Debugging of vacuum switching tubes
By applying AC voltages of different frequencies to the switching contact elements and the middle area of the housing of the vacuum switch tube, the problems of chamber potential deviation and inflexible debugging were solved, enabling simultaneous debugging of the contact path and chamber, thus improving the flexibility and safety of debugging.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for debugging vacuum switching tubes suffer from problems such as chamber potential deviation and asymmetrical debugging that may cause damage. Furthermore, contact path debugging and chamber debugging need to be performed separately, making the debugging process inflexible.
Different frequencies of AC voltage are applied to the switching contact elements and the middle area of the housing of the vacuum switch tube. By superimposing the voltages, an oscillating voltage is formed to simultaneously perform contact path debugging and chamber debugging, adapt to the potential distribution of different application scenarios, and reduce the voltage requirements of the transformer.
It enables simultaneous commissioning of contact paths and chambers under low rated voltage and withstand voltage, improving the flexibility and safety of commissioning, simplifying voltage feeder design, and adapting to different field technical conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121753128A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The invention relates to a method and a device for conditioning a vacuum interrupter. BACKGROUND
[0002] A vacuum interrupter comprises a housing and two switch contact elements movable relative to each other, which are arranged in the housing and are surrounded by a metallic housing intermediate region of the housing. The conditioning of a vacuum interrupter, which is also called the shaping of a vacuum interrupter, is a work step for producing a sufficient dielectric withstand strength of the vacuum interrupter after the manufacture of the vacuum interrupter. By conditioning, irregularities and unevennesses, such as micro spikes and particles, on the electrically conductive surfaces of the vacuum interrupter are eliminated and the surfaces are made uniform. The steps carried out here usually include a conditioning of the surfaces of the switch contact elements, the so-called contact path conditioning, and a conditioning of the surfaces of the housing, in particular of the housing intermediate region, the so-called chamber conditioning. Additionally, the shield path sections of the vacuum interrupter can also be conditioned, either separately or simultaneously.
[0003] In the conditioning of a vacuum interrupter, an alternating voltage is usually applied to the dielectrically loaded regions of the vacuum interrupter. Usually, the alternating voltage, and thus also the conditioning energy, is provided by a transformer, and the conditioning of the switch contact elements or the housing of the vacuum interrupter is achieved by different contacts on the vacuum interrupter by a high-voltage side and a ground side.
[0004] From experience, the way in which the conditioning is carried out has a great influence on the dielectric properties in the application. If the vacuum interrupter is used in an environment with a surrounding ground, the so-called enclosure ground structure, in particular in gas-insulated switchgear, a potential shift of the chamber potential of the vacuum interrupter results. Since the ground side is not determined in principle in the application, a one-sided asymmetric chamber conditioning can also not help at all. That is to say, a two-sided asymmetric conditioning would be desirable. A simultaneous symmetric chamber conditioning with very high voltages can lead to damage.
[0005] In the conditioning, the conditioning program changes the travel (distance) of the switch contact elements and the frequency and voltage amplitude of the alternating voltage used for the conditioning in accordance with different program pre-given parameters and stored algorithms. Here, an effort should be made to continuously control these three parameters in order to capture as many field situations as possible. At present, the contact path conditioning and the chamber conditioning are carried out in separate conditioning steps. SUMMARY
[0006] The technical problem addressed by the invention is to give an improved method and an improved device for conditioning a vacuum interrupter.
[0007] According to the application, the above-mentioned technical problem is solved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by an apparatus having the features of claim 11.
[0008] Advantageous design forms of the application are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
[0009] In the method according to the application, a vacuum interrupter is commissioned, which has a housing and two switch contact elements movable relative to one another, which are arranged in the housing and are surrounded by a metallic housing intermediate region of the housing, wherein
[0010] - a first alternating voltage having a first frequency is applied to the first switch contact element,
[0011] - a second alternating voltage having a second frequency is applied to the second switch contact element, and
[0012] - a third alternating voltage having a third frequency is applied to the housing intermediate region,
[0013] - wherein at least two of the frequencies differ from one another. Here, the alternating voltages are, for example, voltages which change in a sinusoidal manner over time. For the alternating voltages of the same frequency, in particular the phase offset of these alternating voltages relative to one another can be settable.
