Splashing particle screening device and method based on laser powder bed melting technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a splashing particle screening device and method based on a laser powder bed melting technology, and the device comprises a machine body, a powder supply groove, a printing groove, a waste powder recovery groove, a powder scraping plate, a powder scraping plate translation driving mechanism, a metal particle screening bucket mechanism, a mechanical arm mechanism and a posture adjusting driving mechanism, and a piezoelectric ceramic vibrating reed is arranged on the mechanical arm mechanism. The visual identification technology is used for identifying and positioning metal particles on the surface layer of metal powder in the powder supply groove, the mechanical arm with the vibration function and the bucket with the screening function are used for achieving automatic screening of the metal particles, and the metal particles in the powder supply groove are prevented from moving into a printing table along with the metal powder; the mixing of metal particles in a newly-laid powder layer above a printing table is blocked from the source, the probability of printing defects such as incomplete fusion, air holes and inclusion of the metal parts is further reduced, the final forming quality and precision of the metal parts are improved, and the material performance of the metal parts is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser powder bed melting technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for removing splashed particles based on laser powder bed melting technology. Background Technology

[0002] Laser powder bed melting technology, as one of the core technologies of metal additive manufacturing, selectively melts pre-laid thin layers of powder with a high-energy laser beam, and builds them up layer by layer to directly manufacture metal parts with complex geometries and high density.

[0003] However, although laser powder bed fusion technology can directly manufacture metal parts with complex geometries and high density, traditional laser powder bed fusion molding equipment generally does not consider the negative impact of splatter particles on the printing quality of metal parts. During the printing process, splatter of molten metal is inevitable. This splattered molten metal cools rapidly during the splattering process, forming metal particles. These metal particles have a certain probability of splattering into adjacent powder supply tanks. During the next powder layer, these metal particles from the powder supply tanks move into the printing stage along with the metal powder, thus mixing with the newly laid powder layer above the printing stage. If the subsequent path of the laser print head happens to pass through these mixed metal particles, the metal particles will weaken the laser energy, affecting the formation quality of the molten pool. This can lead to printing defects such as incomplete fusion, porosity, and inclusions in the metal parts where the metal particles are located, thereby affecting the final forming quality and precision of the metal parts and reducing their material properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a splatter particle removal device and method based on laser powder bed melting technology. It utilizes visual recognition technology to identify and locate metal particles on the surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank. A vibrating robotic arm and a sieving bucket are used to automatically remove the metal particles, preventing them from moving into the printing table along with the powder. This prevents the mixing of metal particles in the newly laid powder layer above the printing table from the source, further reducing the probability of printing defects such as incomplete fusion, porosity, and inclusions in metal parts. This improves the final forming quality and precision of the metal parts and effectively guarantees their material properties.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology, comprising a body, a powder supply tank, a printing tank, a waste powder recovery tank, a powder scraper, a powder scraper translation drive mechanism, a metal particle screening bucket mechanism, a robotic arm mechanism, and an attitude adjustment drive mechanism; a powder supply port, a printing port, and a waste powder recovery port are arranged in parallel on the bottom plate of the body; the powder supply tank is located directly below the powder supply port, and a lifting powder support plate mechanism is provided inside the powder supply tank; the printing tank is located directly below the printing port, and a lifting printing table mechanism is provided inside the printing tank, with the laser print head located directly above the printing port; the waste powder recovery tank is located directly below the waste powder recovery port; the attitude adjustment drive mechanism is located on the upper part of the body; the robotic arm mechanism is located on the attitude adjustment drive mechanism; the metal particle screening bucket mechanism is located at the end of the robotic arm mechanism; the powder scraper translation drive mechanism is located on the upper part of the body and above the attitude adjustment drive mechanism; the powder scraper is located on the powder scraper translation drive mechanism.

[0006] The powder scraper translation drive mechanism includes a powder scraper translation motor, a powder scraper translation screw, a powder scraper translation screw seat, and a powder scraper translation guide rod. The powder scraper translation motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the powder scraper translation motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the powder scraper translation screw, and the other end of the powder scraper translation screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The powder scraper translation guide rod is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation screw, and both ends of the powder scraper translation guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The powder scraper translation screw seat is connected between the powder scraper translation screw and the powder scraper translation guide rod. The powder scraper is fixedly connected to the powder scraper translation screw seat. The powder scraper translation guide rod passes through the powder scraper.

