Composite thermal insulation block wall rear opening structure and construction method
By setting angle steel frames and tie beam grouting cavities on composite insulated block walls, the structural damage and insulation layer coordination issues when openings are made in the composite insulated block walls are solved, achieving efficient reinforcement and maintaining insulation performance, thus improving the building's safety and energy efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for creating openings in composite insulated block walls suffer from problems such as significant structural damage, poor coordination of the insulation layer, poor overall structural integrity, and excessive space occupation, which affect the building's safety and insulation performance.
The system employs a synergistic structure of angle steel frame and reinforced concrete lintel core grouting. An angle steel frame is formed around the opening, and a groove is opened on the underside of the insulation block partition to form the tie beam grouting cavity. The tie beam reinforcement and concrete grout are used for reinforcement, forming a highly efficient overall reinforcement system.
It restores and enhances the load-bearing capacity and overall stability of the wall, ensuring the safety of building use, effectively preserving thermal insulation performance, and is quick to construct with minimal damage to the original structure. It is also low in cost and meets building energy conservation standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN121781787A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building structure reinforcement and renovation, specifically relating to a structure for opening a cavity in a composite insulated block wall and its construction method. Background Technology
[0002] Composite insulated blocks (typically composed of inner and outer concrete walls and an intermediate insulation layer) are widely used in building envelopes due to their excellent thermal insulation performance. When renovating existing buildings or changing their function, it is often necessary to chisel out doors, windows, or equipment openings into the already constructed composite insulated block walls.
[0003] Creating openings later in the wall structure severely weakens its integrity, cuts off the original stress path, and causes stress concentration around the opening, making it highly susceptible to cracking, deformation, and even partial collapse. Traditional reinforcement methods typically involve adding a separate lintel above the opening and reinforced concrete columns on both sides. This method has the following significant drawbacks: Significant damage to the original structure: The pouring of concrete lintels and structural columns requires the erection of formwork, resulting in a large amount of wet work, complex construction, and a long construction period. At the same time, the structural columns need to be connected to the upper and lower floor slabs, which causes significant damage to the original structure.
[0004] Poor coordination with the insulation layer: Traditional methods are difficult to effectively address the continuity issue of the intermediate insulation layer, which can easily lead to thermal bridges and affect the overall insulation performance of the building.
[0005] Poor overall structural integrity: The interface between the added lintels and structural columns and the original walls is a weak point, and its load-bearing performance is not ideal.
[0006] Space occupation: Concrete structural columns and lintels occupy a lot of indoor space, affecting usability and aesthetics. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a structure for opening a cavity in a composite insulated block wall and a construction method thereof.
[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the aforementioned problem is as follows: A composite insulated block wall with a rear opening structure includes an opening penetrating the wall. Angle steels are connected end-to-end along the perimeter of the opening and welded together to form a steel frame. The steel frame is symmetrically arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the wall, and the two symmetrical steel frames are fixed together by flat iron. A groove is provided on the lower side of the partition plate of the insulated block above the opening. The groove connects the cavities of the insulated blocks to form a tie beam grouting cavity. Tie beam reinforcement is provided in the groove. A bottom mold is provided on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity. The bottom mold is welded to the steel frame on both sides. The tie beam grouting cavity is filled with concrete slurry.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention employing the above structure has the following advantages: This invention aims to restore and improve the load-bearing capacity and overall stability of wall structures damaged by openings through specific reinforcement components and construction techniques, ensuring the safety of buildings after renovation. The structure utilizes the wall's own materials to form core load-bearing components, and through the organic combination of angle steel and internal reinforced concrete, forms an efficient overall reinforcement system with advantages such as clear stress distribution, quick construction, and minimal damage to the original structure.
[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides a construction method for the post-opening structure of the above-mentioned composite thermal insulation block wall, which is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Locating and Cutting the Opening 101. Use a laser line projector to mark the outline of the opening to be made; 102. Use a cutting device to cut along the outline at a uniform speed, and the width of the cut should be based on the thickness of one side plate of the angle steel.
[0011] Step 2: Installation of the angle steel frame: 201. Select the angle steel model according to the wall thickness and opening size, and cut the angle steel to a fixed length; 202. Install angle steel along the perimeter of the opening on both the inner and outer sides of the wall. Insert one side plate of the angle steel into the gap, and the other side plate is attached to the wall surface. The angle steel around the opening forms a reinforced buffer zone, forming a rigid constraint ring around the opening. 203. Use equipment to remove the wall structure within the reinforced buffer zone and create an opening; 204. Grind the wall surface at the opening to remove dust and oil stains; 205. Use flat iron to weld the angle steel on both the inner and outer sides of the wall together, and the two angle steels together form a rigid constraint ring.
