Passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The passive metasurface antenna comprises a plurality of metasurface units (1); the metasurface unit (1) comprises a bottom metal floor (3), a middle dielectric substrate (2) and an upper metal floor (4); the bottom-layer metal floor (3) is arranged on the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric substrate (2); the upper-layer metal floor (4) is circular and is arranged on the upper surface of the middle-layer dielectric substrate (2). According to the invention, an electromagnetic beam shaping function equivalent to that of a traditional curved surface reflector is realized, and a side level is effectively suppressed, so that a stable side radiation characteristic is obtained. Besides, the reflective array structure has the advantages of low profile, easy conformality, low power consumption and the like, and can be integrally manufactured through a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) process, so that the processing complexity and the production cost are remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, higher requirements are being placed on antenna systems in terms of wide bandwidth operation, miniaturization, integration, structural simplicity, and ease of fabrication. As a key component in the radio frequency front end, the performance of antennas and reflector arrays directly affects the overall performance of the entire communication system.

[0003] Traditional reflective arrays typically achieve wavefront modulation based on resonant units or spatial feeding structures. While these designs meet functional requirements to some extent, they often face challenges such as limited bandwidth, high profile, complex structure, and high fabrication difficulty. Particularly in applications requiring low profile and planar circuit integration, traditional reflective arrays, relying on three-dimensional feeding networks or multi-layer dielectric layouts, suffer from significant limitations in integration and manufacturing cost. To address these issues and simultaneously achieve wider operating bandwidth, efficient electromagnetic wave modulation capabilities, and good radiation characteristics, metasurface reflective arrays have received widespread attention and research in recent years due to their compact structure, flexible design, ease of fabrication, and integration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to provide a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment, so as to solve the problems of traditional reflective arrays in terms of bandwidth, profile height, integration and processing complexity.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment. The passive metasurface antenna includes: a plurality of metasurface units (1); the metasurface unit (1) includes: a bottom metal ground plane (3), a middle dielectric substrate (2) and an upper metal ground plane (4); the bottom metal ground plane (3) is disposed on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2); the upper metal ground plane (4) is circular and is disposed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2).

[0008] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0009] This invention proposes a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment. The advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0010] (1) A low-profile and flexibly tunable reflection phase design was completed using metasurface unit technology, providing a foundation for achieving high-performance beam scanning. In the unit structure, a coupling mechanism between the upper and lower metal ground planes is introduced. The core of this mechanism is that the radius of each circular metal ground plane is designed as a key structural parameter. By systematically changing this radius, the units at different spatial locations exhibit gradually changing equivalent impedance characteristics when excited by incident electromagnetic waves, thereby introducing a phase compensation gradient from 0 to 2π radians at the reflection interface. This precise arrangement based on the unit size constitutes a preset phase distribution map, enabling the planar array to reshape the incident spherical wavefront into a planar wavefront with specific directionality and reflect it, achieving an electromagnetic beamforming function equivalent to that of a traditional curved surface reflector, effectively suppressing the side level, and thus obtaining stable side radiation characteristics. In addition, this reflective array structure has advantages such as low profile, easy conformal design, and low power consumption. It can be manufactured in an integrated manner using PCB technology, which significantly reduces processing complexity and production costs. It is suitable for the improved antenna integration and performance requirements of next-generation communication and radar systems.

[0011] (2) The center frequency of this antenna is 2.5 GHz, the impedance bandwidth is 40% (2-4 GHz), and the gain is 16 dBi.

[0012] (3) While achieving gain, it also ensures the stable side radiation characteristics of the antenna. It has stable performance at 2.4GHz. The antenna has excellent performance, small size, simple structure, good frequency selectivity and other characteristics, and has certain application value. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the passive metasurface antenna structure for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in this invention;

[0014] Figure 2 An exploded view of the metasurface antenna structure;

[0015] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the metasurface antenna structure.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a dimensional diagram of the metasurface antenna structure;

[0017] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the parameters of the passive metasurface antenna S11 for industrial wireless security networking equipment;

[0018] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of a passive metasurface antenna at the 2.4GHz resonant frequency for industrial wireless security networking equipment;

[0019] Reference numerals: Metasurface unit (1), middle dielectric substrate (2), bottom metal floor (3), top metal floor (4). Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0021] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking devices, overcoming the limitations of traditional reflective arrays in terms of bandwidth, profile height, integration density, and fabrication complexity. This reflective array possesses multiple controllable poles within its operating frequency band, enabling wide-angle scanning and excellent beamforming capabilities, while exhibiting high aperture efficiency and low cross-polarization characteristics. Through unit structure optimization and phase distribution design, a compact, easily fabricated, single-layer integrated architecture is ultimately obtained, possessing both excellent electromagnetic properties and engineering practicality.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0023] The present invention provides a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment, comprising: a plurality of metasurface units (1); the metasurface unit (1) comprises: a bottom metal ground plane (3), a middle dielectric substrate (2) and an upper metal ground plane (4); the bottom metal ground plane (3) is disposed on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2); the upper metal ground plane (4) is circular and is disposed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2).

[0024] Furthermore, several metasurface units (1) are arranged in a close array.

[0025] Furthermore, the intermediate dielectric substrate (2) is square.

[0026] Furthermore, the intermediate dielectric substrate (2) has a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.

[0027] Furthermore, the upper metal floor (4) is circular.

[0028] Furthermore, the side length of the dielectric substrate (2) in the metasurface unit is 50 mm, and the side length of the array formed is 1000 mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper metal floor (4) has a minimum radius of 12.5 mm and a maximum radius of 20 mm.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] See appendix Figure 1 and 2This invention provides a passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment. The antenna comprises multiple metasurface units (1) arranged in a certain pattern. Each metasurface unit (1) includes a middle dielectric substrate (2), a bottom metal ground plane (3), and an upper metal ground plane (4). The upper metal ground plane (4) is disposed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2), and the bottom metal ground plane (3) is disposed on the lower surface.

