Box body intelligent welding device and system for ventilation static pressure box

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation plenum chamber welding, in particular to an intelligent welding device and system for a box body of a ventilation plenum chamber. A multi-axis mechanical arm is installed at the support, a welding head is connected to the outer end of the multi-axis mechanical arm, a laser positioning device is installed at the welding head, a sliding base is slidably connected to the bottom guide rail in the extending direction of the support, a displacement mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom guide rail, and a rotating motor is installed in the middle of the top end of the sliding base. The output end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected with a placing platform, and a positioning mechanism is mounted at the top of the placing platform; according to the laser positioning device, real-time identification and tracking of a welding seam are achieved, the positioning precision is within + / -0.1 mm, the defects of air holes, incomplete fusion and the like in traditional welding are overcome, the strict requirement of the ventilation plenum chamber for air tightness is met, and the welding efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology for ventilation static pressure boxes, specifically to an intelligent welding device and system for the body of a ventilation static pressure box. Background Technology

[0002] The ventilation plenum chamber is a core component of HVAC systems, primarily used to reduce airflow noise, evenly distribute airflow, and stabilize static pressure. Its performance directly affects the energy efficiency and comfort of the air conditioning system. The chamber is typically manufactured from galvanized steel or stainless steel sheets through processes including material preparation, forming, assembly, welding, sealing, and surface treatment.

[0003] Among them, the welding process is the key link to ensure the airtightness and structural strength of the enclosure. It must meet the following requirements: the weld seams of the enclosure panels must be strictly aligned to avoid misalignment that could lead to air leakage or stress concentration; and the enclosure is mostly a cuboid or irregular structure, requiring full-position welding of multiple components such as side panels, end panels, and flanges.

[0004] Although existing technologies have enabled automated welding (such as robotic welding and laser welding), significant shortcomings remain in the design of positioning mechanisms and adaptability to multiple specifications: 1. Existing devices mostly use rigid clamps to fix the box body, which requires redesigning the clamps for different specifications (such as side length 300mm-2000mm), resulting in a changeover time of 2-4 hours and low efficiency; in addition, some devices only position local areas of the box body (such as the edge of the side plate), which cannot achieve full circumferential constraint. During welding, the plate is prone to displacement due to thermal deformation, which affects the consistency of the weld.

[0005] 2. Traditional positioning fixtures (such as pneumatic chucks) need to be placed close to the weld, which makes it impossible for the welding head to approach the root of the weld, especially hindering the root penetration of thick plate boxes (such as stainless steel ≥5mm).

