Condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environment and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a condenser structure suitable for a low-temperature environment and a control method, and the condenser structure comprises a condenser box body, an air inlet is formed in one side face of the condenser box body, and an air outlet is formed in the other side face of the condenser box body; the condensing coil is arranged in the condenser box body and is used for exchanging heat with air flowing through the surface of the condensing coil; the condensing fan is arranged on the condenser box body and is used for driving air to flow in from the air inlet and to be discharged from the air outlet after passing through the condensing coil; the adjustable air volume adjusting device is arranged at the inlet and outlet and used for adjusting the effective ventilation area passing through the air inlet so as to restrain sudden drop of condensation pressure in the low-temperature environment. Thus, the air inlet amount is adjusted through the adjustable air amount adjusting device, the problem that the condensation pressure is suddenly reduced in the low-temperature environment can be effectively solved, and the air conditioner is suitable for achieving stable operation in cold or extremely-low-temperature areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of refrigeration and air conditioning, in particular to a condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environment and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Air-cooled refrigeration units are widely used in data centers, communication base stations, commercial buildings and industrial facilities due to their compact structure, flexible installation and no need for cooling water systems. The core component of such units is the outdoor condenser, which works by driving ambient air through the condensing coil with a condensing fan to condense high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into liquid, thereby achieving heat dissipation to the environment. In normal or high-temperature working conditions, this heat exchange process is stable and efficient, and the system runs reliably.

[0003] However, in cold or extremely low-temperature environments (such as winter in northern China, high-altitude or high-latitude areas), existing air-cooled refrigeration units face significant technical challenges. When the ambient temperature is low, once the condensing fan starts, a large amount of low-temperature air quickly flows through the condensing coil, causing the refrigerant heat to be excessively and rapidly removed, thereby causing the condensing pressure to drop sharply. More seriously, in extremely cold conditions, even if the condensing fan is in a shutdown state, outdoor cold air can still pass through the condenser fins and coil through natural convection, continuously removing heat, also causing the condensing pressure to abnormally decrease.

[0004] Condensing pressure is a key parameter for maintaining the stable operation of the refrigeration cycle. Its abnormal sharp drop will directly disrupt the system's thermal balance, causing a series of operational risks: first, the compressor will have difficulty returning oil due to insufficient pressure difference, and long-term operation will exacerbate mechanical wear and even cause cylinder seizure; second, the electronic expansion valve and other throttling devices rely on stable high and low pressure differences for precise flow control, and pressure fluctuations can cause them to lose control, affecting the stability of the evaporator liquid supply; most seriously, the system's low-pressure protection mechanism is triggered, causing unplanned shutdown, which seriously affects the start-up performance and continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0005] Currently, the main response measures in the industry to this problem include adjusting the air volume with a variable frequency fan, indirectly intervening in the condensing pressure through compressor unloading or bypass control. However, these solutions generally have high costs, complex control logic, and delayed responses, especially in the case of instantaneous condensing pressure drop, making it difficult to achieve rapid and effective suppression.

[0006] Therefore, how to design a new type of condenser structure that is simple in structure, low in cost, fast in response and does not affect the performance in normal temperature conditions is a technical problem that technicians in the field need to solve. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present application provides a condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environment and a control method. The condenser structure of the present application can effectively alleviate the problem of condensing pressure drop in low-temperature environment through specific structural design, and is suitable for stable operation in cold or extremely low-temperature areas.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environment, comprising:

[0009] a condenser box, one side of which is provided with an air inlet, and the other side is provided with an air outlet;

[0010] a condensing coil, which is arranged inside the condenser box and is used for heat exchange with air flowing through the surface thereof;

[0011] a condensing fan, which is arranged on the condenser box and is used for driving air to flow into the condenser box from the air inlet, pass through the condensing coil, and then be discharged from the air outlet;

[0012] an adjustable air volume adjusting device arranged at the air inlet, which is used for adjusting the effective ventilation area of the air inlet to inhibit condensing pressure drop in low-temperature environment.

[0013] In this way, the adjustable air volume adjusting device can effectively alleviate the problem of condensing pressure drop in low-temperature environment, and is suitable for stable operation in cold or extremely low-temperature areas.

