Mining area heat pump cooling and heating combined supply system and method based on multi-source waste heat cooperation

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining area heat pump cold and heat combined supply system based on multi-source waste heat cooperation. The system comprises a ground part and an underground part. The ground part comprises a refrigerating unit, a cold user, a plate heat exchanger, a heating unit, a high-temperature heat user, a low-temperature heat user, a cooling tower and a heat and cold storage integrated tank, and is used for heat exchange and providing water with different temperatures for the cold user, the high-temperature heat user and the low-temperature heat user according to different requirements; and the underground part consists of an air cooler, a high-low pressure heat exchanger and a mine water sump and is used for collecting an underground heat source. Efficient circulating transportation and automatic unloading of the mine car are achieved. Four different operation modes are integrated to adapt to different working conditions. According to prediction results of annual and daytime cooling and heating loads of a mining area, opening and closing of a valve and a water pump are controlled in real time, so that the system can be flexibly switched to a proper operation mode, waste heat resources and green electricity are utilized to the maximum extent, and the system energy efficiency and the coal mine green electricity proportion are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine cooling and heating technology, specifically relating to a coal mine heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy, and also relating to a coal mine heat pump combined cooling and heating method based on multi-source waste heat synergy. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine heating and cooling loads exhibit significant spatial and temporal variations. Throughout the year, the heating load peaks in winter, primarily driven by surface building heating, shaft antifreeze, and hot water preparation for bathing, while the cooling load, mainly driven by underground cooling, is lower. In summer, the cooling load peaks, primarily driven by underground cooling and surface building cooling, while the heating load, mainly driven by hot water for bathing, is lower. Heating and cooling loads are relatively balanced in spring and autumn. On a daily basis, diurnal temperature variations also cause fluctuations in heating and cooling loads. For example, higher daytime temperatures result in relatively lower heating loads and relatively higher cooling loads, while lower nighttime temperatures result in relatively higher heating loads and relatively lower cooling loads. High-temperature heat hazards are particularly prominent underground in summer. As mining depths exceed 1000m, the temperature of the mine rock mass generally reaches 40-50℃ due to the geothermal gradient, causing the air temperature at the working face to frequently reach 34-36℃, creating a harsh working environment of high temperature and humidity. Simultaneously, heat dissipation from underground equipment further exacerbates the heat hazard problem. Equipment heat dissipation and surrounding rock heat transfer form a combined heat source, seriously threatening the physical and mental health of underground workers, leading to decreased labor efficiency and a significant increase in safety hazards.

