Spraying device for waterproof detection of building outer wall

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering detection equipment, and discloses a spraying device for waterproof detection of a building outer wall, which comprises a rack, an adsorption mechanism fixed on the rack, and a sealing mechanism arranged on the rack, the sealing mechanism comprises a sealing cylinder and a sealing assembly located at the opening end of the sealing cylinder, the sealing assembly comprises an inner layer sealing unit and an outer layer sealing unit which are arranged at an interval, an annular gap is defined between the inner layer sealing unit and the outer layer sealing unit, and a through hole communicated with the annular gap is formed in the wall body of the sealing cylinder. The reducing throat part is arranged in the main flow guide pipe and communicated with the annular gap, so that spraying main flow water forms jet flow negative pressure at the throat part, water mist gathered in the annular gap of the sealing assembly and air can be actively introduced into a main flow channel to be mixed and then sprayed out of the spray head, and recycling and cyclic utilization of the water mist are achieved; the influence of outward diffusion of water mist on the working environment is reduced, and extra electric suction equipment does not need to be configured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering testing equipment, specifically a spraying device for testing the waterproofing of building exterior walls. Background Technology

[0002] On-site verification of the waterproofing performance of building exterior walls typically involves simulating rainfall conditions through spraying or sprinkling. A certain intensity of water flow is applied to a designated area of ​​the wall within a specified time to observe phenomena such as leakage and moisture spread, and to make a judgment based on these observations. This type of testing requires a high degree of consistency in operating conditions, especially ensuring clear boundaries and stable coverage of the sprayed area, while minimizing interference with surrounding non-tested areas and the working environment.

[0003] Currently, on-site spraying often employs manual pipe spraying or simple bracket sprinkler heads. In this method, the sprayed water impacts the wall surface, forming rebound droplets and mist. Simultaneously, the falling water often slides along the wall, and due to factors such as wall roughness, slight slope, seams, and capillary absorption, this sliding water easily diffuses downwards and laterally into non-testing areas, causing these areas to become wetted or even show signs of penetration, thus interfering with test results. Furthermore, when testing the same wall surface in batches, the sliding water from one area may cross-infect subsequent testing areas, reducing the consistency and repeatability of testing conditions.

[0004] To limit the detection area, existing technologies also include setting up a cover or water-blocking structure on the outside of the nozzle in order to reduce the splashing. However, walls often have undulations, unevenness and seams, making it difficult for the cover to fit stably against the wall for a long time. Local gaps can easily occur, causing water mist and rebound droplets to escape. On the other hand, a completely sealed environment can cause the air pressure in the enclosed area to rise. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spraying device for testing the waterproofing of building exterior walls, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a spraying device for testing waterproofing of building exterior walls, comprising a frame, an adsorption mechanism fixed on the frame, and a sealing mechanism disposed on the frame; The sealing mechanism includes a sealing cylinder and a sealing assembly located at its open end. The sealing assembly includes an inner sealing unit and an outer sealing unit spaced apart. The inner sealing unit and the outer sealing unit form an annular gap. The inner wall of the sealing cylinder is provided with a through hole communicating with the annular gap. A nozzle is provided inside the sealing cylinder. It also includes a guiding mechanism, which has a main flow pipe that connects to the nozzle inside the closed cylinder. The main flow pipe has a reduced throat with a narrowed flow channel cross-section. A branch pipe that connects to the through hole is connected to the reduced throat. The effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle is greater than the minimum flow cross-sectional area of ​​the reduced throat. The system is configured to utilize the jet negative pressure generated by the water flow in the main flow pipe at the throat of the nozzle to draw the medium in the annular gap into the main flow pipe through the branch pipe, and then spray it out again from the nozzle with the water flow.

