Drilling depth control system, drilling machine and drilling depth control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pile machine construction, in particular to a drilling depth control system, a drilling machine and a drilling depth control method.The drilling depth control system comprises a length detection device, a brake device and a controller, and the length detection device is connected with a steel wire rope hoisting mechanism of the drilling machine; the device is used for detecting steel wire rope release length of a steel wire rope hoisting mechanism. The braking device is connected with the steel wire rope hoisting mechanism and used for braking the action of the steel wire rope hoisting mechanism; the controller is electrically connected with the length detection device and the braking device and is configured to calculate the actual drilling depth according to the steel wire rope release length detected by the length detection device, and when the actual drilling depth reaches the preset depth, the braking device is controlled to brake the steel wire rope hoisting mechanism; according to the drilling depth control system provided by the invention, the response delay and the judgment error of manual operation are eliminated, and the precision and the consistency of the drilling depth are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile driver construction technology, and in particular to a drilling depth control system, a drilling rig, and a drilling depth control method. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling equipment is widely used in various drilling operations in fields such as pile foundation engineering, ground treatment, and geological exploration. Precise control of drilling depth is a key technical requirement to ensure project quality, directly affecting the bearing capacity of pile foundations, the effectiveness of ground treatment, and the accuracy of exploration data.

[0003] Currently, the depth control of drilling equipment mainly adopts the following method: the operator observes the depth display device on the drilling rig and manually controls the start and stop of the drilling rig based on the displayed depth data. Specifically, when the depth display device on the drilling rig shows that the drilling depth is close to or has reached the target depth, the operator judges based on the displayed data and manually operates the control system to stop drilling.

[0004] However, this depth control method, which relies on manual judgment and operation, has significant technical drawbacks: operators need a certain reaction time—typically 2-5 seconds—from observing the depth display to making a stop decision and then executing the stop operation. During this reaction time, the drilling rig continues drilling, causing the actual borehole depth to exceed the preset target depth. At a common drilling speed of 1-2 meters per minute, this 2-5 second reaction delay can result in a depth error of 50-200 millimeters. Furthermore, differences in reaction speed and operational proficiency among operators further amplify the depth control error range, typically resulting in a depth error of 50-800 millimeters for a single drilling operation.

[0005] This problem of insufficient depth control accuracy is particularly prominent in engineering projects with strict depth requirements. For example, in pile foundation engineering, pile length errors directly affect the pile foundation bearing capacity and project safety, while depth control errors may lead to the pile foundation failing to meet design bearing capacity requirements or causing unnecessary material waste. In geological exploration, deviations in borehole depth can affect the accuracy of geological stratification data, thereby impacting subsequent engineering design and construction plan formulation.

[0006] Current technologies lack effective automated depth control methods, failing to eliminate response delays and accuracy fluctuations caused by manual operation, and thus failing to meet the technical requirements of modern engineering for precise borehole depth control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution capable of achieving automatic and precise borehole depth control, eliminating delays and errors caused by manual operation, and improving the accuracy and consistency of borehole depth control. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a drilling depth control system, a drilling rig, and a drilling depth control method. The drilling depth control system eliminates the reaction delay and judgment error of manual operation, effectively improving the accuracy and consistency of drilling depth.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drilling depth control system, comprising: a length detection device connected to the wire rope winch mechanism of a drilling rig, for detecting the release length of the wire rope of the wire rope winch mechanism; a braking device connected to the wire rope winch mechanism, for braking the operation of the wire rope winch mechanism; and a controller electrically connected to the length detection device and the braking device, the controller being configured to: calculate the actual drilling depth based on the release length of the wire rope detected by the length detection device, and control the braking device to brake the wire rope winch mechanism when the actual drilling depth reaches a preset depth.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the length detection device includes a rotary encoder connected to the reel of the wire rope hoisting mechanism for detecting the number of rotations of the reel; wherein the controller calculates the release length of the wire rope based on the number of rotations of the reel and the circumference of the reel.