[0014] That is, the method according to the application is configured to simultaneously apply an alternating voltage to the switching contact element of the vacuum interrupter and to the intermediate region of the housing, wherein at least two of these alternating voltages have a different frequency from one another. Then, due to the different frequencies, a commissioning voltage is applied between the switching contact elements and / or between the at least one switching contact element and the intermediate region of the housing, which commissioning voltage has an oscillating, i.e. an alternating, course over time with a periodically fluctuating amplitude. By means of the fluctuating amplitude, the commissioning voltage covers different voltage values when commissioning the vacuum interrupter without having to change the alternating voltages applied to the switching contact element and to the intermediate region of the housing. This in particular enables a simultaneous execution of a contact path commissioning and a chamber commissioning. Furthermore, by selecting the individual parameters of the three power supplies, the commissioning can be carried out significantly more flexibly. In particular, the potential spread of the housing of the vacuum interrupter can be mapped when commissioning, which corresponds to the application in the switching device in particular in the case of prevailing field-technical situations. Furthermore, a symmetrical and asymmetrical chamber commissioning can be carried out. Finally, the application enables the use of transformers with a lower rated voltage or a lower withstand voltage strength. The arrangement or connection of the transformers on both sides of the vacuum interrupter enables a simpler dielectric design of the feed of the commissioning voltage to the vacuum interrupter, since the commissioning voltage results from the superposition of the alternating voltages applied to the switching contact element and to the intermediate region of the housing and only the corresponding voltage feed has to be designed for these alternating voltages, not for the commissioning voltage itself.
[0015] In one design of the application, the first frequency coincides with the second frequency and differs from the third frequency. This design is particularly suitable for a chamber commissioning, since here an oscillation of the commissioning voltage is generated between the intermediate region of the housing and the two switching contact elements.
[0016] In another design of the application, the first frequency coincides with the third frequency and differs from the second frequency. Here, an oscillation of the commissioning voltage is generated between the switching contact elements and an oscillation of the commissioning voltage is generated between the intermediate region of the housing and the second switching contact element. Thereby, this design is particularly suitable for simultaneously carrying out a contact path commissioning and a chamber commissioning.
[0017] In another design of the application, the three frequencies differ from one another in pairs. Thereby, an oscillation of the commissioning voltage is generated between the switching contact elements and an oscillation of the commissioning voltage is generated between the intermediate region of the housing and the two switching contact elements. Thus, this design of the application is also particularly suitable for simultaneously carrying out a contact path commissioning and a chamber commissioning.
[0018] In another embodiment of the invention, at least two of the three AC voltages have different amplitudes from each other. In particular, all three AC voltages can have different amplitudes from each other. This allows for particularly flexible adjustment, especially when the amplitudes change.
[0019] In another design of the present invention, the ratio of the first frequency to the second frequency is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2.
[0020] In another design of the present invention, the ratio of the maximum value of the first frequency and the second frequency to the third frequency is greater than 0.5, and / or the ratio of the minimum value of the first frequency and the second frequency to the third frequency is less than 2.
[0021] In another embodiment of the invention, a fourth AC voltage having a fourth frequency different from the first frequency is applied in series with the first AC voltage to the first switch contact element, and / or a fifth AC voltage having a fifth frequency different from the second frequency is applied in series with the second AC voltage to the second switch contact element, and / or a sixth AC voltage having a sixth frequency different from the third frequency is applied in series with the third AC voltage to the intermediate region of the housing. For example, the ratio of the fourth frequency to the first frequency is at most 0.5, and / or the ratio of the fifth frequency to the second frequency is at most 0.5, and / or the ratio of the sixth frequency to the third frequency is at most 0.5.
[0022] In other words, the aforementioned design of the present invention provides up to six AC voltages for commissioning the vacuum switch tube, wherein two AC voltages are applied in series to the switch contact elements and / or to the central region of the housing. By varying the amplitude, frequency, and / or phase of these AC voltages, this design of the present invention provides further, greater possibilities or degrees of freedom for contact path commissioning and chamber commissioning. The frequency of the AC voltages can, for example, be set in the range of 30 Hz to 70 Hz.
[0023] This invention relates to an apparatus for commissioning a vacuum switch tube having a housing and two movable switch contact elements relative to each other, the two switch contact elements being arranged within the housing and surrounded by a metallic intermediate region of the housing, the apparatus comprising:
[0024] - A first power source, configured to apply a first AC voltage having a first frequency to a first switch contact element.