[0014] As a possible implementation manner, the adjustable air volume adjusting device comprises:

[0015] a roller blind arranged at the air inlet;

[0016] a roller shaft horizontally arranged at the top of the condenser box, one end of the roller blind being wound on the roller shaft;

[0017] lugs arranged at both ends of the roller shaft, the roller shaft being rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser box through the lugs;

[0018] an electric actuator mounted on the condenser box, an output end of the electric actuator being connected to the roller shaft, the electric actuator being used for driving the roller shaft to rotate, thereby driving the roller blind to rise and fall to adjust the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

[0019] Thus, in the present application, when the ambient temperature is low, the rotation of the reel is driven by the electric actuator to lower the roller blind to block part or all of the air inlet, thereby reducing the amount of cold air entering to avoid the condensing pressure being too low. This structure realizes the regulation of the air intake, especially suitable for use in cold regions. Compared with indirect regulation means such as relying on variable frequency fan or compressor unloading, the present application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, physically throttles at the air inlet, which can quickly reduce the air intake within a few seconds and has a strong inhibitory ability to the instantaneous fluctuation of the condensing pressure.

[0020] As a possible implementation, the adjustable air volume regulating device comprises:

[0021] A sealing plate is arranged at the air inlet;

[0022] A turnover shaft is horizontally arranged at the top of the condenser box, and one end of the sealing plate is fixedly connected with the turnover shaft;

[0023] Lifting lugs are arranged at both ends of the turnover shaft to rotatably connect the turnover shaft to the side wall of the condenser box;

[0024] An electric actuator is installed on the condenser box, and the output end of the electric actuator is connected with the turnover shaft to drive the rotation of the turnover shaft, thereby driving the turnover of the sealing plate to regulate the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

[0025] Thus, in the present application, when the ambient temperature is low, the rotation of the reel is driven by the electric actuator to lower the roller blind to block part or all of the air inlet, thereby reducing the amount of cold air entering to avoid the condensing pressure being too low. This structure realizes the regulation of the air intake, especially suitable for use in cold regions. Compared with indirect regulation means such as relying on variable frequency fan or compressor unloading, the present application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, physically throttles at the air inlet, which can quickly reduce the air intake within a few seconds and has a strong inhibitory ability to the instantaneous fluctuation of the condensing pressure.

[0026] As a possible implementation, the adjustable air volume regulating device comprises:

[0027] The air volume regulating mechanism comprises a sealing plate and a hinge, the sealing plate is arranged at the air inlet and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser box through the hinge, so that the sealing plate can be manually turned around the hinge to regulate the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

[0028] Thus, in this application, when the ambient temperature is low, the operator can manually flip the sealing plate to block part or all of the air inlet, reducing the amount of cold air entering and thus preventing excessively low condensing pressure. This structure achieves control over the air intake volume, making it particularly suitable for use in cold regions. Furthermore, compared to indirect control methods such as relying on variable frequency fans or compressor unloading, this application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, implements physical throttling at the air inlet, which can rapidly reduce the air intake volume within seconds, and has a very strong ability to suppress instantaneous fluctuations in condensing pressure.

[0029] As one possible implementation, the air volume regulating mechanism is provided in two parts, including a first air volume regulating mechanism and a second air volume regulating mechanism;

[0030] The sealing plate of the first air volume regulating mechanism is located at the upper part of the air inlet, and the sealing plate of the second air volume regulating mechanism is located at the lower part of the air inlet.

[0031] In this way, by dividing the air inlet into two independently operable areas, users can selectively block the upper or lower air inlet area according to actual operating conditions (such as wind direction, snow cover, local frost, etc.). For example, in cold environments with cold air backflow from the ground, the lower sealing plate can be closed first to block low-temperature backflow, while the upper ventilation is retained, thus balancing antifreeze and heat exchange requirements. In addition, the upper and lower sealing plates are smaller and lighter, reducing the operating torque required for manual flipping, which is especially suitable for large condensers. This avoids the problem of difficulty in opening and closing due to the weight of a single large sealing plate, improving on-site operation convenience and safety.

[0032] As one possible implementation, the sealing plate is a single flat plate or a louvered sealing plate composed of multiple interconnected plates.

[0033] Thus, this application provides two structural forms: a single flat plate and a louvered sealing plate, which enhances the condenser's protection capabilities in extreme environments and improves the condenser's practicality in diverse application scenarios.

