Elevator state monitoring system and using method

Abstract

The invention provides an elevator state monitoring system and a using method, and relates to the technical field of elevators. The system comprises two monitoring assemblies which are arranged on the outer walls of the back face and the side face of a lift car correspondingly. Each monitoring assembly comprises two laser distance measuring sensors which are located on the same vertical line track and fixed to the outer wall of the lift car. Wherein a plurality of measuring belts and a plurality of reference belts which are matched with the two laser distance measuring sensors are correspondingly arranged on the well wall on the side parts of the two laser distance measuring sensors of the monitoring assembly, and the plurality of measuring belts and the plurality of reference belts are connected in sequence and are arranged in the same vertical line track. The operation stability of the elevator car is monitored so that maintenance can be carried out in time according to the operation stability of the elevator car.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator technology, specifically to an elevator status monitoring system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] An elevator is a permanent transportation device that serves several specific floors within a building. Its car moves between at least two rigid guide rails that are perpendicular to the horizontal plane or have an angle of inclination of less than 15° to the vertical. It is a fixed lifting device serving designated floors. A vertical elevator has one car that runs between at least two rigid guide rails that are vertical or have an inclination angle of less than 15°. The size and structure of the car facilitate passenger entry and exit or loading and unloading of goods. Conventionally, regardless of its drive method, elevator is used as a general term for vertical transportation tools within a building.

[0003] In the existing technology, elevators need to be maintained regularly. However, since the maintenance interval is fixed, usually once every half month, during the interval, elevator malfunctions may occur due to improper use or frequent use in a short period of time. Maintenance personnel cannot perform maintenance and inspection work in time, which leads to the accumulation of these abnormalities and eventually causes major elevator failures or safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to develop an elevator status monitoring system and its usage method for monitoring the operational stability of an elevator car so as to perform timely maintenance based on the operational stability of the car.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An elevator status monitoring system includes two sets of monitoring components respectively installed on the back and side walls of the car. The monitoring components include two laser rangefinders that are on the same vertical trajectory and fixed on the outer wall of the car.

[0007] The monitoring component has multiple measuring bands and multiple reference bands on the well wall on the side of the two laser ranging sensors. The multiple measuring bands and reference bands are connected in sequence and arranged in the same vertical straight line trajectory.

[0008] Optionally, the measuring band is fixed to the wellbore wall by a bracket, and the reference band is directly fixed to the wellbore wall.

[0009] Optionally, the support includes a support rod horizontally fixed to the well wall, the measuring belt is connected and fixed to the support rod, and the support rod is provided with diagonal bracing plates at the top and bottom.

[0010] Optionally, the reference belt is connected to a base on its back, and the base is secured to the well wall by bolts.

[0011] Optionally, the difference between the distance between the measuring strip and the car and the distance between the reference strip and the car is at least 5 cm.

[0012] Optionally, the position of the reference band corresponds to the elevator landing door. When the car stops at the landing door and the car sill is flush with the landing door sill, at least one of the reference bands is located on the side of the laser ranging sensor.

[0013] A method for using an elevator status monitoring system includes:

[0014] During elevator installation, two sets of monitoring components are installed on the back and side walls of the car. The two sets of monitoring components are located on both sides of the back or side of the car where they are installed. A reference band and a measuring band corresponding to the monitoring components are installed on the shaft wall.

[0015] During elevator commissioning, the distance data measured by each laser rangefinder during the car's movement is recorded. This distance data serves as the baseline data and is entered into the database.

[0016] During elevator operation, the monitoring system can be kept on, periodically switched on, or manually switched on and off remotely. When the monitoring system is working, it acquires the current elevator weighing data. During the operation of the elevator car, the distance data measured by each laser ranging sensor is compared with the corresponding benchmark data in the database. The distance difference at the same position is compared laterally, an upper limit for the distance difference is set, the number of positions exceeding the upper limit for the distance difference is obtained, and the positions of these positions in the shaft are marked so that they can be restored and troubleshooted during elevator maintenance and inspection.

[0017] Based on the number and magnitude of the exceedance of the distance difference limit, a comprehensive assessment is made as to whether elevator maintenance and inspection work should be carried out in advance. Based on the number and distribution of exceedances of the distance difference limit, it is determined whether the car is vibrating and the vibration amplitude and frequency.

