Concrete spraying equipment and method for primary support

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete spraying device and method for preliminary bracing, and relates to the technical field of concrete spraying, the concrete spraying device comprises a vehicle seat, a cab, a pumping mechanism, an operating mechanism, a spraying assembly and an accelerator adding mechanism, and the cab, the pumping mechanism, the operating mechanism and the accelerator adding mechanism are arranged on the vehicle seat; the pumping mechanism is communicated with the spraying assembly through a pipeline, the operating mechanism is connected with the spraying assembly in a fastening mode, the operating mechanism is connected with the accelerator adding mechanism in a fastening mode, and the spraying assembly is communicated with the accelerator adding mechanism through a pipeline. The accelerator permeates into the concrete from top to bottom, due to the shape limitation of the spray head, a large amount of sprayed concrete below can cover a layer of dried concrete to form a layer of thicker soil wall, the original insufficient amount is made up, in the upward spraying process, the concrete is covered with a layer of thin layer thick, the thin layer is dried first, and the thick layer is dried later; therefore, the drying efficiency of the sprayed concrete is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete spraying technology, specifically to a concrete spraying device and method for initial support. Background Technology

[0002] Shotcrete equipment is used for the initial support construction of tunnels. It uses compressed air to mix a quick-setting agent with the concrete pumped to the nozzle, and then sprays the mixture at high speed onto the support surface. To prevent the tunnel from collapsing, steel arches are used to support the inner walls of the tunnel before wet shotcreting. The steel arches and the solidified concrete work together to provide initial support for the tunnel.

[0003] Currently, the wet spraying process and wet spraying trolleys have significantly reduced the impact on the construction environment, lowered labor intensity, improved project quality, and reduced material rebound. However, there is still room for further optimization and solutions. The influence of the initial setting time of the accelerator and the differences in the adhesion of sprayed concrete at different locations in the tunnel prevent the wet spraying trolley from reaching its full production efficiency. Excessive thickness in a single spray can easily lead to large-scale collapse and detachment of uncured concrete. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concrete spraying device and method for initial support, so as to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A concrete spraying device for initial support includes a vehicle seat, a driver's cab, a pumping mechanism, an operating mechanism, a spraying assembly, and a quick-setting agent addition mechanism. The driver's cab, pumping mechanism, operating mechanism, and quick-setting agent addition mechanism are respectively mounted on the vehicle seat. The pumping mechanism and the spraying assembly are connected by pipelines. The operating mechanism and the spraying assembly are fastened together. The operating mechanism and the quick-setting agent addition mechanism are fastened together. The spraying assembly and the quick-setting agent addition mechanism are connected by pipelines.

[0006] The operator controls the spraying equipment from the cab to reach the designated location. Once there, the driver keeps the vehicle seat stationary and pours concrete into the pumping mechanism, which then transports the concrete to the spraying assembly. The accelerator addition mechanism also delivers accelerator to the spraying assembly. After the accelerator and concrete are mixed, the concrete is sprayed onto the construction site. The accelerator allows the concrete to dry quickly. The spraying assembly limits the range of concrete spraying. The operating mechanism moves the spraying assembly to the construction site by rotating and moving it up and down.

[0007] Furthermore, the vehicle seat includes a chassis and a support cylinder, which are fastened together. The chassis is equipped with a driver's cab, a pumping mechanism, an operating mechanism, and a quick-setting agent adding mechanism. There are four sets of support cylinders, which are respectively located under the chassis.

[0008] The cab, pumping mechanism, operating mechanism, and quick-setting agent addition mechanism are all mounted on the chassis. Four support cylinders are installed under the chassis, and the four support cylinders are located at the four corners of the chassis. When the spraying equipment reaches the designated position, the four support cylinders support the ground, thus preventing the spraying equipment from moving arbitrarily.

[0009] Furthermore, the cab includes a driver's compartment and a seat, which are securely connected to the chassis, and the driver's compartment is equipped with a seat.

[0010] The cockpit is located outside the chassis, and the operator can sit in the seat inside the cockpit to operate the equipment. The cockpit is used to protect the operator and the operating equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the pumping mechanism includes a hopper, a protective box, a pumping hydraulic cylinder, a guide pipe, a branch pipe, a concrete conveying pipe, and a concrete cylinder. The protective box is securely connected to the chassis. The hopper is located above the protective box. Inside the protective box, there are two pumping hydraulic cylinders and two concrete cylinders. The hopper is connected to the guide pipe below. There are two guide pipes, which are inserted into the two concrete cylinders respectively. The pumping hydraulic cylinders are connected to the concrete cylinders. One pumping hydraulic cylinder and one concrete cylinder are set as a group. The two concrete cylinders are connected to the inlet pipe of the branch pipe, and the outlet pipe of the branch pipe is connected to the concrete conveying pipe. The concrete conveying pipe is connected to the spraying component pipe.