[0007] Preferably, the frame includes a support ring, a connecting ring, and a connecting crank connecting the two; the support ring and the connecting ring are fixedly connected to form an integral structure by the connecting crank, and an air passage is opened in the support ring for connecting the adsorption mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the inner sealing unit and the outer sealing unit have the same structure, both including an elastic sealing arc ring at the bottom and an air-permeable filtering arc ring at the top; The elastic sealing arc ring is made of a waterproof material and is configured to prevent liquid flow; the air-permeable filtering arc ring is a densely arranged flexible brush structure, configured to allow air mist inside the sealed cylinder to pass through and enter the annular gap by utilizing the gap between the brush bristles, and to allow external air to pass through to balance the air pressure, while using the brush bristles to block external solid impurities.

[0009] Preferably, the branch pipe is equipped with a one-way valve, configured to allow the medium to flow from the annular gap to the main flow pipe and to block reverse flow.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the inner wall of the closed cylinder is provided with a flow guide groove, and the bottom of the outer wall of the closed cylinder is provided with an outlet pipe communicating with the flow guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the inside of the closed cylinder is provided with an inlet pipe assembly, the nozzle is connected to the main flow pipe through the inlet pipe assembly, and the inlet pipe assembly is provided with an auxiliary processing mechanism; The inlet tube assembly includes an inlet hole opened at the closed end of the closed cylinder and an inlet tube connected to the inner wall of the closed cylinder, as well as a distribution plate communicating with the inlet tube, and the nozzle is connected and disposed on the distribution plate. The auxiliary processing mechanism includes a rotating shaft, an impeller, and a pneumatic conveying assembly; The impeller is positioned in the water flow path of the inlet pipe and connected to the rotating shaft. The air delivery assembly draws gas from inside the closed cylinder through the rotating shaft and pumps the airflow into the outlet pipe at the bottom of the closed cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the air delivery assembly includes an air duct suspended below the inlet pipe and fan blades located inside the air duct. The fan blades are fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft and are driven to rotate by the rotating shaft to generate axial airflow. The air duct is provided with an intake hole, and the bottom of the air duct is connected to a bottom pipe. The lower end of the bottom pipe is inserted into the outlet pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a suction cup and a connecting tube; the frame is provided with an adjustment mechanism, which includes an adjustment cylinder communicating with the connecting tube, a movable plug slidably disposed in the adjustment cylinder, and an adjustment rod for driving the movable plug to move. The adjustment rod is threaded onto the end of the adjustment cylinder, and the movable plug is driven to move by rotating the adjustment rod, so as to change the air passage volume and establish an adsorption negative pressure. The adjustment cylinder and the connecting tube are both fixed on the support ring, and the suction cup is connected to the adjustment cylinder through the air passage inside the support ring.

[0014] Preferably, the frame is further provided with an elastic support mechanism, and the closed cylinder is floatingly connected to the frame through the elastic support mechanism, configured to use elastic force to press the sealing assembly when the adsorption mechanism is fixed.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic support mechanism includes an auxiliary support sleeve, a positioning rod, and a spring. The auxiliary support sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the support ring and sleeved on the outside of the closed cylinder. The inner wall of the connecting ring is provided with a support plate. One end of the positioning rod is fixed to the closed cylinder and the other end moves through the support plate. A baffle is fixedly connected to the free end of the positioning rod. The spring is fixed between the support plate and the closed cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a reduced throat in the main flow pipe and communicating with the annular gap, allows the mainstream spray water to form a jet negative pressure in the throat. This enables the water mist accumulated in the annular gap of the sealing component to be actively introduced into the main flow channel and mixed with air before being sprayed out again from the nozzle, thus realizing the recovery and recycling of water mist, reducing the impact of water mist diffusion on the working environment, and eliminating the need for additional electric suction equipment.

[0017] 2. This invention sets an impeller in the water flow path of the inlet pipe and links it with the rotating shaft and the air conveying component. It uses the kinetic energy of the high-pressure water flow to drive the fan blades to generate airflow and pump the airflow into the bottom outlet pipe. This creates gas-liquid co-movement and disturbance conditions in the outlet pipe, which can help to continuously discharge waste liquid, reduce the risk of blockage caused by liquid stagnation and deposition, and at the same time help to remove excess gas in the closed cylinder and stabilize the air pressure during the spraying process.

