Dynamic parking space distribution and induction method for intelligent service area of expressway

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic parking space distribution and guidance method for an expressway intelligent service area, relates to the technical field of intelligent traffic, and aims to solve the problem that a conventional service area parking space management mode is difficult to adapt to dynamic changes of vehicle model proportions in traffic flows at different time periods and is easy to cause low utilization rate of parking spaces in the service area. The technical scheme of the invention can adapt to the dynamic change of the vehicle model proportion in the traffic flow in different time periods, realizes the secondary distribution of the parking spaces in the service area, reduces the vehicle location searching conflict, avoids the disordered parking order in the service area, and improves the parking resource utilization rate in the service area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent transportation technology, specifically a method for dynamic parking space allocation and guidance in smart service areas of highways. Background Technology

[0002] The supply and demand imbalance in parking services at highway service areas in my country is becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, most highway service areas allocate parking spaces based on vehicle type, which is difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes in the proportion of different vehicle types in traffic flow at different times, leading to a structural waste of resources. On the one hand, during peak hours for small cars, parking spaces in designated small passenger vehicle areas are extremely scarce, with some vehicles slowing down for extended periods in search of empty spaces, even occupying emergency lanes or truck parking spaces, which not only exacerbates traffic congestion in service areas but also poses significant safety hazards. On the other hand, designated large vehicle parking spaces have a large number of vacant spaces due to the smaller number of vehicles, resulting in low utilization rates. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that traditional service area parking management models are unable to adapt to the dynamic changes in the proportion of different vehicle types in traffic flow at different times, which easily leads to low utilization of service area parking spaces. This invention provides a method for dynamic parking space allocation and guidance in smart highway service areas.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A method for dynamic parking space allocation and guidance in smart service areas of highways includes the following steps:

[0006] A dynamic parking space allocation model for service areas is constructed, and the expected number of each type of vehicle entering the service area is input into the dynamic parking space allocation model to determine the dynamic parking space allocation scheme and provide guidance.

[0007] The specific steps for constructing a dynamic parking space allocation model for service areas are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: Initialize the allocation model decision variables and introduce the basic data of the service area;

[0009] Step 2: Determine the objective function and constraints of the allocation model to construct a dynamic parking space allocation model for the service area.

[0010] Furthermore, step 1 specifically includes:

[0011] There are four types of parking spaces within highway service areas, each corresponding to a different vehicle type, including spaces for small passenger vehicles. Large passenger vehicle space Truck parking spaces and new energy vehicle parking spaces The four types of vehicles include small passenger cars. Large passenger buses ,truck and new energy vehicles Each type of parking space The number of fixed parking spaces is , =1,2,3,4, where new energy vehicles Including charging needs and temporary parking ;

[0012] set up Total number of time periods =1 indicates the first time period. = Indicates the last time period;

[0013] The estimated arrival numbers of each vehicle type entering the service area will be determined based on the division of... Divide the time period into segments to obtain each segment. Various models The expected arrival volume is , =1,2,..., ;

[0014] parking space and parking spaces Parking is only permitted for the specified vehicle type; parking spaces are available only. Permitted vehicle types Compatible parking, parking spaces Permitted vehicle types and car model Parking compatible

[0015] parking space Permitted vehicle types Compatible parking requires no conditions to be met, meaning that new energy vehicles can park in small passenger vehicle spaces at any time of day.

[0016] parking space Permitted vehicle types and car model Compatible parking requires meeting specific conditions, namely... During the specified time period, the occupancy rate of small passenger vehicle parking spaces is ≥ And the occupancy rate of large passenger vehicle parking spaces is ≤ At that time, parking space Permitted vehicle types and car model Compatible parking, parking spaces under other conditions Parking compatibility is not available. , , This indicates the threshold for the occupancy rate of small passenger vehicle parking spaces. This indicates the threshold for the occupancy rate of large passenger vehicle parking spaces;

[0017] set up Choose a parking space after entering the service area The probability is , choose The probability is If the time period Internal charging demand category No overflow, i.e., time period Inner parking space Can meet Parking demand, at this time If the time period Internal charging demand category There is overflow, i.e., time period. Inner parking space Unable to meet Parking demand, at this time , express Overflow probability,