[0034] As one possible implementation, the adjustable airflow regulating device includes:

[0035] An air valve is installed at the air inlet to adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0036] Thus, this application proposes for the first time to directly integrate the air valve into the air inlet of the condenser housing, thereby actively reducing the air intake at low temperatures by throttling at the source, which effectively suppresses abnormal drops in condensing pressure, without requiring modifications to the refrigeration system piping or the addition of complex auxiliary equipment.

[0037] As one possible implementation, the air valve is a multi-leaf opposing regulating valve, an electric louver, or other type of adjustable air valve.

[0038] Thus, by adopting adjustable air valves such as multi-leaf opposing regulating valves and electric louvers, this application solves the core problem of condensation pressure runaway in low-temperature environments, and provides a practical and feasible technical solution for the reliable and efficient operation of air-cooled refrigeration equipment under complex climatic conditions.

[0039] As one possible implementation, it also includes:

[0040] A temperature sensor is installed inside the condenser housing to collect ambient temperature data.

[0041] A pressure sensor is installed on the needle valve of the condenser manifold inside the condenser housing to collect condensing pressure.

[0042] The controller is located on the condenser housing;

[0043] The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, respectively.

[0044] Thus, by integrating temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and a local controller into the condenser body, this application constructs an intelligent control unit that integrates sensing, decision-making, and execution, enabling rapid and accurate response to low-temperature risks.

[0045] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a condenser control method suitable for low-temperature environments, applied to the condenser structure described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0046] Acquire ambient temperature signals from a temperature sensor and condensation pressure signals from a pressure sensor;

[0047] Based on the ambient temperature signal and / or the condensation pressure signal, the controller executes at least one of the following control modes:

[0048] Temperature trigger mode: When the ambient temperature is lower than the first set threshold, the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet is reduced; wherein, the reduction ratio of the effective ventilation area increases as the ambient temperature decreases; when the ambient temperature is higher than the second set threshold, the air inlet is fully opened.

[0049] Pressure feedback mode: When the rate of decrease of condensing pressure exceeds a preset limit, or when the absolute value of the condensing pressure is lower than a safety threshold, the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet is reduced.

[0050] Composite control mode: The temperature trigger mode is used as the coarse adjustment reference, and the pressure feedback mode is used as the fine adjustment or emergency intervention means to coordinately adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0051] Thus, the temperature-triggered mode, acting as feedforward control, proactively reduces the intake air volume before the ambient temperature causes pressure anomalies, playing a preventative regulatory role. The pressure feedback mode, acting as closed-loop control, intervenes urgently when the condensing pressure drops rapidly or falls below the safety limit, preventing the system from triggering low-pressure protection shutdown. The combination of these two modes forms a complete protection mechanism of "early warning and real-time response," significantly reducing the failure rate during winter operation. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the first condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the second type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the third type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application with the sealing plate fully open;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the third type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application, with the sealing plate fully closed.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the third type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application, showing two partially open sealing plates;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the third type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application, with both sealing plates completely closed;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the fourth type of condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a condenser control method suitable for low-temperature environments provided in this application.

[0060] It should be understood that the dimensions and shapes of the blocks in the above structural diagrams are for reference only and should not constitute an exclusive interpretation of the embodiments of the present invention. The relative positions and inclusion relationships between the blocks presented in the structural diagrams are only schematic representations of the structural relationships between the blocks, and are not intended to limit the physical connection methods of the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions provided in this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the system architecture and business scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application are mainly for illustrating possible implementations of the technical solutions of this application and should not be construed as the sole limitation on the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions provided in this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems as system architectures evolve and new business scenarios emerge.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0063] This application provides a condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes:

[0064] The condenser housing 1 has an air inlet on one side and an air outlet on the other side.

[0065] A condenser coil is installed inside the condenser housing 1 and is used to exchange heat with the air flowing over its surface.

[0066] A condenser fan 2 is installed on the condenser housing 1 and is used to drive air to flow in from the air inlet, pass through the condenser coil, and then be discharged from the air outlet.

[0067] An adjustable airflow regulating device is installed at the air inlet to adjust the effective ventilation area through the air inlet in order to suppress a sudden drop in condensation pressure in low-temperature environments.

