Surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a surge protection electric arc point based on PCB structural design and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of printed circuit boards, a circuit board is engraved with a first lightning stroke surge electric arc part and a second lightning stroke surge electric arc part, and the first lightning stroke surge electric arc part is connected in parallel to a power-on loop; and the second lightning stroke surge arc part is connected in parallel to the grounding loop, and can quickly respond and be conducted at the moment of lightning stroke or abnormal high voltage and large current in the circuit, so that a low-resistance path is formed, and high-voltage energy and surge current are quickly guided to the ground. By means of the characteristic, impact of surge on a rear-end circuit and equipment is effectively avoided, the surge resisting capacity of the circuit is greatly improved, risks of equipment damage, data loss, production interruption and the like caused by surge impact are reduced, and stable and continuous operation of an electrical system is powerfully guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printed circuit board technology, and in particular to a surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic refrigerator manufacturers are increasingly demanding higher requirements for electromagnetic immunity (EMI) testing in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and existing designs are struggling to meet this trend. To satisfy these increasingly stringent testing requirements, traditional protection solutions typically involve adding external physical components such as gas discharge tubes and varistors to the printed circuit board (PCB) to absorb transient high-voltage energy. While these external components provide protection, they not only increase material costs but also significantly enhance the complexity of PCB layout. Furthermore, in high-frequency or space-constrained applications, external components may introduce parasitic parameters, adversely affecting the integrity of signal acquisition on the PCB.

[0003] Therefore, how to design a surge protection arc point that is inexpensive to manufacture, does not increase the complexity of the frequency converter board, does not require adjustment of the printed circuit board layout, and effectively improves electromagnetic interference resistance is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design, which solves the technical problems of complex board layout, high cost and easy introduction of parasitic parameters caused by external physical components on printed circuit boards.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design, wherein a live wire, a neutral wire, and a ground wire are engraved on the circuit board, the live wire, the neutral wire, and the mains power supply are connected in series to form a power-conducting circuit, and the live wire and the ground wire are connected in series to form a grounding circuit; the circuit board is also engraved with a first lightning surge arc part and a second lightning surge arc part, the first lightning surge arc part is connected in parallel to the power-conducting circuit; the second lightning surge arc part is connected in parallel to the grounding circuit.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. A completely redesigned PCB structure and layout directly engrave the first and second lightning surge arc sections onto the PCB. Since the first lightning surge arc section is connected in parallel to the power-carrying circuit, and the second lightning surge arc section is connected in parallel to the grounding circuit, it can quickly respond and conduct in the instant of a lightning strike or abnormally high voltage and current in the circuit, forming a low-resistance path and rapidly guiding the high-voltage energy and surge current to the ground. This feature effectively avoids the impact of surges on downstream circuits and equipment, greatly improves the circuit's surge resistance, reduces the risk of equipment damage, data loss, and production interruption caused by surge impacts, and strongly ensures the stable and continuous operation of the electrical system. 2. Cost Reduction: Compared with the varistors VR1, VR2 and CT1 used in traditional circuit solutions, the lightning surge protection arc point of this application achieves similar surge protection functions while significantly reducing costs. On the one hand, it reduces the types and quantities of components, thus lowering procurement costs; on the other hand, it simplifies the circuit design and assembly process, resulting in a significant reduction in design and manufacturing costs, thereby improving the product's competitiveness in the market. 3. Improved reliability: Traditional varistors are prone to performance degradation after repeated surge impacts, leading to increased leakage current or even failure; gas discharge tubes also have problems such as relatively slow response speed and high residual voltage; while the lightning surge protection arc point of this application, with its unique structure and working principle, can still maintain stable performance when frequently subjected to surge impacts, has a longer service life and higher reliability, reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement, and lowers the later operation and maintenance costs; 4. Improved inverter board compatibility: The new lightning surge protection arc point is designed with full consideration of compatibility with various circuit systems. Whether in low-voltage power distribution systems, power circuits of electronic equipment, or communication lines, it can be easily integrated and applied in different application scenarios without the need for large-scale modification of the original circuit, thus improving the convenience of circuit system upgrades and optimizations.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, a partition groove is provided on the circuit board between the power-on circuit and the grounding circuit; the first lightning surge arc portion and the second lightning surge arc portion are respectively located on both sides of the partition groove.

[0009] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: by optimizing the layout and slotting design on the board, the lightning surge voltage is guided to form a controllable arc at the predetermined design position, thereby relieving pressure and releasing transient high voltage energy, thus protecting the frequency converter board and other components and circuits on the board.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a first varistor, which is fixed on the circuit board and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit.

[0011] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: the first varistor can quickly reduce its own resistance when the voltage rises instantaneously, bypassing the excessive voltage, or it can work with the fuse to melt and cut off the circuit, thereby protecting the downstream circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a capacitor, which is fixed on the circuit board and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit.

[0013] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: the capacitor is mainly used to filter out high-frequency interference signals between the live wire and the neutral wire, improve power supply stability, and form a first-level protection circuit for the power grid with the first varistor to ensure power safety and normal operation of equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a second varistor, which is fixed on the circuit board and connected in series with the grounding circuit.

[0015] The further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that when the voltage of the second varistor to ground rises abnormally, it rapidly reduces its own resistance and conducts the excessive voltage to the ground, thus playing an overvoltage protection role.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a gas discharge tube, which is fixed on the circuit board and connected in series with the grounding circuit.

