High-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarization tapered slot antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarization tapered slot line antenna, and relates to the technical field of antennae, the antenna comprises two tapered slot line antenna units with the same structure, a conical dielectric lens and a plurality of metal rings, the two tapered slot line antenna units are nested and combined in a 90-degree rotation manner, and each antenna unit is provided with a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer from top to bottom; and the first metal layer is provided with a quarter circular slot, an elliptic arc curve slot and a rectangular-circular-symmetric index curve combined slot. The antenna has the advantages that the geometric structure of the second tapered slot antenna unit is designed on a plane orthogonally symmetric to the plane of the first tapered slot antenna unit in a mirror image manner through the radiation system; the high geometric symmetry is realized, the feeder lines of the two antenna units face each other in the same quarter space separated by the substrate, and the feed terminals are located in diagonal areas, so that the feeder lines do not interfere with each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a high-bandwidth, high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As a key front-end device in wireless communication systems, the performance of antennas directly determines the transmission distance, bandwidth capacity, and anti-interference capability of the system. In modern communication scenarios, especially in applications such as through-wall communication, long-distance detection, and high-density data transmission, multiple performance requirements are placed on antennas, including broadband, high gain, miniaturization, and dual polarization.

[0003] As a classic broadband antenna form, tapered slot antennas have become an ideal choice for achieving long-distance, high-gain communication due to their ultra-wideband impedance matching characteristics, high radiation efficiency, strong directivity, and structural scalability. Compared with traditional microstrip antennas, tapered slot antennas have significant advantages in operating bandwidth and gain, and are also cheaper to manufacture and easier to integrate in planar form. Although traditional microstrip antennas have advantages such as compact structure and light weight, their inherent narrowband characteristics and limited gain make it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of large bandwidth and high radiation efficiency for emerging applications such as 5G / 6G, millimeter-wave communication, radar sensing, and the Internet of Things. In addition, most microstrip antennas only support a single polarization mode, which limits their ability to improve channel capacity and resist multipath fading.

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned bottlenecks, dual-polarized antenna technology has attracted widespread attention. By supporting two orthogonal polarizations in the same physical structure, dual-polarized antennas can not only achieve polarization diversity, but also multiply the communication capacity without occupying additional spectrum resources. Due to the symmetry of its structure, tapered slot lines are naturally suitable for building high-performance dual-polarized antennas, especially suitable for scenarios requiring high isolation and wide-angle coverage.

[0005] Meanwhile, as communication devices develop towards portability and embeddedness, antenna miniaturization has become another key challenge. Complex urban environments, indoor through-wall propagation, or multi-platform co-installation scenarios all require antennas to minimize their size and profile height while maintaining high performance. We propose a high-bandwidth, high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-bandwidth, high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-bandwidth, high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot line antenna, the antenna comprising two mutually orthogonal and structurally identical first tapered slot line antenna elements and a second tapered slot line antenna element, the first and second tapered slot line antenna elements being arranged in a 90° rotational configuration and nested together, the combined structure of the first and second tapered slot line antenna elements being provided with a conical dielectric lens at the top, and the first and second tapered slot line antenna elements being surrounded by multiple metal rings.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the first gradient slot antenna unit includes a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer arranged from top to bottom, and the three are integrated on a PCB substrate. The length of the PCB substrate is denoted as L, the width as W and the thickness as d.

[0009] The first metal layer is a radiation layer used to enhance radiation characteristics. The radiation function is achieved through gradient metal grooves. The first metal layer has quarter-circular grooves at its corners and elliptical arc grooves formed by double quarter-elliptical arcs on its sides. The quarter-circular grooves and elliptical arc grooves are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the metal layer. The first metal layer has a combined groove in its center, including a rectangular groove, a central circular groove, and a symmetrical exponential curve groove. The second metal layer is used for power feeding.

[0010] Quarter-circular slots: There are two in total, symmetrically located at the two bottom corners of the radial patch, with a radius denoted as r1;

[0011] Elliptical arc curve slots: There are two in total, symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the radiating patch, and they are composed of double quarter-elliptical arcs. The distance from the edge of the radiating patch is denoted as La.