[0018] When the parking spaces for new energy vehicles are full, the demand for charging is... Then the subsequent vehicles entering Forced conversion to temporary parking category Guided to or Compatible parking spaces

[0019] Time period Go to parking space of Number of vehicles Time period internal access to compatible parking spaces and of Number of vehicles ,

[0020] when hour, ,

[0021] when hour, ;

[0022] Set variables ,when =1 indicates a time period Large passenger vehicle space Enable compatibility mode, which allows small passenger cars and new energy vehicles to park in large passenger car spaces. =0 indicates a time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatibility mode is disabled, meaning that small passenger vehicles and new energy vehicles are not allowed to park in large passenger vehicle spaces.

[0023] When utilizing parking spaces for both large passenger vehicles and small passenger vehicles and new energy vehicles, priority should be given to filling one large passenger vehicle space with two vehicles before allocating the next large passenger vehicle space for accommodating both. Additionally, it is permissible to have one and a maximum of one large passenger vehicle space occupied by only one small car.

[0024] Set variables ,when Time indicates time period The memory contains a large bus bay that can only accommodate one vehicle at a time. When it is an odd number, Time indicates time period There are no large bus parking spaces that can only accommodate one vehicle. In other words, all large bus parking spaces designed to accommodate both small buses and new energy vehicles are occupied by two vehicles. Even number,

[0025] ,

[0026] in, Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with small passenger cars and new energy vehicles Total number of vehicles Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with small passenger cars The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with new energy vehicles The number of vehicles.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 2, the objective function aims to maximize the total parking allocation efficiency of the service area, and the objective function is expressed as:

[0028] ,

[0029] in, Indicates time period Total parking allocation efficiency within the service area Indicates parking space utilization rate. This represents the average vehicle seek time. This indicates the vehicle service rate.

[0030] Furthermore, the parking space utilization rate Represented as:

[0031] ,

[0032] in, Indicates time period Parking space utilization rate Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, This represents the floor function, and satisfies the condition that... When it is an odd number, , ,when When it is even, , , express Time-based parking space types The number of parking spaces can be allocated.

[0033] Furthermore, the average vehicle seek time Represented as:

[0034] ,

[0035] in, Indicates time period Average vehicle search time within the vehicle. This indicates the time it takes for a small passenger vehicle to find a parking space. This indicates the time it takes for a small passenger vehicle to find a parking space for a large passenger vehicle. This indicates the time it takes for a large passenger bus to find its parking space. This indicates the search time for the truck to reach its parking space. This indicates the time it takes for a new energy vehicle to find a parking space for a small passenger vehicle. This indicates the time it takes for a new energy vehicle to find a parking space for a large passenger vehicle. This indicates the seek time from the new energy vehicle to its designated parking space.

[0036] Furthermore, the vehicle service rate Represented as:

[0037] ,

[0038] in, Indicates time period Vehicle service rate within the area.

[0039] Furthermore, the constraints in step 2 include arrival volume constraints for each vehicle type, parking space capacity constraints, and parking space... Enable compatible parking condition constraints, compatible vehicle allocation constraints, and non-negative integer constraints;

[0040] The specific arrival volume constraints for each vehicle type are as follows:

[0041] ,

[0042] ,

[0043] ,

[0044] ,

[0045] The specific capacity constraints for each parking space are as follows:

[0046] ,

[0047] ,

[0048] ,

[0049] ,

[0050] parking space The specific constraints for enabling compatible parking are as follows:

[0051] ,

[0052] The specific constraints for vehicle allocation compatibility are as follows:

[0053] ,

[0054] ,

[0055] ,

[0056] ,

[0057] ,

[0058] ,

[0059] The specific non-negative integer constraint is as follows:

[0060] , , , , , , , , as well as And all are integers.

[0061] Furthermore, the dynamic parking space allocation model for the service area determines the dynamic parking space allocation scheme through a genetic algorithm.