[0012] Step 3: Constructing the lintel: 301. After opening the opening, operate from the top of the opening upwards, and break a groove on the lower side of the partition plate of the insulation block on the upper side of the opening to connect the cavities of the insulation block, thereby forming the tie beam grouting cavity. 302. Drive a grouting pipe into the surface of the insulation block, which is connected to the grouting cavity of the tie beam; 303. Place the tie beam reinforcement in the through groove, with both ends of the tie beam reinforcement resting on the insulation blocks on both sides of the opening; 304. Fix the bottom mold on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity to seal the bottom of the tie beam grouting cavity; 305. Grout the tie beam grouting cavity through the grouting port, and remove the grouting pipe after grouting is completed.
[0013] Step 4: Node reinforcement and protection: Fireproof sealant is used to fill the gap between the other side plate of the angle steel and the wall surface, and the ends of adjacent angle steels are welded to form an overall frame.
[0014] As a preferred option, a further technical solution to the above structure is: The height of the groove is one-half to two-thirds of the height of the partition plate, and the groove is U-shaped.
[0015] The tie beam reinforcement consists of three HRB14 steel bars, which are tied together and placed on the blocks on both sides of the opening. The height of the tie beam is located at the center of the grouting cavity by the support blocks.
[0016] The bottom formwork is placed between the angle steel and the wall. It is inserted into the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity through the gap between the angle steel and the wall by insertion. The bottom formwork is welded and fixed to the angle steel.
[0017] One grouting pipe can be installed at each end of the tie beam grouting cavity. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the overall construction opening of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of the structure along line AA; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Wall; 2. Grouting pipe; 3. Opening; 4. Flat iron; 5. Angle steel; 6. Spare plate; 7. Tie beam grouting cavity; 8. Tie beam reinforcement; 9. Groove; 10. Bottom formwork. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, which are intended only to provide a better understanding of the invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] See Figures 1-3 This invention provides a reinforcement measure for a post-opening 3 in a composite insulated block wall 1. The design concept utilizes a synergistic structure of a frame composed of angle steel 5 and a reinforced concrete lintel core to solve the problems of cracking, insufficient load-bearing capacity, and insulation damage after reinforcement of the opening 3. The core of the reinforcement structure provided by this invention lies in the dual reinforcement system of the overall constraint of the angle steel 5 frame and the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete lintel core.
[0021] See Figures 1 to 3The composite insulated block wall 1 has a rear opening 3 structure, including an opening 3 that penetrates the wall 1. Angle steel 5 is provided along the perimeter of the opening 3, and the angle steel 5 is welded and fixed to each other to form a steel frame. The steel frame is symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides of the wall 1, and the two symmetrical steel frames are fixed together by flat iron 4. A groove 9 is provided on the lower side of the partition plate 6 of the insulated block on the upper side of the opening 3. The groove 9 connects the cavities of the insulated block to form a tie beam grouting cavity 7. Tie beam steel bars 8 are provided in the groove 9. A bottom mold 10 is provided on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity 7. The bottom mold 10 is welded and fixed to the steel frame on both sides. The tie beam grouting cavity 7 is filled with concrete slurry.
[0022] The flat iron 4 can be set on both sides of the opening 3, or it can be arranged on all four sides of the opening 3, with several flat iron 4 evenly arranged on each side.
[0023] The height of the groove 9 is one-half to two-thirds of the height of the partition plate 6, and the groove 9 is U-shaped.
[0024] There may be one or more tie beam reinforcement bars 8. Multiple reinforcement bars need to be tied and fixed. Preferably, the tie beam reinforcement bars 8 are set at the center of the tie beam grouting cavity 7.
[0025] The bottom mold 10 can be made of thin steel plate, stainless steel plate, iron sheet, etc., and is preferably set on the upper side of the steel frame. The bottom mold 10 is set between the angle steel 5 and the wall 1. It is inserted into the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity 7 through the gap between the angle steel 5 and the wall 1 by insertion. The bottom mold 10 is welded and fixed to the angle steel 5.
[0026] This invention provides a method for reinforcing a composite thermal insulation block wall 1 with a post-opening 3, which is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Locating and cutting the opening 3: 101. A laser line projector is used to accurately mark the outline of the opening 3 to be made, avoiding errors from manual marking. The outline is preferably set on the bonding line of the insulation block; 102. Use specialized cutting equipment such as wall saws to cut at a uniform speed along the outline to reduce vibration and disturbance to the surrounding blocks. The cutting width should exceed the back opening 3 by one opening 3 that meets the insulation block opening 3. The width of the cut gap should be able to match the thickness of one side plate of the angle steel 5.