[0012] Combination slot: Located at the center of the radiating patch, it consists of a rectangular slot, a central circular slot, and a symmetrical exponential curve slot connected in sequence along the length direction. The rectangular slot is left at a preset distance from the edge of the patch to ensure current continuity and keep the entire radiating patch as a whole. The diameter of the central circular slot is denoted as r2, and the opening length of the end of the symmetrical exponential curve slot is denoted as Wa.

[0013] The dielectric layer is a single dielectric substrate with a relative permittivity of 3 and a loss tangent of 0.0018. The bottom corner of the dielectric layer has a quarter-circular slot that is exactly the same in position and size as the quarter-circular slot of the first metal layer. A rectangular extension slot extending inward from the edge is opened at the center. The width of the rectangular extension slot is slightly larger than the thickness of the PCB substrate itself. In addition, five rows of symmetrical holes are opened on the dielectric layer. The radius of the holes is the same as the cross-sectional radius of the metal ring, which is for the metal ring to pass through during assembly.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the second metal layer includes two microstrip lines and a fan-shaped terminal. One segment of the microstrip line is a width-gradient microstrip line, and the other segment is a quarter-circle arc microstrip line. The radius of the quarter-circle arc microstrip line is denoted as r3, and the radius of the fan-shaped terminal is denoted as r4. The width-gradient microstrip line is located at the bottom rear end of the PCB substrate and is directly connected to the radiation layer through an input port. The quarter-circle arc microstrip line passes through the center of the substrate and maintains a certain distance from the rectangular extension slot of the dielectric layer.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the first gradient slotted antenna unit has a rectangular extended slot at the center of the dielectric layer starting from the edge, the width of the rectangular extended slot is greater than the thickness of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric layer has a matching quarter-circular slot at the position corresponding to the quarter-circular slot. The rectangular slots of the second gradient slotted antenna unit are directly distributed at the edge of the patch, causing the radiating patch to be divided into left and right halves. Therefore, a metal solder joint is provided on the outside of the antenna unit to connect the disconnected radiating patch to ensure current continuity.

[0016] The length of the rectangular extension slot of the first gradient slot antenna unit is denoted as L1, and the length of the rectangular extension slot of the second gradient slot antenna unit is denoted as L2. The sum of L1 and L2 is equal to the total length of the PCB substrate of a single antenna unit. When the two units are orthogonally embedded at 90°, their rectangular extension slots intersect each other to form an integrated support structure.

[0017] The PCB substrates of the first and second gradient slot line antenna units are folded at ninety degrees along both sides towards the side where the first metal layer is located. After folding, a side plate is formed. The width of the side plate is denoted as Wb, which is used to enhance the overall mechanical stability and improve the low-frequency gain performance.

[0018] The conical dielectric lens is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has a relative permittivity greater than 2 and extremely low electrical loss (loss tangent of 0.0002). The conical dielectric lens includes a cylindrical base and an irregular cone. The height of the cylindrical base is denoted as h and the diameter as R. The height of the irregular cone is denoted as t. An orthogonal rectangular slot is opened in the middle of the irregular cone. The width of the orthogonal rectangular slot is slightly larger than the width of the antenna unit PCB substrate. The first gradient slot antenna unit and the second gradient slot antenna unit are orthogonally combined and nested in the orthogonal rectangular slot.

[0019] The metal rings are made of copper, and there are five in total. They have the same cross-sectional thickness and their center radii increase sequentially (denoted as ra, rb, rc, rd, and re, respectively). Each metal ring is embedded in a hole in the dielectric layer of two antenna elements. This serves to fix the basic antenna structure, prevent misalignment of the orthogonal plates, suppress current leakage on the substrate surface, and further optimize radiation efficiency.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the second gradient slot antenna element includes a first metal layer, a dielectric layer, and a second metal layer, which have the same structure as the first gradient slot antenna element.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the second gradient slotted antenna unit has a rectangular extended slot at the center of the dielectric layer starting from the edge, the width of the rectangular extended slot is greater than the thickness of the dielectric substrate, the first metal layer of the second gradient slotted antenna unit is broken at the edge, and the second gradient slotted antenna unit is separately welded on the outside to ensure current continuity, and the dielectric layer has a matching quarter-circular slot at the position corresponding to the quarter-circular slot.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: the rectangular extension slot widths of the dielectric layer of the first gradient slot antenna unit and the second gradient slot antenna unit are equal, and the sum of their lengths is equal to the total length of a single antenna unit substrate. When the first gradient slot antenna unit and the second gradient slot antenna unit are orthogonally embedded at 90°, their rectangular extension slots intersect each other to form an integrated support structure.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the substrates of the first and second gradient slot antenna units are both folded at ninety degrees toward the side where the first metal layer is located at both side edges to form side plates.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention: the material of the conical dielectric lens has a relative permittivity greater than 2 and extremely low electrical loss. The conical dielectric lens includes a cylindrical base and an irregular cone. An orthogonal rectangular slot is opened in the middle of the irregular cone. The width of the orthogonal rectangular slot is slightly larger than the width of the antenna unit substrate.