[0062] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining the dynamic parking space allocation scheme are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: With As the start time window, To end the time window, set the current time window as... Input the basic parameters of the model and initialize the decision variables. The basic parameters include , , , , , , , Decision variables include , , , , , , ,in, This indicates the time it takes for a vehicle to find its target parking space from the service area entrance. Model to parking space Average time in the region Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Small passenger vehicle space Compatible with new energy vehicles The number of vehicles;

[0064] Step Two: For the time period Inside, the parking allocation needs to be processed for each vehicle type. The expected arrival volume is ;

[0065] Step 3: Based on Step 1 and Step 2, and using a genetic algorithm to solve the problem, output the decision variables;

[0066] Step 4: Update the decision variables based on the output. ;

[0067] Step 5: If ≤ Then proceed to the next time period. Based on the updated version in step four Repeat steps two through four; otherwise, end the allocation process.

[0068] Furthermore, the induction specifically refers to:

[0069] The guidance includes a three-tiered parking guidance mechanism.

[0070] The three-level parking guidance mechanism includes a first-level guidance system using a display screen located approximately 100m from the service area entrance; a second-level guidance system located at the vehicle diversion point to display the remaining number of different types of parking spaces and the number of compatible vehicles; and a third-level guidance system that precisely guides vehicles into designated areas for specific parking spaces.

[0071] In the second level of guidance, the remaining number of parking spaces is monitored by smart beacons to determine the number of remaining parking spaces.

[0072] The third level of guidance involves precise vehicle guidance by installing smart road studs in parking spaces. The flashing smart road studs guide vehicles into the parking spaces.

[0073] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0074] The technical solution proposed in this application can adapt to the dynamic changes in the proportion of different vehicle types in the traffic flow at different times, realize the secondary allocation of parking spaces in the service area, reduce vehicle parking space search conflicts, avoid parking disorder in the service area, and improve the utilization rate of parking resources in the service area. Attached Figure Description

[0075] Figure 1 Flowchart for solving the dynamic parking space allocation model for service areas;

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating compatibility with large passenger vehicle parking spaces based on smart road studs. Detailed Implementation

[0077] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the various embodiments disclosed in this application can be combined with each other.

[0078] Specific Implementation Method 1: The dynamic parking space allocation and guidance system for smart service areas on highways described in this implementation method includes:

[0079] The determination of decision variables includes the following parts (1) to (5):

[0080] (1) Let Total number of time periods For the first time period, This is the last time period.

[0081] (2) Four types of parking spaces are designated within highway service areas, denoted as follows: Small passenger vehicle space Large passenger vehicle space: Truck parking space New energy vehicle parking spaces are designated for four different vehicle types. Small passenger vehicles Large passenger buses :truck, New energy vehicles, each type of parking space ( The number of fixed parking spaces (=1,2,3,4) is ( =1,2,3,4). Based on the service area inbound traffic flow prediction method, the traffic flow for each time period is predicted. ( =1,2,...,K) Various car models The expected arrival volume is ( =1,2,3,4), set for Parking space type at the start of the time period The number of parking spaces available for parking space allocation. (Among them, parking spaces...) and parking spaces Parking is only permitted for the specified vehicle type; parking spaces are available only. and parking spaces Other vehicle models are allowed to park in a compatible manner.

[0082] Considering that not all new energy vehicles need to be charged in designated new energy vehicle parking spaces after entering the service area, the new energy vehicles... Divided into two categories: charging needs and temporary parking .

[0083] The parking space and parking spaces Allowing other vehicle models to be compatible with parking refers to parking spaces. Permitted vehicle types Compatible parking, parking spaces Permitted vehicle types and car model Compatible parking means that small passenger car spaces can allow new energy vehicles to park, and large passenger car spaces can allow both small passenger cars and new energy vehicles to park.

[0084] The parking space Permitted vehicle types Compatible parking requires no conditions to be met, meaning that new energy vehicles can park in small passenger vehicle spaces at any time of day. Permitted vehicle types and car model Compatible parking requires meeting specific conditions; that is, small passenger cars and new energy vehicles can park in large passenger car spaces only when certain conditions are met.