[0017] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: when the gas discharge tube is subjected to a momentary high-energy impact, the gas inside it is ionized and conducts, discharging the transient high voltage to the ground, effectively suppressing transient overvoltage. By utilizing the synergistic work of the two, the electromagnetic interference immunity of the circuit is significantly improved, ensuring the stable operation of the refrigerator product in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a fuse, which is fixed on the circuit board and connected in series in the power-on circuit.

[0019] The further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that when an abnormally large current occurs in the circuit, the fuse will melt due to its own heat, thereby cutting off the circuit and preventing excessive current from damaging electrical equipment or causing safety accidents.

[0020] Furthermore, both the first lightning surge arc portion and the second lightning surge arc portion are hemispherical structures.

[0021] Furthermore, both the first lightning surge arc section and the second lightning surge arc section are made of copper.

[0022] In addition, a method for preparing surge protection arc points based on PCB structure design is provided. During the solder mask layer fabrication stage of the circuit board, the solder mask in the first lightning surge arc part and the second lightning surge arc part area is protected from being coated with an insulating coating, ensuring that the first lightning surge arc part and the second lightning surge arc part are directly exposed to the air. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the printed circuit board layout structure in a traditional solution; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit board layout structure for surge protection arc points based on PCB structure design according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to the present invention.

[0024] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Circuit board; 11. Live wire; 12. Neutral wire; 13. Ground wire; 14. First lightning surge arc section; 15. Second lightning surge arc section; 16. Separator groove; 2. Mains power supply; 3. Power supply circuit; 4. Grounding circuit; 5. First varistor; 6. Capacitor; 7. Second varistor; 8. Gas discharge tube; 9. Fuse. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design is provided. The circuit board 1 is engraved with a live wire 11, a neutral wire 12, and a ground wire 13. The live wire 11, the neutral wire 12, and the mains power supply 2 are connected in series to form a power-conducting circuit 3. The live wire 11 and the ground wire 13 are connected in series to form a grounding circuit 4. The circuit board 1 is also engraved with a first lightning surge arc part 14 and a second lightning surge arc part 15. The first lightning surge arc part 14 is connected in parallel to the power-conducting circuit 3. The second lightning surge arc part 15 is connected in parallel to the grounding circuit 4.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a partition groove 16 is provided on the circuit board 1 between the power-on circuit 3 and the grounding circuit 4; the first lightning surge arc part 14 and the second lightning surge arc part 15 are respectively located on both sides of the partition groove 16.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a first varistor 5 may also be included, which is fixed on the circuit board 1 and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit 3.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a capacitor 6 may also be included, which is fixed on the circuit board 1 and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit 3.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a second varistor 7 may also be included, which is fixed on the circuit board 1 and connected in series with the grounding circuit 4.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a gas discharge tube 8 may also be included, which is fixed on the circuit board 1 and connected in series to the grounding circuit 4.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a fuse 9 may also be included, which is fixed on the circuit board 1 and connected in series with the power-on circuit 3.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in some specific embodiments, both the first lightning surge arc section 14 and the second lightning surge arc section 15 are hemispherical structures.

[0034] Specifically, both the first lightning surge arc section 14 and the second lightning surge arc section 15 are made of copper.

[0035] In addition, a method for preparing surge protection arc points based on PCB structure design is provided, including the surge protection arc points based on PCB structure design, and the specific steps are as follows: S1. During the solder mask fabrication stage of circuit board 1, the solder mask in the areas of the first lightning surge arc portion 14 and the second lightning surge arc portion 15 shall not be coated with an insulating coating to ensure that the first lightning surge arc portion 14 and the second lightning surge arc portion 15 are directly exposed to the air.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design, wherein a live wire (11), a neutral wire (12), and a ground wire (13) are engraved on the circuit board (1), wherein the live wire (11), the neutral wire (12), and the mains power supply (2) are connected in series to form a power-carrying circuit (3), and the live wire (11) and the ground wire (13) are connected in series to form a grounding circuit (4); characterized in that, The circuit board (1) is also engraved with a first lightning surge arc part (14) and a second lightning surge arc part (15). The first lightning surge arc part (14) is connected in parallel to the power-on circuit (3); the second lightning surge arc part (15) is connected in parallel to the grounding circuit (4).

2. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board (1) is provided with a partition groove (16) between the power-on circuit (3) and the grounding circuit (4); the first lightning surge arc part (14) and the second lightning surge arc part (15) are located on both sides of the partition groove (16).

3. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first varistor (5), which is fixed on the circuit board (1) and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit (3).

4. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a capacitor (6), which is fixed on the circuit board (1) and connected in parallel with the power-on circuit (3).

5. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second varistor (7), which is fixed on the circuit board (1) and connected in series to the grounding circuit (4).

6. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas discharge tube (8), which is fixed on the circuit board (1) and connected in series to the grounding circuit (4).

7. A surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fuse (9), which is fixed on the circuit board (1) and connected in series with the power-on circuit (3).

8. The surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first lightning surge arc section (14) and the second lightning surge arc section (15) are hemispherical structures.

9. A surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first lightning surge arc section (14) and the second lightning surge arc section (15) are made of copper.

10. A method for preparing surge protection arc points based on PCB structure design, characterized in that, Including the surge protection arc point based on PCB structure design as described in any one of claims 1-9, the specific steps are as follows: S1. During the solder mask fabrication stage of the circuit board (1), the solder mask of the first lightning surge arc part (14) and the second lightning surge arc part (15) is not allowed to be coated with an insulating coating to ensure that the first lightning surge arc part (14) and the second lightning surge arc part (15) are directly exposed to the air.

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