[0027] Step 2: Installation of the angle steel frame: 201. Select the appropriate angle steel 5 model based on the wall thickness 1 and the opening size 3, and cut the angle steel 5 to a fixed length. When the opening size 3 is large, use L70×7 angle steel 5 to ensure that the frame stiffness meets the constraint requirements; 202. On both the inner and outer sides of the wall 1, angle steel 5 is installed along the perimeter of the opening 3. One side plate of the angle steel 5 is inserted into the gap, and the other side plate is attached to the surface of the wall 1. The angle steel 5 around the opening 3 forms a reinforced buffer zone for the opening 3, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent demolition of the wall 1 and forming a pre-support. 203. The wall structure 1 within the reinforced buffer zone is removed using equipment to create opening 3; 204. Grind the cross-section of opening 3 to remove burrs, clean dust and oil stains, and ensure a reliable connection between the steel frame and wall 1. 205. Use flat iron 4 to weld the angle steel 5 on both the inner and outer sides of the wall 1 together. The two angle steels 5 together form a rigid constraint ring, which effectively disperses the stress around the opening 3 and avoids cracks and settlement in the upper wall 1 during the process of opening the opening 3 in the wall 1, thus preventing the blocks from cracking.
[0028] Step 3: Constructing the lintel: 301. After opening the opening 3, operate upwards from the top of the opening 3. Break a groove 9 on the lower side of the partition plate 6 of the insulation block on the upper side of the opening 3. The size of the groove 9 should be such that the tie beam reinforcement 8 can pass through, so that the cavity of the insulation block is connected, thereby forming the tie beam grouting cavity 7. 302. A grouting pipe 2, which communicates with the grouting cavity 7 of the tie beam, is driven into the surface of the insulation block. The grouting pipe 2 can be set at both ends of the grouting cavity 7 of the tie beam, for a total of two. 303. Place the tie beam reinforcement 8 in the through groove 9. The two ends of the tie beam reinforcement 8 are laid on the insulation blocks on both sides of the opening 3. The tie beam reinforcement 8 can be three HRB14 steel bars, which are tied and inserted into the excavated tie beam grouting cavity 7. The two ends are supported by spacers and fixed. 304. A bottom mold 10 is fixed on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity 7 to seal the bottom of the tie beam grouting cavity 7. The bottom mold 10 is preferably a stainless steel plate, which is inserted into the tie beam grouting cavity 7 through the gap between the angle steel 5 and the wall 1. After the bottom mold 10 is welded to the angle steel 5, it forms a seal on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity 7, serving as the bottom template of the tie beam; of course, it can also be welded to the lower surface of the angle steel 5 for easy installation. 305. Grout the tie beam grouting cavity 7 through the grouting port. After grouting is completed, remove the grouting pipe 2.
[0029] This step employs on-site core grouting, eliminating the need for extensive removal of the insulation layer. Its advantages include: ① The steel reinforcement skeleton is designed to adapt to the load of opening 3, with the number of longitudinal steel bars adjusted according to the width of opening 3 (one additional longitudinal steel bar is added when the width of opening 3 is greater than 1.5m), and the spacing of the stirrups is increased to ensure the integrity of the skeleton; ② The depth of the lintel groove is precisely controlled, penetrating only the insulation layer to the structural layer, preserving the original insulation structure to the greatest extent possible; ③ The welding of the bottom formwork 10 to the angle steel 5 emphasizes sealing to prevent concrete leakage and contamination of the insulation layer; ④ High-strength, non-shrink grouting material and reverse grouting are used to solve the gap problem caused by concrete shrinkage, ultimately forming a "load-bearing lintel" tightly integrated with the structural layer of wall 1, effectively bearing the load of the upper wall 1 above opening 3.
[0030] Step 4, Reinforcement and Protection of Joints: Fireproof sealant is used to fill the gap between the other side plate of angle steel 5 and the surface of wall 1, which not only enhances the sealing of the joints but also improves the fire resistance. The ends of adjacent angle steels 5 are welded to form an overall frame to prevent the joints from loosening under stress.
[0031] If the newly added opening 3 of this invention is used for pipe passage, the insulation structure should be restored in the gap between the opening 3 and the pipe. The insulation layer should be restored using the same material as the wall 1 and the same standard bonding process to ensure that the heat transfer coefficient change rate of the reinforced wall 1 is <5%, which meets the requirements of the "Code for Thermal Design of Civil Buildings". If the newly added opening 3 of this invention is used for door and window opening 3, a decorative frame should be installed on the surface of the rigid constraint ring composed of angle steel 5 and flat iron 4.