[0018] Optionally, during the actual operation of the elevator car within the shaft, a shaft coordinate system and origin are established based on the distance data between each laser ranging sensor and the measuring and reference zones, as well as the corresponding distance data in the database. The time reference is unified. Through multi-source data fusion, coordinate transformation, point cloud construction, 3D modeling, and real-time rendering, a 3D shaft model, an actual car operation model, and a car reference model are generated. The actual car operation model and the car reference model are displayed in different colors to intuitively show the car's sway direction and displacement direction, providing support for subsequent maintenance and inspection work.

[0019] Optionally, when installing a certain reference band and a corresponding laser rangefinder, position calibration is performed to ensure that when the car sill and the landing door sill are flush, the laser of the laser rangefinder is in the vertical middle of the reference band, and the vertical length of the reference band matches the height difference between the car sill and the landing door sill.

[0020] If the distance measured by the laser rangefinder is the distance between it and the reference band, then the height difference between the car sill and the landing sill is acceptable; otherwise, if the measured distance is the distance between the laser rangefinder and the measuring band, then the height difference between the car sill and the landing sill is unacceptable.

[0021] If the measured distance is ±5 cm between the laser rangefinder and the reference band, then the laser rangefinder has deformed its position on the car or there is a problem with the elevator guidance system.

[0022] Optionally, the reference band, in conjunction with the laser rangefinder sensor, serves as a means of monitoring the car's position within the hoistway, including two position monitoring methods:

[0023] The position of the elevator car can be determined by the number of reference strips it passes through in sequence when the elevator car is moving up and down.

[0024] By controlling the distance at which the reference zone for different floors protrudes from the shaft wall, the floors can be marked.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] The operational stability of an elevator car is related to most elevator anomalies. For example, traction machine bearing wear, poor gear meshing, guide system failure (guide rail deformation, abnormal wear of guide shoes, etc.), uneven wire rope tension, broken wires, insufficient braking torque of the brake, and car deformation can all lead to problems with the car's operational stability. Furthermore, problems with the car's operational stability also seriously affect the riding experience and safety of passengers. This invention monitors the operational stability of the elevator car, enabling timely intervention to carry out maintenance and inspection when abnormalities occur, thus preventing the fault from being delayed to the next maintenance cycle and causing the fault to become more serious or seriously affecting the safety of the elevator.

[0027] Monitoring the stability of the elevator car's operation is achieved by setting up measuring strips, reference strips, and corresponding laser rangefinders. The hardware structure is relatively simple and easy to maintain. Based on the distance data measured by each laser rangefinder on the car to the hoistway (i.e., the distance from the reference strip and measuring strip), the position of the car within the hoistway can be reflected, allowing for the determination of whether there is abnormal horizontal displacement or significant vibration in the car. Simultaneously, the distance between the reference strip and the laser rangefinders can also be used to monitor whether the position of the elevator car's landing door is abnormal. All of the above monitoring methods are performed remotely, allowing for timely dispatch of maintenance personnel when an anomaly occurs. This also provides maintenance personnel with specific details of the elevator anomaly, enabling them to address the issue effectively. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the elevator car when it stops at a certain floor door.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Car; 2. Laser rangefinder; 3. Measuring strip; 4. Reference strip; 5. Support. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses an elevator status monitoring system, including two sets of monitoring components respectively installed on the back and side outer walls of the car 1. The back of the car 1 refers to the outer wall of the car 1 opposite to the car door, and the side of the car 1 refers to one of the surfaces perpendicular to the back of the car 1.

[0036] The monitoring component includes two laser rangefinders 2 that are on the same vertical trajectory and fixed on the outer wall of the car 1. Multiple measuring strips 3 are provided on the side walls of the shaft to cooperate with the laser rangefinders 2. The measuring strips 3 are arranged vertically. During the operation of the car 1, the laser rangefinders 2 monitor the distance between themselves and the measuring strips 3, so as to indirectly monitor the distance between the car 1 and the shaft wall.