[0010] In one possible implementation, it further includes: a tension sensor, installed on the wire rope transmission path, for real-time detection of the wire rope tension value; and a controller, based on the tension value detected by the tension sensor, correcting the calculated wire rope release length using a preset tension-length correction table.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the controller also includes a multi-layer winding compensation module for calculating the current effective radius of the reel based on the number of layers of wire rope wound on the reel, and correcting the calculated wire rope release length based on the effective radius.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the length detection device further includes: a drawstring encoder, installed on the wire rope guide device, for directly measuring the linear displacement of the wire rope; the controller compares the detection results of the rotary encoder and the drawstring encoder, and when the difference between the detection results exceeds a preset threshold, the detection result of the drawstring encoder is adopted.

[0013] In one possible implementation, it also includes: a load detection device connected to the power system of the drilling rig for monitoring the working load of the drilling rig; a controller identifies the drilling resistance during the drilling process based on changes in the working load, and controls the braking device to brake the wire rope winch mechanism when the working load exceeds a preset threshold.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the controller further includes a gradient control module, which is configured to: control the drilling rig to gradually reduce the drilling speed when the calculated drilling depth is close to the preset depth; and control the braking device to brake the wire rope winch mechanism when the drilling depth reaches the preset depth.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the braking device includes: an electromagnetic brake connected to the shaft of the wire rope hoisting mechanism for braking the shaft rotation, the electromagnetic brake being electrically connected to a controller; and a mechanical limit device disposed on the wire rope release path for preventing the wire rope from continuing to release.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention provides a drilling rig, including a body, a wire rope winch mechanism, and the aforementioned drilling depth control system.

[0017] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for controlling the drilling depth of the above-mentioned drilling rig, comprising the following steps: S1: Set the target drilling depth; S2: Establish the correspondence between the wire rope release length and the drilling depth; S3: The release length of the wire rope is detected by a length detection device; S4: Calculate the current drilling depth based on the wire rope release length; S5: Compare the current drilling depth with the target depth; S6: When the current drilling depth reaches the target depth, brake control is executed.

[0018] In one possible implementation, step S3 further includes: detecting the real-time tension value of the wire rope using a tension sensor; and correcting the calculated result of the wire rope release length according to a preset tension-length correction table.

[0019] One possible implementation also includes a load monitoring step: real-time monitoring of the drilling rig's workload; identification of drilling resistance during the drilling process based on changes in workload; and execution of braking control when the workload exceeds a preset threshold.

[0020] The drilling depth control system provided by this invention connects a length detection device to a wire rope winch mechanism to acquire real-time data on the wire rope release length. The controller calculates the actual drilling depth based on this data and activates the braking device when a preset depth is reached, achieving automated and precise control of the drilling depth. The length detection device converts mechanical displacement into an electrical signal. The controller processes the signal and calculates the drilling depth. When the depth value equals the preset target, it immediately sends a command to the braking device, which then stops the winch mechanism from continuing to operate. In 30-meter deep pile foundation drilling operations, with a target depth of 30.0 meters, when the detected drilling depth corresponding to the wire rope release length reaches 30.0 meters, the braking device responds and executes braking within milliseconds, avoiding excessive drilling caused by delays in manual operation. In related technologies, drilling depth control relies on operators observing a depth display device and manually stopping the drilling rig. This process takes 2-5 seconds, during which the drilling rig continues to advance, causing a depth error of 50-800 millimeters. Furthermore, differences in the reaction speed of different operators increase the fluctuation in control accuracy. In this embodiment of the invention, automated depth detection, calculation and braking control eliminate the reaction delay and judgment error of manual operation, improve the braking response time from the second level to the millisecond level, and improve the drilling depth control accuracy to the centimeter level, significantly improving the accuracy and consistency of drilling depth control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drilling rig provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a braking device, a length detection device, and a wire rope winch mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a control relationship diagram of a drilling depth control system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a drilling depth control method provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure label: 1. Length detection device; 11. Rotary encoder; 12. Wire rope encoder; 2. Braking device; 21. Electromagnetic brake; 22. Mechanical limit device; 3. Controller; 31. Multi-layer winding compensation module; 32. Gradient control module; 4. Tension sensor; 5. Load detection device; 6. Wire rope hoisting mechanism; 61. Wire rope; 62. Reel. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] The following is combined Figures 1 to 3 The present invention describes a drilling depth control system, comprising: a length detection device 1 connected to a wire rope winch mechanism 6 of a drilling rig, for detecting the release length of the wire rope 61 of the wire rope winch mechanism 6; a braking device 2 connected to the wire rope winch mechanism 6, for braking the operation of the wire rope winch mechanism 6; and a controller 3 electrically connected to the length detection device 1 and the braking device 2, the controller 3 being configured to: calculate the actual drilling depth based on the release length of the wire rope 61 detected by the length detection device 1, and control the braking device 2 to brake the wire rope winch mechanism 6 when the actual drilling depth reaches a preset depth.