[0007] The attitude adjustment drive mechanism includes a first lateral attitude adjustment component, a second lateral attitude adjustment component, a longitudinal attitude adjustment component, and a rotary attitude adjustment component; the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component are arranged side by side on the body; the longitudinal attitude adjustment component is arranged between the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component; and the rotary attitude adjustment component is arranged on the longitudinal attitude adjustment component.

[0008] The first lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a first lateral attitude adjustment motor, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a first lateral guide rod. The first lateral attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the first lateral attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation lead screw. The first lateral guide rod is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and both ends of the first lateral guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw and the first lateral guide rod.

[0009] The second lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a second lateral attitude adjustment motor, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a second lateral guide rod. The second lateral attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the second lateral attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw. The second lateral guide rod is distributed parallel to the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and both ends of the second lateral guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw and the second lateral guide rod.

[0010] The longitudinal attitude adjustment assembly includes a longitudinal attitude adjustment motor, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a longitudinal guide rod. The longitudinal attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed on the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat via a motor support. The motor shaft of the longitudinal attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat via a bearing seat. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw is perpendicular to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw. The longitudinal guide rod is parallel to the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw. One end of the longitudinal guide rod is fixedly connected to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and the other end of the longitudinal guide rod is fixedly connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw and the longitudinal guide rod.

[0011] The rotary attitude adjustment assembly includes a suspension support rod and an electric rotary table; the suspension support rod is vertically arranged, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal attitude adjustment cable seat; the electric rotary table is installed at the lower end of the suspension support rod; the robotic arm mechanism is installed on the electric rotary table; a visual recognition camera is installed at the bottom of the electric rotary table to identify and locate metal particles splashed into the powder supply tank.

[0012] The robotic arm mechanism includes an electric rotary base, a boom, a forearm, a boom swing drive joint motor, a forearm swing drive joint motor, and a bucket swing drive joint motor. The electric rotary base is mounted on an electric rotary table. One end of the boom is hinged to the electric rotary base, the other end of the boom is hinged to one end of the forearm, and the other end of the forearm is hinged to the metal particle screening bucket mechanism. The boom swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the boom and the electric rotary base. The forearm swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the forearm and the boom. The bucket swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the metal particle screening bucket mechanism and the forearm. A piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the forearm.

[0013] The metal particle screening bucket mechanism includes a bucket, a hinge seat, a fixed screen plate, a movable screen plate, an electric push rod, and a return spring. The hinge seat is fixedly installed at the upper rear end of the bucket and is hinged to the forearm. The bottom of the bucket is an open structure, and the fixed screen plate is fixedly installed at the open part of the bottom of the bucket. The movable screen plate is located below the fixed screen plate and is in contact with it. One end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bucket, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable screen plate. The return spring is located on the opposite side of the electric push rod, with one end fixedly connected to the movable screen plate and the other end fixedly connected to the bucket.

