Sports waterproof fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof sports fabric, and relates to the technical field of sports textile fabrics, the waterproof sports fabric sequentially comprises a skin-friendly antibacterial layer, a matrix microsphere layer, a gradient enhancement layer and a functional coating from inside to outside, and the components and proportions of the layers are as follows: the skin-friendly antibacterial layer comprises base cloth, an adhesive and an antibacterial agent; the base cloth is any one of bamboo fiber-polylactic acid fiber composite cloth, wool-polylactic acid fiber blended cloth or polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended cloth; the matrix microsphere layer comprises a bio-based modified matrix and composite functional microspheres; the gradient enhancement layer comprises a fiber raw material, and the functional coating comprises a waterproof transition layer on the bottom layer, a waterproof anti-fouling layer on the surface layer and a functional layer; component proportions of all the layers are accurately matched, temperature and humidity response and self-repairing efficiency are guaranteed, and the mechanical property of the fabric is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sports textile fabric technology, specifically to a waterproof sports fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the outdoor sports industry, the market's performance requirements for waterproof sports fabrics have evolved from simple waterproofing to multi-functional synergy and environmental sustainability. However, existing technologies still have the following key shortcomings: (1) Poor functional synergy: Although traditional bio-based waterproof fabrics are biodegradable, they are prone to brittleness in low-temperature environments (the glass transition temperature is mostly higher than -30℃), and the intelligent temperature and humidity response (such as dynamic breathability) is difficult to be compatible with the self-healing function. Single-function carriers (such as ordinary temperature-sensitive microspheres) are prone to problems such as response lag (>30s) and low repair efficiency (24h repair rate <80%). (2) Weak antibacterial and antiviral properties: Most sports fabrics rely on a single antibacterial ingredient (such as chitosan), and the antibacterial rate decreases to less than 60% after 50 washes. They also lack virus inactivation design and cannot meet the needs of complex outdoor hygiene scenarios. (3) Imbalance between environmental protection and durability: Non-bio-based waterproof fabrics (such as PU-coated nylon fabrics) have a natural degradation cycle of more than 50 years, while existing bio-based fabrics can withstand less than 30 washes, and the recycling rate of scrap materials during the preparation process is less than 5%, resulting in serious waste of resources. (4) Low scene adaptability: General-purpose outdoor fabrics cannot be customized for special scenes - such as high cold resistance (not brittle at -40℃) and wind resistance (>3000Pa) for alpine skiing, and ultra-low temperature brittleness resistance (elongation retention rate at break at -60℃ >85%) and high warmth retention (warmth retention rate >80%) for polar exploration. Existing fabrics often have redundant performance or fail to meet key indicators.

[0003] Therefore, developing a waterproof sports fabric that can achieve synergy of molecular-micron-macro three-level structures, integrate multiple functions, has controllable processes, and is environmentally friendly throughout its entire life cycle is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to address the technical pain points of existing sports waterproof fabrics, such as poor functional synergy, insufficient low-temperature brittleness resistance, weak antibacterial and antiviral capabilities, contradiction between environmental protection and durability, and low adaptability to various scenarios. It provides a sports waterproof fabric and its preparation method, achieving unified performance across multiple aspects while meeting the customized needs of diverse outdoor scenarios.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a sports waterproof fabric, comprising, from the inside out, a skin-friendly antibacterial layer, a matrix microsphere layer, a gradient reinforcement layer, and a functional coating, with the following components for each layer: The skin-friendly antibacterial layer includes a base fabric, an adhesive, and an antibacterial agent; The base fabric is any one of bamboo fiber-polylactic acid fiber composite fabric, wool-polylactic acid fiber blended fabric, or polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fabric; the mass ratio of bamboo fiber to polylactic acid fiber in the bamboo fiber-polylactic acid fiber composite fabric is 5:5; the mass ratio of wool to polylactic acid fiber in the wool-polylactic acid fiber blended fabric is 4:6, mainly suitable for polar expedition scenarios; the mass ratio of polylactic acid fiber to polyhydroxyalkanoate in the polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fabric is 5:5, mainly suitable for everyday running scenarios. The adhesive is a bio-based polylactic acid adhesive with a solid content of 30%, a coating amount of 15-18% of the base fabric mass, and a roll-off rate of 50-60% after impregnation. The antibacterial agent is a nano ZnO solution with a particle size of 10-20 nm, and the spraying amount is 2-3 wt% relative to the mass of the base fabric.