[0068] Thus, by setting an adjustable air volume regulating device, this application can effectively alleviate the problem of sudden drop in condensation pressure under low temperature conditions, and is suitable for stable operation in cold or extremely low temperature regions.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the adjustable air volume regulating device includes:

[0070] Roller blind 3 is installed at the air inlet;

[0071] A roller 4 is horizontally positioned at the top of the condenser housing 1, and one end of the roller curtain 3 is wound around the roller 4;

[0072] Lifting lugs 5 are provided at both ends of the roller 4, and the roller 4 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser housing 1;

[0073] An electric actuator 6 is installed on the condenser housing 1, and its output end is connected to the roller 4 to drive the roller 4 to rotate, thereby driving the roller curtain 3 to rise and fall to adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0074] Thus, in this application, when the ambient temperature is low, an electric actuator drives the roller to rotate, causing the roller shutter to descend and block part or all of the air inlet, reducing the amount of cold air entering and thus preventing excessively low condensing pressure. This structure achieves control over the air intake volume and is particularly suitable for use in cold regions. Furthermore, compared to indirect control methods such as relying on variable frequency fans or compressor unloading, this application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, implements physical throttling at the air inlet, which can rapidly reduce the air intake volume within seconds and has a strong ability to suppress instantaneous fluctuations in condensing pressure.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable air volume regulating device includes:

[0076] Sealing plate 7 is installed at the air inlet;

[0077] A rotating shaft 8 is horizontally positioned at the top of the condenser housing 1, and one end of the sealing plate 7 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 8;

[0078] Lifting lugs 5 are provided at both ends of the flip shaft 8, and the flip shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser housing 1;

[0079] An electric actuator 6 is installed on the condenser housing 1, and its output end is connected to the flip shaft 8 to drive the flip shaft 8 to rotate, thereby causing the sealing plate 7 to flip to adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0080] Thus, in this application, when the ambient temperature is low, an electric actuator drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the sealing plate to rotate downwards to block part or all of the air inlet, reducing the amount of cold air entering and thus preventing excessively low condensing pressure. This structure achieves control over the air intake volume and is particularly suitable for use in cold regions. Furthermore, compared to indirect control methods such as relying on variable frequency fans or compressor unloading, this application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, implements physical throttling at the air inlet, which can rapidly reduce the air intake volume within seconds and has a strong ability to suppress instantaneous fluctuations in condensing pressure.

[0081] It should be emphasized that, under normal or high temperature conditions, the sealing plate can be completely flipped back to the top of the condenser housing, thus introducing no additional air resistance; in contrast, even when the traditional air valve is fully open, its blades and frame will still bring continuous parasitic resistance.

[0082] In some embodiments, such asFigure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable air volume regulating device includes:

[0083] The air volume adjustment mechanism includes a sealing plate 7 and a hinge 9. The sealing plate 7 is disposed at the air inlet and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser housing 1 via the hinge 9, so that the sealing plate 7 can be manually rotated around the hinge 9 to adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0084] Thus, in this application, when the ambient temperature is low, the operator can manually flip the sealing plate to block part or all of the air inlet, reducing the amount of cold air entering and thus preventing excessively low condensing pressure. This structure achieves control over the air intake volume, making it particularly suitable for use in cold regions. Furthermore, compared to indirect control methods such as relying on variable frequency fans or compressor unloading, this application directly "physically blocks" the air inlet, that is, implements physical throttling at the air inlet, which can rapidly reduce the air intake volume within seconds, and has a very strong ability to suppress instantaneous fluctuations in condensing pressure.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, there are two air volume regulating mechanisms, including a first air volume regulating mechanism and a second air volume regulating mechanism;

[0086] The sealing plate of the first air volume regulating mechanism is located at the upper part of the air inlet, and the sealing plate of the second air volume regulating mechanism is located at the lower part of the air inlet.

[0087] It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of air volume regulating mechanisms may be three, four or more, and they may be distributed in multiple areas such as the upper part, lower part, left side, and right side of the air inlet to achieve multi-zone and fine air volume regulation. The specific number and arrangement can be flexibly designed according to the actual working conditions and structural space. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard to meet the needs of different scenarios.

[0088] In this way, by dividing the air inlet into two independently operable areas, users can selectively block the upper or lower air inlet area according to actual operating conditions (such as wind direction, snow cover, local frost, etc.). For example, in cold environments with cold air backflow from the ground, the lower sealing plate can be closed first to block low-temperature backflow, while the upper ventilation is retained, thus balancing antifreeze and heat exchange requirements. In addition, the upper and lower sealing plates are smaller and lighter, reducing the operating torque required for manual flipping, which is especially suitable for large condensers. This avoids the problem of difficulty in opening and closing due to the weight of a single large sealing plate, improving on-site operation convenience and safety.