[0025] As a further aspect of the present invention: the metal ring passes through the holes of the first and second gradient slotted antenna units, with a total of five holes, all having the same cross-sectional thickness and successively increasing center radii.

[0026] As a further aspect of the present invention: the antenna operates in the frequency band of 0.67-5.7GHz, which is an extremely wide frequency range that can cover the operating frequency bands of cellular communication systems, private LTE networks, Wi-Fi infrastructure, and through-wall imaging applications.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention by adopting the above technical solution are as follows:

[0028] 1. The present invention achieves high geometric symmetry by mirroring the geometric structure of the second tapered slot antenna unit on a plane orthogonally symmetrical to the plane of the first tapered slot antenna unit through the radiation system. The feed lines of the two antenna units face each other in the same quarter space separated by the substrate, and the feed terminals are located in the diagonal region, so that they do not interfere with each other.

[0029] 2. The side plate formed by folding the edge of the antenna substrate in this invention can effectively ensure the mechanical stability of the entire system and improve the low-frequency gain performance.

[0030] 3. The present invention can improve antenna gain, reduce sidelobe level and increase front-to-back ratio by using an externally loaded conical dielectric lens. Furthermore, the conical dielectric lens adopts an inverted embedded design, which greatly reduces the volume of the entire radiation system.

[0031] 4. The present invention not only fixes the structure by passing a metal ring through the two antenna plates, but also enables the antenna to achieve the radiation effect of a horn antenna when it is working, while significantly reducing the weight of the horn antenna.

[0032] 5. This invention combines a dual-polarization structure with a wideband design, which not only achieves polarization diversity and multiplies the communication capacity, but also adapts to the needs of various high-performance wireless communication scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-polarized tapered slot antenna in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a top view of the dual-polarized tapered slot antenna in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first metal surface of the first antenna element in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dielectric layer and the second metal surface of the first antenna unit in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the conical dielectric lens in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) curves at both ports of the dual-polarized tapered slot antenna in the embodiment.

[0039] Figure 7 The diagram shows the isolation coefficient curves at both ports of the dual-polarized tapered slot antenna in this embodiment.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a gain curve diagram for the dual-polarized tapered slotted line antenna with a dielectric lens in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a comparison of gain curves for the dual-polarized tapered slot antenna with a dielectric lens and a metal ring in the embodiments.

[0042] Figure 10 The example shows the e-plane radiation pattern of the dual-polarized tapered slotted line antenna.

[0043] Figure 11 The image shows the h-plane radiation pattern of the dual-polarized gradient slotted line antenna in this embodiment.

[0044] In the figure: 1. First tapered slot antenna element; 2. Second tapered slot antenna element; 3. Conical dielectric lens; 4. Metal ring; 101. Quarter-circular slot; 102. Elliptical arc slot; 103. Rectangular slot; 104. Central circular slot; 105. Symmetrical exponential curve slot; 106. Side plate; 107. Dielectric layer quarter-circular slot; 108. Rectangular extended slot; 109. Hole; 110. Width-gradient microstrip line; 111. Quarter-circular arc microstrip line; 112. Fan-shaped terminal; 301. Cylindrical base; 302. Irregular cone; 303. Orthogonal rectangular slot. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0046] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0047] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a high-bandwidth, high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot line antenna employs dual-port excitation to achieve polarization diversity characteristics. It includes two orthogonal first tapered slot line antenna elements 1 and 2, a conical dielectric lens 3, and a metal ring 4.

[0048] The first gradient slot antenna element 1 includes a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer from top to bottom. The first metal layer is a radiating layer and the second metal layer is a feeding layer. The first metal layer, the dielectric layer and the second metal layer are integrated on a PCB substrate. The length of the antenna element substrate is denoted as L, the width as W and the thickness as d.