[0003] There are still some shortcomings in the current coal mine cooling and heating systems: (1) The cooling system in the mine is independent of the surface cooling and surface heating systems. Especially when the cooling capacity is large in summer, the large amount of condensing heat released by the heat pump is often ignored and not recovered and utilized, which makes it impossible to achieve combined cooling and heating, resulting in low overall system energy efficiency; (2) At present, coal mines generally extract heat from mine water and use water source heat pumps to raise the temperature for heating. However, the water inflow of coal mines varies, and the available residual heat also varies. In winter, relying solely on water source heat pumps may lead to insufficient heating, and air source heat pumps are often needed to assist in heating. However, the operating efficiency of air source heat pumps is low in winter and the power consumption is high; (3) The existing mine cooling and heating systems are not flexible enough. They do not take into account the impact of seasonal and daytime cold and heat load changes on the system's cooling and heating capacity. They cannot accurately control the heat pump's heating and cooling capacity to change with the actual cold and heat load changes, which easily leads to insufficient energy supply and energy waste; (4) At present, coal mine heating generally adopts absorption heat pumps, which drive the heat source from nearby high-temperature steam. This not only occupies a large space, but also cannot absorb new energy power generation, resulting in tight coal mine land use and a low proportion of green electricity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a coal-fired heat pump system for mining areas based on multi-source waste heat synergy. This system achieves efficient coal-fired heat pump unit cooling and heating by recovering and utilizing heat pump condensation heat and synergizing with waste heat from mine water. It also enables seasonal and daytime regulation through precise control, enhancing system flexibility and maintaining efficient and stable operation of the system during the day and throughout the year.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this invention is: a multi-source waste heat synergy-based mine heat pump combined cooling and heating system, comprising a surface section and an underground section; the surface section includes a refrigeration unit, cold users, plate heat exchangers, heating units, high-temperature heat users, low-temperature heat users, cooling towers, and integrated heat and cold storage tanks, used for heat exchange, providing water at different temperatures to cold users, high-temperature heat users, and low-temperature heat users according to different needs; the underground section consists of an air cooler, high and low pressure heat exchangers, and a mine water tank, used for the extraction of underground heat sources.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration unit adopts an electrically driven compression heat pump, including a first evaporator, a first compressor, a first condenser, and a first expansion valve; a first three-way valve is installed between the inlet of the evaporator of the first refrigeration unit and the tube-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger, one inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the tube-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger, the other inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the user, and the outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator. The primary circulation return water from the tube-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger and the primary circulation return water flowing out from the ground building are combined through the first three-way valve and flow together towards the first evaporator. A second three-way valve is installed between the inlet and outlet of the first evaporator and the tube-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger. The inlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the water-side outlet of the first evaporator, one outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the tube-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger, and the other outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the cold user. This allows the primary circulating chilled water to flow to the underground high and low pressure heat exchanger or to the surface building to meet the cooling needs of the surface building. A second water pump is installed on the primary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the primary circulating water. The refrigeration unit can consist of one heat pump or two or more heat pumps connected in series or parallel.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plate heat exchanger is disposed between the first condenser and the mine water tank. A third three-way valve is disposed between the plate heat exchanger and the mine water tank. The inlet of the third three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the mine water tank. One outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to the external environment, and the other outlet of the third three-way valve is connected to the mine water side inlet of the plate heat exchanger, so that the mine water can flow to the plate heat exchanger or be discharged directly. A third water pump is disposed between the mine water tank and the third three-way valve to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the mine water.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating unit is an electrically driven compression heat pump, comprising a second evaporator, a second compressor, a second condenser, and a second throttling valve; heat users are divided into high-temperature heat users and low-temperature heat users according to different temperatures; the second condenser is connected to the heat users, a twelfth three-way valve is provided between the low-temperature heat users and the second condenser, the inlet of the twelfth three-way valve is connected to the low-temperature heat users, and one outlet of the twelfth three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second condenser; a thirteenth three-way valve is provided between the high-temperature heat users and the low-temperature heat users, one inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve is connected to the high-temperature heat users, and the outlet of the thirteenth three-way valve is connected to the low-temperature heat users; an eighth water pump is provided between the second condenser and the high-temperature heat users to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the supplied hot water; the heating unit can be composed of one heat pump, or two or more heat pumps connected in series or in parallel.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high and low pressure heat exchanger is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The tube-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator, the tube-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator, the shell-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger is connected to the water-side inlet of the air cooler, and the shell-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger is connected to the water-side outlet of the air cooler. The hot air in the well enters the air cooler and exchanges heat with the secondary circulating cold water, becoming cold air, which flows to each working face to reduce the temperature of each working face. The secondary circulating cold water exchanges heat and becomes secondary circulating return water, which re-enters the shell side of the high and low pressure heat exchanger to form a cycle. A first water pump is installed on the secondary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the secondary circulating water.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a circulation loop is provided between the refrigeration unit and the heating unit. This circulation loop is equipped with a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, an eighth three-way valve, a ninth three-way valve, a thirteenth three-way valve, and an eleventh three-way valve. One inlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the circulating cooling water side of the plate heat exchanger, and the other inlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the first condenser. The outlet of the fourth three-way valve is connected to one inlet of the second three-way valve. The outlet of the fifth three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the sixth three-way valve, and one outlet of the sixth three-way valve is connected to the other inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve. The sixth three-way valve's other outlet is connected to the seventh three-way valve's inlet. The seventh three-way valve's outlet is connected to the second evaporator's inlet. The eighth three-way valve's inlet is connected to the second evaporator's outlet. One outlet of the eighth three-way valve is connected to the ninth three-way valve's inlet. One outlet of the ninth three-way valve is connected to the thirteenth three-way valve's inlet. The ninth three-way valve's other outlet is connected to the plate heat exchanger's water-side inlet. The thirteenth three-way valve's outlet is connected to the eleventh three-way valve's inlet. The eleventh three-way valve's outlet is connected to the first condenser's inlet. A sixth water pump is installed in this loop to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the circulating cooling water.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling tower inlet is connected to another outlet of the twelfth three-way valve; the cooling tower outlet is connected to another inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve; a fourth water pump is provided between the cooling tower and the thirteenth three-way valve to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the circulating cooling water.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower cold water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank is connected to another inlet of the eleventh three-way valve, and a fifth water pump is installed between the lower cold water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank and the eleventh three-way valve to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the cold water; the lower cold water inlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank is connected to another outlet of the eighth three-way valve, the upper hot water inlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank is connected to another outlet of the fifth three-way valve, and the upper hot water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank is connected to another inlet of the seventh three-way valve; a fifth water pump is installed between the upper hot water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank and the seventh three-way valve. The seventh water pump is used to regulate the flow and temperature of hot water. The integrated thermal and cold storage tank can be divided into two tanks: a thermal storage tank and a cold storage tank. The outlet of the cold storage tank is connected to the other inlet of the eleventh three-way valve. A fifth water pump is installed between the outlet of the cold storage tank and the eleventh three-way valve to regulate the flow and temperature of cold water. The inlet of the cold storage tank is connected to the other outlet of the eighth three-way valve, the inlet of the thermal storage tank is connected to the other outlet of the fifth three-way valve, and the outlet of the thermal storage tank is connected to the other inlet of the seventh three-way valve. A seventh water pump is installed between the outlet of the thermal storage tank and the seventh three-way valve to regulate the flow and temperature of hot water.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for combined cooling and heating of a mine heat pump based on multi-source waste heat synergy. This method achieves efficient combined cooling and heating of the heat pump unit by recovering and utilizing the condensation heat of the heat pump and coordinating it with the waste heat of the mine water. It also enables seasonal and daytime regulation through precise control, enhancing system flexibility and maintaining efficient and stable operation of the system during the day and throughout the year.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating method based on multi-source waste heat synergy. When the cooling load is greater than the heating load, primary circulating chilled water flows out from the first evaporator and, driven by the second water pump, flows through the second three-way valve to the surface cooling users and the underground high and low pressure heat exchangers respectively. After cooling the secondary circulating return water in the high and low pressure heat exchangers, the primary circulating chilled water merges with the primary circulating return water from the surface cooling users through the first three-way valve and flows into the first evaporator. Driven by the first water pump, the secondary circulating chilled water enters the air cooler to cool the underground air. Driven by the fourth water pump, the circulating cooling water flows out from the cooling tower, passes through the thirteenth and eleventh three-way valves to enter the first condenser to absorb condensation heat, and then passes through the fourth, fifth, sixth, and thirteenth three-way valves to enter the low-temperature heat users. The circulating cooling water flowing out from the low-temperature heat users flows back to the cooling tower for heat dissipation through the twelfth three-way valve.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention When the heat load exceeds the cooling load, mine water is pumped out of the mine water tank by the third pump and enters the plate heat exchanger through the third three-way valve. Circulating cooling water, driven by the sixth pump, flows through the ninth three-way valve to the thirteenth valve and the plate heat exchanger. Part of the circulating cooling water enters the first condenser through the thirteenth and eleventh three-way valves to absorb condensation heat, while the other part enters the plate heat exchanger to absorb waste heat from the mine water. The two parts of circulating cooling water merge at the fourth three-way valve and then enter the second evaporator through the fifth, sixth, and seventh three-way valves. The cooled circulating cooling water enters the ninth three-way valve through the eighth three-way valve, forming a cycle. The heating return water, driven by the eighth pump, enters the second condenser and is heated to become hot water. It then flows through the thirteenth three-way valve sequentially through the high-temperature and low-temperature heat users, and then enters the second condenser through the twelfth three-way valve, forming a cycle. When the heating and cooling loads are matched, the circulating cooling water, driven by the sixth water pump, enters the first condenser through the ninth, thirteenth, and eleventh three-way valves to absorb condensation heat, and then enters the second evaporator through the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh three-way valves; the cooled circulating cooling water enters the ninth three-way valve through the eighth three-way valve, forming a cycle. In the heat storage / release mode, cold water, driven by the fifth water pump, flows from the bottom of the integrated heat and cold storage tank, passes through the eleventh three-way valve, enters the first condenser for heating, and then flows through the fourth and fifth three-way valves into the upper part of the integrated heat and cold storage tank. This is the heat storage mode. Hot water, driven by the seventh water pump, flows from the upper part of the integrated heat and cold storage tank, passes through the seventh three-way valve, enters the second evaporator for cooling, and then flows back to the bottom of the integrated heat and cold storage tank through the eighth three-way valve. This is the heat release mode. Alternatively, cold water, driven by the fifth water pump, flows from the cold storage tank, passes through the eleventh three-way valve, enters the first condenser for heating, and then flows through the fourth and fifth three-way valves into the heat storage tank. This is the heat storage mode. Hot water, driven by the seventh water pump, flows from the heat storage tank, passes through the seventh three-way valve, enters the second evaporator for cooling, and then flows back to the cold storage tank through the eighth three-way valve. This is the heat release mode.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention combines the well cooling system and the ground heating system, and uses the condensation heat released by the chiller unit as the low-temperature heat source of the heating unit to transfer the heat from the well to the surface for heating. In particular, the cooling demand in summer is huge, and the large amount of condensation heat released by the chiller unit is directly used to meet the hot water demand of the ground buildings, reduce system energy loss, reduce the working load of the cooling tower, and save the energy consumption of the cooling tower operation.