[0029] In this invention, a length detection device 1 is connected to a wire rope winch mechanism 6 to acquire real-time data on the release length of the wire rope 61. The controller 3 calculates the actual drilling depth based on this data and controls the braking device 2 to activate when the preset depth is reached, achieving automated and precise control of the drilling depth. The length detection device 1 converts mechanical displacement into an electrical signal. The controller 3 processes the signal and calculates the drilling depth. When the depth value equals the preset target, it immediately sends a command to the braking device 2. The braking device 2 responds and prevents the winch mechanism from continuing to operate. In a 30-meter deep pile foundation drilling operation, with a target depth of 30.0 meters, when the drilling depth corresponding to the release length of the wire rope 61 reaches 30.0 meters, the braking device 2 responds and executes braking within milliseconds, avoiding excessive drilling caused by delays in manual operation. In related technologies, drilling depth control relies on operators observing the depth display device and manually stopping the drilling rig. The time from observation to stopping the rig is 2-5 seconds, during which the rig continues drilling, causing a depth error of 50-800 mm. Furthermore, differences in the reaction speed of different operators increase the fluctuation in control accuracy. In this embodiment of the invention, automated depth detection, calculation and braking control eliminate the reaction delay and judgment error of manual operation, improve the braking response time from the second level to the millisecond level, and improve the drilling depth control accuracy to the centimeter level, significantly improving the accuracy and consistency of drilling depth control.

[0030] Specifically, the length detection device 1 monitors the changes in the movement of the wire rope winch mechanism 6, converting the mechanical displacement into a measurable electrical signal. The controller 3 receives and processes this signal to calculate the corresponding drilling depth. When the calculated actual drilling depth equals the preset depth, the controller 3 immediately sends a braking command to the braking device 2. The braking device 2 responds and prevents the wire rope winch mechanism 6 from continuing to move, thereby precisely controlling the drilling depth.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, during the construction of a 30-meter deep pile foundation, the operator sets the target depth to 30.0 meters using the controller 3. The length detection device 1 continuously monitors the release process of the wire rope 61. When the drilling depth corresponding to the released length of the wire rope 61 reaches 30.0 meters, the braking device 2 immediately activates, effectively preventing the drill bit from continuing to sink. The entire process requires no manual intervention, achieving precise control of the drilling depth.

[0032] In related technologies, existing drilling equipment is typically only equipped with a depth display device. Operators need to manually control the drilling rig to stop based on the displayed data. Due to the reaction time delay and judgment error inherent in manual operation, the error in a single drilling operation is usually within the range of 50cm-80cm, which is insufficient to meet the precise drilling depth requirements of pile foundation engineering. However, in this embodiment of the invention, by automating length detection, depth calculation, and braking control, the delay and error of manual operation are eliminated. The braking action can be executed immediately upon reaching the preset drilling depth, significantly improving the control accuracy of drilling depth and meeting the technical requirements of precise depth control in pile foundation engineering.