[0018] 3. The sealing component of this invention adopts a differentiated double-layer gas-liquid separation structure of "bottom sealing and top permeability". The lower elastic sealing arc ring forms a barrier against gravity-flowing water, while the upper permeable filter arc ring provides an air-mist exchange interface, allowing water mist to enter the annular gap to participate in negative pressure suction while liquid is not easily drawn in. At the same time, it allows external air to enter to balance the internal and external pressure difference and filters solid impurities entering the air path, thereby taking into account the requirements of water limitation, mist control and anti-clogging, and improving stability under wall-mounted conditions.

[0019] 4. This invention sets a guide groove at the bottom of the closed cylinder and connects it with the outlet pipe, so that the sprayed water is collected and discharged in a directional manner, avoiding the recycled water from flowing out of the wall and causing water to be absorbed in non-detection areas; combined with the compression and sealing of the closed cylinder and the air pressure balance path, the controllability of the spray area boundary and the consistency of detection conditions can be improved, thereby helping to improve the repeatability and stability of on-site detection. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the frame and the elastic support mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the support ring of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 101. Support ring; 102. Connecting ring; 2. Adsorption mechanism; 201. Suction cup; 202. Connecting pipe; 3. Sealing mechanism; 301. Sealing cylinder; 302. Sealing assembly; 3021. Elastic sealing arc ring; 3022. Filter arc ring; 4. Through hole; 5. Conduction mechanism; 501. Main flow pipe; 502. Reduction throat; 503. Branch pipe; 6. Nozzle; 7. Adjustment mechanism; 701. Adjustment cylinder; 702. Movable plug 703, Adjusting rod; 704; 8, One-way valve; 9, Inlet pipe assembly; 901, Liquid inlet hole; 902, Inlet pipe; 903, Distribution plate; 10, Rotating shaft; 11, Impeller; 12, Air conveying assembly; 1201, Air duct; 1202, Fan blade; 1203, Bottom pipe; 1204, Suction hole; 13, Guide groove; 14, Outlet pipe; 15, Elastic support mechanism; 1501, Auxiliary support sleeve; 1502, Positioning rod; 1503, Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a spraying device for testing waterproofing of building exterior walls includes a frame 1, an adsorption mechanism 2 mounted on the frame 1, and a sealing mechanism 3 mounted on the frame 1. The frame 1 includes a support ring 101 and a connecting ring 102. The support ring 101 and the connecting ring 102 are connected to form an integral frame by connecting rods and other connecting components. The sealing cylinder 301 of the sealing mechanism 3 is located in the inner area of ​​the support ring 101. An air passage is provided inside the support ring 101. The air passage is used to connect the adsorption mechanism 2 and the connecting pipe 202, so that the adsorption mechanism 2 is integrated at the support ring 101 of the frame 1.

[0024] The adsorption mechanism 2 includes a suction cup 201 and a connecting pipe 202 communicating with the suction cup 201. The connecting pipe 202 is fixed on the support ring 101 and communicates with the air passage. The frame 1 is also equipped with an adjustment mechanism 7, which includes a conduit communicating with the air passage, an adjustment cylinder 701 communicating with the conduit, a movable plug 702 slidably fitted inside the adjustment cylinder 701, and an adjustment rod 703 driving the movable plug 702 to move. The adjustment rod 703 is threaded onto the end of the adjustment cylinder 701. When the adjustment rod 703 rotates, it spirals forward and backward axially, pushing the movable plug 702 to move within the adjustment cylinder 701, thereby changing the gas volume in the space communicating between the air passage and the suction cup 201, creating a negative pressure adsorption within the suction cup 201. To ensure reliable sealing, a sealing ring can be provided on the outer circumference of the movable plug 702, and the connection between the adjustment cylinder 701 and the conduit can be threaded and equipped with a sealing gasket.