[0012] Concrete is conveyed from the hopper into the pumping mechanism. The protective box is used to protect the pumping hydraulic cylinder and the concrete cylinder. Concrete enters the concrete cylinder from the hopper through the guide pipe. One set of pumping hydraulic cylinders squeezes the concrete in the concrete cylinder to discharge it into the branch pipe, while another set of pumping hydraulic cylinders retracts to expand the space for concrete to enter the concrete cylinder. The outlet of the branch pipe is connected to the concrete delivery pipe. The concrete in the branch pipe is squeezed and discharged into the concrete delivery pipe. The concrete in the concrete delivery pipe is continuously squeezed and moves towards the spraying assembly until it is delivered into the spraying assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the output end of the pumping hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a push plate, which is slidably connected to the concrete cylinder.

[0014] The pusher plate at the output end of the pumping hydraulic cylinder is used to push the concrete in the concrete cylinder and apply pressure to discharge the concrete into the bifurcation pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating mechanism includes a base and a robotic arm, the base and chassis are fastened together, the base and robotic arm are rotatably connected, the robotic arm and the accelerator addition mechanism are fastened together, and the robotic arm and the spraying assembly are fastened together.

[0016] The base is fixed to the chassis, and the robotic arm on the base can rotate freely, which facilitates the left, right and forward and backward movement of the spraying assembly. The control robotic arm can drive the spraying assembly to move up and down. The accelerator addition mechanism is fixed to the robotic arm, which facilitates the addition of accelerator to the concrete in the spraying assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the spraying assembly includes a nozzle, a connecting frame, a mixing pipe, and a feed pipe. One end of the feed pipe is inserted into the low-pressure section of the mixing pipe, and the other end of the feed pipe is connected to the quick-setting agent addition mechanism. The contraction end of the mixing pipe is connected to the concrete delivery pipe, and the diffusion end of the mixing pipe is connected to the nozzle.

[0018] Concrete is transported to the mixing pipe through the concrete delivery pipe. The mixing pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the robotic arm via a connecting frame and a robotic arm, allowing the robotic arm to move the spraying assembly. When the concrete enters the mixing pipe, it first enters the shrinkage section, creating low pressure. At the same time, the feed pipe inserted into the mixing pipe delivers accelerator into the mixing pipe. The low pressure makes it easier for the accelerator to be absorbed into the concrete, and the accelerator is integrated into the concrete from top to bottom. Therefore, at this time, there is more accelerator in the upper concrete than in the lower concrete. Then, the mixed concrete enters the diffusion section, where the pressure increases and it is sprayed out. Originally, the sprayed concrete was in a scattered state, but due to the limitation of the nozzle, the sprayed concrete can only spray a small area.

[0019] Furthermore, the nozzle is teardrop-shaped, with the radius of the upper semicircle of the nozzle being smaller than the radius of the lower semicircle.

[0020] Due to the limitations of the nozzle shape, less concrete is sprayed at the top and more at the bottom. Furthermore, the top layer contains more accelerator, while the bottom layer contains less. As the robotic arm moves the nozzle upwards, the larger amount of concrete from the bottom covers the already dried layer, forming a thicker layer to compensate for the initial shortfall. During the upward spraying process, thicker layers of concrete overlap thinner ones, with the thinner layer drying first and the thicker layer drying later. This improves the drying efficiency of the sprayed concrete and reduces the likelihood of concrete falling off due to insufficient drying time, thus increasing the utilization rate of the concrete.

[0021] Furthermore, the accelerator addition mechanism includes an accelerator tank, an accelerator delivery pipe, and a metering pump. The accelerator tank is securely connected to the chassis, the outlet of the accelerator tank is connected to the accelerator delivery pipe, the accelerator delivery pipe is connected to the metering pump inlet pipe, the metering pump outlet is connected to the feed pipe, and the metering pump is securely connected to the robotic arm.

