Variable-diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed, and relates to the technical field of feed processing, the variable-diameter screening and crushing mechanism comprises a screen and screen holes, the screen holes are formed in the screen, and qualified materials can pass through the screen holes; unqualified materials are guided to the lower end of the elevator through the screen and flow back to the crusher through the elevator; the variable-diameter assembly actively and synchronously controls the size of the screen holes and is suitable for materials of different sizes to pass through the screen holes; the reducing assembly comprises a driving part, a transmission part and an execution part; the driving part provides a power source for changing the size of the screen holes, the transmission part disperses the power source into the execution parts, and the execution parts displace to change the size of the screen holes. The multi-stage crusher has the beneficial effects that while multi-stage crushing is realized, the size of the sieve pores can be actively adjusted under the action of the variable-diameter assembly, so that materials with the specified size or below pass through the sieve pores; the requirements of different growth stages and even different types of livestock on the material granularity can be met, and the feeding quality is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed processing technology, and more specifically, to a variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed. Background Technology

[0002] In feed processing, the crushing of raw materials is an important process. In the existing technology, such as the literature with application number CN202310752676.5, the crushed material is screened and the material that does not pass through the screen is transferred to the crushing cylinder for further crushing, thereby achieving stepless circulation crushing and grinding. In reality, the particle size requirements for feed vary for the same livestock species at different growth stages. Taking laying hens as an example, the required feed particle size is 800-1000μm during the brooding / growing period, while it is 1000-1200μm during the laying period. The required feed particle size varies depending on the growth stage and the species of poultry. Although existing technologies can achieve multi-stage recycling, they have the following drawbacks. In existing technologies, the diameter of the sieve holes is constant, and the particle size cannot be adjusted according to different growth stages. Even if multi-stage screening is possible, the diameter of the material after screening remains unchanged, ultimately resulting in poor feeding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above deficiencies, this invention provides a variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed, thus solving the aforementioned problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The feed-grade variable-diameter screening and crushing mechanism includes materials, a frame, an elevator, and a crusher. The materials are divided into unqualified materials and qualified materials, and also includes; The screen and screen openings: the screen openings are set on the screen mesh, allowing qualified materials to pass through; the screen mesh guides unqualified materials to the lower end of the elevator, and then the elevator returns them to the crusher. The variable diameter assembly actively and synchronously controls the size of the screen apertures to accommodate materials of different sizes passing through the screen; the screen aperture size is infinitely adjustable; the variable diameter assembly includes a drive unit, a transmission unit, and an actuator unit; The drive unit provides the power source for changing the size of the screen holes, and the transmission unit distributes the power source to each actuator, which then moves to change the size of the screen holes.

[0005] Furthermore, the crusher is installed on the upper part of the frame, with a feed inlet at the upper part of the crusher and a discharge outlet at the lower part of the crusher. A return outlet is provided on one side of the crusher. The elevator is installed on one side of the frame, with an opening one at the lower part of the elevator and an opening two at the upper part of the elevator, which connects with the return outlet. A discharge plate is provided at the lower part of the frame.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a pair of support plates installed inside the frame, with multiple support rollers mounted on the support plates, and arc-shaped slide rails installed at both ends of the screen, into which the support rollers are inserted; the drive unit includes an air compressor, with a conveying pipe installed at the output end of the air compressor.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission unit includes a semi-conical plate mounted on an arc-shaped slide rail. The semi-conical plate is divided into an inner plate and an outer plate, and an irregular cavity is formed between the inner plate and the outer plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the actuator includes a hole one on the inner side plate and a hole two on the outer side plate. A rubber ring is installed between the hole one and the hole two, and the rubber ring keeps the irregular cavity sealed. The inner side plate and the outer side plate form a screen, and the rubber ring, hole one, and hole two form screen holes.

[0009] Furthermore, an arc-shaped rack is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped slide rail, and a drive motor is installed on the support plate. The rotating end of the drive motor meshes with the arc-shaped rack. A receiving hopper is provided inside the frame. The receiving hopper is sandwiched between the frame and the support plate. The material gathers at the lower end of the receiving hopper and enters the elevator through the opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a rotary motor mounted on the side wall of the frame, and an anti-slip belt is installed on the rotating end of the rotary motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission unit includes a rectangular tube installed in the middle of the four walls of the frame. The rectangular tube is open at both ends and passes through the frame. A sliding rod is installed inside the rectangular tube. A rack is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod. A fixed shaft is installed on the side wall of the frame. A gear that meshes with the rack is installed on the fixed shaft. A driven wheel that meshes with the anti-slip belt is installed on the gear. A pressure roller is provided on one side of the driven wheel. Guide wheels are provided at the four corners of the frame. The anti-slip belt passes around the guide wheels. The rotating end of the rotary motor is connected to one of the guide wheels.