[0025] The sealing mechanism 3 includes a sealing cylinder 301 and a sealing assembly 302 connected to the open end of the sealing cylinder 301. The sealing assembly 302 includes an inner sealing unit and an outer sealing unit spaced apart, forming an annular gap between them. The wall of the sealing cylinder 301 is provided with a through hole 4 communicating with the annular gap, so that the annular gap communicates with the conductive pipe on the outside of the sealing cylinder 301. The inner sealing unit and the outer sealing unit have the same structure, both including an elastic sealing arc ring 3021 located at the bottom and an air-permeable filtering arc ring 3022 located at the top. The elastic sealing arc ring 3021 is made of a waterproof elastic material and is set against the wall to prevent the spray liquid from flowing down the wall and crossing the boundary. The breathable filter arc ring 3022 uses a dense bristle structure made of industrial nylon or PP material. Unlike traditional sponges or breathable fabrics, the bristle structure has hydrophobic and non-hygroscopic properties. Even in an environment where a large amount of water mist is generated by the spray, water droplets will slide off the surface of the bristles without clogging the tiny air gaps between the bristles, thus ensuring stable air permeability and preventing pressure buildup inside the closed cylinder 301. At the same time, the bristles have good conforming ability and can penetrate into the uneven texture of the exterior wall (such as real stone paint). While allowing air to flow, they effectively intercept external sand and dust from being sucked into the annular gap, acting as an air filter. The breathable filter arc ring 3022 is located above the elastic sealing arc ring 3021 to form a gas exchange channel within the area covered by the closed cylinder 301 and filter the incoming air. The elastic sealing arc ring 3021 and the breathable filter arc ring 3022 can be spliced ​​together from several arc segments to form a complete circle, and fixed to the open end of the closed cylinder 301 by pressure ring, slot or screw plate for easy disassembly and maintenance.

[0026] The sealed cylinder 301 is equipped with a nozzle 6 inside, and an inlet pipe assembly 9 is provided at the closed end of the sealed cylinder 301. The nozzle 6 is connected to the guiding mechanism 5 through the inlet pipe assembly 9. The inlet pipe assembly 9 includes an inlet hole 901 opened at the closed end of the sealed cylinder 301, an inlet pipe 902 connected to the inner wall of the sealed cylinder 301, and a distribution plate 903 communicating with the inlet pipe 902. The nozzle 6 is arranged on the distribution plate 903 and communicates with the distribution plate 903, so that the high-pressure water entering the inlet hole 901 flows through the inlet pipe 902 into the distribution plate 903 and is sprayed by the nozzle 6 onto the wall to be tested. The nozzle 6 can be configured as multiple parallel nozzles, and the multiple nozzles are arranged circumferentially or in an array on the distribution plate 903 to form a spray area covering the opening range of the sealed cylinder 301.

[0027] In this embodiment, the narrowing throat 502 actually constitutes the first-stage jet nozzle of the device. Its small orifice is used to convert high-pressure water into a high-speed jet to establish a negative pressure zone. The nozzle 6 at the end is actually a second-stage diffuser nozzle (the nozzle 6 is a large-diameter spray head). Its outlet orifice is significantly larger than that of the narrowing throat 502, ensuring that the area after the fluid passes through the narrowing throat 502 is always in a negative pressure state below atmospheric pressure, ensuring that the water mist in the double-layer sealing gap can be smoothly drawn in and sprayed out with the water flow.

[0028] The guiding mechanism 5 includes a main flow pipe 501 and a branch pipe 503 communicating with the main flow pipe 501. The main flow pipe 501 has a narrowing throat 502 inside. The branch pipe 503 is fixed to the outside of the main flow pipe 501 and communicates with the narrowing throat 502. The other end of the branch pipe 503 communicates with a through hole 4, thereby enabling the branch pipe 503 to communicate with the annular gap. A one-way valve 8 is provided inside the branch pipe 503. The one-way valve 8 allows the medium to flow along the annular gap towards the narrowing throat 502 and blocks reverse flow. Therefore, when the high-pressure water flow in the main flow pipe 501 passes through the narrowing throat 502 to form a jet zone, the branch pipe 503 generates a suction effect at the narrowing throat 502, causing the gas and water mist in the annular gap to enter the main flow pipe 501 through the branch pipe 503, and then enter the inlet pipe assembly 9 with the mainstream before being sprayed out again from the nozzle 6, realizing the backflow mixing and repeated spraying of water mist in the closed cylinder 301; the one-way valve 8 is used to prevent the liquid in the main flow pipe 501 from flowing back into the annular gap when the pump stops or the pressure fluctuates.