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, the industry is moving towards flexible positioning, multi-axis collaborative welding, and intelligent closed-loop control. For example, patent CN221755166U discloses an adaptive welding positioning device for boxes of different specifications, which proposes to achieve rapid loading of boxes through casters and rollers, but does not solve the dynamic positioning problem during the welding process; patent CN117245328A discloses a special welding positioning device and positioning welding method for straight pipe assemblies of ventilation boxes, which uses stepped positioning pins to adapt to different hole positions, but is still limited to single-direction constraints. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent welding device and system for a ventilated static pressure box to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent welding device and system for a ventilation static pressure box, comprising: The supports and bottom rails are installed side by side on the ground; A multi-axis robotic arm is installed at the support, and a welding head is connected to the outer end of the multi-axis robotic arm. A laser positioning device is installed at the welding head. Furthermore, the laser positioning device consists of a laser vision sensor, an image processing and control system, and an execution and feedback mechanism, enabling high-precision positioning, real-time dynamic tracking, flexible adaptation, anti-interference capability, and data interaction. A sliding base is slidably connected to the bottom guide rail in the direction of the support extension. A displacement mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom guide rail. A rotary motor is installed at the top center of the sliding base. A placement platform is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor. A positioning mechanism is installed on the top of the placement platform. The positioning mechanism consists of an adaptation component and a limiting component. The middle part of the adaptation component abuts against and positions the static pressure box body, and the limiting component abuts against and locks against the top of the placement platform.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above solution, the displacement mechanism includes a screw rod installed on one side of the bottom guide rail. The screw rod is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve block, and the bottom end of the threaded sleeve block is fixedly connected to the top side of the sliding base.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the adaptation component includes two hinge plates and a fixed rod. The two hinge plates are hinged together by the fixed rod. The bottom end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the top center of the placement platform. Each hinge plate is symmetrically connected with two positioning springs and two support arc plates from the center outwards. A trapezoidal slide plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of each of the two positioning springs. The trapezoidal slide plate slides along the length of the hinge plate. The longitudinal section of the trapezoidal slide plate is a right trapezoid, and the height of the right trapezoid gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a bottom sliding frame is symmetrically fixedly connected to the middle of both sides of the bottom end of each hinge plate. A cooperating motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the two bottom sliding frames. A screw rod is fixedly connected to the output end of each cooperating motor. The screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom sliding frame. A sliding block is threadedly connected to the screw rod inside the bottom sliding frame. The sliding block is slidably connected to the bottom sliding frame. Two connecting ring blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding block. A set of side sliding grooves is symmetrically opened at both ends of the two hinge plates. A sliding sleeve block is slidably connected in each set of side sliding grooves. A hollow vertical cylinder is rotatably connected in each sliding sleeve block. The vertical cylinder located at the bottom end of the side sliding groove is fixedly connected to the adjacent connecting ring block.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above scheme, each vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder on the outer wall above the sliding sleeve block. A fixed suction plate is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder facing the static pressure box body. The inner wall of the fixed suction plate is attached to the lower part of the outer wall of the static pressure box body. Side slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the vertical cylinder. A movable cylinder is vertically slidably connected in the side slot. A movable suction plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable cylinder. The movable suction plate is located directly above the fixed suction plate. The inner wall of the movable suction plate is attached to the upper part of the outer wall of the static pressure box body. Protrusions are evenly fixedly connected in each side slot on the outer side. An insertion slot is opened in the middle of the outer wall of each movable cylinder. Horizontal slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the insertion slot. A sliding plate is slidably connected in the horizontal slot. A snap-fit ​​block is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sliding plate. The snap-fit ​​block is inserted into the protrusion. A sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding plate. A connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding shaft. A horizontal anti-slip groove is opened in the connecting ring. A contraction spring is wound around the anti-slip groove and the middle of the movable cylinder.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above scheme, each pair of connecting rings located on the outer walls of the four sides of the static pressure box body is slidably connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft slides along the anti-slip groove and the horizontal groove. Each connecting shaft is provided with a blocking block at both ends to prevent the connecting shaft from falling off at the two horizontal grooves.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, a limiting component is installed inside each vertical cylinder, including a V-shaped groove connected end to end on the upper part of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder. A limiting circular groove is opened at the middle of the bottom end of each V-shaped groove. A connecting slider is slidably connected in each V-shaped groove. An inner tube is fixedly connected in each connecting slider. The inner tube slides inside the vertical cylinder. The diameter of the outer wall in the middle of the inner tube is smaller than the diameter of the inner tube. A rotating block is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer wall here. A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the rotating block. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring. An inner ring block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the return spring. The inner ring block is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder. The return spring is wrapped around the outer wall. An abutting suction cup is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner tube. The abutting suction cup abuts against the top of the placement platform.

[0015] The intelligent welding system for the ventilated static pressure box also includes material feeding equipment, forming equipment, assembly equipment, surface treatment equipment, and inspection equipment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves real-time identification and tracking of weld seams through a laser positioning device, with a positioning accuracy of within ±0.1mm, avoiding defects such as porosity and lack of fusion in traditional welding, meeting the stringent requirements of ventilation static pressure boxes for airtightness, and significantly improving welding efficiency.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves rapid positioning of the box body through a retractable trapezoidal sliding plate, an adaptive suction cup, and a limiting component, solving the pain point of rigid tooling fixtures. Non-contact laser positioning avoids physical obstruction, ensuring that the laser welding head can fully cover the complex weld seams of the box body, reducing the defect rate, reducing tooling replacement costs, and meeting the needs of flexible production lines in intelligent manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Top view.