[0012] Furthermore, the actuator includes a high-strength elastic band, which has two pairs, each pair being arranged at a 90-degree angle. The high-strength elastic band is equipped with multiple steel rods, with both ends of the steel rods connected to the high-strength elastic band and the center of the steel rods being fixedly connected to an opposing sliding rod. There are two sets of steel rods, with the steel rods of different sets being arranged at a 90-degree angle to form a screen, and the gaps between the steel rods of different sets forming screen holes.

[0013] Furthermore, a vibration motor is installed inside the frame, located at the lower end of the screen and in contact with the screen; a guide plate is provided on the frame, which guides the material to the opening position, and the elevator is located on the outside of the frame.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: while achieving multi-stage crushing, the screen hole size can be actively adjusted through the function of the variable diameter component, allowing materials below a specified size to pass through the screen hole; it can adapt to the particle size requirements of different growth stages and even different types of poultry and livestock, effectively improving the quality of feeding; By using an electric motor or air pump as a power source, the size of the sieve holes can be infinitely adjusted. By driving the motor to rotate in both directions or by using a vibrating motor, the screen can be driven to swing or vibrate back and forth, achieving efficient screening. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the frame. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the curved slide rail; Figure 4 This is a front view of the receiving hopper; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary electric motor; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the frame. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional positional diagram of the steel rod, sliding rod, and guide wheel; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the sliding rod; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the overlapping and separation of the steel rods; In the diagram: 1. Material; 2. Frame; 3. Elevator; 4. Crusher; 5. Screen; 6. Screen hole; 11. Non-conforming material; 12. Conforming material; 41. Feed inlet; 42. Discharge outlet; 43. Return outlet; 44. Discharge plate; 31. Opening 1; 32. Opening 2; 201. Support plate; 202. Support roller; 203. Arc-shaped slide rail; 204. Air compressor; 205. Conveying pipe; 210. Semi-conical plate; 2101. Inner side plate; 2102. Outer side plate; 211. Irregular shape Cavity; 220, Hole 1; 221, Hole 2; 222, Rubber Ring; 2031, Arc-shaped Rack; 2032, Drive Motor; 2033, Receiver Hopper; 301, Rotary Motor; 302, Anti-slip Belt; 310, Rectangular Tube; 311, Sliding Rod; 312, Straight Rack; 313, Fixed Shaft; 314, Gear; 315, Driven Wheel; 316, Pressure Roller; 317, Guide Wheel; 321, High-strength Elastic Belt; 322, Steel Rod; 411, Vibration Motor; 412, Guide Plate. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] This application provides a variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1-9 It includes material 1, frame 2, elevator 3 and crusher 4. Material 1 is divided into unqualified material 11 and qualified material 12, and also includes; Screen 5 and screen holes 6, the screen holes 6 are set on the screen 5, the screen holes 6 allow qualified material 12 to pass through; the screen 5 guides unqualified material 11 to the lower end of the elevator 3, and then returns it to the crusher 4 through the elevator 3. The variable diameter assembly actively and synchronously controls the size of the sieve aperture 6 to accommodate materials of different sizes passing through the sieve aperture 6; the size of the sieve aperture 6 is infinitely adjustable; the variable diameter assembly includes a drive unit, a transmission unit, and an actuator unit; The drive unit provides a power source for changing the size of the sieve hole 6, and the transmission unit distributes the power source to each actuator, causing the actuator to move and change the size of the sieve hole 6.