[0014] A method for removing spatter particles based on laser powder bed melting technology, employing the aforementioned spatter particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology, includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the powder supply port with metal powder until the powder supply trough above the lifting powder support plate mechanism is filled with metal powder, and at the same time make the upper surface of the metal powder flush with the upper edge of the powder supply port. Step 2: Activate the lifting powder tray mechanism to move the powder tray upwards a set distance, pushing the metal powder out of the powder supply port; Step 3: Start the scraper plate translation motor, drive the scraper plate translation screw to rotate, so that the scraper plate translation screw seat and scraper plate will move in translation. The scraper plate scrapes the metal powder that is pushed out of the powder supply port into the printing port, and completes the powder spreading of metal powder on the upper surface of the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism. Excess metal powder is scraped into the waste powder collection port, and the waste powder is collected by the waste powder collection tank. Then the scraper plate returns to the initial position. Step 4: Start the laser print head and perform laser printing on the metal powder already spread on the upper surface of the print table according to the set program; Step 5: Simultaneously start the first and second lateral attitude adjustment motors, drive the first and second lateral attitude adjustment screws to rotate synchronously, and make the first and second lateral attitude adjustment screw seats move laterally synchronously, thereby driving the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism to move as a whole to above the powder supply port. Step Six: The first horizontal attitude adjustment component, the second horizontal attitude adjustment component, and the vertical attitude adjustment component work together to take pictures of the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank using the visual recognition camera at the bottom of the electric rotary table, and identify and locate whether there are splashed metal particles on the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank. Step 7: If there are splashed metal particles on the surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank, first move the electric rotary table to the top of the printing port, then start the electric rotary table and move the robotic arm mechanism to the side of the powder supply port. Then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base, the swing drive joint motor of the upper arm, the swing drive joint motor of the lower arm, and the swing drive joint motor of the bucket, the metal particles are shoveled into the bucket. Step 8: Start the electric push rod to push the screen plate, while the return spring is compressed until the mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate are aligned. Step 9: Activate the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate. The vibration force will be transmitted to the bucket through the forearm. Under the action of the vibration force, the metal powder in the bucket will fall back into the powder feeding trough through the mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate. The metal particles will be left in the bucket. Then the electric push rod will reset, and the moving screen plate will reset under the push of the reset spring. The mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate will return to the state of being staggered. Step 10: Start the electric rotary table, move the robotic arm mechanism to the waste powder recycling port side, and then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base, the boom swing drive joint motor, the forearm swing drive joint motor and the bucket swing drive joint motor, pour the metal particles in the bucket into the waste powder recycling port. Then, the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism return to the initial position as a whole. Step 11: Start the powder scraper translation drive mechanism to smooth the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank using the powder scraper, and then the powder scraper returns to its original position; Step 12: Repeat steps 2 to 11, and after each layer of printing is completed, the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism will descend by one layer distance until the part is printed.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present invention relates to a splatter particle removal device and method based on laser powder bed melting technology. This device utilizes visual recognition technology to identify and locate metal particles on the surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank. It then uses a vibrating robotic arm and a sieving bucket to automatically remove the metal particles, preventing them from moving into the printing table along with the powder. This prevents the mixing of metal particles in the newly laid powder layer above the printing table from the source, further reducing the probability of printing defects such as incomplete fusion, porosity, and inclusions in metal parts. This improves the final forming quality and precision of the metal parts and effectively guarantees their material properties. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the powder scraper and the powder scraper translation drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the posture adjustment drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the robotic arm mechanism and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the metal particle screening bucket mechanism of the present invention; In the diagram, 1—body, 2—powder supply tank, 3—printing tank, 4—waste powder recovery tank, 5—powder scraper, 6—powder scraper translation drive mechanism, 7—metal particle screening bucket mechanism, 8—robotic arm mechanism, 9—attitude adjustment drive mechanism, 10—powder supply port, 11—printing port, 12—waste powder recovery port, 13—powder scraper translation motor, 14—powder scraper translation screw, 15—powder scraper translation screw seat, 16—powder scraper translation guide rod, 17—first horizontal attitude adjustment motor, 18—first horizontal attitude adjustment screw, 19—first horizontal attitude adjustment screw seat, 20—first horizontal guide rod, 21—second horizontal attitude adjustment motor, 22—second 23—Second lateral attitude adjustment screw, 24—Second lateral attitude adjustment screw seat, 25—Longitudinal attitude adjustment motor, 26—Longitudinal attitude adjustment screw, 27—Longitudinal attitude adjustment screw seat, 28—Longitudinal guide rod, 29—Suspension support rod, 30—Electric rotary table, 31—Electric rotary base, 32—Boom, 33—Arm, 34—Boom swing drive joint motor, 35—Arm swing drive joint motor, 36—Bucket swing drive joint motor, 37—Piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate, 38—Bucket, 39—Hinge seat, 40—Fixed screen plate, 41—Moving screen plate, 42—Electric push rod, 43—Reset spring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] like Figures 1-5As shown, a splatter particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology includes a body 1, a powder supply tank 2, a printing tank 3, a waste powder recovery tank 4, a powder scraper 5, a powder scraper translation drive mechanism 6, a metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7, a robotic arm mechanism 8, and an attitude adjustment drive mechanism 9. A powder supply port 10, a printing port 11, and a waste powder recovery port 12 are arranged in parallel on the base plate of the body 1. The powder supply tank 2 is located directly below the powder supply port 10, and a lifting powder support plate mechanism is installed inside the powder supply tank 2. The printing tank 3 is located below the printing port 10. Below the machine body 1, a lifting printing platform mechanism is provided in the printing slot 3, with the laser print head located directly above the printing port 11; the waste powder recycling tank 4 is located directly below the waste powder recycling port 12; the attitude adjustment drive mechanism 9 is located on the upper part of the machine body 1; the robotic arm mechanism 8 is located on the attitude adjustment drive mechanism 9; the metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7 is located at the end of the robotic arm mechanism 8; the powder scraper translation drive mechanism 6 is located on the upper part of the machine body 1 and above the attitude adjustment drive mechanism 9; the powder scraper 5 is located on the powder scraper translation drive mechanism 6.