[0037] A reference band 4 is provided between adjacent measuring bands 3. Multiple measuring bands 3 and reference bands 4 are connected sequentially and arranged along the same vertical straight line. The measuring bands 3 are fixed to the shaft wall by brackets 5, while the reference bands 4 are directly fixed to the shaft wall. Because there are brackets 5 between the measuring bands 3 and the shaft wall, and the reference bands 4 are directly fixed to the shaft wall, the distance between the measuring bands 3 and the car 1 is smaller than that between the measuring bands 3 and the car 1, and this difference is at least 5 cm. This allows the laser rangefinder 2 to clearly distinguish between the reference bands 4 and the measuring bands 3 through distance measurement.

[0038] Both the reference band 4 and the measuring band 3 have a certain width, so that when the elevator car 1 moves horizontally within a certain range, the laser signal of the laser range sensor 2 is located on the corresponding reference band 4 or measuring band 3. The surfaces of the reference band 4 and the measuring band 3 are both highly reflective, smooth, and have low light absorption.

[0039] The support 5 includes a support rod that is horizontally fixed to the shaft wall. The support rod is perpendicular to the shaft wall. The measuring belt 3 is connected and fixed to the support rod. The top and bottom of the support rod are provided with diagonal bracing plates to keep the support rod horizontal and prevent the support rod from bending and deforming under long-term stress.

[0040] The reference belt 4 is connected to a base on its back. The base is fixed to the well wall by bolts, so that the reference belt 4 is stable in the position of the well wall.

[0041] The reference band 4, in conjunction with the laser rangefinder 2, enables the monitoring of elevator leveling accuracy. Elevator leveling accuracy is a core parameter for measuring elevator operating precision, defined as the vertical height difference between the upper plane of the car sill 1 and the upper plane of the landing door sill. The position of the reference band 4 corresponds to the elevator landing door. When the car 1 stops at the landing door and the car 1 sill is level with the landing door sill, at least one point of the reference band 4 is located on the side of the laser rangefinder 2. At this time, the laser rangefinder 2 monitors the distance between itself and the reference band 4. The vertical length of the reference band 4 can be used as the acceptable range for the height difference between the car 1 sill and the landing door sill. That is, when the car 1 stops at the landing door, if the height difference between the car 1 sill and the landing door sill exceeds the acceptable range, the laser signal emitted by the laser rangefinder 2 enters the measuring band 3 above or below the reference band 4. Correspondingly, if the laser signal emitted by the laser rangefinder 2 is on the reference band 4, then the height difference between the car 1 sill and the landing door sill is acceptable.

[0042] The reference band 4 can also be used for the position calibration of the laser rangefinder 2 and the detection of the elevator guidance system. When the elevator stops at the landing door, if the distance between the laser rangefinder 2 and the reference band 4 changes, the laser rangefinder 2 may be deformed on the car 1 or there may be a problem with the elevator guidance system.

[0043] The reference band 4, in conjunction with the laser rangefinder 2, can also be used to monitor the position of the car 1 in the hoistway, and to monitor which two landing doors the car 1 is between. There are two position monitoring methods.

[0044] The first method involves determining the current position of elevator car 1 by counting the number of reference bands 4 it passes through during its ascent and descent. For example, when the elevator is ascending from the bottom floor, the reference band 4 at the starting point of the bottom floor is not included. During the ascent, if a laser ranging sensor 2 passes through n reference bands 4, and the bottom floor is floor 1, then the elevator stops at floor n+1. Similarly, the current position of elevator car 1 can be determined by counting the number of reference bands 4 that a laser ranging sensor 2 passes through during its descent.

[0045] The second method is applicable when the total number of floors is small, such as below 30 floors. Floor marking is achieved by controlling the distance the reference band 4 protrudes from the shaft wall for different floors. For example, at the bottom floor, the corresponding reference band 4 is fixed in a slot in the shaft wall, maximizing the distance between the reference band 4 and the laser rangefinder 2. The distance between the reference band 4 and the laser rangefinder 2 varies for each floor from the bottom up, gradually increasing. This ensures that when the elevator car 1 passes the reference band 4, the distance between the reference band 4 and the laser rangefinder 2 directly corresponds to the current floor of the car 1.