[0033] In some embodiments, the length detection device 1 includes a rotary encoder 11 connected to the reel 62 of the wire rope hoisting mechanism 6, for detecting the number of rotations of the reel 62; wherein, the controller 3 calculates the release length of the wire rope 61 based on the number of rotations of the reel 62 and the circumference of the reel 62.

[0034] In this invention, the rotary encoder 11 is connected to the reel 62 of the wire rope winch mechanism 6. By detecting the number of rotations of the reel 62 and combining it with the circumference of the reel 62, the release length of the wire rope 61 is calculated, providing a precise length detection method for drilling depth control. The rotary encoder 11 can convert the mechanical rotation of the reel 62 into a precise digital signal. The controller 3 obtains accurate length data based on the rotation calculation principle, avoiding the uncertainty of traditional estimation methods.

[0035] Specifically, the rotary encoder 11 is installed on the rotating part of the reel 62. When the reel 62 rotates, the encoder rotates synchronously and outputs pulse signals. The controller 3 determines the accurate number of rotations of the reel 62 by counting the number of pulses. Based on the calculation formula that the rope length equals the circumference of the reel 62 multiplied by the number of rotations, the controller 3 can obtain the release length of the wire rope 61 in real time, providing a reliable data basis for the accurate calculation of drilling depth.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the rotary encoder 11 provides a length detection scheme based on precision digital signals. By directly monitoring the rotation state of the reel 62, accurate rope length data is obtained, laying a reliable technical foundation for the precise control of drilling depth and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of length detection.

[0037] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a tension sensor 4, disposed on the transmission path of the wire rope 61, for real-time detection of the tension value of the wire rope 61; and a controller 3, based on the tension value detected by the tension sensor 4, correcting the calculated release length of the wire rope 61 using a preset tension-length correction table.

[0038] In this invention, a tension sensor 4 is installed on the transmission path of the wire rope 61 to detect the tension value in real time. The controller 3 corrects the calculated release length of the wire rope 61 based on the detected tension value using a preset tension-length correction table, effectively eliminating the influence of elastic deformation of the wire rope 61 under different load conditions on the accuracy of length measurement. When the wire rope 61 bears drill bit loads of different weights, it will produce corresponding tensile deformation. The tension compensation mechanism can dynamically correct the measurement error caused by this deformation.

[0039] Specifically, the tension sensor 4 converts the mechanical tension of the wire rope 61 into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 3. The controller 3 compares the real-time tension value with a preset tension-length correction table, finds the corresponding correction coefficient, and applies it to the length calculation result. The correction table establishes the correspondence between the tension value and the elongation of the wire rope 61, enabling the controller 3 to accurately compensate for the elastic deformation of the wire rope 61 according to the current tension state.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, when the drill bit weighs 5 tons, the tension on the wire rope 61 is approximately 50 kN, which is a certain amount of stretch compared to the unloaded state. After the tension sensor 4 detects this tension value, the controller 3 queries the correction table to obtain the corresponding elongation compensation amount and adds this compensation amount to the basic length calculation result, thereby obtaining the true length data after considering the deformation of the wire rope 61.

[0041] In related technologies, length detection typically ignores the elastic deformation characteristics of the wire rope 61 and directly calculates based on the rotation of the reel 62 or other mechanical displacements. This results in varying degrees of measurement error under different load conditions, particularly noticeable during heavy-load or long-rope operations. However, in this embodiment of the invention, the combined use of the tension sensor 4 and the correction table allows the system to sense the stress state of the wire rope 61 in real time and correct the length calculation accordingly. This ensures accurate length data under various load conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of borehole depth control under complex working conditions.