[0018] In practical applications, different types of poultry and livestock feed and the same type of poultry and livestock at different growth stages have different requirements for material 1. According to actual needs, larger material 1 is unqualified material 11, and smaller material 1 is qualified material 12; the sieve hole 6 allows qualified material 12 to pass through; the screen 5 guides unqualified material 11 to the lower end of the elevator 3, and through the elevator 3 it flows back to the crusher 4 for re-crushing. In order to meet the needs of different poultry and livestock at different growth stages for different materials 1, it is necessary to change the size of the sieve hole 6. The drive unit provides a power source for changing the size of the sieve hole 6, and the transmission unit distributes the power source to each actuator. The actuator moves and changes the size of the sieve hole 6. In actual operation, external material 1 enters the crusher 4 through the feed inlet 41 for crushing. The crushed material 1 is discharged through the discharge outlet 42 onto the screen 5 and screen holes 6. Unqualified material 11 flows to the position of the elevator 3 and is returned to the crusher 4 for re-crushing. Qualified material 12 passes through the screen holes 6 and is discharged directly from the discharge plate 44 below. When the sieve aperture 6 becomes smaller, the diameter of the qualified material 12 will become smaller and smaller; As the sieve aperture 6 increases, the diameter of the qualified material 12 will also increase.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The crusher 4 is installed on the upper end of the frame 2. The upper end of the crusher 4 is provided with a feed port 41, the lower end of the crusher 4 is provided with a discharge port 42, and a return port 43 is provided on one side of the crusher 4. The elevator 3 is installed on one side of the frame 2. The lower end of the elevator 3 is provided with an opening 31, the upper end of the elevator 3 is provided with an opening 32, and the opening 32 is connected to the return port 43. The lower end of the frame 2 is provided with a discharge plate 44.

[0020] In practical applications, the crusher 4 is existing technology. The crusher 4 is equipped with a basic feed inlet 41 and a discharge outlet 42. The material 1 lifted by the elevator 3 flows back to the crusher 4 through the return outlet 43. The elevator 3 is also equipped with a basic opening 1 31 and opening 2 32. Unqualified material 11 enters the elevator 3 through opening 1 31 and is discharged from opening 2 32, and then re-enters the crusher 4.

[0021] Example 1 of the drive unit, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 It also includes a support plate 201 installed inside the frame 2. There is a pair of support plates 201 and a support roller 202 installed on the support plate 201. There are multiple support rollers 202. Arc-shaped slide rails 203 are installed at both ends of the screen 5. The support rollers 202 are inserted into the arc-shaped slide rails 203. The drive unit includes an air compressor 204. A conveying pipe 205 is installed at the output end of the air compressor 204.

[0022] In practical applications, the power source comes from the high-pressure gas generated by the air compressor 204. The high-pressure gas is transmitted to the transmission unit through the conveying pipe 205. Through the action of the arc-shaped slide rail 203 and the support roller 202, the screen 5 is in a state that can swing left and right, which is beneficial to the screening of material 1.

[0023] Example 1 of the transmission unit, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The transmission unit includes a semi-conical plate 210 mounted on an arc-shaped slide rail 203. The semi-conical plate 210 is divided into an inner plate 2101 and an outer plate 2102, and an irregular cavity 211 is formed between the inner plate 2101 and the outer plate 2102.

[0024] In practical applications, the conveying pipe 205 is connected to the irregular cavity 211. As the air pressure inside the irregular cavity 211 increases, the screen holes 6 can be forced to gradually become smaller, thereby controlling the passage of materials 1 of different diameters.

[0025] Example 1 of the execution unit, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The actuator includes a hole 220 on the inner side plate 2101 and a hole 221 on the outer side plate 2102. A rubber ring 222 is installed between the hole 220 and the hole 221. The rubber ring 222 keeps the irregular cavity 211 sealed. The inner side plate 2101 and the outer side plate 2102 form a screen 5, and the rubber ring 222, the hole 220 and the hole 221 form a screen hole 6.

[0026] In practical applications, qualified material 12 passes through the center of the rubber ring 222. When the air pressure in the irregular cavity 211 increases, the space occupied by the hollow position of the rubber ring 222 gradually shrinks, and the diameter of the material 1 that can pass through gradually decreases. Conversely, when the air pressure in the irregular cavity 211 decreases, the diameter of the material 1 that can pass through gradually increases. The air compressor 204 can control the size of the sieve hole 6 by inflating or deflating it.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 An arc-shaped rack 2031 is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped slide rail 203, and a drive motor 2032 is installed on the support plate 201. The rotating end of the drive motor 2032 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 2031. A receiving hopper 2033 is provided inside the frame 2. The receiving hopper 2033 is sandwiched between the frame 2 and the support plate 201. The material 1 gathers at the lower end of the receiving hopper 2033 and enters the elevator 3 through the opening 31.

[0028] In practical applications, controlling the rotation of the drive motor 2032 can drive the arc rack 2031, the arc slide rail 203 and the screen 5 to rotate. The forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor 2032 can drive the screen 5 to swing back and forth, achieving efficient screening.