[0023] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Cross-sectional view in the BB direction.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the non-operational state of the positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the spacing adjustment component of the adaptive assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a partial enlarged view of the height adjustment component of the adaptive assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the structure of the snap-fit ​​block of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the elastic unit of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Support; 101. Multi-axis robotic arm; 102. Welding head; 2. Sliding base; 201. Bottom guide rail; 202. Displacement motor; 203. Screw one; 204. Threaded sleeve block; 210. Rotary motor; 211. Placement platform; 212. Hinge plate; 213. Fixing rod; 214. Support arc plate; 215. Positioning spring; 216. Trapezoidal slide plate; 220. Bottom sliding frame; 221. Cooperative motor; 222. Screw two; 223. Sliding block; 224. Connecting ring block; 225. Side slide groove; 226. Sliding sleeve block; 230. Vertical cylinder; 231. 1. Fixed cylinder; 232. Fixed suction plate; 233. Side groove; 234. Protrusion; 235. Inner tube; 236. Connecting slider; 237. V-groove; 238. Limiting circular groove; 239. Abutting suction cup; 240. Movable cylinder; 241. Insertion groove; 242. Horizontal groove; 243. Sliding plate; 244. Snap-fit ​​block; 245. Sliding shaft; 246. Connecting ring; 247. Anti-slip groove; 248. Contraction spring; 249. Movable suction plate; 250. Connecting shaft; 251. Rotating block; 252. Rotating ring; 253. Return spring; 254. Inner ring block; 3. Static pressure box body. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] This invention provides an intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilated static pressure box, comprising: The support 1 and the bottom guide rail 201 are installed side by side on the ground; A multi-axis robotic arm 101 is installed at support 1. A welding head 102 is connected to the outer end of the multi-axis robotic arm 101. A laser positioning device is installed at the welding head 102. Furthermore, the laser positioning device consists of a laser vision sensor, an image processing and control system, and an execution and feedback mechanism, enabling high-precision positioning, real-time dynamic tracking, flexible adaptation, anti-interference capabilities, and data interaction.

[0033] A sliding base 2 is slidably connected to the bottom guide rail 201 in the direction of extension of the support 1. A displacement mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom guide rail 201. A rotary motor 210 is installed at the top center of the sliding base 2. A placement platform 211 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor 210. A positioning mechanism is installed on the top of the placement platform 211. The positioning mechanism consists of an adaptation component and a limiting component. The middle part of the adaptation component abuts and positions the static pressure box body 3, and the limiting component abuts and locks against the top of the placement platform 211.

[0034] Specifically, welding head 102 is a laser welding machine used for high-precision welding, such as the precision splicing of stainless steel boxes; it has a fast welding speed (up to 1000mm / min), a small heat-affected zone (≤0.1mm), and minimal deformation.

[0035] See Figures 1-4 Specifically: Laser vision sensors typically use line laser diodes (such as 650nm red light or 808nm infrared light) to emit fan-shaped or linear laser beams that illuminate the weld surface to form structured light stripes (the basis of the laser triangulation principle).

[0036] The image acquisition module uses a high-resolution industrial camera (such as CCD or CMOS, ≥12 megapixels) mounted at a specific angle to the laser emission module (typically 30°-60° to the laser beam) to receive reflected light streaks from the weld surface. The camera must have a high frame rate (≥1000fps) to ensure clear images are captured even during high-speed welding (e.g., 12m / min).

[0037] Optical filtering and protection module: To suppress arc light interference (such as the continuous spectrum of electric arc) and smoke pollution during the welding process, the sensor needs to be equipped with a narrow-band filter (only allowing laser wavelength to pass through) and dustproof glass (such as polycarbonate plate).

[0038] Furthermore, the image processing and control system consists of an industrial PC / embedded controller and a communication module; Industrial PC / Embedded Controller: As the core computing unit of the system, it adopts a multi-core CPU (such as Intel i7) or FPGA+DSP architecture (such as Xilinx Zynq) to realize high-speed image processing (such as convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction) and real-time control algorithms (such as PID control and fuzzy control).

