Efficient drilling equipment for complex stratum
By designing an efficient drilling device with adjustment units and balancing components, the wear problem caused by the rotational speed fluctuation of the drill bit in complex formations has been solved, thus achieving drill bit protection and long-term efficient use of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The drill bit cuts smoothly in soft layers, and the rotational speed soars instantly; when it encounters a hard layer, it gets stuck instantly, and the rotational speed drops to zero, resulting in huge torque fluctuations on the drill string and damage to the drill bit.
A high-efficiency drilling device was designed, comprising a tracked vehicle, a tilting frame, a lifting platform, a motor, and an adjustment unit. The rotation speed is automatically adjusted by the adjustment and balancing components to reduce the high-speed rotation of the drill bit, and the pressure is buffered by the connecting valve to prevent drill bit wear.
It effectively reduces drill bit wear, extends drill bit lifespan, reduces equipment maintenance frequency, and improves equipment efficiency in complex formations.
Smart Images
Figure CN121760619A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency drilling equipment for complex formations. Background Technology
[0002] Drilling equipment is a large and sophisticated engineering machinery system, widely used in geological exploration, oil and gas extraction, hydrological well drilling, mine construction, and foundation engineering. The power unit drives the mud pump to circulate the fluid, while simultaneously driving the rotary table / top drive to rotate the drill pipe; the winch loosens the wire rope, using the weight of the drill string to apply pressure to the drill bit; the drill bit breaks the rock at the bottom of the well; the circulating fluid carries the rock cuttings out of the wellhead.
[0003] When the drill bit cuts smoothly in a soft layer, its rotational speed soars instantly; but when it encounters a hard layer, it gets stuck instantly, and its rotational speed drops to zero. This sudden "braking" and "acceleration" will generate huge torque fluctuations on the drill string, which will cause damage to the drill bit.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations, which can solve the problem of drill bits cutting smoothly in soft layers with a sudden increase in rotational speed, but getting stuck instantly in hard layers with a sudden drop in rotational speed to zero. This sudden "braking" and "acceleration" can generate huge torque fluctuations on the drill string, leading to drill bit damage.
[0006] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention: a high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations, comprising: a tracked vehicle, a tilting frame rotatably connected to the top surface of the tracked vehicle, a lifting platform slidably connected to the right side of the tilting frame, a motor fixedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform, and an adjustment unit fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform by screws, and the adjustment unit being rotatably connected to the motor.
[0007] The adjustment unit includes an adjustment box fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting platform, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the motor output end, a cavity inside the adjustment box, two first gears fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, an adjustment shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment box, the adjustment shaft being located on the left side of the rotating shaft, two second gears fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft, and the two adjacent first and second gears meshing with each other, an adjustment component rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft, and the adjustment component being located between the two adjustment components, a balance component rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft, and a connecting valve fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the adjustment shaft.
[0008] Preferably, the inner side of the adjustment box is provided with a moving groove that matches the adjustment component, and stripes are provided between the outer wall of the adjustment component and the moving groove.
[0009] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a balance plate rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft, two sets of balance rods slidably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate, and the balance rods are fixedly connected to the adjustment box. A first spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the balance rods on the front and rear sides, and the first spring is located above the balance plate. A balance frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the balance plate, and the balance frame is slidably connected to the adjustment box. The balance frame is rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the balancing assembly includes a crank rod rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft. The adjusting shaft is divided into upper and lower sections. A hexagonal column is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower section of the adjusting shaft, and the hexagonal column is slidably connected to the upper section of the adjusting shaft. A bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crank rod. Six rotating plates are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bearing. A sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate away from the bearing by a screw. A fixed rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. A second spring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod. The second spring is located at the end of the sliding sleeve near the adjusting shaft.
[0011] Preferably, the bottom surface of the regulating box is fixedly connected with multiple concave plates, the concave plates are fixedly connected with the fixing rod, and two bolts are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the concave plates. The bolts penetrate into the interior of the regulating box, and the bottom surface of the regulating box is provided with a fixing groove that matches the concave plates.
[0012] Preferably, an elastic band is slidably connected to the outer wall of the crank, a protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic band, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the end of the protective sleeve away from the elastic band, and a groove matching the retaining ring is opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment box.
[0013] The positive and progressive effects of this application are as follows:
[0014] The present invention provides a high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations, which has the following advantages:
[0015] 1. When the rock layer is thick, the pressure is transmitted to the adjustment component, causing the adjustment component to drive the adjustment shaft to move upward. The adjustment component drives the second gear to move upward, causing the lower second gear to separate from the first gear. Then, the upper second gear meshes with the first gear, reducing the rotational speed of the adjustment shaft. This keeps the drill bit rotating at a low speed, reducing the wear caused by high-speed rotation and thus improving the service life of the drill bit.