[0085] set up Choose a parking space after entering the service area The probability is , choose The probability is If the time period Internal charging demand category No overflow, i.e., time period Inner parking space Can meet Parking demand, at this time If the time period Internal charging demand category There is overflow, i.e., time period. Inner parking space Unable to meet Parking demand, at this time , It can be represented as Overflow probability.

[0086] When the parking spaces for new energy vehicles are full, the demand for charging is... Then the subsequent vehicles entering Forced conversion to temporary parking category Guided to or Compatible parking spaces.

[0087] Time period Go to parking space of Number of vehicles Time period internal access to compatible parking spaces and of Number of vehicles .

[0088] when hour, ,when hour, satisfy:

[0089] .

[0090] Set at During the specified time period, the occupancy rate of small passenger vehicle parking spaces is ≥ ( ), and the occupancy rate of large passenger vehicle spaces is ≤ ( Parking space Permitted vehicle types and car model Compatible parking, parking spaces under other conditions Parking compatibility is not available.

[0091] set up For 0-1 variables, =1 indicates a time period Large passenger vehicle space Enable compatibility mode, which allows small passenger cars and new energy vehicles to park in large passenger car spaces. =0 indicates a time period Large passenger vehicle space The compatibility mode is not enabled, meaning that small passenger cars and new energy vehicles are not allowed to park in large passenger car spaces.

[0092] (3) The time it takes for a vehicle to find its target parking space from the service area entrance is , Model to parking space ( The average time for the region (1, 2, 3, 4).

[0093] Based on the aforementioned requirements regarding the types of vehicles that can be parked in the parking spaces and their compatibility, the search time... Only exist , , , , , , These 7 situations, This indicates the time it takes for a small passenger vehicle to find a parking space. This indicates the time it takes for a small passenger vehicle to find a parking space for a large passenger vehicle. This indicates the time it takes for a large passenger bus to find its parking space. This indicates the search time for the truck to reach its parking space. This indicates the time it takes for a new energy vehicle to find a parking space for a small passenger vehicle. This indicates the time it takes for a new energy vehicle to find a parking space for a large passenger vehicle. This indicates the seek time from the new energy vehicle to its designated parking space.

[0094] (4) Let Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles; Indicates time period Small passenger vehicle space Compatible with new energy vehicles The number of vehicles; Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with small passenger cars and new energy vehicles Total number of vehicles Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with small passenger cars The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Large passenger vehicle space Compatible with new energy vehicles The number of vehicles, of which ;

[0095] In order to make full use of the parking space in large bus parking spaces that are used to accommodate small buses and new energy vehicles, it is stipulated that one large bus parking space should be filled with two vehicles before the next large bus parking space for accommodating small buses is allocated. In addition, it is allowed that one large bus parking space can be used to park only one small car.

[0096] set up For 0-1 variables, Time indicates time period The memory contains a large bus bay that can only accommodate one vehicle at a time. It is an odd number. Time indicates time period There are no large bus parking spaces that can only accommodate one vehicle. In other words, all large bus parking spaces designed to accommodate both small buses and new energy vehicles are occupied by two vehicles. It is an even number.

[0097] The objective function of the allocation model is determined to maximize the total parking allocation efficiency of the service area, which includes three optimization objectives. Optimization objective 1 is parking space utilization rate. Optimization objective 2 is the average vehicle positioning time. Optimization objective 3 is vehicle service rate .

[0098] The parking space utilization rate The expression is:

[0099] ,

[0100] in: Indicates time period Parking space utilization rate Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, It is the floor sign, and satisfies when When it is an odd number, , ,when When it is even, , .

[0101] The average vehicle positioning time The expression is:

[0102] in, Indicates time period Average vehicle search time within the vehicle.

[0103] The vehicle service rate The expression is:

[0104] ,

[0105] in, Indicates time period The contribution of parking space compatibility within the facility.

[0106] The objective function expression is:

[0107] ,

[0108] in, Indicates time period Total parking allocation efficiency within the service area.

