Three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preform

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of texture equipment, in particular to a fiber preform three-dimensional loom which comprises a rack, the rack is provided with a mounting cavity, and a weaving cavity communicated with the mounting cavity is formed in the upper end of the rack; the traction mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rack and located at the weaving cavity. Warps of the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers are connected with the prefabricated body; the plurality of first magnetic suspension substrates are arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity in an array, and the plurality of first magnetic suspension substrates are magnetically matched with the plurality of warp flexible yarn carriers; wefts of the plurality of weft flexible yarn carriers are connected with the prefabricated body; the plurality of second magnetic suspension substrates are arranged on the side surface of the mounting cavity in an array; the controller is in communication connection with the traction mechanism, the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers and the multiple weft flexible yarn carriers. According to the method, high-speed accurate control over the complex track can be achieved, mechanical abrasion is avoided, and the flexibility, stability and consistency of prefabricated body structure weaving are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of weaving equipment technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms. Background Technology

[0002] 3D weaving technology is a core process for manufacturing high-performance composite material preforms, and it is widely used in aerospace structural components (such as engine nozzles), semiconductor containers (such as crystal boats), and new energy equipment (such as monocrystalline silicon crystal pulling equipment). Traditional weaving equipment uses mechanical guides to drive the yarn carrier, performing warp positioning and weft winding along a fixed path.

[0003] In the high-end manufacturing sector, composite material components are developing towards customization and precision. Editability, traceability, and plannability of the manufacturing process have become fundamental requirements for ensuring product consistency and reliability in specialized industries. In existing technologies, mechanical transmission methods severely restrict the freedom of movement and response speed of yarn carrier groups, making it difficult to achieve high-speed, precise control of complex trajectories, and also resulting in mechanical wear. The lack of dynamic adjustment capability for cross-sectional shape and yarn arrangement during the weaving process limits the flexibility and design space of prefabricated structure weaving. Furthermore, in continuous variable cross-section weaving, maintaining stable interlayer positioning accuracy is difficult, and cumulative misalignment during traction can easily lead to structural defects, affecting overall performance consistency.

[0004] Therefore, a three-dimensional loom for fiber preforms is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine that can achieve high-speed and precise control of complex trajectories, avoid mechanical wear, and improve the flexibility, stability and consistency of preform structure weaving.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Fiber preform three-dimensional weaving machine, including: A frame having a mounting cavity, and a weaving cavity communicating with the mounting cavity is provided at the upper end of the frame, through which the woven preform is inserted; A traction mechanism is provided at the upper end of the frame and located at the weaving cavity. The traction mechanism clamps the preform and can drive the preform to move upward in steps of layer height. Multiple flexible warp yarn carriers, the warp of the multiple flexible warp yarn carriers being connected to the preform, and the flexible warp yarn carriers being arranged vertically; Multiple first magnetic levitation substrates are arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity. The multiple first magnetic levitation substrates are magnetically coupled with the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers, so that the warp flexible yarn carriers are in a levitation state and can be driven to move in the horizontal plane. Multiple flexible weft yarn carriers, the weft yarns of the multiple flexible weft yarn carriers are connected to the preform, and the flexible weft yarn carriers are arranged in a transverse direction; Multiple second magnetic levitation substrates are arranged in an array on the side of the mounting cavity. The multiple second magnetic levitation substrates are magnetically coupled with the multiple weft flexible yarn carriers, so that the weft flexible yarn carriers are in a levitation state and can be driven to move in a vertical plane. The controller is communicatively connected to the traction mechanism, the plurality of warp flexible yarn carriers, and the plurality of weft flexible yarn carriers.