[0022] The accelerator bucket is used to store the accelerator. The accelerator is delivered to the metering pump through the accelerator delivery pipe. The metering pump controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters the mixing pipe from the top, it penetrates into the concrete from top to bottom. The low-pressure zone of the mixing pipe allows the accelerator to penetrate even faster. As a result, the amount of accelerator at the top of the sprayed concrete is greater than that at the bottom, so the concrete sprayed from the top can dry more quickly.

[0023] Furthermore, the method includes the following steps: S1. Feeding material through the hopper; S2. Concrete is delivered to the spraying assembly via a pumping mechanism; S3. Accelerator is added to the delivered concrete through an accelerator addition mechanism; S4. Move the nozzle to the spray position using a robotic arm; S5. Fix the spray range using the nozzle.

[0024] Concrete is conveyed from the hopper into the pumping mechanism. The concrete enters the concrete cylinder from the hopper through the guide pipe, and then enters the branch pipe through the pumping hydraulic cylinder. The concrete in the branch pipe is squeezed and discharged into the concrete delivery pipe. The concrete in the concrete delivery pipe is continuously squeezed and moves towards the spraying component until it is delivered into the mixing pipe. The accelerator is delivered to the metering pump through the accelerator delivery pipe. The metering pump controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters the mixing pipe from the top, it seeps into the concrete from top to bottom. When the robotic arm moves the nozzle upward, due to the shape limitation of the nozzle, less concrete is sprayed at the top and more at the bottom.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the concrete in the concrete delivery pipe is continuously compressed and moves towards the spraying component until it is delivered into the mixing pipe. The accelerator is delivered to the metering pump through the accelerator delivery pipe. The metering pump controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters the mixing pipe from the top, it penetrates into the concrete from top to bottom. When the robotic arm moves the nozzle upward, due to the shape limitation of the nozzle, the large amount of concrete sprayed from below will cover the already dried layer of concrete to form a thicker layer of soil wall, making up for the original insufficient amount. During the upward spraying process, a thick layer of concrete covers a thin layer, with the thin layer drying first and the thick layer drying later, thereby improving the drying efficiency of the concrete after spraying. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the overall invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pumping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the spray assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spray assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part A of the view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the accelerator addition mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Seat; 11. Chassis; 12. Support cylinder; 2. Cab; 21. Driver's cab; 22. Seat; 3. Pumping mechanism; 31. Hopper; 32. Protective box; 33. Pumping hydraulic cylinder; 331. Push plate; 34. Guide pipe; 35. Branch pipe; 36. Concrete conveying pipe; 37. Concrete cylinder; 4. Operating mechanism; 41. Base; 42. Robotic arm; 5. Spraying assembly; 51. Nozzle; 52. Connecting frame; 53. Mixing pipe; 54. Feed pipe; 6. Accelerator addition mechanism; 61. Accelerator tank; 62. Accelerator conveying pipe; 63. Metering pump. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example: Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a concrete spraying equipment and method for initial support.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a concrete spraying device for initial support includes a seat 1, a cab 2, a pumping mechanism 3, an operating mechanism 4, a spraying component 5, and a quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6. The cab 2, pumping mechanism 3, operating mechanism 4, and quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6 are respectively mounted on the seat 1. The pumping mechanism 3 and the spraying component 5 are connected by pipes. The operating mechanism 4 and the spraying component 5 are fastened together. The operating mechanism 4 and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6 are fastened together. The spraying component 5 and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6 are connected by pipes.

[0031] The operator operates the spraying equipment through the cab 2 to reach the designated location. After arrival, the vehicle seat 1 is kept stationary. Concrete is poured into the pumping mechanism 3, which then transports the concrete to the spraying assembly 5. The accelerator addition mechanism 6 also delivers accelerator to the spraying assembly 5. The accelerator and concrete are mixed and sprayed onto the construction site. The accelerator allows the concrete to dry quickly. The spraying assembly 5 can limit the range of concrete spraying. The operating mechanism 4 moves the spraying assembly 5 to the construction site by rotating and moving it up and down.

[0032] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the vehicle seat 1 includes a chassis 11 and a support cylinder 12. The chassis 11 and the support cylinder 12 are fastened together. The chassis 11 is provided with a driver's cab 2, a pumping mechanism 3, an operating mechanism 4, and a quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6. There are four sets of support cylinders 12, and the four sets of support cylinders 12 are respectively placed under the chassis 11.