[0039] Communication module: Used to enable real-time communication between sensors, controllers, and actuators, supporting protocols such as EtherCAT (gigabit bandwidth) and Profinet (industrial Ethernet) to ensure low latency (≤5ms) in command transmission. For example, the laser weld seam tracking system of VisionBit Robotics connects to the robot controller via an EtherCAT bus to achieve synchronous communication between the sensor, controller, and robot.

[0040] The execution and feedback mechanism is the system's "execution terminal," responsible for receiving control commands and adjusting the welding torch position to achieve real-time trajectory correction. Its core functions are high-precision positioning (within ±0.1mm) and rapid response (≤10ms) to cope with thermal deformation during the welding process (such as the expansion of the box plate due to welding heat input) and assembly errors (such as workpiece placement deviation).

[0041] The displacement mechanism includes a screw 203 installed on one side of the bottom guide rail 201. The screw 203 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 204. The bottom end of the threaded sleeve 204 is fixedly connected to the top side of the sliding base 2.

[0042] See Figure 1 The displacement motor 202 drives the entire sliding base 2 to move the static pressure box body 3 to be welded horizontally, so as to realize automated welding operation in conjunction with the algorithm and the multi-axis robotic arm 101 and the welding head 102.

[0043] The adaptation component includes two hinged plates 212 and a fixed rod 213. The two hinged plates 212 are hinged together by the fixed rod 213, and the bottom end of the fixed rod 213 is fixedly connected to the top center of the placement platform 211.

[0044] Each hinge plate 212 is symmetrically connected from the middle outwards to two positioning springs 215 and two supporting arc plates 214. The outer ends of the two positioning springs 215 are fixedly connected to a trapezoidal sliding plate 216, which slides along the length of the hinge plate 212.

[0045] The longitudinal section of the trapezoidal slide 216 is a right trapezoid, and the height of the right trapezoid gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0046] Specifically, it facilitates quick and easy centering of the static pressure chamber body 3.

[0047] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 The bottom inner wall of the static pressure box body 3 abuts against the outer side of the four trapezoidal slide plates 216 respectively, and is lowered smoothly along the four trapezoidal slide plates 216, thus completing the centering positioning of the static pressure box body 3.

[0048] See Figure 5 and Figure 7 The bottom round hole of the static pressure box body 3 is placed in the middle of the support arc plate 214. The static pressure box body 3 is supported by the support arc plate 214. The height of the static pressure box body 3 is higher than the depth of the bottom round hole of the static pressure box body 3.

[0049] A bottom slide frame 220 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the middle of both sides of the bottom end of each hinge plate 212. A cooperating motor 221 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each bottom slide frame 220. A screw 222 is fixedly connected to the output end of each cooperating motor 221. The screw 222 is rotatably connected to the bottom slide frame 220. A sliding block 223 is threadedly connected to the screw 222 inside the bottom slide frame 220. The sliding block 223 is slidably connected to the bottom slide frame 220. Two connecting ring blocks 224 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding block 223.

[0050] See Figure 8 The sliding block 223 and the connecting ring block 224 are driven by the cooperating motor 221 to slide along the bottom sliding frame 220, which can quickly adapt to the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 of different sizes and complete the positioning and fixing of the static pressure box body 3, so that the displacement motor 202 can cooperate with the multi-axis robotic arm 101 to perform welding operations.

[0051] Furthermore, a displacement sensor is provided at the connection between the sliding block 223 and the bottom sliding frame 220.

[0052] Both ends of the two hinge plates 212 are symmetrically provided with a set of side grooves 225. Each set of side grooves 225 is slidably connected to a sliding sleeve block 226. Each sliding sleeve block 226 is rotatably connected to a hollow vertical cylinder 230. The vertical cylinder 230 located at the bottom of the side groove 225 is fixedly connected to the adjacent connecting ring block 224.

[0053] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 The vertical cylinder 230 rotates within the sliding sleeve 226 to position the static pressure box body 3 at different angles.