[0006] The matrix microsphere layer comprises a bio-based modified matrix and composite functional microspheres; The bio-based modified matrix is ​​composed of polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM graft copolymer, epoxy-modified chitosan, epoxy resin (EP), nano-SiO2, and citric acid crosslinking agent. The mass ratio of polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM graft copolymer to epoxy-modified chitosan is 7:3-8:2. The epoxy resin accounts for 15% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix, the nano-SiO2 (modified with KH570) accounts for 8-10% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix, and the citric acid crosslinking agent accounts for 6% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix. The composite functional microspheres account for 15-20% of the total mass of the matrix microsphere layer, and their component mass ratio is: PNIPAM temperature-sensitive core: PU prepolymer: polyetheramine D230: sodium alginate-chitosan copolymer: amino-modified nano-SiO2 = 10:7:7:6:1.6, and also contains 0.6-0.8 wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.4-0.5 wt% template agent P123; the mass ratio of sodium alginate to chitosan in the sodium alginate-chitosan copolymer is 1:1.

[0007] The gradient reinforcement layer includes fiber raw materials, which are composed of aramid fibers and polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester blended fibers with a mass ratio of 6:4-7:3, and the mass ratio of polylactic acid fiber to polyhydroxy fatty acid ester in the polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester blended fibers is 7:3.

[0008] The functional coating includes a bottom waterproof transition layer, a top waterproof and anti-fouling layer, and a functional layer. The waterproof transition layer is a nano-SiO2 modified PU-EP coating liquid with a coating amount of 20-25g / m² and a thickness of 20-25μm; The waterproof and anti-fouling layer is a fluorinated graphene-TiO2 composite coating, with a mass ratio of fluorinated graphene to TiO2 of 3:2, a coating amount of 12-15 g / m², and a thickness of 12-15 μm. The functional layer is one or both of the following: a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) windproof layer and a nano CeO2-UV-327 UV-resistant layer; the PTFE windproof layer has a thickness of 5-10 μm and is suitable for alpine skiing scenarios; the nano CeO2-UV-327 UV-resistant layer has a mass ratio of nano CeO2 to UV-327 of 1:1 and a thickness of 5 μm, and is suitable for outdoor mountaineering scenarios.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned waterproof sports fabric, comprising the following steps: Preparation of S1 composite functional microspheres: Synthesis of PNIPAM temperature-sensitive cores: In a 500mL three-necked flask, add 10g NIPAM (purity ≥98%), 60-80mL deionized water, and 0.3-0.4g AIBN. After nitrogen purging three times, keep the temperature at 60℃ for 4h to obtain PNIPAM temperature-sensitive cores with a particle size of 1-2μm. Two-component self-healing intermediate layer coating: Dissolve 7g of PU prepolymer (NCO content 10-12%) and 7g of polyetheramine D230 in 20mL of acetone, respectively, and ultrasonically emulsify at 300W for 10min. Then, drop in PNIPAM temperature-sensitive core solution, adjust the pH to 7.2-7.5, and stir at 300rpm for 2h to form an intermediate layer with a thickness of 1-1.5μm. Moisture-sensitive antibacterial outer coating: Dissolve 3g sodium alginate, 3g chitosan, 0.7g chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and 0.45g P123 in 50mL deionized water. After dissolving at 50℃, add the above intermediate layer solution, then add 1.6g amino-modified nano-SiO2 (particle size 20-30nm), stir for 30min, add 2wt% glutaraldehyde dropwise until gel, vacuum dry at 60℃ for 8h, and remove P123 by Soxhlet extraction with ethanol at 80℃ for 6h to obtain composite functional microspheres containing mesoporous (pore size 2-5nm).