[0033] The cab 2, pumping mechanism 3, operating mechanism 4 and quick-setting agent addition mechanism 6 are all installed on the chassis 11. Four support cylinders 12 are installed under the chassis 11. The four support cylinders 12 are respectively placed at the four corners of the chassis 11. When the spraying equipment reaches the designated position, the four support cylinders 12 support the ground, so that the spraying equipment cannot move at will.

[0034] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the driver's cab 2 includes a driver's compartment 21 and a seat 22. The driver's compartment 21 is fastened to the chassis 11, and the seat 22 is provided inside the driver's compartment 21.

[0035] The cockpit 21 is located outside the chassis 11. The operator can sit in the seat 22 inside the cockpit 21 to operate the equipment. The cockpit 21 is used to protect the operator and the operating equipment.

[0036] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the pumping mechanism 3 includes a hopper 31, a protective box 32, a pumping hydraulic cylinder 33, a guide pipe 34, a branch pipe 35, a concrete conveying pipe 36, and a concrete cylinder 37. The protective box 32 is fastened to the chassis 11. The hopper 31 is located above the protective box 32. Two pumping hydraulic cylinders 33 and two concrete cylinders 37 are respectively located inside the protective box 32. The hopper 31 is connected to the guide pipe 34 below. There are two guide pipes 34, which are respectively inserted into the two concrete cylinders 37. The pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the concrete cylinder 37. One pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 and one concrete cylinder 37 are set as a group. The two concrete cylinders 37 are respectively connected to the inlet pipe of the branch pipe 35. The outlet pipe of the branch pipe 35 is connected to the concrete conveying pipe 36. The concrete conveying pipe 36 is connected to the spraying assembly 5.

[0037] Concrete is conveyed from hopper 31 into pumping mechanism 3. Protective box 32 is used to protect pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 and concrete cylinder 37. Concrete enters concrete cylinder 37 from hopper 31 through guide pipe 34. One set of pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 discharges concrete into bifurcation pipe 35 by squeezing the concrete in concrete cylinder 37, and another set of pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 retracts to expand the space for concrete to enter concrete in concrete cylinder 37. The outlet of bifurcation pipe 35 is connected to concrete delivery pipe 36. Concrete in bifurcation pipe 35 is squeezed and discharged into concrete delivery pipe 36. Concrete in concrete delivery pipe 36 is continuously squeezed and moves towards spraying assembly 5 until it is delivered into spraying assembly 5.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the output end of the pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 is provided with a push plate 331, and the push plate 331 and the concrete cylinder 37 are slidably connected.

[0039] The push plate 331 at the output end of the pumping hydraulic cylinder 33 is used to push the concrete in the concrete cylinder 37 and apply pressure to discharge the concrete into the bifurcation pipe 35.

[0040] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the operating mechanism 4 includes a base 41 and a robotic arm 42. The base 41 is fastened to the chassis 11, the base 41 is rotatably connected to the robotic arm 42, the robotic arm 42 is fastened to the accelerator adding mechanism 6, and the robotic arm 42 is fastened to the spraying assembly 5.

[0041] The base 41 is fixed to the chassis 11. The robotic arm 42 on the base 41 can rotate freely, which facilitates the left, right and forward and backward movement of the spraying assembly 5. The control robotic arm 42 can drive the spraying assembly 5 to move up and down. The quick-setting agent addition mechanism 6 is fixed to the robotic arm 42, which facilitates the addition of quick-setting agent to the concrete in the spraying assembly 5.

[0042] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the spraying assembly 5 includes a nozzle 51, a connecting frame 52, a mixing pipe 53, and a feed pipe 54. One end of the feed pipe 54 is inserted into the low-pressure section of the mixing pipe 53, and the other end of the feed pipe 54 is connected to the quick-setting agent adding mechanism 6. The contraction end of the mixing pipe 53 is connected to the concrete conveying pipe 36, and the diffusion end of the mixing pipe 53 is connected to the nozzle 51.

[0043] Concrete is transported to the mixing pipe 53 through the concrete delivery pipe 36. The mixing pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the robotic arm 42 through the connecting frame 52 and the robotic arm 42, so that the robotic arm 42 can drive the spraying component 5 to move. When the concrete enters the mixing pipe 53, it first enters the shrinkage section, forming a low pressure. At the same time, the feed pipe 54 inserted into the mixing pipe 53 delivers the accelerator into the mixing pipe 53. The low pressure makes it easier for the accelerator to be absorbed into the concrete, and the accelerator is integrated into the concrete from top to bottom. Therefore, at this time, there is more accelerator in the upper concrete than in the lower concrete. Then, the mixed concrete enters the diffusion section, the pressure increases and it is sprayed out. Originally, the sprayed concrete was in a scattered state. Due to the limitation of the nozzle 51, the sprayed concrete can only spray a small area.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the nozzle 51 is teardrop-shaped, and the radius of the upper semicircle of the nozzle 51 is smaller than the radius of the lower semicircle.