[0109] The constraints of the allocation model include: arrival volume constraints for each vehicle type, capacity constraints for each parking space, and parking space constraints. Enable compatible parking condition constraints, compatible vehicle assignment constraints, and compatible non-negative integer constraints.

[0110] The arrival volume constraints for each vehicle type include:

[0111] ,

[0112] ,

[0113] ,

[0114] ,

[0115] The capacity constraints for each parking space include:

[0116] ,

[0117] ,

[0118] ,

[0119] ,

[0120] The parking space The constraints for enabling compatible parking conditions include:

[0121] ,

[0122] The compatible vehicle allocation constraints include:

[0123] ,

[0124] ,

[0125] ,

[0126] ,

[0127] ,

[0128] ,

[0129] The non-negative integer constraints include:

[0130] And all are integers.

[0131] The allocation model is solved using a genetic algorithm.

[0132] The genetic algorithm solution process includes:

[0133] Step 1: Initialize the model. The start time period, To end the period, set the current period as... Input the basic parameters of the model and initialize the decision variables. Basic data includes K. , , , , , , Decision variables include , , , , , , .

[0134] Step 2: Construct the requirement set. For time periods... The model needs to handle parking allocation requirements for each vehicle type. The expected arrival volume is .

[0135] Step 3: Model Solving. For the time period... The parking allocation demand within the area is solved using a genetic algorithm to generate decision variables.

[0136] Step 4: Parking space resource update. Monitor and update future time periods based on allocation results and parking space occupancy. Parking space resources.

[0137] Step 5: Time window scrolling and stopping. ,like ≤ If yes, proceed to step 2; otherwise, end the allocation process.

[0138] Step three, the intelligent parking guidance in the service area, includes a three-level parking guidance mechanism.

[0139] The three-level parking guidance mechanism consists of three levels: the first level is guided by a display screen set up about 100m from the service area entrance; the second level is set up at the vehicle diversion point to display the remaining number of different types of parking spaces and the number of compatible vehicles; and the third level guides vehicles to specific parking spaces to precisely guide them into designated areas.

[0140] In the second level of guidance, the remaining number of parking spaces can be determined by monitoring the occupancy status of parking spaces through smart beacons.

[0141] The third level of guidance involves precise vehicle guidance by installing smart road studs in parking spaces. The flashing smart road studs guide vehicles into the parking spaces.

[0142] Example:

[0143] A highway service area has four types of parking spaces: spaces for small passenger vehicles, large passenger vehicles, trucks, and new energy vehicles. There are 100 spaces for small passenger vehicles, 40 spaces for large passenger vehicles, 25 spaces for trucks, and 30 spaces for new energy vehicles. At a certain time, the predicted arrival numbers of vehicles are 85 small passenger vehicles, 4 large passenger vehicles, 8 trucks, and 40 new energy vehicles. The remaining number of vehicles in the service area at the previous time was 10 small passenger vehicles, 5 large passenger vehicles, 3 trucks, and 8 new energy vehicles. The average time to find a parking space is 2 minutes for small passenger vehicles, 3 minutes for large passenger vehicles, 4 minutes for trucks, and 3 minutes for new energy vehicles. The average time to find a parking space from a small passenger vehicle to a compatible large passenger vehicle parking space is 3 minutes, from a new energy vehicle to a compatible small passenger vehicle parking space is 3 minutes, and from a new energy vehicle to a compatible large passenger vehicle parking space is 4 minutes. The probability that a new energy vehicle entering the service area needs to be charged is... The parameter thresholds for the open large passenger vehicle parking spaces and compatible parking spaces set for this service area are: , The final parking space allocation results were calculated as follows: 65 small passenger car spaces were used for small passenger cars, 4 large passenger car spaces were used for large passenger cars, 8 truck spaces were used for trucks, 22 new energy vehicle spaces were used for new energy vehicles, 0 small passenger car spaces were used for new energy vehicles, 20 large passenger car spaces were used for small passenger cars, and 18 large passenger car spaces were used for new energy vehicles.