[0049] The second gradient slot antenna unit 2 also includes a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer from top to bottom. The antenna unit size is the same as that of the first gradient slot antenna unit 1, and each layer is integrated on a PCB substrate in the same way.

[0050] The radiating layer of the first gradient slotted antenna element 1 includes a radiating patch and four slots located on the radiating patch: a quarter-circular slot 101, a double quarter-elliptical arc slot 102, a rectangular slot 103, a central circular slot 104, and a symmetrical exponential curve slot 105. The quarter-circular slot 101 is located at the two bottom corners of the radiating patch, the double quarter-elliptical arc slot 102 is located on the left and right sides of the radiating patch, and the rectangular slot 103, central circular slot 104, and symmetrical exponential curve slot 105 are distributed sequentially from left to right at the center of the radiating patch. The three slots are connected to form a... A series of combined slots are formed, wherein the rectangular slot 103 is a certain distance from the edge of the patch to ensure the continuity of current. The entire radiating patch is a whole. The radius of the quarter-circular slot 101 is denoted as r1. The distance from the edge of the double quarter-elliptical arc slot 102 to the radiating patch is denoted as La. The diameter of the central circular slot 104 is denoted as r2. The length of the end opening of the symmetrical exponential curve slot 105 is denoted as Wa. The antenna radiating layer and the dielectric layer are folded together at ninety degrees at both sides of the substrate. The side plate 106 formed after folding faces the side where the radiating layer is located. The width of the side plate 106 is denoted as Wb.

[0051] The dielectric layer of the first gradient slot antenna element 1 is a single dielectric substrate with a relative permittivity of 3 and a loss tangent of 0.0018. A quarter-circular slot 107, identical to that of the radiating layer, is opened at its bottom corner. A rectangular extension slot 108 extending inward from the top edge is opened at the center. Five rows of symmetrical holes 109 are opened on the substrate. The radius of the holes 109 is the same as the cross-sectional radius of the metal ring 4. The metal ring 4 passes through these holes 109 during assembly. The length of the rectangular extension slot 108 is denoted as L1, and its width is slightly greater than the thickness of the substrate itself.

[0052] The feed layer of the first gradient slot antenna element 1 includes a width-gradient microstrip line 110, a quarter-circle arc microstrip line 111, and a fan-shaped terminal 112, which are connected as a whole to serve as the feed line of the antenna element. The width-gradient microstrip line 110 is located at the bottom of the rear end of the substrate and is directly connected to the radiating layer through the input port. The quarter-circle arc microstrip line 111 passes through the center of the substrate and maintains a certain distance from the rectangular extended slot 108. The radius of the quarter-circle arc microstrip line 111 is denoted as r3, and the radius of the fan-shaped terminal 112 is denoted as r4.

[0053] The radiating layer of the second gradient slotted antenna unit 2 includes a radiating patch and a quarter-circular slot 101, a double quarter-elliptical arc curve slot 102, a rectangular slot 103, a central circular slot 104, and a symmetrical exponential curve slot 105 located on the radiating patch. The slot structure other than the rectangular slot 103 is completely consistent with the radiating layer of the first gradient slotted antenna unit 1. The rectangular slot 103 is directly distributed at the edge of the patch, causing the radiating patch to be divided into left and right halves. Therefore, metal welding points are set on the outside of the antenna unit to connect the two halves of the radiating patch to ensure the continuity of current.

[0054] The dielectric layer of the second gradient slot antenna unit 2 is a single dielectric substrate identical to that of the first gradient slot antenna unit 1. It has a quarter-circular slot 107 at its bottom corner that is identical to the radiating layer. At its center, there is a rectangular extension slot 108 extending inward from the bottom edge. The width is slightly greater than the thickness of the substrate itself, and the length is denoted as L2. The sum of L2 and the length L1 of the rectangular extension slot 108 in the dielectric layer of the first gradient slot antenna unit 1 is equal to the length of the substrate. Five rows of symmetrical holes 109 are opened on the substrate, through which the metal ring 4 passes during assembly.

[0055] The feeding layer of the second gradient slot antenna element 2 has the same structure as the feeding layer of the first gradient slot antenna element 1.