[0007] In some embodiments, the traction mechanism includes a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping drive, a clamping roller, and a fixed roller. The fixed roller is rotatably mounted on the frame and is spaced apart from the clamping roller. The clamping roller is mounted on a support. The clamping drive is connected to the support and can drive the clamping roller to move toward or away from the fixed roller to clamp the preform. The clamping drive is electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] In some embodiments, pressure distribution sensors are provided on both the side of the clamping roller facing the preform and the side of the fixing roller facing the preform, and the pressure distribution sensors are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0009] In some embodiments, the traction mechanism further includes a first rotary drive and a second rotary drive, both of which are communicatively connected to the controller. The first rotary drive is disposed on the bracket and is drivenly connected to the clamping roller to drive the clamping roller to rotate relative to the bracket. The second rotary drive is drivenly connected to the fixed roller and is used to drive the fixed roller to rotate relative to the frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the clamping roller is coaxially provided with a first displacement feedback encoder, and the fixed roller is coaxially provided with a second displacement feedback encoder. Both the first displacement feedback encoder and the second displacement feedback encoder are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first magnetic levitation substrate includes a first plate body disposed on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity, and a plurality of first electromagnets are sequentially disposed on the first plate body along the extending direction of the first plate body, and the plurality of first electromagnets are electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of first position sensors are disposed between the first plate and the bottom surface of the mounting cavity, the plurality of first position sensors being disposed one-to-one with the plurality of first plates, and the plurality of first position sensors being communicatively connected to the controller.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flexible warp yarn carrier includes a first support base, a first top cover, and a first magnetic drive unit. The first magnetic drive unit is disposed at the lower end of the first support base, and the first top cover is detachably disposed at the other end of the first support base. The first top cover and the first support base form a first yarn receiving cavity for mounting the warp roller. The warp roller is rotatably disposed in the first yarn receiving cavity, and the warp yarns on the warp roller extend relative to the first support base and are connected to the preform.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first friction element is provided between one end of the warp roller and the first top cover, and a first tension adjusting component is provided between the other end of the warp roller and the first support base. The first tension adjusting component is used to adjust the tension of the warp threads connected to the preform on the warp roller.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first tension adjustment assembly includes a second friction element, a first elastic element, and a first adjustment slider. The first adjustment slider is rotatably sleeved on a first shaft of the first support base, and the position of the first adjustment slider on the first shaft can be locked. The second friction element is sleeved on the first shaft, and the first elastic element is disposed between the first adjustment slider and the second friction element, such that the second friction element abuts against the lower end face of the warp roller.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine. The frame has a mounting cavity, and the upper end of the frame has a weaving cavity communicating with the mounting cavity. The woven preform passes through the weaving cavity. A traction mechanism is located at the upper end of the frame and in the weaving cavity. The traction mechanism clamps the preform and can drive it upwards in steps of layer height. Multiple warp flexible yarn carriers have their warp threads connected to the preform and are arranged vertically. First magnetic levitation substrates are arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity, and these first magnetic levitation substrates are magnetically engaged with the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers. Multiple weft flexible yarn carriers have their weft threads connected to the preform and are arranged horizontally. Multiple second magnetic levitation substrates are arranged in an array on the side of the mounting cavity, and these second magnetic levitation substrates are magnetically engaged with the multiple weft flexible yarn carriers. A controller is communicatively connected to the traction mechanism, the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers, and the multiple weft flexible yarn carriers. During the three-dimensional weaving of the prefabricated structure, the prefabricated structure is clamped by a traction mechanism for fixation. The controller divides the target product's three-dimensional structural model into multiple discrete weaving sections. For each section, motion trajectory commands are generated for the weft and warp flexible yarn carriers. By controlling the changes in the magnetic poles and magnetic force of multiple first and second magnetic levitation base plates, the weft and warp flexible yarn carriers move and weave according to the motion trajectory commands. After completing one layer of weaving, the controller controls the traction mechanism to move the prefabricated structure upwards to begin weaving the next layer. This setup eliminates the constraints of traditional mechanical guideways, enabling high-speed, high-degree-of-freedom independent movement of the warp and weft flexible yarn carriers in three-dimensional space, shortening processing time and improving efficiency. It also allows for high-speed, precise control of complex trajectories, avoiding mechanical wear and enhancing the flexibility, stability, and consistency of the prefabricated structure weaving. Furthermore, replacing mechanical transmission with a non-contact method eliminates physical friction and operating noise, significantly improving the dynamic performance and smoothness of the fiber prefabricated three-dimensional weaving machine. Because it requires no lubrication and avoids oil contamination, it is suitable for manufacturing high-end composite materials where cleanliness is a high priority. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine according to the present invention; Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of a flexible warp yarn carrier in a three-dimensional fiber preform loom according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a flexible weft yarn carrier in a three-dimensional fiber preform loom according to the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 100. Prefabricated body; 1. Frame; 11. Mounting cavity; 2. Traction mechanism; 21. Clamping drive component; 22. Clamping roller; 23. Fixed roller; 3. Warp flexible yarn carrier; 31. First support base; 311. First shaft; 32. First top cover; 33. First friction component; 34. First tension adjustment assembly; 341. First adjusting slider; 342. First elastic component; 343. Second friction component; 35. First magnetic drive unit; 4. First magnetic levitation substrate; 41. First position sensor 5. Flexible weft yarn carrier; 51. Second support base; 511. Second shaft; 52. Second top cover; 53. Third friction element; 54. Second tension adjustment assembly; 541. Second adjustment slider; 542. Second elastic element; 543. Fourth friction element; 55. Second magnetic drive unit; 6. Second magnetic levitation substrate; 61. Second position sensor; 7. Controller; 8. Warp roller; 81. Warp yarn; 82. First friction plate; 9. Weft roller; 91. Weft yarn; 92. Second friction plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0021] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0022] In this application, the terms "connection," "combination," "coupling," and "installation" can refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, while an indirect connection refers to two parts or components each being connected to at least one intermediary, with the connection achieved through the intermediary. Furthermore, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can also include electrical connections or couplings.