[0089] In some embodiments, the sealing plate 7 is a single flat plate or a louvered sealing plate composed of multiple interconnected plates.

[0090] Specifically, in dusty, snowy, or high-humidity environments, a single flat panel can achieve complete sealing, providing stronger physical insulation; while in outdoor scenarios with complex or variable wind directions, the louvered structure can optimize the air intake direction by adjusting the blade angle, reducing the interference of adverse environmental factors on system operation.

[0091] Thus, this application provides two structural forms: a single flat plate and a louvered sealing plate, which enhances the condenser's protection capabilities in extreme environments and improves the condenser's practicality in diverse application scenarios.

[0092] To clarify, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this application includes an airflow regulating mechanism at the air inlet of the condenser housing 1, which consists of a rotatable sealing plate 7. Wherein, Figure 3 The diagram shows the sealing plate in the fully open position. At this time, the sealing plate has been completely flipped to a position away from the air inlet, and the airflow channel is unobstructed. Figure 4 The indicator shows the sealing plate in the fully closed state, covering the air inlet and effectively preventing outside air from entering. In practical applications, the sealing plate can be manually driven to rotate continuously from the fully closed position to the fully open position, and can stop at any angle in between, thereby achieving continuous or stepped adjustment of the air intake volume.

[0093] Similarly, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this application provides two airflow regulating mechanisms at the air inlet of the condenser housing 1, each mechanism consisting of a rotatable sealing plate 7. Among them, Figure 5 This indicates that the sealing plate is in a semi-open state, allowing some air to enter; Figure 6 The indicator shows the sealing plate in the fully closed state, covering the air inlet and effectively preventing outside air from entering. In practical applications, the two sealing plates can be manually driven to rotate continuously from the fully closed position to the fully open position, and can stop at any angle between the two, thereby achieving continuous or stepped adjustment of the air intake volume.

[0094] In addition, the sealing plate 7 can be designed proportionally according to the required shading area, such as 1 / 2 plate, 1 / 4 plate, etc., so as to flexibly adjust the effective ventilation area and improve the design flexibility.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the adjustable air volume regulating device includes:

[0096] Air valve 10 is installed at the air inlet and is used to adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0097] It is worth mentioning that the air valve 10 can continuously or in stages change the effective opening area of ​​the air intake channel by adjusting the opening and closing angle of its blades, thereby achieving precise control of the cooling air volume entering the condenser.

[0098] Thus, this application proposes for the first time to directly integrate the air valve into the air inlet of the condenser housing, thereby actively reducing the air intake at low temperatures by throttling at the source, which effectively suppresses abnormal drops in condensing pressure, without requiring modifications to the refrigeration system piping or the addition of complex auxiliary equipment.

[0099] In some embodiments, the air valve 10 is a multi-leaf opposing regulating valve, an electric louver, or other types of adjustable air valve.

[0100] Specifically, a multi-leaf opposing control valve has multiple parallel blades with adjacent blades rotating in opposite directions, maintaining symmetrical expansion of the airflow passage during opening. It is suitable for applications requiring continuous and stable fine-tuning of condensing pressure.

[0101] The motorized louvers consist of multiple blades that can be independently or in conjunction with each other, and are equipped with low-power electric actuators for flexible opening and closing and rapid response. In addition, the louver structure forms multiple barriers when closed, providing excellent dustproof, snowproof, and rainproof performance, making it particularly suitable for outdoor environments with heavy dust, frequent snow accumulation, or high humidity.

[0102] Thus, by adopting adjustable air valves such as multi-leaf opposing regulating valves and electric louvers, this application solves the core problem of condensation pressure runaway in low-temperature environments, and provides a practical and feasible technical solution for the reliable and efficient operation of air-cooled refrigeration equipment under complex climatic conditions.

[0103] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0104] A temperature sensor is installed inside the condenser housing 1 to collect ambient temperature data.

[0105] A pressure sensor is installed on the needle valve of the condenser manifold inside the condenser housing 1 to collect condensation pressure.

[0106] The controller is located on the condenser housing 1;

[0107] The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, respectively.

[0108] Thus, by integrating temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and a local controller into the condenser body, this application constructs an intelligent control unit that integrates sensing, decision-making, and execution, enabling rapid and accurate response to low-temperature risks.