[0046] Based on the two methods described above, it can be determined which two reference zones 4 the car 1 moves within the measurement zone 3 area. Then, the current position of the car 1 is determined based on the time it takes for the car 1 to pass through the reference zone 4. For example, when comparing the distance data between the car 1 and the hoistway at a certain point during actual operation with the database, the distance data after the car 1 actually ascends through a certain reference zone 4X seconds is compared with the distance data after the car 1 passes through the reference zone 4X seconds later in the database. That is, when comparing the actual distance data of the car 1 and the distance difference at the same position in the database, it is actually done along the time axis. Although there is an error in the actual position between the two (the actual operation of the elevator and the elevator operation in the database on the same time axis), this error can be ignored and does not affect the monitoring of the actual operation stability of the car 1.

[0047] The usage methods of the above elevator status monitoring system include:

[0048] During elevator installation, two sets of monitoring components are installed on the back and side walls of the car. The two sets of monitoring components are located on both sides of the back or side of the car where they are installed, and a reference band and a measuring band corresponding to the monitoring components are installed on the shaft wall.

[0049] During elevator commissioning, record the distance data measured by each laser rangefinder during the car's movement, including no-load slow-speed, fast-speed, and load commissioning. This distance data serves as the baseline data and is entered into the database.

[0050] During elevator operation, the monitoring system can be kept on, periodically switched on, or manually switched on and off remotely. When the monitoring system is working, it acquires the current elevator weighing data. During the operation of the elevator car, the distance data measured by each laser ranging sensor is compared with the corresponding benchmark data in the database. The distance difference at the same position is compared laterally, an upper limit for the distance difference is set, the number of positions exceeding the upper limit for the distance difference is obtained, and the positions of these positions in the shaft (between which two landing doors) are marked so that they can be restored and troubleshooted during elevator maintenance and inspection.

[0051] Based on the number of elevators exceeding the maximum distance difference limit and the magnitude of the excess, a comprehensive assessment will be made to determine whether to proceed with elevator maintenance and inspection work ahead of schedule.

[0052] During the actual operation of the elevator car in the shaft, a shaft coordinate system and origin are established based on the distance data between each laser ranging sensor and the measuring and reference zones, as well as the corresponding distance data in the database. The time reference is unified. Through multi-source data fusion, coordinate transformation, point cloud construction, 3D modeling, and real-time rendering, a 3D shaft model, an actual car operation model, and a car reference model can be generated. The actual car operation model and the car reference model are displayed in different colors to intuitively show the car's sway direction and displacement direction, providing support for subsequent maintenance and inspection work.

[0053] Based on the number and distribution of values ​​exceeding the upper limit of the distance difference, it can be determined whether the car is vibrating, as well as the amplitude and frequency of the vibration. If the number of values ​​exceeding the upper limit is small and irregularly distributed with those not exceeding the upper limit, the car is experiencing swaying. If the number of values ​​exceeding the upper limit is large and irregularly distributed with those not exceeding the upper limit, the car is vibrating irregularly. If values ​​exceeding the upper limit and those not exceeding the upper limit are distributed alternately, it indicates regular vibration of the car. Furthermore, the more intervals between two adjacent values ​​exceeding the upper limit that do not exceed the upper limit, the lower the car's vibration frequency; conversely, the fewer intervals between two adjacent values ​​exceeding the upper limit that do not exceed the upper limit, the higher the car's vibration frequency. The greater the amplitude of values ​​exceeding the upper limit, the greater the amplitude of the car's vibration.

[0054] When installing a certain reference band and its corresponding laser rangefinder, position calibration is performed to ensure that when the car sill and the landing door sill are aligned, the laser of the laser rangefinder is in the vertical middle of the reference band. The vertical length of the reference band matches the height difference between the car sill and the landing door sill. That is, when the height difference between the car sill and the landing door sill is at its maximum positive value, the laser of the laser rangefinder is at the top of the reference band; when the height difference between the car sill and the landing door sill is at its maximum negative value, the laser of the laser rangefinder is at the bottom of the reference band.