[0025] - A second power supply, configured to apply a second AC voltage having a second frequency to the second switch contact element, and
[0026] - A third power source is configured to apply a third AC voltage with a third frequency to the central region of the housing.
[0027] - Wherein, at least two frequencies are different from each other, or at least one power supply frequency can be set to different values.
[0028] In one design of the device according to the invention, the amplitudes of at least two AC voltages are different from each other, or the amplitude of at least one AC voltage can be set to different values.
[0029] Another design of the device according to the present invention includes:
[0030] - A fourth power supply, configured to apply, in series with the first AC voltage, a fourth AC voltage having a fourth frequency different from the first frequency to the first switch contact element, and / or
[0031] - A fifth power supply, configured to apply a fifth AC voltage having a fifth frequency different from the second frequency to the second switch contact element in series with the second AC voltage, and / or
[0032] - A sixth power supply is configured to apply a sixth AC voltage with a sixth frequency different from the third AC voltage to the central region of the housing in series with the third AC voltage.
[0033] The apparatus according to the invention enables the execution of the method according to the invention. Therefore, the advantages of the apparatus correspond to the advantages of the method according to the invention mentioned above. Attached Figure Description
[0034] The features, characteristics, advantages, and implementations of the present invention described above will become clearer and more readily understood in conjunction with the following detailed description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Herein, in the drawings:
[0035] Figure 1 A first embodiment of a vacuum switch tube and an apparatus for commissioning the vacuum switch tube is shown.
[0036] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the time-varying trend of the adjustment voltage between the two switching contact elements of a vacuum switch tube according to a first embodiment of the method of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the time-varying trend of the adjustment voltage between the two switching contact elements and the intermediate region of the housing of a vacuum switch tube according to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
[0038] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the time-varying trend of the adjustment voltage between the two switch contact elements of a vacuum switch tube according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
[0039] Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the time-varying trend of the adjustment voltage between the two switching contact elements and the intermediate region of the housing of a vacuum switch tube according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
[0040] Figure 6 A second embodiment of a vacuum switch tube and an apparatus for commissioning the vacuum switch tube is shown.
[0041] In the accompanying drawings, corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals. Detailed Implementation
[0042] Figure 1 (Appendix) Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a first embodiment of a vacuum switch tube 1 and a device 3 for commissioning the vacuum switch tube 1. The vacuum switch tube 1 includes a housing 5 and two switch contact elements 7 and 8 arranged within the housing 5 that are movable relative to each other. The housing 5 has a metallic intermediate housing region 9, two opposing metallic end regions 11 and 12, and two insulating regions 13 and 14 made of an electrically insulating material, such as ceramic. Each insulating region 13 and 14 connects the end regions 11 and 12 to the intermediate housing region 9. The first switch contact element 7 is arranged on a conductive first contact bolt 15, which is fixedly connected to the first end region 11. The second switch contact element 8 is arranged on a conductive second contact bolt 16, which is guided through an opening 20 in the second end region 12 and is axially movable relative to the housing 5, i.e., along its longitudinal axis. Therefore, the position of the first switch contact element 8 within the housing 5 is fixed, while the second switch contact element 9 is movable relative to the housing 5 and the first switch contact element 7 via the axial movement of the second contact bolt 16. Two shielding elements 17 and 18 are arranged within the housing 5. The first shielding element 17 extends from the middle region 9 of the housing and circumferentially surrounds the portion of the first contact bolt 15. The second shielding element 18 extends from the middle region 9 of the housing and circumferentially surrounds the portion of the second contact bolt 16. Furthermore, a bellows 19 is arranged within the housing 5, fixedly connected at one end to the second end region 12 of the housing 5 and at the second end to the second contact bolt 16. The bellows 19 seals the interior of the housing 5 relative to gas; without the bellows 19, gas can enter the interior of the housing 5 through the opening 20 in the second end region 12.
[0043] exist Figure 1 The cross-sectional view shows the housing 5, shielding elements 17 and 18, and bellows 19, excluding the first end region 11.
[0044] The apparatus 3 for debugging the vacuum switch tube 1 includes three power supplies 31, 32, and 33. The first power supply 31 is configured to apply a first AC voltage U1 having a first frequency f1 to the first switch contact element 7. For this purpose, the first end region 11 of the housing 5 is connected to the first power supply 31. The first switch contact element 7 is electrically connected to the first end region 11 via a first contact bolt 15. The second power supply 32 is configured to apply a second AC voltage U2 having a second frequency f2 to the second switch contact element 8. For this purpose, a second contact bolt 16 is connected to the second power supply 32. The third power supply 33 is configured to apply a third AC voltage Uk having a third frequency fk to the middle region 9 of the housing. Here, at least two frequencies f1, f2, and fk are different from each other, or the frequencies f1, f2, and fk of at least one power supply 31, 32, and 33 can be set to different values.