[0109] In some embodiments, the condenser structure is applied to an air-cooled refrigeration unit, an outdoor air conditioning unit, or an independent condensing unit.

[0110] Thus, the condenser structure of this application adopts a modular design, which is simple in structure and low in cost. It does not depend on a specific host architecture and can be seamlessly integrated into the outdoor unit of commercial / industrial air-cooled chillers, multi-split or split air conditioners, as well as independently operating condenser units. No structural modifications to the original model are required, which significantly improves the universality of the technical solution.

[0111] The working principle of a condenser structure suitable for low-temperature environments described in this application will be described below in conjunction with the above structural description.

[0112] As mentioned above, this application proposes four representative technical solutions to address the problem of abnormally low condensation pressure under low-temperature conditions.

[0113] Option 1: Use an electric roller shutter type airflow adjustment mechanism. One end of the roller shutter is wound around a roller shaft located at the top of the condenser housing. The roller shaft is driven to rotate by an electric actuator, thereby raising and lowering the roller shutter to block or expose the air inlet and continuously adjust the effective ventilation area.

[0114] The second option is to use an electrically operated tilting air intake plate mechanism. The air intake plate is rotatably connected to the top of the housing via a tilting shaft. An electric actuator drives the tilting shaft to rotate, causing the air intake plate to tilt around the shaft, thus achieving controllable adjustment of the air intake opening.

[0115] The third option is a manually hinged sealing plate structure. The sealing plate is hinged to the side wall of the condenser housing. Operators can manually flip the sealing plate according to the season or ambient temperature to partially or completely close the air inlet. This is suitable for low-cost scenarios or scenarios that do not require automatic control.

[0116] The fourth option is to use an adjustable damper (such as a multi-leaf adjustable damper or an electric louver) as the airflow regulation mechanism. The damper is installed directly at the air inlet, and the blade opening is adjusted by an electric actuator to precisely control the airflow, while also having good sealing performance and environmental adaptability.

[0117] In any of the above solutions, the effective air intake area or air volume of the condenser is adjusted by physical means to moderately reduce the heat exchange intensity on the air side under low temperature conditions, thereby effectively suppressing the abnormal drop in condensing pressure caused by excessive cooling, and thus ensuring that the refrigeration system can achieve stable, reliable and continuous operation in a wide range of ambient temperatures, especially in cold or extreme low temperature conditions.

[0118] This application also provides a condenser control method suitable for low-temperature environments, applied to the condenser structure described above, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes:

[0119] Acquire ambient temperature signals from a temperature sensor and condensation pressure signals from a pressure sensor;

[0120] Based on the ambient temperature signal and / or the condensation pressure signal, the controller executes at least one of the following control modes:

[0121] Temperature trigger mode: When the ambient temperature is lower than the first set threshold, the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet is reduced; wherein, the reduction ratio of the effective ventilation area increases as the ambient temperature decreases; when the ambient temperature is higher than the second set threshold, the air inlet is fully opened.

[0122] Pressure feedback mode: When the rate of decrease of condensing pressure exceeds a preset limit, or when the absolute value of the condensing pressure is lower than a safety threshold, the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet is reduced.

[0123] Composite control mode: The temperature trigger mode is used as the coarse adjustment reference, and the pressure feedback mode is used as the fine adjustment or emergency intervention means to coordinately adjust the effective ventilation area of ​​the air inlet.

[0124] Thus, the temperature-triggered mode, acting as feedforward control, proactively reduces the intake air volume before the ambient temperature causes pressure anomalies, playing a preventative regulatory role. The pressure feedback mode, acting as closed-loop control, intervenes urgently when the condensing pressure drops rapidly or falls below the safety limit, preventing the system from triggering low-pressure protection shutdown. The combination of these two modes forms a complete protection mechanism of "early warning and real-time response," significantly reducing the failure rate during winter operation.

[0125] In some embodiments, in addition to receiving temperature and pressure signals, the controller may also integrate a real-time clock and geolocation module to predict low-temperature risks based on historical climate data and enable the airflow adjustment function in advance during typical low-temperature periods (such as winter nights).

[0126] In this way, it can automatically adapt to seasonal low temperatures and sudden changes in operating conditions, achieving reliable operation around the clock.

[0127] Furthermore, the terms "first, second, third, etc." or similar terms such as module A, module B, and module C used in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that, where permissible, a specific order or sequence may be interchanged so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0128] The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limiting itself to what follows; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the mentioned feature, integral, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the statement "device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting solely of components A and B.