[0017] (2) The present invention constructs a heating architecture of “dual heat source coupling”, which recovers the condensation heat generated in the cooling process and the waste heat of mine water in a coordinated manner as a composite low temperature heat source for the heating unit, so as to realize the timely replenishment of waste heat of mine water, smooth the fluctuation of waste heat of mine water, and enable the coal mine to meet the heating demand of ground buildings by starting the water source heat pump alone during the peak of winter heat demand, thus avoiding the problem of increased power consumption and frequent start-up and shutdown of equipment caused by the low efficiency of air source heat pump.

[0018] (3) This invention achieves the matching of seasonal demand and system energy supply mode. Combined with heat storage and release equipment, it enables the system to adjust the cooling capacity and heating capacity of the heat pump in real time according to the actual cold and heat load of the coal mine, ensuring the stability of energy supply, reducing the phenomenon of insufficient energy supply and energy waste, avoiding frequent start-up and shutdown of heat pump, and enabling the system to operate at a high energy efficiency ratio throughout the year and during the day, significantly improving the system's energy supply flexibility.

[0019] (4) The cooling and heating processes of the present invention both adopt electrically driven compression heat pumps, and use distributed photovoltaic and wind power generation in coal mines to power the system, directly replacing purchased electricity, saving operating costs, improving the level of new energy consumption, significantly increasing the proportion of green electricity in coal mines, reducing the overall carbon emissions of coal mines, and improving the flexibility and space utilization of heat pump space layout. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system (integrated heat and cold storage) based on multi-source waste heat synergy.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an overall diagram of a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy (heat storage and cold storage are separate).