[0023] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0024] In this application, the directional terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to describe the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when an element is mentioned as being connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional terms such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, and rear side not only represent positive orientation but can also be understood as lateral orientation. For example, "below" can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower rear.

[0025] In the process of manufacturing high-performance composite material preforms using 3D texturing technology, in order to achieve high-speed and precise control of complex trajectories, avoid mechanical wear, and improve the flexibility, stability, and consistency of the preform structure weaving, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine. The three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine includes a frame 1, a traction mechanism 2, multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3, multiple first magnetic levitation base plates 4, multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5, multiple second magnetic levitation base plates 6, and a controller 7.

[0026] The frame 1 has a mounting cavity 11, and a weaving cavity communicating with the mounting cavity 11 is opened at the upper end of the frame 1. The woven preform 100 passes through the weaving cavity. The traction mechanism 2 is located at the upper end of the frame 1 and at the weaving cavity. The traction mechanism 2 clamps the preform 100 and can drive the preform 100 to move upward in steps of layer height. The warp yarns 81 of multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3 are connected to the preform 100, and the warp flexible yarn carriers 3 are arranged vertically. Multiple first magnetic levitation substrates 4 are arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 11. The multiple first magnetic levitation substrates 4 are magnetically engaged with the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3, so that the warp flexible yarn carriers 3 are in a levitation state and can be driven to move in the horizontal plane. The weft yarns 91 of multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5 are connected to the preform 100, and the weft flexible yarn carriers 5 are arranged horizontally. Multiple second magnetic levitation substrates 6 are arranged in an array on the side of the mounting cavity 11. The multiple second magnetic levitation substrates 6 are magnetically coupled with multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5, so that the weft flexible yarn carriers 5 are in a levitation state and can be driven to move in a vertical plane.

[0027] The controller 7 is communicatively connected to the traction mechanism 2, multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3, and multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5.