[0032] The bottom metal floor (3) is the same size as the middle dielectric substrate (2), with a side length of 50 mm. The top metal floor (4) is a circle with the center of the middle dielectric substrate (2) as the center, with a minimum radius of 12.5 mm and a maximum radius of 20 mm.

[0033] The material of the middle layer dielectric substrate (2) is FR4, with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.

[0034] The passive metasurface antenna is an array composed of multiple metasurface units (1) arranged according to a predetermined pattern. By precisely designing the diameter of the circle of each upper metal ground plane (4), it generates a specific electromagnetic resonance under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves, thereby providing a local phase shift that is adjustable from 0 to 2π radians for the reflected wave; the size of the units at different positions in the array is non-uniformly distributed according to their spatial phase delay compensation requirements, and together they form a preset phase compensation surface.

[0035] In this way, the array can collaboratively reconstruct a spherical wavefront from a fixed feed source through local phase modulation of each unit, and finally become a highly directional planar beam with a predetermined directionality at a distance, realizing the electromagnetic beamforming function equivalent to a parabolic reflector with a planar structure.

[0036] The passive metasurface antenna for the industrial wireless security networking device was simulated using the high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software CST2022. The parameters after simulation optimization are shown in Table 1 (unit: mm).

[0037] Table 1 Parameter Table

[0038] <![CDATA[W1]]> <![CDATA[W2]]> H R 50 1000 3.2 12.5-20

[0039] See attached document Figure 3 and 4 W1 is the side length of the middle dielectric substrate (2) and the bottom metal ground plane (3), W2 is the side length of the array, H is the thickness of the middle dielectric substrate (2), and R is the radius of the upper metal ground plane (4).

[0040] Figure 5The simulation results of the S11 parameters obtained for this invention show the gain versus frequency curve, as shown in the figure. The measured -10dB fractional impedance bandwidth from 2GHz to 3GHz is 40% (fully covering 2GHz to 3GHz), satisfying the 2.4GHz operating frequency. The peak gain at the operating frequency is approximately 16dBi. Figure 6 The radiation pattern at the 2.4 GHz resonant frequency is described, and the results show that the developed passive metasurface antenna has stable reflection and radiation characteristics.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0042] (1) A low-profile and flexibly tunable reflection phase design was completed using metasurface unit technology, providing a foundation for achieving high-performance beam scanning. In the unit structure, a coupling mechanism between the upper and lower metal ground planes is introduced. The core of this mechanism is that the radius of each circular metal ground plane is designed as a key structural parameter. By systematically changing this radius, the units at different spatial locations exhibit gradually changing equivalent impedance characteristics when excited by incident electromagnetic waves, thereby introducing a phase compensation gradient from 0 to 2π radians at the reflection interface. This precise arrangement based on the unit size constitutes a preset phase distribution map, enabling the planar array to reshape the incident spherical wavefront into a planar wavefront with specific directionality and reflect it, achieving an electromagnetic beamforming function equivalent to that of a traditional curved surface reflector, effectively suppressing the side level, and thus obtaining stable side radiation characteristics. In addition, this reflective array structure has advantages such as low profile, easy conformal design, and low power consumption. It can be manufactured in an integrated manner using PCB technology, which significantly reduces processing complexity and production costs. It is suitable for the improved antenna integration and performance requirements of next-generation communication and radar systems.

[0043] (2) The center frequency of this antenna is 2.5 GHz, the impedance bandwidth is 40% (2-4 GHz), and the gain is 16 dBi.

[0044] (3) While achieving gain, it also ensures the stable side radiation characteristics of the antenna. It has stable performance at 2.4GHz. The antenna has excellent performance, small size, simple structure, good frequency selectivity and other characteristics, and has certain application value.

[0045] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment, characterized in that, The passive metasurface antenna includes: a plurality of metasurface units (1); the metasurface unit (1) includes: a bottom metal ground plane (3), a middle dielectric substrate (2) and an upper metal ground plane (4); the bottom metal ground plane (3) is disposed on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2); the upper metal ground plane (4) is circular and is disposed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate (2).

2. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several metasurface units (1) are arranged in a close array.

3. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate dielectric substrate (2) is square.

4. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The intermediate dielectric substrate (2) has a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.

02.

5. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The middle layer dielectric substrate (2) of the metasurface unit has a side length of 50 mm, and the array formed has a side length of 1000 mm.

6. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom metal floor (3) is the same size as the middle dielectric substrate (2).

7. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper metal floor (4) is circular.

8. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The upper metal floor (4) has a minimum radius of 12.5 mm and a maximum radius of 20 mm.

9. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The material used for the middle layer dielectric substrate (2) is FR4.

10. The passive metasurface antenna for industrial wireless security networking equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The passive metasurface antenna is an array composed of multiple metasurface units (1) arranged according to a predetermined pattern. By precisely designing the diameter of the circle of each upper metal ground plane (4), it generates a specific electromagnetic resonance under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves, thereby providing a local phase shift that is adjustable from 0 to 2π radians for the reflected wave. The size of the units at different positions in the array is non-uniformly distributed according to their spatial phase delay compensation requirements, and together they form a preset phase compensation surface. The array can reconstruct the spherical wavefront from a fixed feed source through the local phase modulation of each unit, and finally become a highly directional planar beam with a predetermined directionality at a distance, realizing the electromagnetic beamforming function equivalent to a parabolic reflector with a planar structure.

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