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the summer operating conditions of a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the winter operation of a mine heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spring and autumn operating conditions of a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat storage and release operation of a mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Air cooler, 2. First water pump, 3. High and low pressure heat exchanger, 4. First three-way valve, 5. Mine water tank, 6. Second water pump, 7. Second three-way valve, 8. Third water pump, 9. Refrigeration unit, 10. Third three-way valve, 11. Plate heat exchanger, 12. Fourth three-way valve, 13. Refrigeration unit, 131. First evaporator, 132. First compressor, 133. First condenser, 134. First throttle valve, 14. Eleventh three-way valve, 15. Thirteenth three-way valve, 16. Fourth water pump, 17. Cooling tower, 18. Ninth 19. Three-way valve, 20. Sixth water pump, 21. Eighth three-way valve, 22. Heating unit, 211. Second evaporator, 212. Second throttle valve, 213. Condenser, 214. Second compressor, 22. Seventh three-way valve, 23. Sixth three-way valve, 24. Seventh three-way valve, 25. Eighth water pump, 26. Thirteenth three-way valve, 27. Low-temperature heat user, 28. High-temperature heat user, 29. Twelfth three-way valve, 30. Seventh water pump, 31. Integrated thermal and cold storage tank, 311. Thermal storage tank, 312. Cold storage tank, 32. Fifth water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a coal-fired heat pump system for mining areas based on multi-source waste heat synergy, comprising a surface section and an underground section.

[0029] The ground section consists of a refrigeration unit 13, a cold user 9, a plate heat exchanger 11, a heating unit 21, a high-temperature heat user 28, a low-temperature heat user 27, a cooling tower 17, and an integrated heat and cold storage tank 31. It is used for heat exchange and provides water at different temperatures to the cold user 9, the high-temperature heat user 28, and the low-temperature heat user 27 according to different needs.

[0030] The underground section consists of an air cooler 1, a high and low pressure heat exchanger 3, and a mine water tank 5, and is used for the extraction of underground heat sources.

[0031] The system integrates four different operating modes to adapt to different working conditions. By predicting the annual and daytime heating and cooling loads of the mining area, the system controls the opening and closing of valves and water pumps in real time, enabling it to flexibly switch to the appropriate operating mode, maximize the utilization of waste heat resources and green electricity, and improve system energy efficiency and the proportion of green electricity.

[0032] Example 2 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, unlike Example 1, in Example 2, the present invention provides a combined cooling and heating system for mining areas based on multi-source waste heat synergy: The refrigeration unit uses an electrically driven compression heat pump, including a first evaporator 131, a first compressor 132, a first condenser 133, and a first expansion valve 134. A first three-way valve 4 is installed between the inlet of the evaporator 131 and the tube-side outlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3. One inlet of the first three-way valve 4 is connected to the tube-side outlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3, and the other inlet is connected to the refrigeration user 9. The outlet of the first three-way valve 4 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator 131. The primary circulation return water from the tube-side outlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 and the primary circulation return water flowing out from the ground building are combined through the first three-way valve 4 and flow together towards the first evaporator 131. A second three-way valve 7 is installed between the outlet of the first evaporator 131 and the tube-side inlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3. The inlet of the second three-way valve 7 is connected to the water-side outlet of the first evaporator 131, one outlet of the second three-way valve 7 is connected to the tube-side inlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3, and the other outlet of the second three-way valve 7 is connected to the cold user 9, so that the primary circulating cold water can flow to the underground high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 or to the ground building to meet the cooling needs of the ground building. A second water pump 6 is installed on the primary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the primary circulating water. The refrigeration unit 13 can be composed of one heat pump or two or more heat pumps connected in series or in parallel.

[0033] A plate heat exchanger 11 is installed between the first condenser 133 and the mine water tank 5. A third three-way valve 10 is installed between the plate heat exchanger 11 and the mine water tank 5. The inlet of the third three-way valve 10 is connected to the outlet of the mine water tank 5. One outlet of the third three-way valve 10 is connected to the external environment, and the other outlet of the third three-way valve 10 is connected to the mine water side inlet of the plate heat exchanger 11, so that the mine water can flow to the plate heat exchanger 11 or be discharged directly. A third water pump 8 is installed between the mine water tank 5 and the third three-way valve 10 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the mine water.

[0034] Heating unit 21 is an electrically driven compression heat pump, including a second evaporator 211, a second compressor 214, a second condenser 213, and a second expansion valve 214. Heat users are divided into high-temperature heat users 28 and low-temperature heat users 27 according to their temperature. The second condenser 213 is connected to the heat users. A twelfth-way valve 29 is installed between the low-temperature heat user 27 and the second condenser 213. The inlet of the twelfth-way valve 29 is connected to the low-temperature heat user 27, and one outlet of the twelfth-way valve 29 is connected to the second condenser 213. The inlet of the heat pump 213 is connected to the high-temperature heat user 28 and the low-temperature heat user 27. A thirteenth three-way valve 26 is installed between the high-temperature heat user 28 and the low-temperature heat user 27. One inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve 26 is connected to the high-temperature heat user 28, and the outlet of the thirteenth three-way valve 26 is connected to the low-temperature heat user 27. An eighth water pump 25 is installed between the second condenser 213 and the high-temperature heat user 28 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the hot water. The heating unit 21 can be composed of one heat pump or two or more heat pumps connected in series or in parallel.