[0028] During the three-dimensional weaving of the prefabricated body 100, the traction mechanism 2 clamps the prefabricated body 100, thus fixing it in place. The controller 7 divides the target product's three-dimensional structural model into multiple discrete weaving sections; it generates motion trajectory commands for the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 and the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 for each section. By controlling the changes in the magnetic poles and magnetic force of multiple first magnetic levitation substrates 4 and multiple second magnetic levitation substrates 6, the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 and the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 move and weave according to the motion trajectory commands. After completing one layer of weaving, the controller 7 controls the traction mechanism 2 to move the prefabricated body 100 up one layer to begin weaving the next layer. This setup eliminates the constraints of traditional mechanical guideways, enabling high-speed, high-degree-of-freedom independent movement of the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 and the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 in three-dimensional space, shortening processing time and improving processing efficiency. Furthermore, it allows for high-speed, precise control of complex trajectories, avoiding mechanical wear and enhancing the flexibility, stability, and consistency of the prefabricated body 100 structure weaving. Furthermore, by replacing mechanical transmission with a non-contact method, physical friction and operating noise are eliminated, significantly improving the dynamic performance and smoothness of the fiber preform 3D loom. Since no lubrication is required, oil contamination is avoided, making it suitable for manufacturing high-end composite materials where cleanliness is critical.

[0029] In some embodiments, the traction mechanism 2 includes a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping drive 21, a clamping roller 22, and a fixed roller 23. The fixed roller 23 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and is spaced apart from the clamping roller 22. The clamping roller 22 is mounted on a support, and the clamping drive 21 is connected to the support. The clamping drive 21 can drive the clamping roller 22 to move toward or away from the fixed roller 23 to clamp the preform 100. The clamping drive 21 is electrically connected to the controller 7. With the above configuration, the distance between the fixed roller 23 and the clamping roller 22 can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape of the preform 100, thereby ensuring effective clamping of the preform 100. In this embodiment, the clamping drive 21 is an electronic push rod. The controller 7 controls the extension length of the electronic push rod according to the shape of the preform 100, thereby flexibly controlling the position of the clamping roller 22. In other embodiments, the clamping drive 21 can be a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0030] In some embodiments, pressure distribution sensors are provided on both the side of the clamping roller 22 facing the preform 100 and the side of the fixed roller 23 facing the preform 100. The pressure distribution sensors are communicatively connected to the controller 7. By providing pressure distribution sensors, the pressure exerted on the preform 100 by the clamping roller 22 and the fixed roller 23 can be collected in real time, and the pressure signal can be transmitted to the controller 7. The controller 7 adjusts the clamping drive component 21, thereby ensuring that the fixed roller 23 and the clamping roller 22 stably clamp the preform 100 while avoiding damage to the preform 100.

[0031] In some embodiments, the traction mechanism 2 further includes a first rotary drive and a second rotary drive. Both the first and second rotary drives are communicatively connected to the controller 7. The first rotary drive is mounted on the support and is driven by the clamping roller 22 to drive the clamping roller 22 to rotate relative to the support. The second rotary drive is driven by the fixed roller 23 to drive the fixed roller 23 to rotate relative to the frame 1. By setting the first and second rotary drives, the clamping roller 22 and the fixed roller 23 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the preform 100 to be lifted. In this embodiment, both the first and second rotary drives are servo motors. When the previous layer of weaving is completed and the next layer of weaving is needed, the controller 7 controls the first and second rotary drives to move, thereby driving the fixed roller 23 and the clamping roller 22 to rotate, so that the preform 100 is lifted to the height of one layer. In other embodiments, the first and second rotary drives can also be stepper motors, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0032] In some embodiments, a first displacement feedback encoder is coaxially mounted on the clamping roller 22, and a second displacement feedback encoder is coaxially mounted on the fixed roller 23. Both the first and second displacement feedback encoders are communicatively connected to the controller 7. Through this configuration, the rotation angles of the clamping roller 22 and the fixed roller 23 can be accurately acquired using the first and second displacement feedback encoders, thereby obtaining the lifting height of the preform 100 and transmitting the corresponding data to the controller 7 to ensure that the traction displacement matches the weaving speed.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 includes a first plate body disposed on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 11. Multiple first electromagnets (not shown in the figure) are sequentially disposed on the first plate body along its extension direction. All the multiple first electromagnets are electrically connected to the controller 7. By disposing of multiple first electromagnets, the controller 7 adjusts the magnetic polarity and magnetic force of the first electromagnets according to the weaving requirements, thereby ensuring accurate control of the position of the warp yarn flexible carrier 3. In this embodiment, the shape and size of the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 can be configured according to different weaving requirements. Each first electromagnet generates a controllable three-dimensional electromagnetic field, providing the warp yarn flexible carrier 3 with contactless levitation support in the Z-axis direction and driving force in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, multiple independently powered and controllable first electromagnets are arranged in a rectangular array. This modular design allows the shape of the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 to be flexibly configured according to the shape of the woven fabric and the weaving method.