[0056] The material of the conical dielectric lens 3 has a relative permittivity of 2.1 and a loss tangent of 0.0002. It includes a cylindrical base 301 and an irregular cone 302. The irregular cone 302 has an orthogonal rectangular slot 303 in the middle. The width of the slot is slightly larger than the width of the antenna element substrate. The two antenna substrates are orthogonally combined and embedded in the orthogonal rectangular slot 303. The height of the cylindrical base 301 is denoted as h and the diameter is denoted as R. The height of the irregular cone 302 is denoted as t.

[0057] The metal rings 4 are made of copper, and there are five of them. They have the same cross-sectional thickness and their center radii increase sequentially. They are all embedded in the holes 109 of the two antenna substrates. The cross-sectional radius of the metal rings 4 is denoted as rx, and the center radii are denoted as ra, rb, rc, rd, and re, respectively.

[0058] The preferred dimensions of the broadband dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] The length L of the antenna substrate is 238 mm.

[0060] The width W of the antenna substrate is 220mm;

[0061] The thickness d of the antenna substrate is 1 mm.

[0062] The radius of the quarter-circular groove 101 on the radiating surface is r1: 60 mm;

[0063] The distance La between the double quarter-elliptical arc groove on the radiating surface and the rear end of the radiating patch is 137.6 mm.

[0064] The diameter of the circular groove 104 at the center of the radiating surface is r2: 28mm;

[0065] Radiation surface symmetry index curve; end opening length Wa of slot 105: 185.74 mm;

[0066] Antenna side panel 106 width Wb: 20mm;

[0067] The first graded slotted line antenna element 1 has a rectangular extended slot 108 in the dielectric layer with a length L1 of 194 mm.

[0068] The second gradient slotted antenna element 2 has a rectangular extended slot 108 in the dielectric layer with a length L2 of 44 mm.

[0069] The radius r3 of the quarter-circle arc microstrip line 111 is 18.25 mm;

[0070] The radius r4 of the fan-shaped terminal of the power supply surface is 12mm.

[0071] Conical dielectric lens 3, cylindrical base 301, height h: 15mm;

[0072] Conical dielectric lens 3, cylindrical base 301, diameter R: 147.52mm;

[0073] Conical dielectric lens 3, irregular cone shape, 302, height t: 72.52 mm;

[0074] Metal ring 4, cross-sectional radius rx: 5mm;

[0075] Metal ring 4 center radius ra / rb / rc / rd / re: 30mm / 35mm / 40mm / 45mm / 50mm

[0076] Furthermore, to better illustrate the technical effects of the dual-polarized tapered slot wire antenna provided by the present invention, based on the above-mentioned preferred dimensions, the dual-polarized tapered slot wire antenna provided by the present invention was fabricated and simulation experiments were conducted. The simulation experiment results are explained from two aspects below:

[0077] Firstly, please refer to Figure 6-7 , Figure 6 This is a graph showing the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at both ends of the antenna. Figure 7 This is a graph showing the isolation coefficient between the two ports of the antenna. Figure 6 This reflects the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at both ports of the antenna. It can be seen that, based on the similar structure of the two antenna elements, the VSWR at port one and port two are almost identical within the range of 0.67-5.72 GHz, and both are below 2, indicating good impedance matching at both ports within this frequency band. Figure 7 This reflects the isolation between the antenna port 1 and port 2. It can be seen that within the operating frequency band, the isolation between the two ports is good, both maintaining a level below -30dB. This ensures that the two ports can work independently without interfering with each other.

[0078] Secondly, please refer to Figure 8-11 ;

[0079] Figure 8 Gain curves for the antenna without the conical dielectric lens 3 and metal ring 4, with the spherical dielectric lens, and with the tapered conical dielectric lens 3.

[0080] Figure 9 Gain comparison curves for three cases: antenna without conical dielectric lens 3 and metal ring 4, antenna with only conical dielectric lens 3, and antenna with both conical dielectric lens 3 and metal ring 4.

[0081] Figure 10 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna's E-plane;

[0082] Figure 11 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna.

[0083] Figure 8 Without the conical dielectric lens 3, the antenna gain is difficult to reach 10dB across the entire frequency band. When a traditional spherical dielectric lens is installed, the antenna gain is slightly improved, but the change is not significant compared to the antenna without a lens. However, after installing the conical dielectric lens 3, which matches the shape of the antenna radiating surface slot, the antenna gain is significantly improved. It performs well across the entire operating frequency band, with a gain of over 10dB at frequencies above 2GHz and a peak gain of over 12dB.