[0045] Therefore, a debugging voltage Us = U1 - U2 is applied between switch contact elements 7 and 8. A debugging voltage Uu = U1 - Uk is applied between the first switch contact element 7 and the intermediate region 9 of the housing. A debugging voltage Uo = Uk - U2 is applied between the intermediate region 9 of the housing and the second switch contact element 8. The debugging voltage Us is mainly used for contact path debugging, while the debugging voltages Uo and Uu are mainly used for chamber debugging.
[0046] Figure 2 (Appendix) Figure 2 )and Figure 3 (Appendix) Figure 3 According to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, the tuning voltages Us, Uo, and Uu are shown with respect to time t. In this embodiment, the frequencies f1 and f2, and the amplitudes of the AC voltages U1 and U2, are consistent; however, the AC voltage U2 is phase-shifted by 180° relative to the AC voltage U1. The frequency fk of the AC voltage Uk is slightly smaller than the frequencies f1 and f2 of the AC voltages U1 and U2. For example, the frequencies f1 and f2 are 50 Hz, while the frequency fk is 49 Hz. The amplitude of the AC voltage Uk may also differ from the amplitudes of the AC voltages U1 and U2, for example, by only 40% of the amplitudes of the AC voltages U1 and U2. Therefore, the tuning voltages Uo and Uu oscillate with the same oscillation period over time, but are phase-shifted by 180° relative to each other.
[0047] Figure 4 (Appendix) Figure 4 )and Figure 5 (Appendix) Figure 5According to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention, the adjustment voltages Us, Uo, and Uu are shown with respect to time t. In this embodiment, the frequencies f1, f2, and fk of all three AC voltages U1, U2, and Uk are slightly different from each other, where fk is the average of f1 and f2. For example, the frequencies are selected or set according to f1 = 49 Hz, f2 = 51 Hz, and fk = 50 Hz. The amplitudes of AC voltages U1 and U2 are the same, while the amplitude of AC voltage Uk is less than that of AC voltages U1 and U2, for example, 40% of the amplitudes of AC voltages U1 and U2. AC voltage U2 is phase-shifted by 180° relative to AC voltage U1 and by 90° relative to AC voltage Uk. Therefore, the adjustment voltages Us, Uo, and Uu oscillate over time, where the oscillation periods of adjustment voltages Uo and Uu are the same and twice the oscillation period T of adjustment voltage Us. t1 and t2 represent the time points when the amplitude of adjustment voltage Us is zero.
[0048] Figure 6 (Appendix) Figure 6 This illustrates a second embodiment of a vacuum switch tube 1 and a device 3 for adjusting the vacuum switch tube 1. The vacuum switch tube 1 and... Figure 1 The vacuum switch tube 1 shown has the same construction. The device 3 for adjusting the vacuum switch tube 1 is the same as... Figure 1 The device 3 shown differs in that, in addition to power supplies 31, 32, and 33, it also has a fourth power supply 34, a fifth power supply 35, and a sixth power supply 36. The fourth power supply 34 is configured to apply a fourth AC voltage U4, having a fourth frequency f4 different from the first frequency f1, in series with the first AC voltage U1 to the first switch contact element 7. The fifth power supply 35 is configured to apply a fifth AC voltage U5, having a fifth frequency f5 different from the second frequency f2, in series with the second AC voltage U2 to the second switch contact element 8. The sixth power supply 36 is configured to apply a sixth AC voltage U6, having a sixth frequency f6 different from the third frequency fk, in series with the third AC voltage Uk to the intermediate region 9 of the housing.
[0049] Although the invention has been shown and described in further detail through preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to the disclosed examples, and those skilled in the art can derive other variations therefrom without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.
[0050] Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, people with either male or female gender identity are included.