[0034] In some embodiments, a plurality of first position sensors 41 are disposed between the first plate and the bottom surface of the mounting cavity 11. The plurality of first position sensors 41 are disposed one-to-one with the plurality of first plates, and the plurality of first position sensors 41 are all communicatively connected to the controller 7. By setting a plurality of first position sensors 41, and arranging the first position sensors 41 in a matrix below the first magnetic levitation substrate 4, the position of the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 is detected in real time and fed back to the controller 7.

[0035] In some embodiments, the structure of the second magnetic levitation substrate 6 is the same as that of the first magnetic levitation substrate 4, and will not be described in detail here. Similarly, a plurality of second position sensors 61 are provided between the second magnetic levitation substrate 6 and the side of the mounting cavity 11. The second position sensors 61 are communicatively connected to the controller 7 and can detect the position of the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 in real time and feed it back to the controller 7.

[0036] In some embodiments, the flexible warp yarn carrier 3 includes a first support base 31, a first top cover 32, and a first magnetic drive unit 35. The first magnetic drive unit 35 is disposed at the lower end of the first support base 31, and the first top cover 32 is detachably disposed at the other end of the first support base 31. The first top cover 32 and the first support base 31 form a first yarn receiving cavity for mounting the warp roller 8. The warp roller 8 is rotatably disposed in the first yarn receiving cavity, and the warp yarns 81 on the warp roller 8 extend relative to the first support base 31 and are connected to the preform 100. Specifically, one end of the first top cover 32 is rotatably connected to the first support base 31, and the first top cover 32 is provided with a first snap-fit ​​hole, which can snap into the first shaft 311 on the first support base 31, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the first top cover 32 and the first support base 31. When installing the warp roller 8, the warp roller 8 is first fitted onto the first shaft 311 of the first support base 31. Then, the first top cover 32 is rotated to engage with the first shaft 311, locking the warp roller 8 in the first yarn receiving cavity. This structure allows for the installation and removal of the warp roller 8, facilitating quick replacement after the warp yarns 81 on the warp roller 8 are used up. Furthermore, because the flexible warp yarn carrier 3 has a certain weight, when the first magnetic drive unit 35 is magnetically engaged with the first magnetic levitation substrate 4, it ensures that the flexible warp yarn carrier 3 remains suspended. The first magnetic drive unit 35 can move according to the magnetic and force changes of the first electromagnet in the first magnetic levitation substrate 4, thereby driving the first support base 31 to move. During this movement, it works with the remaining warp yarns 81 and weft yarns 91 to weave. For ease of management, the first magnetic drive unit 35 integrates a permanent magnet and an RFID identification device for levitation drive and identification management.