[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Structural stability is significantly improved: the angle steel frame forms an overall constraint to prevent the masonry blocks around the opening from loosening; the reinforced concrete lintel core is integrated with the wall structure layer, increasing the load-bearing capacity of the upper part of the opening by more than 60%. After testing, the crack resistance of the reinforced wall meets the requirements of the "Code for Design of Masonry Structures" and there is no risk of cracking or deformation. Effective preservation of thermal insulation performance: The insulation layer is only partially removed during the core filling of the lintel, and the same insulation material is used for restoration. The change in the heat transfer coefficient of the wall is ≤3% compared with that before reinforcement, which meets the building energy conservation standards and avoids the problem of increased energy consumption caused by traditional reinforcement. High construction efficiency and strong applicability: The angle steel frame can be prefabricated in the factory, the on-site core grouting process is simple, and the reinforcement cycle for a single opening is only 2-3 days, which is 50% more efficient than the traditional solution; the angle steel type, the number of steel bars and the size of the lintel can be adjusted according to the opening size (width 0.8-2.5m) to adapt to composite insulation block walls of different thicknesses (180-300mm). Advantageous in terms of economy: No need to demolish large sections of walls and insulation layers, reducing material waste; the reinforced walls do not require subsequent maintenance, reducing the total life cycle cost. Compared with traditional reinforcement solutions, the overall cost is reduced by 20%-30%.
[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A structure for opening a cavity in a composite insulated block wall, comprising an opening (3) penetrating the wall (1), characterized in that, Angle steel (5) is provided along the perimeter of the opening (3), and each angle steel (5) is welded and fixed to form a steel frame. The steel frame is symmetrically set on both the inner and outer sides of the wall (1), and the two symmetrical steel frames are fixed together by flat iron (4). A groove (9) is provided on the lower side of the partition plate (6) of the insulation block on the upper side of the opening (3). The groove (9) makes the cavity of the insulation block communicate to form the tie beam grouting cavity (7). Tie beam steel bars (8) are provided in the groove (9). A bottom mold (10) is provided on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity (7). The bottom mold (10) is welded and fixed to the steel frame on both sides. The tie beam grouting cavity (7) is filled with concrete slurry.
2. The construction method for the post-opening structure of the composite thermal insulation block wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Follow these steps: Step 1, Locating and Cutting the Opening (3):
101. Use a laser line projector to mark the outline of the opening (3) to be made; 102. Use a cutting device to cut along the outline at a uniform speed, and the width of the cut gap should be based on the thickness of one side plate of the angle steel (5); Step 2, installation of the angle steel (5) frame:
201. Select the angle steel (5) model according to the wall (1) thickness and the opening (3) size, and cut the angle steel (5) to a fixed length; 202. On both the inside and outside sides of the wall (1), angle steel (5) is installed along the perimeter of the opening (3). One side plate of the angle steel (5) is inserted into the gap, and the other side plate is attached to the surface of the wall (1). The angle steel (5) around the opening (3) forms a reinforced buffer zone; forming a rigid constraint ring around the opening (3).
203. Use equipment to remove the wall structure (1) within the reinforced buffer zone and open an opening (3); 204. Grind the cross-section of the opening (3), remove the burrs from the opening (3), and clean the dust and oil stains; 205. Use flat iron (4) to weld the angle steel (5) on both the inner and outer sides of the wall (1) together, and the two angle steel (5) together form a rigid constraint ring; Step 3: Constructing the lintel:
301. After opening the opening (3), operate upward from the top of the opening (3) and break the groove (9) under the partition plate (6) of the insulation block on the upper side of the opening (3) so that the cavity of the insulation block is connected, thereby forming the tie beam grouting cavity (7).
302. A grouting pipe (2) connected to the grouting cavity (7) of the tie beam is driven into the surface of the insulation block; 303. Place the tie beam reinforcement (8) in the through groove (9), with both ends of the tie beam reinforcement (8) resting on the insulation blocks on both sides of the opening (3); 304. Fix the bottom mold (10) on the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity (7) to close the bottom of the tie beam grouting cavity (7); 305. Grout the tie beam grouting cavity (7) through the grouting port. After grouting is completed, remove the grouting pipe (2). Step 4: Node reinforcement and protection: Fireproof sealant is used to fill the gap between the other side plate of the angle steel (5) and the surface of the wall (1). The ends of the adjacent angle steels (5) are welded to form an overall frame.
3. The construction method for the post-opening structure of the composite thermal insulation block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the groove (9) is one-half to two-thirds of the height of the partition plate (6), and the groove (9) is U-shaped.
4. The construction method for the post-opening structure of the composite thermal insulation block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tie beam reinforcement (8) consists of three HRB14 steel bars. The three HRB14 steel bars are tied together and placed on the blocks on both sides of the opening (3). The height of the tie beam is located at the center of the grouting cavity (7) by the support blocks.
5. The construction method for the post-opening structure of the composite thermal insulation block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom formwork (10) is set between the angle steel (5) and the wall (1). It is inserted into the lower side of the tie beam grouting cavity (7) through the gap between the angle steel (5) and the wall (1) by insertion. The bottom formwork (10) is welded and fixed to the angle steel (5).
6. The construction method for the post-opening structure of the composite thermal insulation block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting pipe (2) can be one at each end of the tie beam grouting cavity (7).