[0144] It should be noted that the specific embodiments are merely explanations and illustrations of the technical solution of the present invention and should not be used to limit the scope of protection. Any modifications made in accordance with the claims and specification of the present invention that are only partial should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic allocation and guidance of parking spaces in a smart service area of a highway, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: A service area dynamic parking space allocation model is constructed, and the expected number of each vehicle type arriving at the service area is input into the service area dynamic parking space allocation model to determine a dynamic parking space allocation scheme and to guide; The specific steps of constructing the service area dynamic parking space allocation model are: Step 1: initialize the allocation model decision variable, and introduce the basic data of the service area; Step 2: determine the objective function and constraint conditions of the allocation model to construct the service area dynamic parking space allocation model. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein The step 1 is specifically: Four types of parking spaces are set in the expressway service area, and the four types of parking spaces correspond to four types of vehicles, the four types of parking spaces include small passenger car parking spaces , large passenger car parking spaces , truck parking spaces , and new energy vehicle parking spaces , the four types of vehicles include small passenger cars , large passenger cars , trucks , and new energy vehicles , the number of fixed parking spaces of each type of parking space is , =1,2,3,4, wherein the new energy vehicles include charging demand type and temporary parking type ; Setting = 1 represents the first period, = 1 represents the first period, = 1 represents the first period, = 1 represents the first period, The expected number of arrivals of each vehicle type into the service area is divided according to the divided time periods, to obtain the expected number of arrivals of each vehicle type in each time period The expected number of arrivals of each vehicle type in each time period is =1,2,..., ;​​​ Parking space and parking space Parking space for corresponding vehicle type only Allowed vehicle type Compatible parking, parking space Allowed vehicle type and vehicle type Compatible parking, Parking space Allowed vehicle type Compatible parking No need to meet any conditions, that is, at any time of the day, new energy vehicles can be parked in small passenger car spaces. Parking space Allowed vehicle type and vehicle type Compatible parking needs to meet certain conditions, that is, in the time period, the occupancy rate of small passenger car parking spaces is ≥ , and the occupancy rate of large passenger car parking spaces is ≤ , the parking space allows compatible parking of vehicle type and vehicle type Compatible parking is not open under other conditions Parking space , , represents the threshold value of the occupancy rate of small passenger car parking spaces, represents the threshold value of the occupancy rate of large passenger car parking spaces set up Choose a parking space after entering the service area The probability is , choose The probability is If the time period Internal charging demand category No overflow, i.e., time period Inner parking space Can meet Parking demand, at this time If the time period Internal charging demand category There is overflow, i.e., time period. Inner parking space Unable to meet Parking demand, at this time , express Overflow probability, When the new energy parking space is full of charging demand , the subsequent driving-in is forced to be converted into temporary parking , and is guided to or compatible parking spaces, Time period Number of vehicles , Number of vehicles , time period Number of vehicles and , Number of vehicles , When time, , When time, ; Set variable = 1 indicates the time period = 1 indicates the time period Large passenger car parking space Enable compatibility mode, that is, allow small passenger cars and new energy vehicles to park in large passenger car parking spaces, = 0 indicates the time period Large passenger car parking space Do not enable compatibility mode, that is, do not allow small passenger cars and new energy vehicles to park in large passenger car parking spaces, When a large passenger vehicle parking space is compatible with a small passenger vehicle and a new energy vehicle, 1 large passenger vehicle parking space is first filled with 2 vehicles, and then 1 compatible large passenger vehicle parking space is allocated, and in addition, 1 and at most 1 large passenger vehicle parking space is allowed to park only 1 small car, Set variable When denotes the time period There is 1 large bus parking space compatible with only 1 vehicle, at this time is odd, when denotes the time period There is no large bus parking space compatible with only 1 vehicle, that is, the large bus parking spaces for compatible small buses and new energy vehicles are both parked with 2 vehicles, at this time is even, ， wherein, representing the period large passenger car positions compatible with small passenger cars and new energy vehicles total number of vehicles, representing the period large passenger car positions compatible with small passenger cars number of vehicles, representing the period large passenger car positions compatible with new energy vehicles number of vehicles. 3.The method of claim 2, wherein The objective function in the step 2 takes the maximization of the total parking allocation benefit of the service area as the total target, and the objective function is expressed as: ， wherein, denotes the time period total parking allocation benefit in the service area, denotes the parking space utilization rate, denotes the average vehicle searching time, denotes the vehicle service rate. 4.The method of claim 3, wherein The parking space utilization rate is expressed as: ， in, Indicates time period Parking space utilization rate Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, Indicates time period Interior vehicle Parking in a parking space The number of vehicles, This represents the floor function, and satisfies the condition that... When it is an odd number, , ,when When it is even, , , express Time-based parking space types The number of parking spaces can be allocated. 5.The method of claim 4, wherein The vehicle average positioning time is represented as: ， wherein, representing the average parking time of a vehicle in the time period, representing the average parking time of a vehicle in the time period, representing the parking time of a small passenger car to a small passenger car space, representing the parking time of a small passenger car to a large passenger car space, representing the parking time of a large passenger car to a large passenger car space, representing the parking time of a truck to a truck space, representing the parking time of a new energy vehicle to a small passenger car space, representing the parking time of a new energy vehicle to a large passenger car space, representing the parking time of a new energy vehicle to a new energy vehicle space.