[0084] Figure 9 Compared to the case where only the conical dielectric lens 3 is equipped, the antenna peak gain is further improved by assembling both the conical dielectric lens 3 and the metal ring 4, with the maximum gain reaching 14.5dB.

[0085] Figure 10 and Figure 11 The radiation patterns of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane are shown respectively. It can be seen that the sidelobe electrical averages of the antenna in the two principal planes are effectively suppressed, and the main beam concentration is high. Specifically, the half-power beamwidth in the E-plane is less than 30°, and the half-power beamwidth in the H-plane is less than 40°.

[0086] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high bandwidth high gain dual-polarized tapered slot line antenna, characterized by: The antenna comprises two mutually orthogonal and structurally identical first tapered slot antenna units (1) and second tapered slot antenna units (2), the first tapered slot antenna units (1) and the second tapered slot antenna units (2) are arranged in a 90° rotation and nested combination, the combination structure of the first tapered slot antenna units (1) and the second tapered slot antenna units (2) is provided with a tapered dielectric lens (3) at the top, and a plurality of metal rings (4) are arranged around the periphery of the first tapered slot antenna units (1) and the second tapered slot antenna units (2).

2. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first tapered slot antenna unit (1) comprises a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer arranged from top to bottom. The first metal layer is provided with a quarter circular slot (101) at the corner, and is provided with an elliptical arc curved slot (102) composed of double quarter elliptical arc lines at the side edge, the quarter circular slot (101) and the elliptical arc curved slot (102) are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the metal layer, and the center of the first metal layer is provided with a combined slot comprising a rectangular slot (103), a center circular slot (104) and a symmetric exponential curve slot (105).

3. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 2, wherein: The second metal layer comprises two microstrip lines and a fan-shaped terminal (112), one of the microstrip lines is a width-graduated microstrip line (110), and the other is a quarter circular arc microstrip line (111).

4. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The first tapered slot antenna unit (1) is provided with a rectangular extension slot (108) in the center of the dielectric layer from the edge, the width of the rectangular extension slot (108) is greater than the thickness of the dielectric plate, and the dielectric layer is provided with a dielectric layer quarter circular slot (107) matched with the quarter circular slot (101) at the corresponding position.

5. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The second tapered slot antenna unit (2) comprises a first metal layer, a dielectric layer and a second metal layer which are structurally identical to the first tapered slot antenna unit (1).

6. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The second tapered slot antenna unit (2) is provided with a rectangular extension slot (108) in the center of the dielectric layer from the edge, the width of the rectangular extension slot (108) is greater than the thickness of the dielectric plate, the first metal layer of the second tapered slot antenna unit (2) is disconnected at the edge, the second tapered slot antenna unit (2) is welded separately on the outside to ensure the continuity of the current, and the dielectric layer is provided with a dielectric layer quarter circular slot (107) matched with the quarter circular slot (101) at the corresponding position.

7. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The widths of the rectangular extension slots (108) of the dielectric layers of the first tapered slot antenna unit (1) and the second tapered slot antenna unit (2) are equal, and the sum of the lengths is equal to the total length of a single antenna unit substrate, when the first tapered slot antenna unit (1) and the second tapered slot antenna unit (2) are embedded at 90°, the rectangular extension slots (108) are interlaced with each other, forming an integrated support structure.

8. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The substrates of the first tapered slot antenna unit (1) and the second tapered slot antenna unit (2) are folded by ninety degrees towards the side where the first metal layer is located at both side edges, forming side plates (106).

9. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The material relative dielectric constant of the conical dielectric lens (3) is greater than 2, and the electric loss is extremely low, the conical dielectric lens (3) includes a cylindrical base (301) and an irregular cone (302), the irregular cone (302) is provided with a rectangular slot (303) in the middle, and the width of the rectangular slot (303) is slightly larger than the width of the antenna unit substrate.

10. The high-bandwidth high-gain dual-polarized tapered slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: The metal ring (4) passes through the holes (109) of the first and second gradually changing slot antenna units (1) and (2), the number is five in total, the cross-sectional thickness is consistent, and the central radius increases in turn.

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