[0054] Each vertical cylinder 230 is fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder 231 on the outer wall above the sliding sleeve block 226. A fixed suction plate 232 is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 231 facing the static pressure box body 3. The inner wall of the fixed suction plate 232 is attached to the lower outer wall of the static pressure box body 3. Side slots 233 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the vertical cylinder 230. A movable cylinder 240 is vertically slidably connected in the side slots 233. A movable suction plate 249 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable cylinder 240. The movable suction plate 249 is located directly above the fixed suction plate 232. The inner wall of the movable suction plate 249 is attached to the upper outer wall of the static pressure box body 3.

[0055] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 The movable suction plate 249 and the inner side of the fixed suction plate 232, which are set at the top and bottom of the vertical cylinder 230, are on the same plane. Both the fixed suction plate 232 and the movable suction plate 249 are equipped with suction cups. The suction cups are connected to the air pump and are used to provide support and positioning for assembling and welding the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3.

[0056] Furthermore, rubber material is provided at the connection between the fixed suction plate 232 and the movable suction plate 249 and the suction cup to increase the suction force with the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 under negative pressure, providing positioning of the plate during assembly, making it convenient for operators to assemble. Then, the connection is fixed at a predetermined interval with the help of an electric welding machine. After the assembly is completed, the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 is welded from all directions with the help of the multi-axis robotic arm 101, the welding head 102, the displacement motor 202, and the sliding base 2.

[0057] Specifically, in special environments, such as complex welds that robots cannot reach (e.g., corners of enclosures, connections between pipes and enclosures), manual arc welding or MIG welding is required. Welders must hold special equipment operator certificates (e.g., TSG Z6002-2010 "Detailed Rules for the Examination of Special Equipment Welding Operators") to ensure welding quality.

[0058] Each outer side slot 233 has a protrusion 234 evenly fixedly connected inside. Each movable cylinder 240 has an insertion slot 241 in the middle of its outer wall. Horizontal slots 242 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the insertion slot 241. A sliding plate 243 is slidably connected inside the horizontal slot 242. A snap-fit ​​block 244 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sliding plate 243. The snap-fit ​​block 244 is inserted into the protrusion 234. A sliding shaft 245 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding plate 243. A connecting ring 246 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding shaft 245. A horizontal anti-slip groove 247 is opened inside the connecting ring 246. A contraction spring 248 is wound and connected between the sliding shaft 245 and the middle of the movable cylinder 240 in the anti-slip groove 247.

[0059] Each pair of connecting rings 246 located on the outer walls of the four sides of the static pressure box body 3 is slidably connected to a connecting shaft 250, and the connecting shaft 250 slides along the anti-slip groove 247 and the horizontal groove 242.

[0060] Each connecting shaft 250 has a blocking block at both ends to prevent the connecting shaft 250 from falling off into the two horizontal grooves 242.

[0061] Furthermore, if it is necessary to position the cylindrical static pressure box body 3, the connecting shaft 250 needs to be removed to avoid interference with the cylindrical static pressure box body 3.

[0062] See Figure 7 and Figure 9By pulling outward using the connecting shaft 250 located on the same side, the two sliding plates 243 can be simultaneously disengaged from the protrusion 234 at the current height. Then, the connecting shaft 250 is pulled according to the height of the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 to maintain the outward pulling state and slide up / down, so that the movable suction plate 249 can fit against the upper side of the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3.

[0063] Furthermore, the distance between the connection points of each fixed cylinder 231 and the fixed suction plate 232, and between the movable cylinder 240 and the movable suction plate 249, is adjustable. The distance between the movable suction plate 249 and the fixed suction plate 232, and between the fixed cylinder 231 and the fixed suction plate 232, can be adjusted by means of threaded adjustment of length, including but not limited to the following methods.

[0064] The limiting component is installed in each vertical cylinder 230, including a V-shaped groove 237 connected end to end on the upper part of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder 230. A limiting circular groove 238 is opened in the middle of the bottom end of each V-shaped groove 237. A connecting slider 236 is slidably connected in each V-shaped groove 237. An inner tube 235 is fixedly connected in each connecting slider 236. The inner tube 235 slides in the vertical cylinder 230.