[0035] The high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The tube-side inlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator 131, the tube-side outlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator 131, the shell-side outlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected to the water-side inlet of the air cooler 1, and the shell-side inlet of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected to the water-side outlet of the air cooler 1. The hot air in the well enters the air cooler 1 and exchanges heat with the secondary circulating cold water to become cold air, which flows to each working face to reduce the temperature of each working face. The secondary circulating cold water exchanges heat and becomes secondary circulating return water, which re-enters the shell side of the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 to form a cycle. A first water pump 2 is installed on the secondary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the secondary circulating water.

[0036] A circulation loop exists between the refrigeration unit 13 and the heating unit 21. This loop is equipped with four three-way valves: 12 (fourth), 24 (fifth), 23 (sixth), 22 (seventh), 20 (eighth), 18 (ninth), 15 (tenth), and 14 (eleventh). One inlet of the fourth three-way valve 12 is connected to the outlet of the circulating cooling water of the plate heat exchanger 11; the other inlet is connected to the outlet of the first condenser 133; the outlet of the fourth three-way valve 12 is connected to one inlet of the second three-way valve 24; the outlet of the fifth three-way valve 24 is connected to the inlet of the sixth three-way valve 23; one outlet of the sixth three-way valve 23 is connected to the other inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve 26; the other outlet of the sixth three-way valve 23 is connected to one inlet of the seventh three-way valve 22; and the outlet of the seventh three-way valve 22 is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 211. The inlet of the eighth three-way valve 20 is connected to the outlet of the second evaporator 211. One outlet of the eighth three-way valve 20 is connected to the inlet of the ninth three-way valve 18. One outlet of the ninth three-way valve 18 is connected to one inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve 15. The other outlet of the ninth three-way valve 18 is connected to the water-side inlet of the plate heat exchanger 11. The outlet of the thirteenth three-way valve 15 is connected to one inlet of the eleventh three-way valve 14. The outlet of the eleventh three-way valve 14 is connected to the inlet of the first condenser 133. A sixth water pump 19 is installed in this circulation loop to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the circulating cooling water.

[0037] The inlet of cooling tower 17 is connected to another outlet of the 12th three-way valve 29, and the outlet of cooling tower 17 is connected to another inlet of the 13th three-way valve 15. A fourth water pump 16 is installed between cooling tower 17 and 13th three-way valve 15 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of circulating cooling water.

[0038] The lower cold water outlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 is connected to another inlet of the eleventh three-way valve 14. A fifth water pump 32 is installed between the lower cold water outlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 and the eleventh three-way valve 14 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the cold water. The lower cold water inlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 is connected to another outlet of the eighth three-way valve 20. The upper hot water inlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 is connected to another outlet of the fifth three-way valve 24. The upper hot water outlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 is connected to another inlet of the seventh three-way valve 22. A seventh water pump 30 is installed between the upper hot water outlet of the integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 and the seventh three-way valve 22 to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the hot water. The integrated thermal and cold storage tank 31 can be divided into two water tanks: a thermal storage tank 311 and a cold storage tank 312. The outlet of the cold storage tank 312 is connected to the other inlet of the eleventh three-way valve 14. A fifth water pump 32 is installed between the outlet of the cold storage tank 312 and the eleventh three-way valve 14 to regulate the flow and temperature of the cold water. The inlet of the cold storage tank 312 is connected to the other outlet of the eighth three-way valve 20. The inlet of the thermal storage tank 311 is connected to the other outlet of the fifth three-way valve 24. The outlet of the thermal storage tank 311 is connected to the other inlet of the seventh three-way valve 22. A seventh water pump 30 is installed between the outlet of the thermal storage tank 311 and the seventh three-way valve 22 to regulate the flow and temperature of the hot water.

[0039] Example 3 like Figure 3 As shown, this invention discloses a multi-source waste heat synergy-based mine heat pump combined cooling and heating method. When the heat load exceeds the cooling load (generally in summer), the temperature of the primary circulating return water drops from approximately 18°C ​​to approximately 3°C after passing through the first evaporator 131. A portion of the chilled water is directly supplied to surface buildings to meet their cooling needs; the other portion is transported underground through insulated pipes within the shaft, entering the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the secondary circulating return water. The primary circulating return water flowing from the surface cooling user 9 and the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 merges and flows into the first evaporator 131 for circulating cooling. After cooling, the secondary circulating return water becomes secondary circulating chilled water, which is pumped underground to the air coolers at each working face for cooling and dehumidifying the air. Afterward, the secondary circulating return water returns to the high-low pressure heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the primary circulating chilled water. Circulating cooling water at approximately 30-40°C from the cooling tower enters the condenser of the heat pump, absorbing condensation heat and rising to approximately 45-55°C. It then passes through the fourth three-way valve 12, the fifth three-way valve 24, the sixth three-way valve 23, and the thirteenth three-way valve 26 before entering the low-temperature heat user's water supply to meet the mining area's hot water needs. Due to the high cooling load in summer, the heat released by the heat pump condenser exceeds the heat load of the low-temperature heat user. Circulating water at 35-45°C flowing from the low-temperature heat user flows into the cooling tower 17 through the twelfth three-way valve 29, dissipating the remaining heat. Under this operating condition, the first water pump 2, the second water pump 6, and the fourth water pump 16 operate, while the remaining pumps do not operate.