[0037] In some embodiments, a first friction element 33 is provided between one end of the warp roller 8 and the first top cover 32, and a first tension adjusting component 34 is provided between the other end of the warp roller 8 and the first support base 31. The first tension adjusting component 34 is used to adjust the tension of the warp threads 81 connected to the preform 100 on the warp roller 8. Specifically, a first friction plate 82 is provided at the upper end of each warp roller 8. By adjusting the first tension adjusting component 34, the friction force between the first friction plate 82 and the first friction element 33 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the rotational force of the warp roller 8 and thus adjusting the tension of the warp threads 81.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first tension adjusting assembly 34 includes a second friction element 343, a first elastic element 342, and a first adjusting slider 341. The first adjusting slider 341 is rotatably sleeved on the first shaft 311 of the first support 31, and its position on the first shaft 311 can be locked. The second friction element 343 is sleeved on the first shaft 311, and the first elastic element 342 is disposed between the first adjusting slider 341 and the second friction element 343, such that the second friction element 343 abuts against the lower end face of the warp roller 8. During the weaving process of the preform 100, the position of the first adjusting slider 341 is first adjusted according to the weaving needs, and the first adjusting slider 341 is fixedly locked on the first shaft 311. During this process, the first elastic element 342 is compressed, causing the first friction piece 82 at the lower end to abut against the second friction element 343, and the first friction piece 82 at the upper end to abut against the first friction element 343, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the tension of the warp yarns 81 on the warp roller 8. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 342 is a compression spring.

[0039] In some embodiments, the structure of the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 is the same as that of the warp flexible yarn carrier 3. The weft flexible yarn carrier 5 includes a second support base 51, a second top cover 52, and a second magnetic drive unit 55. The second magnetic drive unit 55 is disposed at the lower end of the second support base 51, and the second top cover 52 is detachably disposed at the other end of the second support base 51. The second top cover 52 and the second support base 51 form a second yarn receiving cavity for mounting the weft roller 9. The weft roller 9 is rotatably disposed in the second yarn receiving cavity, and the weft yarn 91 on the weft roller 9 extends relative to the second support base 51 and is connected to the preform 100. Specifically, one end of the second top cover 52 is rotatably connected to the second support base 51, and a second snap-fit ​​hole is provided on the second top cover 52. The second snap-fit ​​hole can snap into the second shaft 511 on the second support base 51, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the second top cover 52 and the second support base 51. When installing the weft roller 9, firstly, the weft roller 9 is fitted onto the second shaft 511 of the second support base 51. Then, the second top cover 52 is rotated to engage with the second shaft 511, locking the weft roller 9 in the second yarn cavity. This structure allows for the installation and removal of the weft roller 9, facilitating quick replacement after the weft yarn 91 on the weft roller 9 is used up. Furthermore, because the flexible weft yarn carrier 5 has a certain weight, when the second magnetic drive unit 55 is magnetically engaged with the second magnetic levitation substrate 6, it ensures that the flexible weft yarn carrier 5 is in a suspended state. The second magnetic drive unit 55 can move according to the magnetic and force changes of the second electromagnet in the second magnetic levitation substrate 6, thereby driving the second support base 51 to move. During this movement, it works with the remaining weft yarns 91 and warp yarns 81 to weave. For ease of management, the second magnetic drive unit 55 integrates a permanent magnet and an RFID identification device for levitation drive and identification management.

[0040] In some embodiments, a third friction element 53 is provided between one end of the weft roller 9 and the second top cover 52, and a second tension adjusting component 54 is provided between the other end of the weft roller 9 and the second support base 51. The second tension adjusting component 54 is used to adjust the tension of the weft yarn 91 connected to the preform 100 on the weft roller 9. Specifically, a second friction plate 92 is provided at the upper end of each weft roller 9. By adjusting the second tension adjusting component 54, the friction force between the second friction plate 92 and the third friction element 53 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the rotational force of the weft roller 9 and thus adjusting the tension of the weft yarn 91.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second tension adjusting assembly 54 includes a fourth friction element 543, a second elastic element 542, and a second adjusting slider 541. The second adjusting slider 541 is rotatably sleeved on the second shaft 511 of the second support 51, and its position on the second shaft 511 can be locked. The fourth friction element 543 is sleeved on the second shaft 511, and the second elastic element 542 is disposed between the second adjusting slider 541 and the fourth friction element 543, such that the fourth friction element 543 abuts against the lower end face of the weft roller 9. During the weaving process of the preform 100, the position of the second adjusting slider 541 is first adjusted according to the weaving needs, and the second adjusting slider 541 is fixedly locked on the second shaft 511. During this process, the second elastic element 542 is compressed, causing the second friction piece 92 at the lower end to abut against the fourth friction element 543, and the second friction piece 92 at the upper end to abut against the third friction element 53, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the tension of the weft yarn 91 on the weft roller 9. In this embodiment, the second elastic element 542 is a compression spring.