[0055] When the elevator car stops at a certain floor door, the distance value measured by the aforementioned corresponding laser rangefinder is monitored to determine whether the height difference between the car sill and the floor door sill is acceptable. If the measured distance value is the distance between the laser rangefinder and the reference band, the height difference between the car sill and the floor door sill is acceptable. Conversely, if the measured distance value is the distance between the laser rangefinder and the measuring band, the height difference between the car sill and the floor door sill is unacceptable. If the measured distance value is ±5 cm of the distance between the laser rangefinder and the reference band, the laser rangefinder may have been deformed in position on the car or there may be a problem with the elevator guidance system, requiring corresponding maintenance and inspection work.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented based on the above embodiments without creative effort should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator status monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes two sets of monitoring components respectively installed on the back and side walls of the car. The monitoring components include two laser rangefinders that are on the same vertical trajectory and fixed on the outer wall of the car. The monitoring component has multiple measuring bands and multiple reference bands on the well wall on the side of the two laser ranging sensors. The multiple measuring bands and reference bands are connected in sequence and arranged in the same vertical straight line trajectory.

2. The elevator status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring band is fixed to the well wall by a bracket, and the reference band is directly fixed to the well wall.

3. The elevator status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support includes a support rod horizontally fixed to the well wall, the measuring belt is connected and fixed to the support rod, and the top and bottom of the support rod are provided with diagonal bracing plates.

4. The elevator status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reference belt is connected to a base on its back, and the base is secured to the well wall by bolts.

5. The elevator status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The difference between the distance between the measuring strip and the car and the distance between the reference strip and the car shall be at least 5 cm.

6. The elevator status monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The position of the reference band corresponds to the elevator landing door. When the car stops at the landing door and the car sill is flush with the landing door sill, at least one of the reference bands is located on the side of the laser ranging sensor.

7. A method of using the elevator status monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: During elevator installation, two sets of monitoring components are installed on the back and side walls of the car. The two sets of monitoring components are located on both sides of the back or side of the car where they are installed. A reference band and a measuring band corresponding to the monitoring components are installed on the shaft wall. During elevator commissioning, the distance data measured by each laser rangefinder during the car's movement is recorded. This distance data serves as the baseline data and is entered into the database. During elevator operation, the monitoring system can be kept on, periodically switched on, or manually switched on and off remotely. When the monitoring system is working, it acquires the current elevator weighing data. During the operation of the elevator car, the distance data measured by each laser ranging sensor is compared with the corresponding benchmark data in the database. The distance difference at the same position is compared laterally, an upper limit for the distance difference is set, the number of positions exceeding the upper limit for the distance difference is obtained, and the positions of these positions in the shaft are marked so that they can be restored and troubleshooted during elevator maintenance and inspection. Based on the number and magnitude of the exceedance of the distance difference limit, a comprehensive assessment is made as to whether elevator maintenance and inspection work should be carried out in advance. Based on the number and distribution of exceedances of the distance difference limit, it is determined whether the car is vibrating and the vibration amplitude and frequency.

8. The method of using the elevator status monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the actual operation of the elevator car in the shaft, a shaft coordinate system and origin are established based on the distance data between each laser ranging sensor and the measuring and reference zones, as well as the corresponding distance data in the database. The time reference is unified. Through multi-source data fusion, coordinate transformation, point cloud construction, 3D modeling, and real-time rendering, a 3D shaft model, an actual car operation model, and a car reference model are generated. The actual car operation model and the car reference model are displayed in different colors to intuitively show the car's sway direction and displacement direction, providing support for subsequent maintenance and inspection work.

9. The method of using the elevator status monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, When a certain reference band and its corresponding laser rangefinder are installed, position calibration is performed to ensure that when the car sill and the landing door sill are aligned, the laser of the laser rangefinder is in the vertical middle of the reference band, and the vertical length of the reference band matches the height difference between the car sill and the landing door sill. If the distance measured by the laser rangefinder is the distance between it and the reference band, then the height difference between the car sill and the landing sill is acceptable; otherwise, if the measured distance is the distance between the laser rangefinder and the measuring band, then the height difference between the car sill and the landing sill is unacceptable. If the measured distance is ±5 cm between the laser rangefinder and the reference band, then the laser rangefinder has deformed its position on the car or there is a problem with the elevator guidance system.

10. The method of using the elevator status monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reference band, in conjunction with the laser rangefinder, is used to monitor the car's position within the hoistway, including two position monitoring methods: The position of the elevator car can be determined by the number of reference strips it passes through in sequence when the elevator car is moving up and down. By controlling the distance at which the reference zone for different floors protrudes from the shaft wall, the floors can be marked.

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