[0010] Preparation of S2 bio-based modified matrix: Polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM grafting modification: 10g polyhydroxyalkanoate film (number average molecular weight 5×10) 5 -6×10 5 After being irradiated with gamma rays (dose 50 kGy, dose rate 2 kGy / h), the product was immersed in 20 wt% NIPAM solution (containing 0.1 g BPO), reacted at 80 °C for 6 h, and then extracted with ethanol by Soxhlet for 8 h to obtain a polyhydroxy fatty acid ester-NIPAM graft copolymer with a grafting rate of 15-20%. Preparation of epoxy-modified chitosan: 10g chitosan was dissolved in 80-100mL of deionized water, 12mmol epichlorohydrin was added, the pH was adjusted to 9.0, the reaction was carried out at 60℃ for 4h, washed 3 times with ethanol, and dried under vacuum at 60℃ for 6h to obtain epoxy-modified chitosan with an epoxy degree of substitution of 0.8-1.0. Matrix preparation: Mix polyhydroxy fatty acid ester-NIPAM graft copolymer and epoxy-modified chitosan in proportion, add epoxy resin, nano SiO2 and citric acid crosslinking agent, ultrasonically disperse at 500W for 30min, stir at 1000rpm for 1h, add composite functional microspheres (accounting for 15-20%), stir evenly to obtain matrix microsphere slurry.

[0011] Fabrication of the S3 gradient enhancement layer: Aramid fibers and polylactic acid fibers-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester blended fibers are mixed according to the fiber mass ratio and knitted using a double needle bed weft knitting machine. The knitting method is 12 needles / inch for the outer layer and 8 needles / inch for the inner layer, with a knitting speed of 2m / min. Then, the fibers are pre-treated by hot pressing at 140℃ and 0.6MPa for 2min to remove impurities.

[0012] S4 Layered Composite and Post-processing: Preparation of skin-friendly antibacterial layer: impregnate the base fabric with 15-18wt% polylactic acid adhesive, pre-bake at 80℃ for 3min, spray with 2-3wt% nano ZnO solution, and cure at 100℃ for 10min. Substrate microsphere coating: Apply substrate microsphere slurry to the surface of the skin-friendly antibacterial layer with a thickness of 40-50μm and a coating amount of 45-50g / m². Reinforcing layer composite: Lay a gradient reinforcing layer and hot press at 120℃ and 0.4MPa for 5 minutes to bond the reinforcing layer with the matrix microsphere layer; Functional coating application: First, apply nano-SiO2 modified PU-EP coating liquid and cure at 110℃ for 20 minutes; then spray on fluorinated graphene-TiO2 composite coating; if windproofing is required, apply the PTFE windproof layer under the waterproof transition layer after hot pressing at 130℃ and 0.5MPa for 3 minutes; if UV resistance is required, spray the nano CeO2-UV-327 UV-resistant layer on top of the waterproof and anti-fouling layer after curing at 80℃ for 30 minutes. S5 Function Activation: Gradient temperature treatment, treated at -40℃ for 1 hour, then at 25℃ for 0.5 hours, then at 40℃ for 1 hour, and cured with 365nm ultraviolet light (100mW / cm²) for 10 minutes to obtain sports waterproof fabric.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The proportions of each layer of components are precisely matched. The mass ratio of microspheres to matrix in the matrix microsphere layer is controlled at 15-20%, which ensures both temperature and humidity response and self-repair efficiency, without affecting the mechanical properties of the fabric. (2) By grafting PHA-NIPAM and filling with nano-SiO2, the fabric Tg was reduced to below -55℃, and the elongation at break at -60℃ was retained at ≥85%; (3) The proportion of all bio-based components is ≥80%, the natural degradation rate in 6 months is ≥90%, the scrap recycling rate is ≥95%, and the number of water washes is >50, while the waterproof rating remains above 90% of IPX8; (4) By adjusting the base fabric type, the fiber ratio of the reinforcing layer, and the functional coating, the core needs of different outdoor scenarios can be met. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0017] Example 1: This example provides a waterproof sports fabric suitable for ultra-low temperature and high warmth requirements, and its preparation method.