[0019] The powder scraper translation drive mechanism 6 includes a powder scraper translation motor 13, a powder scraper translation screw 14, a powder scraper translation screw seat 15, and a powder scraper translation guide rod 16. The powder scraper translation motor 13 is horizontally fixed to the machine body 1 via a motor support. The motor shaft of the powder scraper translation motor 13 is coaxially fixed to one end of the powder scraper translation screw 14, and the other end of the powder scraper translation screw 14 is rotatably connected to the machine body 1 via a bearing seat. The powder scraper translation guide rod 16 is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation screw 14, and both ends of the powder scraper translation guide rod 16 are fixedly connected to the machine body 1. The powder scraper translation screw seat 15 is connected between the powder scraper translation screw 14 and the powder scraper translation guide rod 16. The powder scraper 5 is fixedly connected to the powder scraper translation screw seat 15. The powder scraper translation guide rod 16 passes through the powder scraper 5.

[0020] The attitude adjustment drive mechanism 9 includes a first lateral attitude adjustment component, a second lateral attitude adjustment component, a longitudinal attitude adjustment component, and a rotary attitude adjustment component; the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component are arranged side by side on the body 1; the longitudinal attitude adjustment component is arranged between the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component; and the rotary attitude adjustment component is arranged on the longitudinal attitude adjustment component.

[0021] The first lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a first lateral attitude adjustment motor 17, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat 19, and a first lateral guide rod 20. The first lateral attitude adjustment motor 17 is horizontally fixed to the machine body 1 via a motor support. The motor shaft of the first lateral attitude adjustment motor 17 is coaxially fixed to one end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18, and the other end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18 is rotatably connected to the machine body 1 via a bearing seat. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18 is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation lead screw 14. The first lateral guide rod 20 is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18, and both ends of the first lateral guide rod 20 are fixedly connected to the machine body 1. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat 19 is connected between the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18 and the first lateral guide rod 20.

[0022] The second lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a second lateral attitude adjustment motor 21, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat 23, and a second lateral guide rod 24. The second lateral attitude adjustment motor 21 is horizontally fixed to the machine body 1 via a motor support. The motor shaft of the second lateral attitude adjustment motor 21 is coaxially fixed to one end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22, and the other end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22 is rotatably connected to the machine body 1 via a bearing seat. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22 is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 18. The second lateral guide rod 24 is distributed parallel to the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22, and both ends of the second lateral guide rod 24 are fixedly connected to the machine body 1. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat 23 is connected between the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw 22 and the second lateral guide rod 24.

[0023] The longitudinal attitude adjustment assembly includes a longitudinal attitude adjustment motor 25, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat 27, and a longitudinal guide rod 28. The longitudinal attitude adjustment motor 25 is horizontally fixed on the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat 19 via a motor support. The motor shaft of the longitudinal attitude adjustment motor 25 is coaxially fixed to one end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26, and the other end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26 is rotatably connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat 23 via a bearing seat. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26 is perpendicular to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw 18. The longitudinal guide rod 28 is parallel to the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26. One end of the longitudinal guide rod 28 is fixedly connected to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat 19, and the other end of the longitudinal guide rod 28 is fixedly connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat 23. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat 27 is connected between the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw 26 and the longitudinal guide rod 28.

[0024] The rotary attitude adjustment assembly includes a suspension support rod 29 and an electric rotary table 30; the suspension support rod 29 is vertically arranged, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal attitude adjustment cable seat 27; the electric rotary table 30 is installed at the lower end of the suspension support rod 29; the robotic arm mechanism 8 is installed on the electric rotary table 30; a visual recognition camera is installed at the bottom of the electric rotary table 30 to identify and locate metal particles splashed into the powder supply tank 2.

[0025] The robotic arm mechanism 8 includes an electric rotary base 31, a boom 32, a forearm 33, a boom swing drive joint motor 34, a forearm swing drive joint motor 35, and a bucket swing drive joint motor 36. The electric rotary base 31 is mounted on an electric rotary table 30. One end of the boom 32 is hinged to the electric rotary base 31, and the other end of the boom 32 is hinged to one end of the forearm 33. The other end of the forearm 33 is hinged to the metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7. The boom swing drive joint motor 34 is located at the hinge between the boom 32 and the electric rotary base 31. The forearm swing drive joint motor 35 is located at the hinge between the forearm 33 and the boom 32. The bucket swing drive joint motor 36 is located at the hinge between the metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7 and the forearm 33. A piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate 37 is fixedly installed on the surface of the forearm 33.