[0065] See Figure 10 Pressing the vertical cylinder 230 allows it to slide along the connecting slider 236 into the V-groove 237 and lock it at the limiting circular groove 238. Pressing the vertical cylinder 230 again allows it to slide along the bottom of the V-groove 237 towards another V-groove 237. Specifically, when the connecting slider 236 is locked inside the limiting circular groove 238, the limiting component is in a locked state; when the connecting slider 236 is at the top of the V-groove 237, the entire limiting component is in an active state.

[0066] Furthermore, the bottom angle of the V-groove 237 is 45°.

[0067] The diameter of the outer wall in the middle of the inner tube 235 is smaller than the diameter of the inner tube 235. A rotating block 251 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer wall. A rotating ring 252 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 251. A return spring 253 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring 252. An inner ring block 254 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the return spring 253. The inner ring block 254 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical tube 230. The return spring 253 is wrapped around the outer wall. A suction cup 239 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner tube 235. The suction cup 239 abuts against the top of the placement platform 211.

[0068] See Figure 12 When the vertical cylinder 230 is pressed to switch between locked and active states, the reset spring 253 pushes the vertical cylinder 230 to lock at the top of the limiting circular groove 238 / V-shaped groove 237, thus completing the adaptation and locking of the static pressure box body 3.

[0069] The intelligent welding system for the ventilated static pressure box also includes material feeding equipment, forming equipment, assembly equipment, surface treatment equipment, and inspection equipment.

[0070] Specifically: The cutting equipment is used to cut raw materials (stainless steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets) into parts that meet design requirements, and mainly includes: Shearing machine: Used for straight cutting, suitable for plates with a thickness ≤6mm, with fast cutting speed and high precision (error ≤±0.5mm); Plasma cutting machine: used for cutting curved or irregular shapes, suitable for plates with a thickness of ≤12mm, with high cutting efficiency (up to 1000mm / min). Laser cutting machine: used for high-precision cutting, suitable for thin-walled plates with a thickness of ≤3mm, with high cutting accuracy (error ≤±0.1mm) and smooth cut (no need for subsequent grinding); CNC punching machine: used for batch punching (such as flange holes on end plates), with high punching accuracy (error ≤ ±0.2mm) and high production efficiency (up to 600 times / hour).

[0071] Forming equipment is used to process cut sheet metal into components such as side panels and end panels of a box body, mainly including: Bending machines: used for bending sheet metal, and are divided into CNC bending machines (high precision, automated, suitable for bending complex shapes) and ordinary bending machines (suitable for bending simple shapes); the bending angle is adjustable (usually 0-180°), and is suitable for sheet metal with a thickness of ≤12mm; Punch press: Used for punching and blanking of sheet metal, it is divided into mechanical punch press (high speed, high efficiency, suitable for mass production) and hydraulic punch press (high pressure, suitable for punching thick plates). Rolling machine: Used for rolling sheet materials (such as making circular boxes), suitable for sheet materials with a thickness of ≤6mm, and the rolling diameter is adjustable (usually 100-1000mm).

[0072] Assembly equipment is used to assemble the molded parts into a box frame. The positioning mechanism is used to fix the parts (such as the splicing of side panels and end panels). The clamping force is adjustable (usually 500-2000N) and is suitable for cubic boxes and cylindrical boxes of various sizes.

[0073] Surface treatment equipment is used to improve the corrosion resistance and aesthetics of enclosures, and mainly includes: Spray painting equipment: used for corrosion protection of enclosures, divided into air spray guns (high speed, high efficiency, suitable for mass production) and electrostatic spray guns (high adhesion, suitable for complex shapes). Galvanizing equipment: used for anti-corrosion treatment of cold-rolled steel sheet boxes, divided into hot-dip galvanizing equipment (high corrosion resistance, suitable for outdoor environments) and electro-galvanizing equipment (low cost, suitable for indoor environments). Grinding equipment: used for grinding the surface of the box (such as removing welding slag and burrs), divided into angle grinders (high speed, suitable for coarse grinding) and belt sanders (high precision, suitable for fine grinding); Polishing equipment: used for the surface treatment of stainless steel enclosures, divided into mechanical polishing machines (high gloss, suitable for mass production) and chemical polishing machines (high smoothness, suitable for precision parts).