[0016] 2. As the lower section adjusting shaft moves upward, it pushes the rotating plate through the bearing, causing the rotating plate to slide against the sliding sleeve on the outer wall of the fixed rod under the action of the screw. The fixed rod is pulled by the second spring, thereby buffering the movement speed of the sliding sleeve, thus preventing the high-speed drill bit from encountering excessive pressure and increased wear due to the rock layer during uniform downward movement, thereby protecting the drill bit.
[0017] 3. The fixed rod, pulled by the second spring, buffers the movement speed of the sliding sleeve, thereby preventing excessive pressure and increased wear caused by the high-speed drill bit encountering rock layers during its uniform downward movement, thus protecting the drill bit. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention (right view).
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a front view sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment unit structure of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer component structure of the present invention.
[0024] Figure Descriptions: 1. Tracked vehicle; 2. Tilting frame; 3. Lifting platform; 4. Motor; 5. Adjustment unit; 51. Adjustment box; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. First gear; 54. Adjustment assembly; 541. Balance bar; 542. First spring; 543. Balance plate; 544. Balance frame; 55. Adjustment shaft; 56. Second gear; 57. Connecting valve; 58. Moving groove; 59. Balance assembly; 591. Hexagonal column; 592. Crank rod; 593. Bearing; 594. Rotating plate; 595. Sliding sleeve; 596. Fixed rod; 597. Second spring; 598. Concave plate; 599. Fixed groove; 5910. Bolt; 510. Protective sleeve; 511. Snap ring; 512. Elastic band. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] like Figure 1-6As shown, the present invention is a high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations; it includes a tracked vehicle 1, a tilting frame 2 rotatably connected to the top surface of the tracked vehicle 1, a lifting platform 3 slidably connected to the right side of the tilting frame 2, a motor 4 fixedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform 3, and an adjustment unit 5 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform 3 by screws, and the adjustment unit 5 is rotatably connected to the motor 4.
[0027] The adjustment unit 5 includes an adjustment box 51 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform 3, a rotating shaft 52 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 4, a cavity inside the adjustment box 51, two first gears 53 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 52, an adjustment shaft 55 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment box 51, the adjustment shaft 55 being located on the left side of the rotating shaft 52, two second gears 56 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft 55, and the two adjacent first gears 53 and second gears 56 meshing with each other, an adjustment component 54 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft 55, and the adjustment component 54 being located between the two adjustment components 54, a balance component 59 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft 55, and a connecting valve 57 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the adjustment shaft 55.
[0028] Specifically, when using this device, the tracked vehicle 1 can be moved to the work site, and then the tilting frame 2 can be adjusted to make the motor 4 rotate to a suitable angle. Then, the motor 4 is started to drive the adjustment unit 5 to work. When the motor 4 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 52 to rotate. The rotating shaft 52 drives the lower second gear 56 to rotate through the lower first gear 53. The lower second gear 56 drives the adjustment shaft 55 to rotate. The rotation of the adjustment shaft 55 drives the connecting valve 57 to rotate. The drill bit and the connecting valve 57 need to be fixedly connected beforehand. Then, the drill bit is controlled to move downward to work by adjusting the lifting platform 3.
[0029] When the drill bit encounters a rock layer, the pressure is transmitted to the connecting valve 57. The connecting valve 57 buffers the pressure, slowing down the downward impact of the drill bit and reducing the impact force between the drill bit and the rock layer, thus protecting the drill bit. When the rock layer is thick, the pressure is transmitted to the adjusting component 54, causing the adjusting component 54 to drive the adjusting shaft 55 to move upward. The adjusting component 54 drives the second gear 56 to move upward, causing the lower second gear 56 to disengage from the first gear 53. Then, the upper second gear 56 meshes with the first gear 53, reducing the rotational speed of the adjusting shaft 55 and maintaining the low-speed rotation of the drill bit.
[0030] Preferably, the inner side of the regulating box 51 is provided with a moving groove 58 that matches the regulating component 54, and stripes are provided between the outer wall of the regulating component 54 and the moving groove 58.
[0031] Specifically, when using this device, a moving groove 58 is provided inside the adjusting box 51, and stripes are provided between the outer wall of the adjusting component 54 and the moving groove 58. This maintains the stability of the adjusting component 54 during movement, thereby preventing the second gear 56 from misaligning with the first gear 53 and the second gear 56 due to its own deviation during movement, which would cause structural damage and thus provide efficient protection for the parts.