[0029] Embodiment 2 of the drive unit, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The drive unit includes a rotary motor 301 mounted on the side wall of the frame 2, and an anti-slip belt 302 is mounted on the rotating end of the rotary motor 301.

[0030] In practical applications, the power source for changing the size of the sieve hole 6 is the mechanical thrust generated by the rotary motor 301. The rotary motor 301 can drive the anti-slip belt 302 to drive forward or reverse rotation.

[0031] Embodiment 2 of the transmission unit, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The transmission unit includes a rectangular tube 310 installed in the middle of the four walls of the frame 2. The rectangular tube 310 is open at both ends and passes through the frame 2. A sliding rod 311 is installed inside the rectangular tube 310. A rack 312 is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod 311. A fixed shaft 313 is installed on the side wall of the frame 2. A gear 314 that meshes with the rack 312 is installed on the fixed shaft 313. A driven wheel 315 that meshes with the anti-slip belt 302 is installed on the gear 314. A pressure roller 316 is provided on one side of the driven wheel 315. Guide wheels 317 are provided at the four corners of the frame 2. The anti-slip belt 302 passes around the guide wheels 317. The rotating end of the rotary motor 301 is connected to one of the guide wheels 317.

[0032] In practical applications, a pressure roller 316 is provided on one side of the driven wheel 315. The pressure roller 316 presses the anti-slip belt 302 onto the driven wheel 315 to prevent the driven wheel 315 from slipping on the anti-slip belt 302. The rotation of the rotary motor 301 drives the guide wheel 317 to rotate. The rotation of the guide wheel 317 drives the four guide wheels 317 to rotate simultaneously through the anti-slip belt 302. Through the action of the driven wheel 315 and the pressure roller 316, the gear 314 can stably drive the rack 312 and the sliding rod 311 to move. The sliding rod 311 directly drives the actuator to move, thereby adjusting the size of the screen hole 6. The rectangular tube 310 enables the sliding rod 311 to slide stably, and the fixed shaft 313 enables the driven wheel 315 and the gear 314 to rotate stably and synchronously.

[0033] Example 2 of the execution unit, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The actuator includes a high-strength elastic band 321, which has two pairs, each pair being arranged at a 90-degree angle. A steel rod 322 is provided on the high-strength elastic band 321, and there are multiple steel rods 322. The two ends of the steel rods 322 are connected to the high-strength elastic band 321, and the center of the steel rods 322 is fixedly connected to the opposite sliding rod 311. There are two sets of steel rods 322, and the steel rods 322 in different sets are arranged at a 90-degree angle to form a screen 5. The gaps between the steel rods 322 in different sets form screen holes 6.

[0034] In practical applications, the steel rods 322 are divided into two layers, with the upper layer being longitudinal and the lower layer being transverse. The two layers of steel rods 322 form a grid-like screen 5. Through the elasticity of the high-strength elastic band 321, each layer of steel rods 322 has the elastic force to move closer to each other. When the corresponding sliding rods 311 move closer to each other, the steel rods 322 move closer to each other, and the screen holes 6 formed between the steel rods 322 become smaller. Conversely, when the sliding rods 311 move away from each other, the steel rods 322 move away from each other, and the sieve holes 6 formed between the steel rods 322 become larger; the forward and reverse rotation of the rotary motor 301 can indirectly achieve the movement of the steel rods 322 away from each other or closer together.

[0035] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 A vibration motor 411 is installed inside the frame 2. The vibration motor 411 is located at the lower end of the screen 5 and is in contact with the screen 5. A guide plate 412 is provided on the frame 2. The guide plate 412 guides the material 1 to the position of the opening 31. The elevator 3 is located outside the frame 2.

[0036] In practical applications, the screen 5 formed by the staggered stacking of double-layer steel rods 322 is in an inclined state. Under the action of gravity, the guide plate 412, and the vibration motor 411, the unqualified material 11 moves towards the opening 31. Figure 9 In the diagram, the area above the arrow shows the actual state of steel rod 322; for ease of understanding, the area below the arrow shows the state of the two layers of steel rod 322 standing separately; depending on actual needs, steel rod 322 can be in a horizontal or inclined state.