[0045] Due to the shape limitations of the nozzle 51, the amount of sprayed concrete is less at the top and more at the bottom. Furthermore, the top concrete contains more accelerator, while the bottom concrete contains less. The concrete with less at the top dries first, forming a thinner layer of soil. As the robotic arm 42 moves the nozzle 51 upwards, the concrete with more at the bottom covers the already dried layer, forming a thicker layer of soil to compensate for the insufficient amount. During the upward spraying process, a thick layer of concrete covers a thin layer, with the thinner layer drying first and the thicker layer drying later. This improves the drying efficiency of the sprayed concrete and reduces the likelihood of concrete falling off due to insufficient drying time, thus increasing the utilization rate of the concrete.

[0046] like Figures 6-7 As shown, the accelerator addition mechanism 6 includes an accelerator tank 61, an accelerator delivery pipe 62, and a metering pump 63. The accelerator tank 61 is fastened to the chassis 11. The outlet of the accelerator tank 61 is connected to the accelerator delivery pipe 62. The accelerator delivery pipe 62 is connected to the inlet pipe of the metering pump 63. The outlet of the metering pump 63 is connected to the feed pipe 54. The metering pump 63 is fastened to the robotic arm 42.

[0047] The accelerator tank 61 is used to store the accelerator. The accelerator is delivered to the metering pump 63 through the accelerator delivery pipe 62. The metering pump 63 controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters the mixing pipe 53 from the top, it penetrates into the concrete from top to bottom. The low-pressure zone of the mixing pipe 53 allows the accelerator to penetrate more quickly, so the amount of accelerator at the top of the sprayed concrete is greater than that at the bottom. This allows the concrete sprayed from the top to dry more quickly.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S1. Feed material through hopper 31; S2. Concrete is delivered to the spraying assembly 5 via the pumping mechanism 3; S3. Accelerator is added to the delivered concrete through the accelerator addition mechanism 6. S4. Move the nozzle 51 to the spraying position using the robotic arm 42; S5. Fix the spray range through nozzle 51.

[0049] Concrete is conveyed from hopper 31 into pumping mechanism 3. The concrete enters concrete cylinder 37 from hopper 31 through guide pipe 34, and then enters bifurcation pipe 35 through pumping hydraulic cylinder 33. The concrete in bifurcation pipe 35 is squeezed and discharged into concrete delivery pipe 36. The concrete in concrete delivery pipe 36 is continuously squeezed and moves towards spraying component 5 until it is delivered into mixing pipe 53. Accelerator is delivered to metering pump 63 through accelerator delivery pipe 62. The metering pump 63 controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters mixing pipe 53 from the top, it seeps into the concrete from top to bottom. When robotic arm 42 moves nozzle 51 upward, due to the shape limitation of nozzle 51, the amount of concrete sprayed is less at the top and more at the bottom.

[0050] Working principle of the invention: Concrete is conveyed from hopper 31 into pumping mechanism 3. The concrete enters concrete cylinder 37 from hopper 31 through guide pipe 34, and then enters branch pipe 35 through pumping hydraulic cylinder 33. The concrete in branch pipe 35 is squeezed and discharged into concrete delivery pipe 36. The concrete in concrete delivery pipe 36 is continuously squeezed and moves towards spraying component 5 until it is delivered into mixing pipe 53. Accelerator is delivered to metering pump 63 through accelerator delivery pipe 62. The metering pump 63 controls the amount of accelerator delivered into the concrete. Since the accelerator enters mixing pipe 53 from the top, it seeps into the concrete from top to bottom. When robotic arm 42 moves nozzle 51 upward, due to the shape limitation of nozzle 51, the large amount of concrete sprayed from below will cover the already dried layer of concrete to form a thicker layer of soil wall, making up for the original insufficient amount. During the upward spraying process, a thick layer of concrete covers a thin layer, with the thin layer drying first and the thick layer drying later, thereby improving the drying efficiency of the concrete after spraying.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A concrete spraying apparatus for primary support, characterised in that: The concrete spraying equipment comprises a vehicle seat (1), a cab (2), a pumping mechanism (3), an operating mechanism (4), a spraying assembly (5) and a quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6), the cab (2), the pumping mechanism (3), the operating mechanism (4) and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6) are respectively arranged on the vehicle seat (1), the pumping mechanism (3) and the spraying assembly (5) are in pipeline connection, the operating mechanism (4) and the spraying assembly (5) are in fastening connection, the operating mechanism (4) and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6) are in fastening connection, and the spraying assembly (5) and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6) are in pipeline connection.

2. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 1, characterised in that: The vehicle seat (1) comprises a chassis (11) and support pressure cylinders (12), the chassis (11) and the support pressure cylinders (12) are in fastening connection, the cab (2), the pumping mechanism (3), the operating mechanism (4) and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6) are respectively arranged on the chassis (11), and the support pressure cylinders (12) are arranged in four groups and are respectively arranged below the chassis (11).

3. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 2, characterised in that: The cab (2) comprises a driver's cabin (21) and a seat (22), the driver's cabin (21) and the chassis (11) are in fastening connection, and the seat (22) is arranged in the driver's cabin (21).

4. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 3, characterised in that: The pumping mechanism (3) comprises a hopper (31), a protection box (32), pumping hydraulic cylinders (33), guide pipes (34), branch pipes (35), a concrete conveying pipe (36) and concrete cylinders (37), the protection box (32) and the chassis (11) are in fastening connection, the hopper (31) is arranged above the protection box (32), two pumping hydraulic cylinders (33) and two concrete cylinders (37) are respectively arranged in the protection box (32), the hopper (31) is in pipeline connection with the guide pipes (34) below, the guide pipes (34) are arranged in two groups and are respectively inserted into the concrete cylinders (37), the pumping hydraulic cylinders (33) and the concrete cylinders (37) are connected, one pumping hydraulic cylinder (33) and one concrete cylinder (37) form a group, the two concrete cylinders (37) are respectively in pipeline connection with the inlet of the branch pipes (35), the outlet of the branch pipes (35) is in pipeline connection with the concrete conveying pipe (36), and the concrete conveying pipe (36) is in pipeline connection with the spraying assembly (5).

5. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 4, characterised in that: The pumping hydraulic cylinders (33) are provided with push plates (331) at output ends, and the push plates (331) are in sliding connection with the concrete cylinders (37).

6. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 5, characterised in that: The operating mechanism (4) comprises a base (41) and a mechanical arm (42), the base (41) and the chassis (11) are in fastening connection, the base (41) and the mechanical arm (42) are in rotary connection, the mechanical arm (42) and the quick-setting agent adding mechanism (6) are in fastening connection, and the mechanical arm (42) and the spraying assembly (5) are in fastening connection.

7. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 6, characterised in that: The spraying assembly (5) comprises a nozzle (51), a connecting frame (52), a mixing pipe (53) and a feeding pipe (54), one end of the feeding pipe (54) is inserted into the low-pressure section of the mixing pipe (53), the other end of the feeding pipe (54) is in pipeline communication with the pipe of the accelerator adding mechanism (6), the constricted end of the mixing pipe (53) is in pipeline communication with the concrete conveying pipe (36), and the diffused end of the mixing pipe (53) is in pipeline communication with the nozzle (51).

8. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 7, characterised in that: The nozzle (51) is in the shape of a water drop, and the radius of the semicircle on the upper side of the nozzle (51) is smaller than that on the lower side.

9. A concrete jetticing apparatus for primary support according to claim 8, characterised in that: The accelerator adding mechanism (6) comprises an accelerator barrel (61), an accelerator conveying pipe (62) and a metering pump (63), the accelerator barrel (61) is fastened to the bottom plate (11), the outlet of the accelerator barrel (61) is in pipeline communication with the accelerator conveying pipe (62), the accelerator conveying pipe (62) is in pipeline communication with the inlet of the metering pump (63), the outlet of the metering pump (63) is in pipeline communication with the feeding pipe (54), and the metering pump (63) is fastened to the mechanical arm (42).

10. A method of primary support concrete spraying apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, feeding through the hopper (31); S2, conveying the concrete to the spraying assembly (5) through the pumping mechanism (3); S3, adding the accelerator into the conveyed concrete through the accelerator adding mechanism (6); S4, moving the nozzle (51) to the spraying position through the mechanical arm (42); S5, fixing the spraying range through the nozzle (51).

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