[0029] To facilitate the discharge of spray waste liquid, a guide channel 13 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the closed cylinder 301, and a discharge pipe 14 communicating with the guide channel 13 is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the closed cylinder 301. The water collected inside the closed cylinder 301 flows along the guide channel 13 into the discharge pipe 14 and is discharged to an external collection container or drainage pipe. A quick connector can be provided at the outlet end of the discharge pipe 14 for connecting an external hose.

[0030] An auxiliary processing mechanism is provided on the inlet pipe assembly 9, which includes a rotating shaft 10, an impeller 11, and a pneumatic conveying assembly 12. The rotating shaft 10 is rotatably positioned below the inlet pipe 902 and connected to the impeller 11. A dynamic seal is provided at the portion of the rotating shaft 10 passing through the bottom of the inlet pipe 902. This dynamic seal can be a miniature mechanical seal or a waterproof skeleton oil seal, configured to seal the water flow within the inlet pipe 902 while allowing the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, preventing high-pressure water from overflowing along the rotating shaft 10 and entering the pneumatic conveying assembly 12. At least a portion of the impeller 11 extends into the water flow path of the inlet pipe 902. When the water flows through the inlet pipe 902, it pushes the impeller 11 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate. The rotating shaft 10 is rotatably supported on the top structure of the air duct 1201 by at least one set of corrosion-resistant bearings to limit the radial runout of the rotating shaft 10 and ensure the rotational stability of the impeller 11 under the impact of high-pressure water flow. The air conveying assembly 12 includes the air duct 1201 suspended below the inlet pipe 902, the fan blade 1202 disposed inside the air duct 1201 and fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 10, the suction hole 1204 on the air duct 1201, and the bottom pipe 1203 connected to the bottom of the air duct 1201. The lower end of the bottom pipe 1203 is inserted into the outlet pipe 14. When the rotating shaft 10 drives the fan blades 1202 to rotate, the air duct 1201 draws in air and water mist from inside the closed cylinder 301 through the suction hole 1204, and delivers the gas to the outlet pipe 14 through the bottom pipe 1203, so that the gas and liquid flow in the same direction are formed in the outlet pipe 14, thereby assisting the outlet pipe 14 to drain the liquid and reducing the risk of blockage caused by local stagnation. At the same time, the gas inside the closed cylinder 301 is discharged in time during the spraying process.

[0031] To ensure that the sealed cylinder 301 fits snugly against the wall and adapts to wall undulations, an elastic support mechanism 15 is also provided inside the frame 1. The sealed cylinder 301 is floatingly connected to the frame 1 through the elastic support mechanism 15. The elastic support mechanism 15 includes an auxiliary support sleeve 1501, a support plate, a positioning rod 1502, and a spring 1503. The auxiliary support sleeve 1501 is fixed to the inner wall of the support ring 101 and sleeved on the outside of the sealed cylinder 301 to form a guide limit. The support plate is fixed to the inner side of the connecting ring 102. One end of the positioning rod 1502 is fixed to the sealed cylinder 301, and the other end moves through the support plate. The free end of the positioning rod 1502 is fixedly connected to a baffle. The spring 1503 is disposed between the support plate and the sealed cylinder 301 and is configured to always push the sealed cylinder 301 outward so that its sealing component 302 fits tightly against the wall.