[0129] The terms "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the terms "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0130] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and the technical principles employed in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A condenser structure suitable for use in a cryogenic environment, characterized in that, The application relates to a condenser, which comprises the following parts: a condenser box (1) with an air inlet on one side and an air outlet on the other side; a condenser coil arranged in the condenser box (1) for heat exchange with air flowing through the surface of the condenser coil; a condenser fan (2) arranged on the condenser box (1) for driving air to flow into the air inlet, through the condenser coil and then out of the air outlet; an adjustable air volume adjusting device arranged at the air inlet for adjusting the effective ventilation area of the air inlet so as to prevent condensing pressure from suddenly dropping in a low-temperature environment.

2. The condenser structure of claim 1, wherein The adjustable air volume adjusting device comprises: a roller blind (3) arranged at the air inlet; a roller shaft (4) horizontally arranged on the top of the condenser box (1), one end of the roller blind (3) being wound around the roller shaft (4); lugs (5) arranged at the two ends of the roller shaft (4) for rotatably connecting the roller shaft (4) to the side wall of the condenser box (1); an electric actuator (6) mounted on the condenser box (1) and connected to the roller shaft (4) for driving the roller shaft (4) to rotate and thus drive the roller blind (3) to go up and down so as to adjust the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

3. The condenser structure of claim 1, wherein The adjustable air volume adjusting device comprises: a sealing plate (7) arranged at the air inlet; a turnover shaft (8) horizontally arranged on the top of the condenser box (1), one end of the sealing plate (7) being fixedly connected to the turnover shaft (8); lugs (5) arranged at the two ends of the turnover shaft (8) for rotatably connecting the turnover shaft (8) to the side wall of the condenser box (1); an electric actuator (6) mounted on the condenser box (1) and connected to the turnover shaft (8) for driving the turnover shaft (8) to rotate and thus drive the sealing plate (7) to turn over so as to adjust the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

4. The condenser structure of claim 1, wherein The adjustable air volume adjusting device comprises: an air volume adjusting mechanism comprising the sealing plate (7) and a hinge (9), the sealing plate (7) being arranged at the air inlet and rotatably connected to the side wall of the condenser box (1) through the hinge (9), so that the sealing plate (7) can be manually turned over around the hinge (9) to adjust the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

5. The condenser structure of claim 4, wherein The air volume adjusting mechanism is provided with two air volume adjusting mechanisms, namely a first air volume adjusting mechanism and a second air volume adjusting mechanism; wherein the sealing plate of the first air volume adjusting mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the air inlet, and the sealing plate of the second air volume adjusting mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the air inlet.

6. The condenser structure of claim 4, wherein The sealing plate (7) is a single flat plate or a louvered sealing plate composed of multiple linked plates.

7. The condenser structure of claim 1, wherein The adjustable air volume adjusting device comprises: an air valve (10) arranged at the air inlet for adjusting the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

8. The condenser structure of claim 7, wherein The air valve (10) is a multi-leaf opposing adjusting valve, an electric louver or other types of adjustable air valve.

9. The condenser structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The application further comprises: a temperature sensor mounted in the condenser box (1) for collecting ambient temperature; a pressure sensor mounted on a needle valve of a condenser header in the condenser box (1) for collecting condensing pressure. A controller is arranged on the condenser box (1); The controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively.

10. A condenser control method suitable for low temperature environment, applied to the condenser structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises: acquiring an ambient temperature signal collected by a temperature sensor and a condensing pressure signal collected by a pressure sensor; based on the ambient temperature signal and / or the condensing pressure signal, the controller executes at least one of the following control modes: temperature trigger mode: when the ambient temperature is lower than a first set threshold, the effective ventilation area of the air inlet is reduced; wherein the reduction ratio of the effective ventilation area increases with the decrease of the ambient temperature; when the ambient temperature is higher than a second set threshold, the air inlet is fully opened; pressure feedback mode: when the condensing pressure decreases at a rate exceeding a preset limit value, or the absolute value of the condensing pressure is lower than a safety threshold, the effective ventilation area of the air inlet is reduced; compound control mode: the temperature trigger mode is used as a coarse adjustment reference, and the pressure feedback mode is used as a fine adjustment or emergency intervention means, to cooperatively adjust the effective ventilation area of the air inlet.

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