[0018] Scenario requirements: No brittleness at -60℃, heat retention rate ≥85%, wind resistance ≥3500Pa; Skin-friendly antibacterial layer: Selected wool-PLA blended fabric, with a wool to PLA mass ratio of 4:6. Wool fibers can improve warmth retention. The matrix microsphere layer consists of a PHA-NIPAM graft copolymer and epoxy-modified chitosan in a mass ratio of 7:3. The high proportion of chitosan can improve low-temperature toughness. The amount of nano-SiO2 added is 10wt% to enhance the anti-embrittlement ability. The proportion of composite microspheres is 20% to ensure self-healing efficiency. Gradient reinforcement layer: The mass ratio of aramid to PLA-PHA is 7:3. Increasing the amount of aramid can improve the mechanical stability at low temperature. Functional coating: A 10μm thick polytetrafluoroethylene windproof layer is added to improve wind resistance.

[0019] The preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps: Preparation of S1 composite functional microspheres; Take 10g of NIPAM, 70mL of deionized water, and 0.35g of AIBN. After reacting at 60℃ for 4h, measure the particle size with a laser particle size analyzer to ensure that the particle size is within the range of 1.5-2μm. If the particle size is too small, extend the reaction time by 1h. If the particle size is too large, reduce the amount of AIBN to 0.3g. Take 7g of PU prepolymer with an NCO content of 11%, and another 7g of polyetheramine D230. Dissolve both in acetone and then ultrasonically emulsify at 300W for 10min. When adding the thermosensitive nuclear solution, control the dropping rate to 1mL / min to avoid local agglomeration. Take 3g of sodium alginate, 3g of chitosan, 0.7g of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and 0.45g of P123. Stir at 50℃ until completely dissolved, ensuring the solution transmittance is ≥90%. Add 1.6g of amino-modified nano-SiO2 with a particle size of 25nm. After stirring for 30min, adjust the pH to 6.5 with 0.1mol / L HCl. Then, add 2wt% glutaraldehyde to the system to gel, controlling the gelation time to 5-8min. If the gelation time is too short, reduce the amount of glutaraldehyde. Then, vacuum dry at 60℃ for 8h, controlling the vacuum degree to -0.09MPa. Then, extract with ethanol using Soxhlet extraction for 6h, changing the ethanol every 2h to ensure the P123 removal rate is ≥98%. Finally, observe the microspheres using a scanning electron microscope; the mesopore size should be in the range of 2-3nm.

[0020] Preparation of S2 bio-based modified matrix; Take 10g of PHA film, its number average molecular weight is 6×10 5 After being treated with gamma ray radiation at a dose rate of 2 kGy / h and a total dose of 50 kGy, the sample was immersed in a 20 wt% NIPAM solution containing 0.1 g of BPO and reacted at 80°C for 6 h. Then, it was extracted with ethanol by Soxhlet extraction for 8 h, with the ethanol being replaced every 4 h. The grafting was confirmed to be successful by the appearance of an NH bending vibration peak at 1650 cm⁻¹ using infrared spectroscopy. The grafting rate was calculated to be 18% by weighing, which meets the requirement of 15-20%. Take 10g of chitosan, 90mL of deionized water, and 12mmol of epichlorohydrin. Monitor the pH in real time with a pH meter and adjust the pH to 9.0. React at 60℃ for 4h. After filtration, wash with ethanol 3 times, soaking for 10min each time. Then, vacuum dry at 60℃ for 6h. The degree of epoxy substitution was determined by potentiometric titration to be 0.9, which meets the requirements of 0.8-1.0. Take 70g of PHA-NIPAM, 30g of epoxy-modified chitosan, 15g of EP, 10g of KH570-modified nano-SiO2 with a particle size of 30nm, and 6g of citric acid. Disperse the mixture using ultrasonic power at 500W for 30min, pausing for 2min every 10min to avoid overheating. Then stir at high speed at 1000rpm for 1h. Add 20g of composite functional microspheres and stir for 30min. Measure the viscosity using a rotational viscometer and control the viscosity within the range of 5500-6000mPa・s. If the viscosity is too low, add 1g of citric acid; if the viscosity is too high, add 1mL of deionized water.