[0040] Example 4 like Figure 4 As shown, this invention provides a multi-source waste heat synergy-based coal-fired power supply method for mine heat pumps. When the heat load exceeds the cooling load (generally in winter), the operation of the first evaporator 131 and the underground operation are consistent with the above. The circulating cooling water between the heat pumps is divided into two parts: one part flows to the plate heat exchanger to exchange heat with the mine water, raising its temperature to about 15-20°C; the other part enters the refrigeration heat pump condenser and is heated to about 25-30°C. The mine water flows out from the mine water tank at a temperature of about 20-25°C, passes through the third three-way valve, enters the plate heat exchanger to exchange heat with the circulating cooling water, and then exits from the outlet. The two heated parts of the circulating cooling water merge at the fourth three-way valve and then pass through the fifth, sixth, and seventh three-way valves to enter the second evaporator for cooling, reducing the temperature from about 20-22°C to about 10-15°C. The circulating cooling water flowing from the evaporator of the heat pump enters the first condenser through the eighth, ninth, thirteenth, and eleventh three-way valves to absorb condensation heat, forming a cycle. The heat pump extracts heat from the circulating cooling water and transfers it to the condenser side to heat the return water. The supplied hot water flows sequentially through high-temperature and low-temperature users to meet the building's heating needs and the well's antifreeze requirements. The return water flows back to the heat pump condenser through the twelfth three-way valve, forming a cycle. Under this operating condition, the first, second, third, sixth, and eighth water pumps are operational, while the remaining pumps are not.

[0041] Example 5 like Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a method for combined cooling and heating in a mining area using a multi-source waste heat synergy system. When the cooling and heating loads are comparable (generally in spring and autumn), the operation of the cooling heat pump evaporator and the underground operation are consistent with the above. Circulating cooling water enters the cooling heat pump evaporator to absorb condensation heat, and then passes through the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh three-way valves to enter the heating heat pump evaporator. The heating heat pump operates in accordance with winter conditions. Circulating cooling water flowing out of the heating heat pump evaporator passes through the eighth, ninth, thirteenth, and eleventh three-way valves to enter the cooling heat pump condenser, forming a cycle. Under this condition, the first, second, sixth, and eighth water pumps operate, while the remaining pumps do not operate.

[0042] Example 6 like Figure 6As shown, this invention provides a method for combined cooling and heating in a mining area using a multi-source waste heat synergy system. In the heat storage mode, cold water flows from the bottom of the integrated heat and cold storage tank, passes through the eleventh three-way valve, enters the condenser of the cooling heat pump to absorb condensation heat, and then flows into the upper part of the integrated heat and cold storage tank through the fourth and fifth three-way valves. During this process, the fifth water pump operates. In the heat release mode, hot water flows from the upper part of the integrated heat and cold storage tank, passes through the seventh three-way valve, enters the evaporator of the heating heat pump as its low-temperature heat source, is cooled to cold water, and then flows into the lower part of the integrated heat and cold storage tank through the eighth three-way valve. During this process, the seventh water pump operates. Alternatively, cold water, driven by the fifth water pump, flows from the cold storage tank, passes through the eleventh three-way valve to the first condenser for heating, and then flows into the heat storage tank through the fourth and fifth three-way valves; hot water, driven by the seventh water pump, flows from the heat storage tank, passes through the seventh three-way valve to the second evaporator for cooling, and then flows back to the cold storage tank through the eighth three-way valve. The heat storage and release mode participates in the system operation throughout the year. By storing excess heat and applying it to periods of insufficient heating, it supplements the condensing heat of the chiller unit and the waste heat of the mine water, achieving "peak shaving and valley filling" and enabling the system to maintain stable and high energy efficiency operation.

Claims

1. A coal-fired heat pump system for mining areas based on multi-source waste heat synergy, characterized in that, It includes a surface section and an underground section; the surface section consists of a refrigeration unit (13), a cold user (9), a plate heat exchanger (11), a heating unit (21), a high-temperature heat user (28), a low-temperature heat user (27), a cooling tower (17), and a heat and cold storage integrated tank (31), which is used for heat exchange and provides water at different temperatures to the cold user (9), the high-temperature heat user (28), and the low-temperature heat user (27) according to different needs; the underground section consists of an air cooler (1), a high and low pressure heat exchanger (3), and a mine water tank (5), which is used for the extraction of underground heat sources.

2. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit adopts an electrically driven compression heat pump, including a first evaporator (131), a first compressor (132), a first condenser (133), and a first throttle valve (134). A first three-way valve (4) is installed between the inlet of the evaporator (131) of the first refrigeration unit and the pipe-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3). One inlet of the first three-way valve (4) is connected to the pipe-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3), and the other inlet of the first three-way valve (4) is connected to the refrigeration user (9). The outlet of the first three-way valve (4) is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator (131). The primary circulation return water from the pipe-side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) and the primary circulation return water flowing out from the ground building are combined through the first three-way valve (4) and flow together towards the first evaporator. A second three-way valve (7) is installed between the water inlet of the evaporator (131), the water outlet of the first evaporator (131), and the pipe-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3). The water inlet of the second three-way valve (7) is connected to the water-side outlet of the first evaporator (131). One outlet of the second three-way valve (7) is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3), and the other outlet of the second three-way valve (7) is connected to the cold user (9), so that the primary circulating cold water can flow to the underground high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) or to the ground building to meet the cooling needs of the ground building. A second water pump (6) is installed on the primary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the primary circulating water. The refrigeration unit (13) can be composed of one heat pump or two or more heat pumps connected in series or in parallel.

3. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The plate heat exchanger (11) is set between the first condenser (133) and the mine water tank (5). A third three-way valve (10) is set between the plate heat exchanger (11) and the mine water tank (5). The inlet of the third three-way valve (10) is connected to the outlet of the mine water tank (5). One outlet of the third three-way valve (10) is connected to the external environment, and the other outlet of the third three-way valve (10) is connected to the mine water side inlet of the plate heat exchanger (11), so that the mine water can flow to the plate heat exchanger (11) or be discharged directly. A third water pump (8) is set between the mine water tank (5) and the third three-way valve (10) to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the mine water.

4. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The heating unit (21) is an electrically driven compression heat pump, including a second evaporator (211), a second compressor (214), a second condenser (213), and a second throttle valve (214). Heat users are divided into high-temperature heat users (28) and low-temperature heat users (27) according to their temperature. The second condenser (213) is connected to the heat user. A twelfth three-way valve (29) is installed between the low-temperature heat user (27) and the second condenser (213). The inlet of the twelfth three-way valve (29) is connected to the low-temperature heat user (27), and one outlet of the twelfth three-way valve (29) is connected to the first... The inlets of the two condensers (213) are connected. A thirteenth three-way valve (26) is set between the high-temperature heat user (28) and the low-temperature heat user (27). One inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve (26) is connected to the high-temperature heat user (28), and the outlet of the thirteenth three-way valve (26) is connected to the low-temperature heat user (27). An eighth water pump (25) is set between the second condenser (213) and the high-temperature heat user (28) to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the hot water. The heating unit (21) can be composed of one heat pump or two or more heat pumps connected in series or in parallel.

5. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The tube side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) is connected to the outlet of the first evaporator (131), the tube side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator (131), the shell side outlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) is connected to the water side inlet of the air cooler (1), and the shell side inlet of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) is connected to the water side outlet of the air cooler (1). The hot air in the well enters the air cooler (1) and exchanges heat with the secondary circulating cold water to become cold air, which flows to each working face to reduce the temperature of each working face. The secondary circulating cold water exchanges heat and becomes secondary circulating return water, which re-enters the shell side of the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3) to form a cycle. A first water pump (2) is installed on the secondary circulating water line to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the secondary circulating water.

6. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in claim 5, characterized in that, There is a circulation loop between the refrigeration unit (13) and the heating unit (21). This circulation loop is equipped with a fourth three-way valve (12), a fifth three-way valve (24), a sixth three-way valve (23), a seventh three-way valve (22), an eighth three-way valve (20), a ninth three-way valve (18), a tenth three-way valve (15), and an eleventh three-way valve (14). One inlet of the fourth three-way valve (12) is connected to the circulating cooling water outlet of the plate heat exchanger (11), and the other inlet of the fourth three-way valve (12) is connected to the outlet of the first condenser (133). The outlet of the fourth three-way valve (12) is connected to one inlet of the second three-way valve (24). The outlet of the fifth three-way valve (24) is connected to the inlet of the sixth three-way valve (23). One outlet of the sixth three-way valve (23) is connected to the other inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve (26). The other outlet of the six three-way valve (23) is connected to one inlet of the seven three-way valve (22). The outlet of the seven three-way valve (22) is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator (211). The inlet of the eight three-way valve (20) is connected to the outlet of the second evaporator (211). One outlet of the eight three-way valve (20) is connected to the inlet of the ninth three-way valve (18). One outlet of the ninth three-way valve (18) is connected to one inlet of the thirteenth three-way valve (15). The other outlet of the ninth three-way valve (18) is connected to the water-side inlet of the plate heat exchanger (11). The outlet of the thirteenth three-way valve (15) is connected to one inlet of the eleventh three-way valve (14). The outlet of the eleventh three-way valve (14) is connected to the inlet of the first condenser (133). A sixth water pump (19) is set on this loop to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the circulating cooling water.

7. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inlet of the cooling tower (17) is connected to the other outlet of the 12th three-way valve (29), and the outlet of the cooling tower (17) is connected to the other inlet of the 13th three-way valve (15). A fourth water pump (16) is installed between the cooling tower (17) and the 13th three-way valve (15) to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the circulating cooling water.