6. The dynamic parking space allocation and guidance method for a smart service area of a highway according to claim 5, characterized in that The vehicle service rate is represented as: ， wherein, representing the time period vehicle service rate within.

7. The dynamic parking space allocation and guidance method for a smart service area of a highway according to claim 6, characterized in that The constraint conditions in step 2 include vehicle type arrival amount constraint conditions, vehicle space capacity constraint conditions, vehicle space enable compatible parking condition constraint conditions, compatible vehicle allocation constraint conditions, and non-negative integer constraint conditions; The arrival amount constraint condition of each vehicle type is specifically: ， ， ， ， The capacity constraint condition of each parking space is specifically: ， ， ， ， Parking space The enabling of the compatible parking condition constraint is specific to: ， The compatible vehicle allocation constraint condition is specifically: ， ， ， ， ， ， The non-negative integer constraint condition is specifically: , , , , , , , , and are integers. 8.The method of claim 7, wherein The service area dynamic parking space allocation model determines the dynamic parking space allocation scheme through a genetic algorithm. 9.The method of claim 7, wherein The specific steps of determining the dynamic parking space allocation scheme are: Step 1: Set the start time window as , the end time window as , and the current time window as , input the model base parameters and initialize the decision variables, the base parameters including , , , , , , , , and the decision variables including , , , , , , , wherein represents the positioning time of the vehicle from the entrance of the service area to the target parking area, refers to the average time of the vehicle model to the parking area, represents the number of vehicles of the vehicle model parked in the parking area within the time period , represents the number of vehicles of the small passenger car parked in the parking area within the time period , represents the number of vehicles of the small passenger car compatible with new energy vehicles parked in the parking area within the time period , , . Step two: for the time period The parking allocation demand to be processed is the estimated arrival amount of each vehicle type in the inner city ; Step 3: based on step 1 and step 2, and using a genetic algorithm to solve, output the decision variable; Step four: Update the decision variables according to the output ; Step five: If ≤ , then go to the next time period and repeat steps two through four based on the updated from step four, otherwise end the allocation. 10.The method of claim 9, wherein The guidance is specifically: The guidance comprises a three-level parking guidance mechanism, In the three-level parking guidance mechanism, the first-level guidance is guided by a display screen arranged about 100 m from the entrance of the service area, the second-level guidance is guided by a display screen arranged at a vehicle shunting place for displaying the remaining number of different types of parking spaces and the number of compatible vehicles, and the third-level guidance is a precise guidance for guiding vehicles to enter a specified area; In the second-level guidance, the remaining number of parking spaces is determined by monitoring the parking space occupation condition through intelligent studs; In the third-level guidance, the precise guidance for vehicles can be achieved by arranging intelligent studs on the parking spaces, and guiding vehicles to enter the parking spaces through the flashing of the intelligent studs.

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