[0042] In some embodiments, the controller 7 is configured to possess powerful planning and real-time editing capabilities. Its specific functions include: dividing the three-dimensional structural model of the target product into multiple discrete weaving sections; generating motion trajectory instructions for the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 and the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 for each section. During the weaving process, it supports real-time editing of the cross-sectional shape, yarn density, and arrangement angle, and dynamically updates the motion trajectory instructions, thereby achieving the digitization and programmability of the weaving process. This enables the fiber prefabricated three-dimensional loom to dynamically adjust the fabric structure, achieving three-dimensional weaving with variable cross-sections and variable weave structures that traditional looms cannot accomplish.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 and the second magnetic levitation substrate 6 of the fiber preform three-dimensional loom are uniformly powered by a 24V DC power supply. The controller 7 controls the current direction and magnitude of the first electromagnet on the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 and the current direction and magnitude of the second electromagnet on the second magnetic levitation substrate 6, thereby realizing the adjustment of the magnetism and the control of the magnetic force of the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 and the second magnetic levitation substrate 6.

[0044] The working process of this fiber preform three-dimensional weaving machine is as follows: The controller 7 plans the three-dimensional motion paths of multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3 and multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5 and the traction timing of the traction mechanism 2.

[0045] Multiple first magnetic levitation substrates 4 and multiple second magnetic levitation substrates 6 drive multiple warp flexible yarn carriers 3 and multiple weft flexible yarn carriers 5 to move along a planned motion path, thereby completing the yarn weaving of a texture layer.

[0046] The precast body 100 is pulled up one interlayer distance by the traction mechanism 2. The above steps are repeated to achieve the continuous texture of the variable cross-section complex fiber precast body 100.

[0047] This fiber preform three-dimensional weaving machine has the following advantages: 1. By using the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 to drive the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 to move, and the second magnetic levitation substrate 6 to drive the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 to move, the constraints of traditional mechanical guide rails are eliminated, and the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 and the weft flexible yarn carrier 5 can move independently at high speed and with high degree of freedom in three-dimensional space, which can shorten the processing time and improve the processing efficiency.

[0048] 2. By changing the number and movement trajectory of the warp flexible yarn carrier 3 and the weft flexible yarn carrier 5, the production needs of different products can be quickly adapted, enabling rapid switching of production tasks and improving equipment utilization.

[0049] 3. By replacing mechanical transmission with non-contact methods, physical friction and operating noise are eliminated, significantly improving the dynamic performance and smoothness of the equipment.

[0050] 4. Based on the first magnetic levitation substrate 4 and the second magnetic levitation substrate 6 that can be spliced ​​together, and with the independently controlled flexible weft yarn carrier 5 and flexible warp yarn carrier 3, combined with the software planning of the controller 7, the cross-sectional shape of the fabric, yarn density and arrangement angle can be edited in real time and dynamically, realizing the integrated production of complex fiber preform 100 from design to manufacturing.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) has an installation cavity (11), and a weaving cavity communicating with the installation cavity (11) is provided at the upper end of the frame (1), and the woven preform (100) passes through the weaving cavity; The traction mechanism (2) is located at the upper end of the frame (1) and at the weaving cavity. The traction mechanism (2) clamps the preform (100) and can drive the preform (100) to move upward in steps of layer height. Multiple warp flexible yarn carriers (3), the warp threads (81) of the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers (3) are connected to the preform (100), and the warp flexible yarn carriers (3) are arranged vertically; Multiple first magnetic levitation substrates (4) are arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity (11). The multiple first magnetic levitation substrates (4) are magnetically coupled with the multiple warp flexible yarn carriers (3), so that the warp flexible yarn carriers (3) are in a suspended state and can be driven to move in the horizontal plane. Multiple flexible weft yarn carriers (5), the weft yarns (91) of the multiple flexible weft yarn carriers (5) are connected to the preform (100), and the flexible weft yarn carriers (5) are arranged in the transverse direction; Multiple second magnetic levitation substrates (6) are arranged in an array on the side of the mounting cavity (11). The multiple second magnetic levitation substrates (6) are magnetically coupled with the multiple weft flexible yarn carriers (5), so that the weft flexible yarn carriers (5) are in a suspended state and can be driven to move in a vertical plane. The controller (7) is communicatively connected to the traction mechanism (2), the plurality of warp flexible yarn carriers (3) and the plurality of weft flexible yarn carriers (5).