Claims

1. A variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed, comprising a material (1), a frame (2), an elevator (3), and a crusher (4), wherein the material (1) is divided into unqualified material (11) and qualified material (12), characterized in that, Also includes; Screen (5) and screen holes (6), the screen holes (6) are set on the screen (5), the screen holes (6) allow qualified materials (12) to pass through; the screen (5) guides unqualified materials (11) to the lower end of the elevator (3), and returns them to the crusher (4) through the elevator (3). The variable diameter assembly actively and synchronously controls the size of the sieve hole (6) to accommodate materials (1) of different sizes passing through the sieve hole (6); the size of the sieve hole (6) can be adjusted steplessly; the variable diameter assembly includes a drive unit, a transmission unit and an execution unit; The drive unit provides a power source for changing the size of the sieve hole (6), and the transmission unit distributes the power source to each actuator. The actuators are displaced to change the size of the sieve hole (6).

2. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher (4) is installed on the upper end of the frame (2). The upper end of the crusher (4) is provided with a feed inlet (41), the lower end of the crusher (4) is provided with a discharge outlet (42), and a return outlet (43) is provided on one side of the crusher (4). The elevator (3) is installed on one side of the frame (2). The lower end of the elevator (3) is provided with an opening one (31), and the upper end of the elevator (3) is provided with an opening two (32). The opening two (32) is connected to the return outlet (43). The lower end of the frame (2) is provided with a discharge plate (44).

3. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a support plate (201) installed inside the frame (2), a pair of support plates (201) are provided, a support roller (202) is installed on the support plate (201), a plurality of support rollers (202) are provided, and arc-shaped slide rails (203) are installed at both ends of the screen (5), and the support rollers (202) are inserted into the arc-shaped slide rails (203); the drive unit includes an air compressor (204), and a conveying pipe (205) is installed at the output end of the air compressor (204).

4. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a semi-conical plate (210) mounted on an arc-shaped slide rail (203). The semi-conical plate (210) is divided into an inner plate (2101) and an outer plate (2102), and an irregular cavity (211) is formed between the inner plate (2101) and the outer plate (2102).

5. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 4, characterized in that, The actuator includes a hole 1 (220) on the inner side plate (2101) and a hole 2 (221) on the outer side plate (2102). A rubber ring (222) is installed between the hole 1 (220) and the hole 2 (221). The setting of the rubber ring (222) keeps the irregular cavity (211) in a sealed state. The inner side plate (2101) and the outer side plate (2102) form a screen (5), and the rubber ring (222), the hole 1 (220) and the hole 2 (221) form a screen hole (6).

6. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, An arc-shaped rack (2031) is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped slide rail (203), and a drive motor (2032) is installed on the support plate (201). The rotating end of the drive motor (2032) meshes with the arc-shaped rack (2031). A receiving hopper (2033) is provided inside the frame (2). The receiving hopper (2033) is sandwiched between the frame (2) and the support plate (201). The material (1) gathers at the lower end of the receiving hopper (2033) and enters the elevator (3) through the opening (31).

7. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a rotary motor (301) mounted on the side wall of the frame (2), and an anti-slip belt (302) is mounted on the rotating end of the rotary motor (301).

8. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a rectangular tube (310) installed in the middle of the four walls of the frame (2). The rectangular tube (310) is open at both ends and passes through the frame (2). A sliding rod (311) is installed inside the rectangular tube (310). A rack (312) is provided on the side wall of the sliding rod (311). A fixed shaft (313) is installed on the side wall of the frame (2). A gear (314) that meshes with the rack (312) is installed on the fixed shaft (313). A driven wheel (315) that meshes with the anti-slip belt (302) is installed on the gear (314). A pressure roller (316) is provided on one side of the driven wheel (315). Guide wheels (317) are provided at the four corners of the frame (2). The anti-slip belt (302) passes around the guide wheel (317). The rotating end of the rotary motor (301) is connected to one of the guide wheels (317).

9. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to claim 8, characterized in that, The actuator includes a high-strength elastic band (321), which has two pairs, each pair being arranged at a 90-degree angle. A steel rod (322) is provided on the high-strength elastic band (321), and multiple steel rods (322) are provided. The two ends of the steel rod (322) are connected to the high-strength elastic band (321), and the center of the steel rod (322) is fixedly connected to the opposite sliding rod (311). There are two sets of steel rods (322), and the steel rods (322) of different sets are arranged at a 90-degree angle to form a screen (5). The gaps between the steel rods (322) of different sets form screen holes (6).

10. The variable diameter screening and crushing mechanism for feed according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, A vibration motor (411) is installed inside the frame (2). The vibration motor (411) is located at the lower end of the screen (5) and is in contact with the screen (5). A guide plate (412) is provided on the frame (2). The guide plate (412) guides the material (1) to the position of the opening (31). The elevator (3) is located outside the frame (2).

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