragments.

[0017] Working principle: When using this invention, straw is fed into the screen cylinder 27 of the crushing chamber 11 through the feed hopper 12. The first motor 21 is started, and the first motor 21 drives the rotating shaft 22 to rotate on the machine housing 1. The first gear 23 and the blades 29 on the rotating shaft 22 rotate accordingly. The first gear 23 drives the second gear 24 to roll in the gear ring 26. The second gear 24 drives the mounting plate 25, and the screen cylinder 27 on the mounting plate 25 rotates accordingly. The rotating blades 29 crush the straw. Small straw fragments fall into the crushing chamber 11 through the screen cylinder 27 and pass through the discharge port 16 and... The material enters the second through hole 46 from the discharge hopper 13, while large-volume straw fragments remain in the screen cylinder 27. The rotating screen cylinder 27 transfers the large-volume straw fragments through the partitions 28 on it until the partitions 28 can no longer block the large-volume straw fragments. Under the action of gravity, the large-volume straw fragments fall into the crushing area where the blades 29 are located for re-crushing. When the discharge hopper 13 is filled with small-volume straw fragments, it means that the second through hole 46 is full. At this time, the second motor 42 on the mounting frame 41 drives the turntable 45 to rotate one position, transferring the second through hole 46 containing small-volume straw fragments to the compression. At the workstation, the electric push rod 47 in the compression chamber 14 drives the connecting frame 48 to move downwards. The connecting frame 48 drives the pressure plate 410 via the sleeve 49. The pressure plate 410, in conjunction with the bottom plate 43, compresses the small-volume straw fragments in the second through hole 46. Then, the electric push rod 47 resets, and the second motor 42 drives the turntable 45 to rotate one workstation, transferring the second through hole 46 containing the compressed straw fragments to the discharge workstation. At this time, the electric push rod 47 drives the connecting frame 48 to move downwards, and another sleeve 49 on the connecting frame 48 drives the pressure plate 410. The pressure plate 410 pushes the compressed straw in the second through hole 46. The crushed straw powder is discharged into the discharge trough 15 through the first through hole 44 and then discharged from the equipment. Finally, the electric push rod 47 is reset, thus completing one cycle of compression process. During the rotation of the screen cylinder 27, the striking wheel 33 rolls on the surface of the screen cylinder 27. When the striking wheel 33 rolls onto the wedge block 210, the connecting rod 32 deflects on the mounting base 31, thereby stretching the spring 34. When the striking wheel 33 disengages from the wedge block 210, the connecting rod 32 quickly resets under the action of the spring 34, causing the striking wheel 33 to strike the screen cylinder 27, thereby shaking off the straw powder in the screen holes and preventing the screen holes from clogging.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms installation, connection, and linking should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and fermentation integrated device with an improved structure, comprising a casing (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a crushing chamber (11), and a crushing assembly (2) is installed in the crushing chamber (11). The crushing assembly (2) includes a first motor (21), and the first motor (21) is fixedly connected to the housing (1). The output end of the first motor (21) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (22), and the rotating shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the housing (1). A first gear (23) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (22), and multiple second gears (24) are meshed on the first gear (23). A gear ring (26) is fixedly connected inside the crushing chamber (11), and a second gear (24) is meshed on the gear ring (26). A mounting plate (25) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (22), and the second gear (24) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (25). A screen cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (25). Multiple blades (29) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (22), and the blades (29) are set inside the screen cylinder (27). Multiple partitions (28) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the screen cylinder (27).

2. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing component (2) is provided with a striking component (3) on one side. The striking component (3) includes a mounting base (31), a connecting rod (32), a striking wheel (33) and a spring (34). The mounting base (31) is fixedly connected to the crushing chamber (11). The connecting rod (32) is hinged on the mounting base (31). The striking wheel (33) is rotatably connected on the connecting rod (32). The striking wheel (33) is rolled on the screen cylinder (27). Multiple wedges (210) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen cylinder (27). The spring (34) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (32). The other end of the spring (34) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (31).

3. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine casing (1) is fixedly connected to a feed hopper (12), and the output end of the feed hopper (12) is connected to the screen cylinder (27).

4. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing chamber (11) is provided with a discharge port (16), and a discharge hopper (13) is fixedly connected to the discharge port (16).

5. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a compression chamber (14), and a compression assembly (4) is installed in the compression chamber (14). The compression assembly (4) is located at the output end of the discharge hopper (13). The compression assembly (4) includes a mounting frame (41), a second motor (42), a base plate (43), a first through hole (44), a turntable (45), a second through hole (46), an electric push rod (47), a connecting frame (48), a sleeve (49), and a pressure plate (410). The mounting frame (41) is located at the output end of the discharge hopper (13). The mounting bracket (41) is fixedly connected to the compression chamber (14). The upper surface of the mounting bracket (41) is fixedly connected to the base plate (43). The top of the base plate (43) is provided with a turntable (45). The lower surface of the base plate (43) is fixedly connected to the second motor (42). The output end of the second motor (42) passes through the base plate (43) and is fixedly connected to the turntable (45). The turntable (45) is evenly distributed with multiple second through holes (46). One of the second through holes (46) is located at the output end of the discharge hopper (13).

6. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: An electric push rod (47) is fixedly connected inside the compression chamber (14). A connecting frame (48) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (47). A sleeve (49) is fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting frame (48). A pressure plate (410) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sleeve (49). The pressure plate (410) is located at the top of the second through hole (46). A first through hole (44) is opened on the bottom plate (43) at the position corresponding to one of the pressure plates (410).

7. The straw crushing and fermentation integrated equipment with an improved structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the first through hole (44) is provided with a discharge groove (15), and the discharge groove (15) is fixed to the machine housing (1).

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