[0021] Preparation of S3 gradient reinforcement layer: Take 70g of aramid fiber and 30g of PLA-PHA blended fiber, where the mass ratio of PLA to PHA is 7:3. After mixing, comb the mixture evenly with a carding machine, requiring the fiber disorder to be ≤5%. Knit the layer using a double needle bed weft knitting machine: the outer layer needle pitch is 12 needles / inch, the mesh size is 0.8×0.8cm, the inner layer needle pitch is 8 needles / inch, the mesh size is 1.2×1.2cm, and the knitting speed is 2m / min. Then, pre-treat the layer with hot pressing at 140℃ and 0.6MPa for 2min. After hot pressing, test the tear strength with a tensile testing machine to ensure that the tear strength is ≥600N. If the strength is insufficient, extend the hot pressing time to 3min.

[0022] S4 layered lamination and post-processing; The wool-PLA blended fabric is impregnated with 18wt% polylactic acid adhesive, which has a solid content of 30%. The sputtering rate is measured using a sputtering rate tester to ensure it is 60%. The fabric is pre-dried at 80℃ for 3 minutes, and the moisture content of the fabric surface after drying must be ≤5%. A 2.5wt% nano ZnO solution with a particle size of 15nm is sprayed on top, and the fabric is cured at 100℃ for 10 minutes. The initial antibacterial rate is measured using the inhibition zone method to ensure it is ≥99%. The substrate microsphere slurry is coated with a doctor blade, and the thickness is monitored in real time with a coating thickness gauge to ensure that the thickness is 45μm. One measurement is taken every 10cm, and the thickness deviation must be ≤±2μm. Lay the gradient reinforcement layer and hot-press it for 5 minutes at 120℃ and 0.4MPa. After hot pressing, use a peel strength tester to measure the interlayer peel strength to ensure that the interlayer peel strength is ≥35N / 25mm. A nano-SiO2 modified PU-EP coating liquid with a thickness of 25μm was applied and cured at 110℃ for 20min. After curing, the hydrostatic pressure resistance was measured to ensure that the hydrostatic pressure resistance is ≥2500mmH2O. A 10μm thick polytetrafluoroethylene film was laminated under the following conditions: 130℃, 0.5MPa, 3min. After hot pressing, the wind resistance was measured to ensure that the wind resistance is ≥4000Pa. A fluorinated graphene-TiO2 coating with a thickness of 15μm was sprayed, wherein the mass ratio of fluorinated graphene to TiO2 was 3:2. Gradient temperature treatment was performed, with the process being: -40℃ for 1 hour, then 25℃ for 0.5 hours, then 40℃ for 1 hour, with the temperature change rate controlled at 5℃ / min to avoid sudden cooling and heating that could cause the fabric to crack. After that, it was cured with 365nm ultraviolet light for 10 minutes at a power of 100mW / cm². After curing, infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the curing process, and the presence of the ester group characteristic peak at 1720cm⁻¹ proved that the curing was complete.

[0023] The performance test results of this embodiment are shown in Table 1; Table 1: Performance Test Results of Example 1

[0024] Example 2: This example provides a sports waterproof fabric that meets the requirements of high abrasion resistance and UV resistance, and its preparation method.

[0025] Scenario requirements: tear resistance ≥700N, UPF value ≥100, antibacterial rate ≥85% after 100 washes; Skin-friendly antibacterial layer: bamboo fiber-PLA composite fabric with a bamboo fiber to PLA mass ratio of 5:5, which combines breathability and lightweight properties. The amount of nano ZnO spraying is 3wt% to improve the antibacterial durability. The matrix microsphere layer consists of a PHA-NIPAM graft copolymer and an epoxy-modified chitosan in a mass ratio of 8:2. The high proportion of PHA can improve wear resistance, and the composite microspheres account for 18%. Gradient reinforcement layer: The mass ratio of aramid to PLA-PHA is 7:3, and the outer mesh size is 0.7×0.7cm. The denser mesh can improve wear resistance. Functional coating: A 5μm thick nano CeO2-UV-327 UV-resistant layer is added, in which the mass ratio of nano CeO2 to UV-327 is 1:1, to improve UV resistance.