[0074] Inspection equipment is used to test the dimensional accuracy, welding quality, and sealing performance of enclosures, and mainly includes: Dimensional inspection equipment: measuring tape (for rough measurement), vernier caliper (for precise measurement, error ≤ ±0.02mm), laser rangefinder (for dimensional measurement of large boxes, error ≤ ±0.1mm). Welding quality inspection equipment: ultrasonic flaw detector (used for detecting internal defects in welds, such as porosity and cracks), X-ray flaw detector (used for high-precision weld inspection, such as welds in stainless steel boxes). Sealing performance testing equipment: pressure tester (used to test the air leakage rate of the enclosure, with an error of ≤ ±0.1%), smoke tester (used for visual inspection of weld leakage). Corrosion resistance testing equipment: Salt spray tester (used to test the corrosion resistance of coatings, conforming to GB / T 10125-2021 "Artificial Atmosphere Corrosion Test - Salt Spray Test").

[0075] In use, the present invention first positions the bottom hole and bottom surface of the static pressure box body 3 at the trapezoidal sliding plate 216. Then, the bottom plate of the static pressure box body 3 is placed above the bottom hole and the supporting arc plate 214 and initially fixed using a spot welding machine. After the bottom plate is fixed to the wall of the bottom hole, the vertical cylinder 230 next to it is moved according to the length / width direction of the bottom plate to attach the plate of the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 to the bottom surface of the static pressure box body 3. The outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 is then attached to the fixed suction plate 232 and the movable suction plate 249 and initially fixed with the spot welding machine. The initial spot welding of the entire static pressure box body 3 is completed in sequence.

[0076] The displacement motor 202 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve block 204 via the screw 203, so that the sliding base 2 slides along the bottom guide rail 201 toward the multi-axis robotic arm 101. The laser positioning device scans the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 and performs welding operations. During welding, the multi-axis robotic arm 101 can cooperate with the horizontal movement of the sliding base 2 and the rotation of the rotary motor 210 to perform welding processing on the static pressure box body 3. After the upper surface of the entire static pressure box body 3 is welded, the suction cups at the fixed suction plate 232 and the movable suction plate 249 need to be released first, the bottom surface of the static pressure box body 3 is flipped to the top, and the welding head 102 is used to complete the full welding of the static pressure box body 3.

[0077] It should be noted that when the height of the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3 is inconsistent with the movable suction plate 249, the locking block 244 when the connecting shaft 250 is pulled outward will disengage from the protrusion 234 in the current area. Then, according to the height of the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3, after the displacement reaches the appropriate height, the connecting shaft 250 is released. Under the elastic contraction of the contraction spring 248, the locking block 244 can limit the protrusion 234 in the current area.

[0078] It should also be noted that when the vertical cylinder 230 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the four coordinating motors 221 will work together under the control of the controller to move the sliding block 223 to the same distance, so that multiple sliding sleeves 226 can move synchronously along the side slide groove 225 to quickly position the outer wall of the static pressure box body 3. Then, the vertical cylinder 230 is pressed in sequence to make the bottom end abut against the suction cup 239 to abut against the top of the placement platform 211 and fix the current position of the vertical cylinder 230.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilated static pressure box, characterized in that, include: The supports and bottom rails are installed side by side on the ground; A multi-axis robotic arm is installed at the support, and a welding head is connected to the outer end of the multi-axis robotic arm. A laser positioning device is installed at the welding head. A sliding base is slidably connected to the bottom guide rail in the direction of the support extension. A displacement mechanism is provided on one side of the bottom guide rail. A rotary motor is installed at the top center of the sliding base. The output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to a placement platform. A positioning mechanism is installed on the top of the placement platform. The positioning mechanism consists of an adaptation component and a limiting component. The middle part of the adaptation component abuts against and positions the static pressure box body, and the limiting component abuts against and locks against the top of the placement platform.