[0026] The metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7 includes a bucket 38, a hinge seat 39, a fixed screen plate 40, a movable screen plate 41, an electric push rod 42, and a return spring 43. The hinge seat 39 is fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the bucket 38 and is hinged to the forearm 33. The bottom of the bucket 38 is an open structure, and the fixed screen plate 40 is fixedly installed at the open part of the bottom of the bucket 38. The movable screen plate 41 is located below the fixed screen plate 40 and is in contact with the fixed screen plate 40. One end of the electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the bucket 38, and the other end of the electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the movable screen plate 41. The return spring 43 is located on the opposite side of the electric push rod 42, one end of the return spring 43 is fixedly connected to the movable screen plate 41, and the other end of the return spring 43 is fixedly connected to the bucket 38.

[0027] A method for removing spatter particles based on laser powder bed melting technology, employing the aforementioned spatter particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology, includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the powder supply port 10 with metal powder until the powder supply trough 2 above the lifting powder support plate mechanism is filled with metal powder, and at the same time make the upper surface of the metal powder flush with the upper edge of the powder supply port 10. Step 2: Activate the lifting powder tray mechanism to move the powder tray upwards a set distance, pushing the metal powder out of the powder supply port 10; Step 3: Start the scraper plate translation motor 13, drive the scraper plate translation screw 14 to rotate, so that the scraper plate translation screw seat 15 and scraper plate 5 perform translational movement. The scraper plate 5 scrapes the metal powder ejected from the powder supply port 10 into the printing port 11, completing the powder spreading of metal powder on the upper surface of the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism, and scrapes the excess metal powder into the waste powder collection port 12. The waste powder is collected uniformly by the waste powder collection tank 4, and then the scraper plate 5 returns to the initial position. Step 4: Start the laser print head and perform laser printing on the metal powder already spread on the upper surface of the print table according to the set program; Step 5: Simultaneously start the first horizontal attitude adjustment motor 17 and the second horizontal attitude adjustment motor 21, drive the first horizontal attitude adjustment lead screw 18 and the second horizontal attitude adjustment lead screw 22 to rotate synchronously, so that the first horizontal attitude adjustment lead screw seat 19 and the second horizontal attitude adjustment lead screw seat 23 move horizontally synchronously, thereby driving the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism 8 and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7 to move as a whole above the powder supply port 10. Step 6: The first horizontal attitude adjustment component, the second horizontal attitude adjustment component, and the vertical attitude adjustment component are linked together. The visual recognition camera at the bottom of the electric rotary table 30 is used to take pictures of the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank 2, and to identify and locate whether there are splashed metal particles on the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank 2. Step 7: If there are splashed metal particles on the surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank 2, first move the electric rotary table 30 to above the printing port 11, then start the electric rotary table 30 and move the robotic arm mechanism 8 to the side of the powder supply port 10. Then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base 31, the upper arm swing drive joint motor 34, the lower arm swing drive joint motor 35 and the bucket swing drive joint motor 36, the metal particles are shoveled into the bucket 38. Step 8: Start the electric push rod 42 to push the screen plate 41, while the return spring 43 is compressed until the moving screen plate 41 and the fixed screen plate 40 are aligned. Step 9: Start the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate 37. The vibration force will be transmitted to the bucket 38 through the arm 33. Under the action of the vibration force, the metal powder in the bucket 38 will fall back into the powder supply tank 2 through the mesh of the moving screen plate 41 and the fixed screen plate 40. The metal particles will be left in the bucket 38. Then the electric push rod 42 will reset, and the moving screen plate 41 will reset under the push of the reset spring 43. The mesh of the moving screen plate 41 and the fixed screen plate 40 will return to the state of being staggered. Step 10: Start the electric rotary table 30, move the robotic arm mechanism 8 to one side of the waste powder collection port 12, and then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base 31, the boom swing drive joint motor 34, the forearm swing drive joint motor 35 and the bucket swing drive joint motor 36, pour the metal particles in the bucket 38 into the waste powder collection port 12. Then, the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism 8 and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism 7 return to their initial positions as a whole. Step 11: Start the powder scraper translation drive mechanism 6, and use the powder scraper 5 to flatten the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank 2, and then the powder scraper 5 is reset; Step 12: Repeat steps 2 to 11, and after each layer of printing is completed, the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism will descend by one layer distance until the part is printed.