8. The mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower cold water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) is connected to the other inlet of the eleventh three-way valve (14). A fifth water pump (32) is installed between the lower cold water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) and the eleventh three-way valve (14) to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the cold water. The lower cold water inlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) is connected to the other outlet of the eighth three-way valve (20). The upper hot water inlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) is connected to the other outlet of the fifth three-way valve (24). The upper hot water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) is connected to the other inlet of the seventh three-way valve (22). A seventh water pump (30) is installed between the upper hot water outlet of the integrated heat and cold storage tank (31) and the seventh three-way valve (22) to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the hot water. The integrated hot and cold storage tank (31) can be divided into two water tanks, namely the hot storage tank (311) and the cold storage tank (312). The outlet of the cold storage tank (312) is connected to the other inlet of the eleventh three-way valve (14). A fifth water pump (32) is installed between the outlet of the cold storage tank (312) and the eleventh three-way valve (14) to regulate the flow and temperature of the cold water. The inlet of the cold storage tank (312) is connected to the other outlet of the eighth three-way valve (20). The inlet of the hot storage tank (311) is connected to the other outlet of the fifth three-way valve (24). The outlet of the hot storage tank (311) is connected to the other inlet of the seventh three-way valve (22). A seventh water pump (30) is installed between the outlet of the hot storage tank (311) and the seventh three-way valve (22) to regulate the flow and temperature of the hot water.

9. The method of using the mining area heat pump combined cooling and heating system based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the other proof is that... When the cooling load is greater than the heating load, the primary circulating chilled water flows out from the first evaporator (131) and, driven by the second water pump (6), flows through the second three-way valve (7) to the surface cold user (9) and the underground high and low pressure heat exchanger (3), respectively. After cooling the secondary circulating return water in the high and low pressure heat exchanger (3), the primary circulating chilled water merges with the primary circulating return water from the surface cold user (9) through the first three-way valve (4) and flows into the first evaporator (131). Driven by the first water pump (2), the secondary circulating chilled water enters the air cooler. (1) Cooling the air in the well; the circulating cooling water flows out of the cooling tower (17) driven by the fourth water pump (16), passes through the thirteenth valve (15) and the eleventh three-way valve (14) to enter the first condenser (133) to absorb the condensation heat, and then passes through the fourth three-way valve (12), the fifth three-way valve (24), the sixth three-way valve (23) and the thirteenth three-way valve (26) to enter the low-temperature heat user (27). The circulating cooling water flowing out of the low-temperature heat user (27) flows back to the cooling tower (17) through the twelfth three-way valve (29) to dissipate heat.

10. The method for combined cooling and heating in a mining area based on multi-source waste heat synergy as described in claim 9, characterized in that: When the heat load exceeds the cooling load, the mine water is drawn from the mine water tank (5) by the third water pump (8) and enters the plate heat exchanger (11) through the third three-way valve (10); the circulating cooling water is driven by the sixth water pump (19) and flows through the ninth three-way valve (18) to the thirteenth three-way valve (15) and the plate heat exchanger (11) respectively. A portion of the circulating cooling water enters the first condenser (133) through the thirteenth three-way valve (15) and the eleventh three-way valve (14) to absorb condensation heat, and another portion of the circulating cooling water enters the plate heat exchanger (11) to absorb the waste heat of the mine water. The two portions of circulating cooling water The water flows together at the fourth three-way valve (12) and then through the fifth three-way valve (24), the sixth three-way valve (23), and the seventh three-way valve (22) into the second evaporator (211); the cooled circulating cooling water flows through the eighth three-way valve (20) into the ninth three-way valve (18) to form a cycle; the heating return water is driven by the eighth water pump (25) and enters the second condenser (213) to be heated into hot water, and then flows through the thirteenth three-way valve (26) to pass through the high-temperature heat user (28) and the low-temperature heat user (27) in sequence, and then through the twelfth three-way valve (29) into the second condenser (213) to form a cycle; When the heating and cooling loads are matched, the circulating cooling water, driven by the sixth water pump (19), enters the first condenser (133) through the ninth three-way valve (18), the tenth three-way valve (15), and the eleventh three-way valve (14) to absorb the condensation heat, and then enters the second evaporator (211) through the fourth three-way valve (12), the fifth three-way valve (24), the sixth three-way valve (23), and the seventh three-way valve (22); the cooled circulating cooling water enters the ninth three-way valve (18) through the eighth three-way valve (20), forming a cycle; When in heat storage and release mode, cold water flows out from the bottom of the integrated heat storage and cold storage tank (31) driven by the fifth water pump (32), enters the first condenser (133) for heating through the eleventh three-way valve (14), and then flows into the upper part of the integrated heat storage and cold storage tank (31) through the fourth three-way valve (12) and the fifth three-way valve (24). This is the heat storage mode. Hot water flows out from the upper part of the integrated heat storage and cold storage tank (31) driven by the seventh water pump (30), enters the second evaporator (211) for cooling through the seventh three-way valve (22), and then flows back to the integrated heat storage and cold storage tank through the eighth three-way valve (20). (31) The lower part is the heat release condition; or, cold water flows out of the cold storage tank (312) under the drive of the fifth water pump (32), enters the first condenser (133) for heating through the eleventh three-way valve (14), and then flows into the heat storage tank (311) through the fourth three-way valve (12) and the fifth three-way valve (24). This is the heat storage mode; hot water flows out of the heat storage tank (311) under the drive of the seventh water pump (30), enters the second evaporator (211) for cooling through the seventh three-way valve (22), and then flows back to the cold storage tank (31) through the eighth three-way valve (20). This is the heat release condition.

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