[0051] List of reference numerals
[0052] 1 Vacuum switch tube
[0053] 3. Apparatus for debugging vacuum switch tubes
[0054] 5. Shell
[0055] 7, 8 Switch contact elements
[0056] 9. Middle area of the shell
[0057] 11, 12 end regions
[0058] Insulator regions 13 and 14
[0059] 15 and 16 contact bolts
[0060] 17 and 18 shielding components
[0061] 19 Corrugated Pipe
[0062] 20 opening
[0063] 31 to 36 power supply
[0064] Frequency f1, f2, fk, f4, f5, f6
[0065] t time
[0066] t1 and t2 time points
[0067] T oscillation period
[0068] AC voltages U1, U2, UK, U4, U5, U6
[0069] Us, Uo, Uu Adjusting voltage
Claims
1. A method for commissioning a vacuum switch tube (1), the vacuum switch tube having a housing (5) and two movable switch contact elements (7, 8) relative to each other, the switch contact elements being arranged in the housing (5) and surrounded by a metallic intermediate region (9) of the housing (5), wherein, - Apply a first AC voltage (U1) with a first frequency (f1) to the first switch contact element (7). - Apply a second AC voltage (U2) with a second frequency (f2) to the second switch contact element (8), and - Apply a third AC voltage (Uk) with a third frequency (fk) to the middle region (9) of the housing. - Among them, at least two frequencies (f1, f2, fk) are different from each other.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first frequency (f1) is the same as the second frequency (f2) and different from the third frequency (fk).
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first frequency (f1) is the same as the third frequency (fk) and different from the second frequency (f2).
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The three frequencies (f1, f2, fk) are different from each other in pairs.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, At least two of the three AC voltages (U1, U2, Uk) have different amplitudes from each other.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, All three AC voltages (U1, U2, Uk) have different amplitudes from each other.
7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The ratio of the first frequency (f1) to the second frequency (f2) is in the range of 0.8 to 1.
2.
8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The ratio of the maximum value of the first frequency (f1) and the second frequency (f2) to the third frequency (fk) is greater than 0.5, and / or the ratio of the minimum value of the first frequency (f1) and the second frequency (f2) to the third frequency (fk) is less than 2.
9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, - A fourth AC voltage (U4) having a fourth frequency (f4) different from the first frequency (f1) is applied in series with the first AC voltage (U1) to the first switch contact element (7), and / or - A fifth AC voltage (U5) having a fifth frequency (f5) different from the second frequency (f2) is applied in series with the second AC voltage (U2) to the second switch contact element (8), and / or - A sixth AC voltage (U6) with a sixth frequency (f6) different from the third frequency (fk) is applied in series with the third AC voltage (Uk) to the middle region (9) of the housing.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, - The ratio of the fourth frequency (f4) to the first frequency (f1) is at most 0.5, and / or - The ratio of the fifth frequency (f5) to the second frequency (f2) is at most 0.5, and / or - The ratio of the sixth frequency (f6) to the third frequency (fk) is at most 0.
5.
11. A device (3) for commissioning a vacuum switch tube (1), the vacuum switch tube having a housing (5) and two switch contact elements (7, 8) movable relative to each other, the switch contact elements being arranged in the housing (5) and surrounded by a metallic housing intermediate region (9) of the housing (5), the device comprising: - The first power supply (31) is configured to apply a first AC voltage (U1) having a first frequency (f1) to the first switch contact element (7). - A second power supply (32) is configured to apply a second AC voltage (U2) having a second frequency (f2) to the second switch contact element (8), and - A third power source (33) is configured to apply a third AC voltage (Uk) with a third frequency (fk) to the intermediate region (9) of the housing. - Wherein, at least two frequencies (f1, f2, fk) are different from each other, or the frequencies (f1, f2, fk) of at least one power supply (31, 32, 33) can be set to different values.
12. The apparatus (3) according to claim 11, wherein, At least two AC voltages (U1, U2, Uk) have different amplitudes, or at least one AC voltage (U1, U2, Uk) can be set to different values.
13. The apparatus (3) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the apparatus comprises: - A fourth power supply (34) is configured to apply, in series with the first AC voltage (U1), a fourth AC voltage (U4) having a fourth frequency (f4) different from the first frequency (f1) to the first switch contact element (7), and / or - A fifth power supply (35) is configured to apply, in series with the second AC voltage (U2), a fifth AC voltage (U5) having a fifth frequency (f5) different from the second frequency (f2) to the second switch contact element (8), and / or - The sixth power supply (36) is configured to apply a sixth AC voltage (U6) having a sixth frequency (f6) different from the third frequency (fk) to the intermediate region (9) of the housing in series with the third AC voltage (Uk).