[0026] Compared with Example 1, the preparation method of this example differs in that: Gradient reinforcement layer knitting: the outer layer has a stitch pitch of 12 stitches / inch and a mesh size of 0.7×0.7cm, the inner layer has a stitch pitch of 8 stitches / inch and a mesh size of 1.0×1.0cm. After knitting, the initial abrasion resistance is measured using a Martindale abrasion tester to ensure that the initial abrasion resistance is ≥5000 times. If the abrasion resistance is insufficient, the aramid ratio is adjusted to 75%. Functional coating application: The preparation method of nano CeO2-UV-327 anti-ultraviolet layer is as follows: Take 5g of nano CeO2 with a particle size of 10nm and 5g of UV-327, dissolve them in 50mL of ethanol, ultrasonically disperse for 20min, spray with a thickness of 5μm, cure at 80℃ for 30min, and after curing, use a UV spectrophotometer to measure the UPF value to ensure that the UPF value is ≥120. The performance test results of this embodiment are shown in Table 2; Table 2: Performance Test Results of Example 2

[0027] Example 3: This example provides a sports waterproof fabric that meets the requirements of lightweight and highly breathable materials, and a method for preparing the same.

[0028] Scenario requirements: Surface density ≤ 200g / m², air permeability ≥ 5000g / (m²・24h), therefore adjustments are made: Skin-friendly antibacterial layer: PLA-PHA blended fabric, which is lightweight and biodegradable, with a polylactic acid adhesive coating of 15wt%, which reduces the amount of adhesive used and improves breathability. The matrix microsphere layer contains 15% composite microspheres; reducing the amount of microspheres can reduce the weight of the fabric. The amount of nano-SiO2 added is 8 wt%. Gradient reinforcement layer: The mass ratio of aramid to PLA-PHA is 6:4. Reducing the amount of aramid can reduce the weight of the fabric. Functional coating: No optional layers are added, and reducing the coating thickness can improve breathability.

[0029] The performance test results of this embodiment are shown in Table 3; Table 3: Performance Test Results of Example 4

[0030] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features not described in this invention can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention. This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention do not depart from the spirit of this invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof sports fabric, characterized in that, From the inside out, the layers are: a skin-friendly antibacterial layer, a matrix microsphere layer, a gradient reinforcement layer, and a functional coating. The components of each layer are as follows: The skin-friendly antibacterial layer includes a base fabric, an adhesive, and an antibacterial agent; the base fabric is any one of bamboo fiber-polylactic acid fiber composite fabric, wool-polylactic acid fiber blended fabric, or polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxy fatty acid ester blended fabric; the adhesive is a bio-based polylactic acid adhesive; and the antibacterial agent is a nano-ZnO solution. The matrix microsphere layer comprises a bio-based modified matrix and composite functional microspheres; the bio-based modified matrix is ​​composed of polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM graft copolymer, epoxy-modified chitosan, epoxy resin, nano-SiO2, and citric acid crosslinking agent; the composite functional microsphere components have the following mass ratio: PNIPAM temperature-sensitive core: PU prepolymer: polyetheramine D230: sodium alginate-chitosan copolymer: amino-modified nano-SiO2 = 10:7:7:6:1.6, and also contains 0.6-0.8 wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.4-0.5 wt% template agent P123; the gradient reinforcement layer comprises fiber raw materials, which are composed of aramid fibers and polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fibers with a mass ratio of 6:4-7:3, and the mass ratio of polylactic acid fiber to polyhydroxyalkanoate in the polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fibers is 7:

3. The functional coating comprises a bottom waterproof transition layer, a top waterproof and anti-fouling layer, and a functional layer; the waterproof transition layer is a nano-SiO2 modified PU-EP coating liquid; the waterproof and anti-fouling layer is a fluorinated graphene-TiO2 composite coating, with a mass ratio of fluorinated graphene to TiO2 of 3:2; the functional layer is one or both of a polytetrafluoroethylene windproof layer and a nano-CeO2-UV-327 anti-UV layer; the mass ratio of nano-CeO2 to UV-327 in the nano-CeO2-UV-327 anti-UV layer is 1:

1.

2. The sports waterproof fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of bamboo fiber to polylactic acid fiber in the bamboo fiber-polylactic acid fiber composite fabric is 5:5; the mass ratio of wool to polylactic acid fiber in the wool-polylactic acid fiber blended fabric is 4:6; and the mass ratio of polylactic acid fiber to polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fabric is 5:

5.