2. The three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction mechanism (2) includes a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping drive (21), a clamping roller (22), and a fixed roller (23). The fixed roller (23) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and is spaced apart from the clamping roller (22). The clamping roller (22) is mounted on a support. The clamping drive (21) is connected to the support. The clamping drive (21) can drive the clamping roller (22) to move toward or away from the fixed roller (23) to clamp the preform (100). The clamping drive (21) is electrically connected to the controller (7).

3. The three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Pressure distribution sensors are provided on the side of the clamping roller (22) facing the preform (100) and the side of the fixing roller (23) facing the preform (100), and the pressure distribution sensors are communicatively connected to the controller (7).

4. The three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The traction mechanism (2) further includes a first rotary drive and a second rotary drive. Both the first rotary drive and the second rotary drive are communicatively connected to the controller (7). The first rotary drive is mounted on the bracket and is connected to the clamping roller (22) for driving the clamping roller (22) to rotate relative to the bracket. The second rotary drive is connected to the fixed roller (23) for driving the fixed roller (23) to rotate relative to the frame (1).

5. The three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping roller (22) is coaxially provided with a first displacement feedback encoder, and the fixed roller (23) is coaxially provided with a second displacement feedback encoder. Both the first displacement feedback encoder and the second displacement feedback encoder are communicatively connected to the controller (7).

6. The three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnetic levitation substrate (4) includes a first plate body, which is disposed on the bottom surface of the mounting cavity (11). A plurality of first electromagnets are sequentially disposed on the first plate body along the extension direction of the first plate body, and the plurality of first electromagnets are electrically connected to the controller (7).

7. The three-dimensional fiber preform weaving machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of first position sensors (41) are provided between the first plate and the bottom surface of the mounting cavity (11). The plurality of first position sensors (41) are provided one-to-one with the plurality of first plates, and the plurality of first position sensors (41) are all communicatively connected to the controller (7).

8. The three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible warp yarn carrier (3) includes a first support base (31), a first top cover (32), and a first magnetic drive unit (35). The first magnetic drive unit (35) is disposed at the lower end of the first support base (31), and the first top cover (32) is detachably disposed at the other end of the first support base (31). The first top cover (32) and the first support base (31) surround to form a first yarn receiving cavity for mounting the warp roller (8). The warp roller (8) is rotatably disposed in the first yarn receiving cavity. The warp yarns (81) on the warp roller (8) extend relative to the first support base (31) and are connected to the preform (100).

9. The three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first friction element (33) is provided between one end of the warp roller (8) and the first top cover (32), and a first tension adjustment component (34) is provided between the other end of the warp roller (8) and the first support seat (31). The first tension adjustment component (34) is used to adjust the tension of the warp yarns (81) connected to the preform (100) on the warp roller (8).

10. The three-dimensional weaving machine for fiber preforms according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first tension adjustment assembly (34) includes a second friction element (343), a first elastic element (342), and a first adjustment slider (341). The first adjustment slider (341) is rotatably sleeved on the first shaft (311) of the first support base (31). The position of the first adjustment slider (341) on the first shaft (311) can be locked. The second friction element (343) is sleeved on the first shaft (311). The first elastic element (342) is disposed between the first adjustment slider (341) and the second friction element (343), so that the second friction element (343) abuts against the lower end face of the warp roller (8).

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