[0028] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for removing splashed particles based on laser powder bed melting technology, characterized in that: The system includes a main body, a toner supply tank, a printing tank, a waste toner recovery tank, a toner scraper, a toner scraper translation drive mechanism, a metal particle screening bucket mechanism, a robotic arm mechanism, and an attitude adjustment drive mechanism. A toner supply port, a printing port, and a waste toner recovery port are sequentially arranged side-by-side on the base plate of the main body. The toner supply tank is located directly below the toner supply port, and a lifting toner support plate mechanism is installed within the toner supply tank. The printing tank is located directly below the printing port, and a lifting printing table mechanism is installed within the printing tank, with the laser printhead located directly above the printing port. The waste toner recovery tank is located directly below the waste toner recovery port. The attitude adjustment drive mechanism is located on the upper part of the main body. The robotic arm mechanism is mounted on the attitude adjustment drive mechanism. The metal particle screening bucket mechanism is located at the end of the robotic arm mechanism. The toner scraper translation drive mechanism is located on the upper part of the main body and above the attitude adjustment drive mechanism. The toner scraper is mounted on the toner scraper translation drive mechanism.

2. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder scraper translation drive mechanism includes a powder scraper translation motor, a powder scraper translation screw, a powder scraper translation screw seat, and a powder scraper translation guide rod. The powder scraper translation motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the powder scraper translation motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the powder scraper translation screw, and the other end of the powder scraper translation screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The powder scraper translation guide rod is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation screw, and both ends of the powder scraper translation guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The powder scraper translation screw seat is connected between the powder scraper translation screw and the powder scraper translation guide rod. The powder scraper is fixedly connected to the powder scraper translation screw seat. The powder scraper translation guide rod passes through the powder scraper.

3. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The attitude adjustment drive mechanism includes a first lateral attitude adjustment component, a second lateral attitude adjustment component, a longitudinal attitude adjustment component, and a rotary attitude adjustment component; the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component are arranged side by side on the body; the longitudinal attitude adjustment component is arranged between the first lateral attitude adjustment component and the second lateral attitude adjustment component; and the rotary attitude adjustment component is arranged on the longitudinal attitude adjustment component.

4. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a first lateral attitude adjustment motor, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, a first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a first lateral guide rod. The first lateral attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the first lateral attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is distributed parallel to the powder scraper translation lead screw. The first lateral guide rod is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and both ends of the first lateral guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw and the first lateral guide rod.

5. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second lateral attitude adjustment assembly includes a second lateral attitude adjustment motor, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, a second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a second lateral guide rod. The second lateral attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed to the machine body via a motor support. The motor shaft of the second lateral attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the machine body via a bearing seat. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw is distributed parallel to the first lateral attitude adjustment lead screw. The second lateral guide rod is distributed parallel to the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw, and both ends of the second lateral guide rod are fixedly connected to the machine body. The second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the second lateral attitude adjustment lead screw and the second lateral guide rod.

6. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal attitude adjustment assembly includes a longitudinal attitude adjustment motor, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw, a longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and a longitudinal guide rod. The longitudinal attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixed on the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat via a motor support. The motor shaft of the longitudinal attitude adjustment motor is coaxially fixed to one end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw, and the other end of the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw is rotatably connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat via a bearing seat. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw is perpendicular to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw. The longitudinal guide rod is parallel to the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw. One end of the longitudinal guide rod is fixedly connected to the first transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat, and the other end of the longitudinal guide rod is fixedly connected to the second transverse attitude adjustment lead screw seat. The longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw seat is connected between the longitudinal attitude adjustment lead screw and the longitudinal guide rod.

7. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary attitude adjustment assembly includes a suspension support rod and an electric rotary table; the suspension support rod is vertically arranged, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal attitude adjustment cable seat; the electric rotary table is installed at the lower end of the suspension support rod; the robotic arm mechanism is installed on the electric rotary table; a visual recognition camera is installed at the bottom of the electric rotary table to identify and locate metal particles splashed into the powder supply tank.