3. The sports waterproof fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the polyhydroxy fatty acid ester-NIPAM graft copolymer to the epoxy-modified chitosan is 7:3-8:2, the epoxy resin accounts for 15% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix, the nano-SiO2 accounts for 8-10% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix, and the citric acid crosslinking agent accounts for 6% of the total mass of the bio-based modified matrix.

4. A method for preparing the sports waterproof fabric as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Preparation of S1 composite functional microspheres: In a 500mL three-necked flask, add 10g of NIPAM with a purity ≥98%, 60-80mL of deionized water, and 0.3-0.4g of AIBN. After nitrogen purging three times, the mixture is reacted at 60℃ for 4h to obtain PNIPAM temperature-sensitive cores with a particle size of 1-2μm. Dissolve 7g of PU prepolymer with an NCO content of 10-12% and 7g of polyetheramine D230 in 20mL of acetone, respectively, and sonicate at 300W for 10min. Add the solutions dropwise to the PNIPAM temperature-sensitive core solution, adjust the pH to 7.2-7.5, and stir at 300rpm for 2h to form a 1-1.5μm thick intermediate layer. Add 3g of sodium alginate, 3g of chitosan, 0.7g of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and 0.45g of P123. Dissolve in 50 mL of deionized water, add the above intermediate layer solution after dissolving at 50 °C, then add 1.6 g of amino-modified nano-SiO2 with a particle size of 20-30 nm, stir for 30 min, add 2 wt% glutaraldehyde dropwise until gel, vacuum dry at 60 °C for 8 h, and remove P123 by Soxhlet extraction with ethanol at 80 °C for 6 h to obtain composite functional microspheres; Preparation of S2 bio-based modified matrix: 10 g of polyhydroxyalkanoate film is irradiated with γ-rays, immersed in 20 wt% NIPAM solution, reacted at 80 °C for 6 h, and extracted with ethanol by Soxhlet extraction for 8 h to obtain polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM graft copolymer with a grafting rate of 15-20%; 10 g of chitosan is dissolved in 80-100 mL of deionized water, 12 mmol of epichlorohydrin is added, and the pH is adjusted to 9. The reaction was carried out at 0-60℃ for 4 hours, followed by washing with ethanol three times and vacuum drying at 60℃ for 6 hours to obtain epoxy-modified chitosan with an epoxy substitution degree of 0.8-1.

0. Polyhydroxyalkanoate-NIPAM graft copolymer and epoxy-modified chitosan were mixed in proportion, and epoxy resin, nano-SiO2, and citric acid crosslinking agent were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed at 500W for 30 minutes, stirred at 1000rpm for 1 hour, and then composite functional microspheres were added and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a matrix microsphere slurry. Preparation of the S3 gradient reinforcement layer: Aramid fibers and polylactic acid fiber-polyhydroxyalkanoate blended fibers were mixed according to the fiber mass ratio and knitted using a double-needle bed weft knitting machine. The knitting method was 12 needles / inch for the outer layer and 8 needles / inch for the inner layer, with a knitting speed of 2m / min. Then, the mixture was dried at 140℃ and 0-60℃. Pre-treatment with 0.6MPa hot pressing for 2 min; S4 Layered composite and post-treatment: The base fabric is impregnated with 15-18wt% polylactic acid adhesive, pre-baked at 80℃ for 3 min, sprayed with 2-3wt% nano ZnO solution, and cured at 100℃ for 10 min to obtain a skin-friendly antibacterial layer; a substrate microsphere slurry with a thickness of 40-50μm and a coating amount of 45-50g / m² is scraped onto the surface of the skin-friendly antibacterial layer; a gradient reinforcement layer is laid, and hot-pressed at 120℃ and 0.4MPa for 5 min to bond the reinforcement layer with the substrate microsphere layer; a nano SiO2 modified PU-EP coating liquid is first coated and cured at 110℃ for 20 min; then a fluorinated graphene-TiO2 composite coating is sprayed; S5 Functional activation: treated at -40℃ for 1 h, and then treated at 25℃ for 0 min.The mixture is left to stand for 5 hours, then treated at 40℃ for 1 hour, and cured with 365nm ultraviolet light for 10 minutes to obtain the sports waterproof fabric.

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