[0032] Preferably, the adjustment assembly 54 includes a balance plate 543 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft 55, two sets of balance rods 541 slidably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate 543, and the balance rods 541 are fixedly connected to the adjustment box 51. A first spring 542 is sleeved on the outer wall of the balance rods 541 on both the front and rear sides, and the first spring 542 is located above the balance plate 543. A balance frame 544 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the balance plate 543, and the balance frame 544 is slidably connected to the adjustment box 51. The balance frame 544 is rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft 55.
[0033] Specifically, when using this device, the pressure on the drill bit is transmitted to the adjusting shaft 55 through the connecting valve 57. The balance plate 543 and the balance frame 544, which rotate with the outer wall of the adjusting shaft 55, are under pressure. The balance plate 543 transmits the pressure to the first spring 542, causing the first spring 542 to compress. This causes the balance plate 543 to move upward on the outer wall of the balance rod 541, which in turn drives the adjusting shaft 55 to move upward. The adjusting shaft 55 then drives the upper second gear 56 to engage with the upper first gear 53, while the lower second gear 56 disengages from the lower first gear 53. This automatically reduces the speed of the adjusting shaft 55 while keeping the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 52 constant. This allows the equipment to automatically adjust according to the formation changes, thereby improving the efficiency of the drilling equipment and extending its service life. This ensures long-term efficient use of the drilling equipment and reduces the number of maintenance required over a period of time.
[0034] Preferably, the balancing assembly 59 includes a crank 592 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft 55. The adjusting shaft 55 is divided into upper and lower sections. A hexagonal column 591 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower section of the adjusting shaft 55, and the hexagonal column 591 is slidably connected to the upper section of the adjusting shaft 55. A bearing 593 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crank 592. Six rotating plates 594 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bearing 593. A sliding sleeve 595 is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate 594 away from the bearing 593 by a screw. A fixed rod 596 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 595. A second spring 597 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 596. The second spring 597 is located at the end of the sliding sleeve 595 near the adjusting shaft 55.
[0035] Specifically, when using this component, when the drill bit connected to the connecting valve 57 encounters a thin rock layer during downward drilling, the drill bit transmits pressure to the connecting valve 57, which in turn transmits the pressure to the lower section adjustment shaft 55. The lower section adjustment shaft 55 is fixedly connected to a hexagonal column 591 on its outer wall, allowing it to rotate. The lower section adjustment shaft 55 is inserted into the inner wall of the upper section adjustment shaft 55 via the hexagonal column 591, causing the two sections of adjustment shaft 55 to rotate synchronously. During the upward movement of the lower section adjustment shaft 55, the bearing 593 pushes the rotating plate 594, causing the rotating plate 594 to slide against the sliding sleeve 595 on the outer wall of the fixed rod 596 under the action of the screw. The fixed rod 596 is pulled by the second spring 597, thereby buffering the movement speed of the sliding sleeve 595, thus preventing excessive pressure caused by the high-speed drill bit encountering the rock layer during uniform downward movement, which leads to increased wear and protects the drill bit.
[0036] Preferably, multiple concave plates 598 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the regulating box 51. The concave plates 598 are fixedly connected to the fixing rod 596. Two bolts 5910 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the concave plates 598. The bolts 5910 penetrate into the interior of the regulating box 51. The bottom surface of the regulating box 51 is provided with a fixing groove 599 that matches the concave plates 598.
[0037] Specifically, by unscrewing bolt 5910, the concave plate 598 can be removed. Then, by removing the screws connecting the rotating plate 594 and the sliding sleeve 595, the second spring 597 with reduced elasticity can be removed and replaced. This maintains the efficient use of the balance component 59 structure and prevents the structure from shifting due to uneven elasticity, thereby maintaining the accurate use of the structure.
[0038] Preferably, an elastic band 512 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the crank 592, a protective sleeve 510 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic band 512, and a retaining ring 511 is fixedly connected to the end of the protective sleeve 510 away from the elastic band 512. A groove matching the retaining ring 511 is opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment box 51.
[0039] Specifically, by setting an elastic band 512 on the outer wall of the crank 592, then connecting a retaining ring 511 to the bottom surface of the adjustment box 51 via a slot, and setting a protective sleeve 510 between the retaining ring 511 and the elastic band 512, external dirt is prevented from adhering to the internal structure of the balance component 59 during the operation of the equipment, thereby maintaining the smooth operation of the equipment structure.