[0032] Work process In use, the operator brings the frame 1 close to the wall to be tested, aligning the open end of the sealing cylinder 301 with the testing area and placing it against the wall. The elastic sealing arc ring 3021, located at the bottom, forms a liquid barrier against the wall, while the breathable filtering arc ring 3022, located at the top, forms a gas exchange zone. The annular gap between the inner and outer sealing units is connected to the branch pipe 503 through the through hole 4. Then, the adjusting rod 703 is rotated, causing the movable plug 702 to move within the adjusting cylinder 701, drawing out the gas from the space connecting the air passage and the suction cup 201. The suction cup 201 creates negative pressure on the wall, securing the device. Under the action of the spring 1503, the sealing cylinder 301 continues to maintain its compression, ensuring the sealing assembly 302 is stably attached to the wall.

[0033] An external pumping mechanism supplies high-pressure water to the main flow pipe 501. The high-pressure water flows within the main flow pipe 501 and enters the constriction throat 502 to form a jet zone. The constriction throat 502 is connected to the annular gap via a branch pipe 503. Under the pressure difference in the jet zone, the gas and water mist in the annular gap enter the main flow pipe 501 through the branch pipe 503 and, under the restriction of the conduction direction of the one-way valve 8, enter the main flow in a predetermined direction. The main flow then enters the inlet pipe 902 through the inlet hole 901 and enters the distribution plate 903. From the distribution plate 903, it is distributed to the nozzles 6 and sprayed out, forming a restricted spray on the wall surface within the coverage area of ​​the closed cylinder 301.

[0034] During the spraying process, the falling liquid collects in the closed cylinder 301 and flows along the guide channel 13 into the outlet pipe 14 for discharge. Simultaneously, the high-pressure water flow, passing through the inlet pipe 902, drives the impeller 11 to rotate. The rotating shaft 10 drives the fan blades 1202 to rotate within the air duct 1201. The air duct 1201 draws in air and water mist from inside the closed cylinder 301 through the suction port 1204, and the gas is transported to the outlet pipe 14 through the bottom pipe 1203, creating conditions for gas and liquid to move in the same direction within the outlet pipe 14 and causing the gas inside the closed cylinder 301 to be carried out with the discharge flow. After the water supply stops, the remaining liquid in the closed cylinder 301 continues to be discharged through the guide channel 13. Then, the adjusting rod 703 is rotated in the opposite direction to restore the pressure inside the suction cup 201, releasing the adsorption and allowing the device to be removed. If necessary, the air-permeable filter arc ring 3022 and the inlet of the branch pipe 503 should be cleaned or the filter media replaced.

Claims

1. A spraying device for testing the waterproofing of building exterior walls, characterized in that: The machine frame (1), the adsorption mechanism (2) fixed on the machine frame (1), and the sealing mechanism (3) arranged on the machine frame (1) are comprised; The sealing mechanism (3) comprises a sealing cylinder (301) and a sealing assembly (302) arranged at the opening end of the sealing cylinder (301), the sealing assembly (302) comprises an inner layer sealing unit and an outer layer sealing unit arranged at intervals, and an annular gap is formed between the inner layer sealing unit and the outer layer sealing unit, a through hole (4) communicating with the annular gap is arranged in the wall of the sealing cylinder (301), and a nozzle (6) is arranged in the sealing cylinder (301); Further comprising a conduction mechanism (5), the conduction mechanism (5) has a main flow guide pipe (501) communicating with the nozzle (6) in the sealing cylinder (301), a reduced throat (502) with a reduced flow channel cross section is arranged in the main flow guide pipe (501), a branch pipe (503) communicating with the through hole (4) is connected to the reduced throat (502), and the effective flow passage cross section of the nozzle (6) is greater than the minimum flow passage cross section of the reduced throat (502); The jet negative pressure generated by the water flow in the main flow guide pipe (501) at the reduced throat (502) is configured to suck the medium in the annular gap into the main flow guide pipe (501) through the branch pipe (503) and spray the medium out of the nozzle (6) again with the water flow.

2. The spraying device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine frame (1) comprises a support ring (101), a connecting ring (102) and a connecting curved rod connecting the support ring (101) and the connecting ring (102); the support ring (101) and the connecting ring (102) are fixedly connected by the connecting curved rod to form an integrated frame, an air channel is formed in the support ring (101), and the air channel is used for communicating with the adsorption mechanism (2).

3. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner layer sealing unit and the outer layer sealing unit have the same structure and each comprise an elastic sealing arc ring (3021) arranged at the lower part and a breathable filtering arc ring (3022) arranged at the upper part; The elastic sealing arc ring (3021) is made of a water-impermeable material and is configured to prevent liquid from flowing; the breathable filtering arc ring (3022) is a flexible brush structure with densely arranged bristles and is configured to allow the gas mist in the sealing cylinder (301) to pass through the gaps between the bristles and enter the annular gap, allow external air to pass through to balance the air pressure, and block external solid impurities by the bristles.

4. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve (8) is arranged in the branch pipe (503) and is configured to allow the medium to flow from the annular gap to the main flow guide pipe (501) and cut off the reverse flow.

5. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide groove (13) is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (301), and a guide-out pipe (14) communicating with the flow guide groove (13) is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the sealing cylinder (301).

6. The spraying device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 5, characterized in that: An import pipe assembly (9) is arranged in the sealing cylinder (301), the nozzle (6) is connected to the main flow guide pipe (501) through the import pipe assembly (9), and an auxiliary treatment mechanism is arranged on the import pipe assembly (9); The import pipe assembly (9) comprises a liquid inlet hole (901) formed in the closed end of the sealing cylinder (301), an import pipe (902) connected to the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (301), and a distribution disc (903) communicating with the import pipe (902), and the nozzle (6) is arranged on the distribution disc (903). The auxiliary processing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (10), an impeller (11) and an air sending assembly (12); The impeller (11) is arranged in the water flow path of the inlet pipe (902) and is connected to the rotating shaft (10), and the air sending assembly (12) sucks air from the inside of the closed cylinder (301) through the rotating shaft (10) and pumps the air flow into the outlet pipe (14) at the bottom of the closed cylinder (301).

7. The spraying device for detecting water leakage of an external wall of a building according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air sending assembly (12) comprises a wind pipe (1201) suspended below the inlet pipe (902) and a fan blade (1202) arranged in the wind pipe (1201), the fan blade (1202) is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10) and is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft (10) to generate axial flow, the wind pipe (1201) is provided with an air inlet hole (1204), and the bottom of the wind pipe (1201) is provided with a bottom pipe (1203) in communication, and the lower end of the bottom pipe (1203) is inserted into the outlet pipe (14).

8. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (2) comprises a suction cup (201) and a connecting pipe (202); the rack (1) is provided with an adjusting mechanism (7), the adjusting mechanism (7) comprises an adjusting cylinder (701) in communication with the connecting pipe (202), a movable plug (702) slidingly arranged in the adjusting cylinder (701) and an adjusting rod (703) driving the movable plug (702) to move, the adjusting rod (703) is threadedly connected to the end of the adjusting cylinder (701), the movable plug (702) is driven to move by rotating the adjusting rod (703), so as to change the volume of the air path and establish adsorption negative pressure, and the adjusting cylinder (701) and the connecting pipe (202) are fixed on the supporting ring (101), and the suction cup (201) is in communication with the adjusting cylinder (701) through the air passage in the supporting ring (101).

9. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (1) is further provided with an elastic supporting mechanism (15), the closed cylinder (301) is floatingly connected to the rack (1) through the elastic supporting mechanism (15) and is configured to be pressed tightly against the sealing assembly (302) by the elastic force when the adsorption mechanism (2) is fixed.

10. The shower device for detecting waterproofing of an external wall of a building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic supporting mechanism (15) comprises an auxiliary supporting sleeve (1501), a positioning rod (1502) and a spring (1503), the auxiliary supporting sleeve (1501) is fixed to the inner wall of the supporting ring (101) and is sleeved outside the closed cylinder (301), the inner wall of the connecting ring (102) is provided with a supporting plate, one end of the positioning rod (1502) is fixed to the closed cylinder (301) and the other end is movably arranged through the supporting plate, the free end of the positioning rod (1502) is fixedly connected with a baffle, and the spring (1503) is fixed between the supporting plate and the closed cylinder (301).

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