2. The intelligent welding device for a ventilated static pressure box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement mechanism includes a screw rod installed on one side of the bottom guide rail. The screw rod is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve block, and the bottom end of the threaded sleeve block is fixedly connected to the top side of the sliding base.

3. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptation component includes two hinge plates and a fixed rod. The two hinge plates are hinged together by the fixed rod. The bottom end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the top center of the placement platform. Each hinge plate is symmetrically connected with two positioning springs and two supporting arc plates from the center outwards. The outer ends of the two positioning springs are fixedly connected with a trapezoidal sliding plate, which slides along the length of the hinge plate.

4. The intelligent welding device for a ventilated static pressure box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the trapezoidal sliding plate is a right trapezoid, and the height of the right trapezoid gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

5. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bottom sliding frame is symmetrically fixedly connected to the middle of both sides of the bottom end of each hinge plate. A cooperating motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each bottom sliding frame. A screw rod is fixedly connected to the output end of each cooperating motor. The screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom sliding frame. A sliding block is threadedly connected to the screw rod inside the bottom sliding frame. The sliding block is slidably connected to the bottom sliding frame. Two connecting ring blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding block.

6. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the two hinge plates are symmetrically provided with a set of side grooves. A sliding sleeve block is slidably connected in each set of side grooves. A hollow vertical cylinder is rotatably connected in each sliding sleeve block. The vertical cylinder located at the bottom of the side groove is fixedly connected to the adjacent connecting ring block.

7. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each vertical cylinder has a fixed cylinder fixedly connected to its outer wall above the sliding sleeve block. A fixed suction plate is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder facing the static pressure box body. The inner wall of the fixed suction plate is attached to the lower part of the outer wall of the static pressure box body. Side slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the vertical cylinder. A movable cylinder is vertically slidably connected to the side slot. A movable suction plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable cylinder. The movable suction plate is located directly above the fixed suction plate. The inner wall of the movable suction plate is attached to the upper part of the outer wall of the static pressure box body. Protrusions are evenly fixedly connected to each of the side slots on the outer side. An insertion slot is opened in the middle of the outer wall of each movable cylinder. Horizontal slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the insertion slot. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the horizontal slot. A snap-fit ​​block is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sliding plate. The snap-fit ​​block is inserted into the protrusion. A sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding plate. A connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outer end of the sliding shaft. A horizontal anti-slip groove is opened in the connecting ring. A contraction spring is wound around the sliding shaft in the anti-slip groove and the middle of the movable cylinder.

8. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each pair of connecting rings located on the outer walls of the four sides of the static pressure box body is slidably connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft slides along the anti-slip groove and the horizontal groove. Each connecting shaft has a blocking block at both ends to prevent the connecting shaft from falling off at the two horizontal grooves.

9. The intelligent welding device for the body of a ventilation static pressure box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component is installed inside each vertical cylinder, including a V-shaped groove connected end to end on the upper part of the inner wall of the vertical cylinder. A limiting circular groove is opened at the middle of the bottom end of each V-shaped groove. A connecting slider is slidably connected in each V-shaped groove. An inner tube is fixedly connected in each connecting slider. The inner tube slides inside the vertical cylinder. The diameter of the outer wall in the middle of the inner tube is smaller than the diameter of the inner tube. A rotating block is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer wall here. A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the rotating block. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating ring. An inner ring block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the return spring. The inner ring block is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder. The return spring is wound around the outer wall. An abutting suction cup is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner tube. The abutting suction cup abuts against the top of the placement platform.

10. An intelligent welding system for the body of a ventilation static pressure box, characterized in that... The device includes an intelligent welding apparatus for a ventilated static pressure box as described in any one of claims 1-9, and further includes a material feeding device, a forming device, an assembly device, a surface treatment device, and an inspection device.

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