[0040] The work process is as follows:
[0041] When using this device, the tracked vehicle 1 can be moved to the work site, and then the tilting frame 2 can be adjusted to make the motor 4 rotate to a suitable angle. Then the motor 4 is started to drive the adjustment unit 5 to work. When the motor 4 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 52 to rotate. The rotating shaft 52 drives the lower second gear 56 to rotate through the lower first gear 53. The lower second gear 56 drives the adjustment shaft 55 to rotate. The rotation of the adjustment shaft 55 drives the connecting valve 57 to rotate. The drill bit and the connecting valve 57 need to be fixedly connected beforehand. Then the drill bit is controlled to move downward to work by adjusting the lifting platform 3.
[0042] When the drill bit encounters a rock layer, the pressure is transmitted to the connecting valve 57. The connecting valve 57 buffers the pressure, slowing down the downward impact of the drill bit and reducing the impact force between the drill bit and the rock layer, thus protecting the drill bit. When the rock layer is thick, the pressure is transmitted to the adjusting component 54, causing the adjusting component 54 to move the adjusting shaft 55 upward. The adjusting component 54 then moves the second gear 56 upward, causing the lower second gear 56 to disengage from the first gear 53. Then, the upper second gear 56 meshes with the first gear 53, reducing the rotational speed of the adjusting shaft 55. This maintains the drill bit at a low rotational speed, reducing the wear caused by high-speed rotation and thus improving the service life of the drill bit.
[0043] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations, characterized in that, Includes a tracked vehicle (1), a tilting frame (2) is rotatably connected to the top surface of the tracked vehicle (1), a lifting platform (3) is slidably connected to the right side of the tilting frame (2), a motor (4) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform (3), and an adjustment unit (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform (3) by screws, and the adjustment unit (5) is rotatably connected to the motor (4). The adjustment unit (5) includes an adjustment box (51) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting platform (3), a rotating shaft (52) fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (4), a cavity is opened inside the adjustment box (51), two first gears (53) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (52), an adjustment shaft (55) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustment box (51), the adjustment shaft (55) is located on the left side of the rotating shaft (52), two second gears (56) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft (55), and the two adjacent first gears (53) and second gears (56) mesh with each other, an adjustment component (54) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft (55), and the adjustment component (54) is located between the two adjustment components (54), a balance component (59) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft (55), and a connecting valve (57) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the adjustment shaft (55).
2. The high-efficiency drilling equipment for complex formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the adjustment box (51) is provided with a moving groove (58) that matches the adjustment component (54), and stripes are provided between the outer wall of the adjustment component (54) and the moving groove (58).
3. The high-efficiency drilling equipment for complex formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (54) includes a balance plate (543) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjustment shaft (55). Two sets of balance rods (541) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the balance plate (543), and the balance rods (541) are fixedly connected to the adjustment box (51). A first spring (542) is sleeved on the outer wall of the balance rods (541) on both the front and rear sides, and the first spring (542) is located above the balance plate (543). A balance frame (544) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the balance plate (543), and the balance frame (544) is slidably connected to the adjustment box (51). The balance frame (544) is rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft (55).
4. The high-efficiency drilling equipment for complex formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The balancing assembly (59) includes a crank (592) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the adjusting shaft (55). The adjusting shaft (55) is divided into upper and lower sections. A hexagonal column (591) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower section of the adjusting shaft (55), and the hexagonal column (591) is slidably connected to the upper section of the adjusting shaft (55). A bearing (593) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crank (592). Six rotating plates (594) are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bearing (593). A sliding sleeve (595) is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating plate (594) away from the bearing (593) by a screw. A fixed rod (596) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (595). A second spring (597) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod (596). The second spring (597) is located at the end of the sliding sleeve (595) near the adjusting shaft (55).
5. A high-efficiency drilling device for complex formations as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the regulating box (51) is fixedly connected with multiple concave plates (598). The concave plates (598) are fixedly connected with the fixing rod (596). The bottom surface of the concave plates (598) is fixedly connected with two bolts (5910). The bolts (5910) penetrate into the interior of the regulating box (51). The bottom surface of the regulating box (51) is provided with a fixing groove (599) that matches the concave plates (598).
6. The high-efficiency drilling equipment for complex formations as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the crank (592) is slidably connected to an elastic band (512), and the outer wall of the elastic band (512) is fixedly connected to a protective sleeve (510). The end of the protective sleeve (510) away from the elastic band (512) is fixedly connected to a retaining ring (511), and the bottom surface of the adjustment box (51) is provided with a groove that matches the retaining ring (511).