8. The splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The robotic arm mechanism includes an electric rotary base, a boom, a forearm, a boom swing drive joint motor, a forearm swing drive joint motor, and a bucket swing drive joint motor. The electric rotary base is mounted on an electric rotary table. One end of the boom is hinged to the electric rotary base, the other end of the boom is hinged to one end of the forearm, and the other end of the forearm is hinged to the metal particle screening bucket mechanism. The boom swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the boom and the electric rotary base. The forearm swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the forearm and the boom. The bucket swing drive joint motor is located at the hinge between the metal particle screening bucket mechanism and the forearm. A piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the forearm.

9. A splash particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The metal particle screening bucket mechanism includes a bucket, a hinge seat, a fixed screen plate, a movable screen plate, an electric push rod, and a return spring. The hinge seat is fixedly installed at the upper rear end of the bucket and is hinged to the forearm. The bottom of the bucket is an open structure, and the fixed screen plate is fixedly installed at the open part of the bottom of the bucket. The movable screen plate is located below the fixed screen plate and is in contact with it. One end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bucket, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable screen plate. The return spring is located on the opposite side of the electric push rod, with one end fixedly connected to the movable screen plate and the other end fixedly connected to the bucket.

10. A method for removing spatter particles based on laser powder bed melting technology, comprising the spatter particle removal device based on laser powder bed melting technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the powder supply port with metal powder until the powder supply trough above the lifting powder support plate mechanism is filled with metal powder, and at the same time make the upper surface of the metal powder flush with the upper edge of the powder supply port. Step 2: Activate the lifting powder tray mechanism to move the powder tray upwards a set distance, pushing the metal powder out of the powder supply port; Step 3: Start the scraper plate translation motor, drive the scraper plate translation screw to rotate, so that the scraper plate translation screw seat and scraper plate will move in translation. The scraper plate scrapes the metal powder that is pushed out of the powder supply port into the printing port, and completes the powder spreading of metal powder on the upper surface of the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism. Excess metal powder is scraped into the waste powder collection port, and the waste powder is collected by the waste powder collection tank. Then the scraper plate returns to the initial position. Step 4: Start the laser print head and perform laser printing on the metal powder already spread on the upper surface of the print table according to the set program; Step 5: Simultaneously start the first and second lateral attitude adjustment motors, drive the first and second lateral attitude adjustment screws to rotate synchronously, and make the first and second lateral attitude adjustment screw seats move laterally synchronously, thereby driving the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism to move as a whole to above the powder supply port. Step Six: The first horizontal attitude adjustment component, the second horizontal attitude adjustment component, and the vertical attitude adjustment component work together to take pictures of the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank using the visual recognition camera at the bottom of the electric rotary table, and identify and locate whether there are splashed metal particles on the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank. Step 7: If there are splashed metal particles on the surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank, first move the electric rotary table to the top of the printing port, then start the electric rotary table and move the robotic arm mechanism to the side of the powder supply port. Then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base, the swing drive joint motor of the upper arm, the swing drive joint motor of the lower arm, and the swing drive joint motor of the bucket, the metal particles are shoveled into the bucket. Step 8: Start the electric push rod to push the screen plate, and at the same time the return spring is compressed until the mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate are aligned. Step 9: Activate the piezoelectric ceramic vibrating plate. The vibration force will be transmitted to the bucket through the forearm. Under the action of the vibration force, the metal powder in the bucket will fall back into the powder feeding trough through the mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate. The metal particles will be left in the bucket. Then the electric push rod will reset, and the moving screen plate will reset under the push of the reset spring. The mesh of the moving screen plate and the fixed screen plate will return to the state of being staggered. Step 10: Start the electric rotary table, move the robotic arm mechanism to the waste powder recycling port side, and then, through the linkage of the electric rotary base, the boom swing drive joint motor, the forearm swing drive joint motor and the bucket swing drive joint motor, pour the metal particles in the bucket into the waste powder recycling port. Then, the longitudinal attitude adjustment component, the rotary attitude adjustment component, the robotic arm mechanism and the metal particle screening bucket mechanism return to the initial position as a whole. Step 11: Start the powder scraper translation drive mechanism to smooth the upper surface of the metal powder in the powder supply tank using the powder scraper, and then the powder scraper returns to its original position; Step 12: Repeat steps 2 to 11, and after each layer of printing is completed, the printing table of the lifting printing table mechanism will descend by one layer distance until the part is printed.

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