[0042] In some embodiments, the controller 3 further includes a multi-layer winding compensation module 31, which is used to calculate the current effective radius of the reel 62 based on the number of winding layers of the wire rope 61 on the reel 62, and correct the calculation result of the release length of the wire rope 61 based on the effective radius.

[0043] In this invention, the multi-layer winding compensation module 31 calculates the current effective radius of the reel 62 based on the number of winding layers of the wire rope 61 on the reel 62, and corrects the calculated result of the release length of the wire rope 61 based on the effective radius, thus solving the length calculation error caused by the change in winding radius when the wire rope 61 is wound in multiple layers. As the wire rope 61 is wound and unwound, the number of rope layers on the reel 62 changes continuously, and the actual winding radius also changes accordingly, directly affecting the calculation accuracy based on the circumference length.

[0044] Specifically, the multi-layer winding compensation module 31 calculates the current number of winding layers by tracking the winding and unwinding history of the wire rope 61, and determines the real-time effective radius by combining the diameter of the wire rope 61 and the base radius of the reel 62. When the reel 62 rotates, the compensation module recalculates the circumference length using the current effective radius and corrects the release length of the wire rope 61 accordingly, ensuring that the calculation results accurately reflect the actual displacement of the wire rope 61.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, for a reel 62 with a base radius of 0.5 meters, when the diameter of the wire rope 61 is 20 millimeters, the effective radius of the first layer of winding is 0.52 meters, and the effective radius of the fifth layer of winding is 0.60 meters. The multi-layer winding compensation module 31 selects the corresponding effective radius for calculation based on the current number of layers, avoiding the cumulative error caused by using a fixed radius value, and maintaining the continuous accuracy of length calculation, especially in deep-work operations.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the multi-layer winding compensation module 31 can track the winding status in real time and dynamically adjust the calculation parameters to ensure that accurate length data can be obtained throughout the entire operation, which significantly improves the depth control accuracy and stability of the system under long-term and deep operation conditions.

[0047] In some embodiments, the length detection device 1 further includes: a draw rope encoder 12, installed on the guide device of the wire rope 61, for directly measuring the linear displacement of the wire rope 61; the controller 3 compares the detection results of the rotary encoder 11 and the draw rope encoder 12, and when the difference between the detection results exceeds a preset threshold, the detection result of the draw rope encoder 12 is adopted.

[0048] In this invention, the draw-wire encoder 12 is mounted on the guide device of the wire rope 61 to directly measure the linear displacement of the wire rope 61, providing the system with a length detection method independent of the rotation of the reel 62. The controller 3 can promptly detect and correct measurement anomalies by comparing the detection results of the rotary encoder 11 and the draw-wire encoder 12. When the difference between the two detection results exceeds a preset threshold, the system adopts the detection result of the draw-wire encoder 12 to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the length detection.

[0049] Specifically, the draw-wire encoder 12 directly tracks the linear movement of the wire rope 61 through its internal precision measuring mechanism, unaffected by the rotation state of the reel 62, and can provide direct measurement data of the actual displacement of the wire rope 61. The controller 3 continuously compares the detection results of the two encoders. When the data difference is found to be outside the normal range, it determines that the rotary encoder 11 may have a measurement deviation and automatically switches to the measurement data of the draw-wire encoder 12 to maintain the normal operation of the system.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, when the wire rope 61 experiences localized slippage or abnormal entanglement on the reel 62, the release length displayed by the rotary encoder 11 may deviate from the actual situation, while the draw rope encoder 12 can accurately reflect the true displacement of the wire rope 61. Once the system detects that the difference between the two measurement results exceeds a set threshold of 10 mm, it immediately uses the data from the draw rope encoder 12 for depth calculation, thus avoiding control inaccuracies caused by erroneous data.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the system has the ability to automatically identify faults and correct data errors through the dual detection configuration of rotary encoder 11 and draw rope encoder 12. Even when some detection devices malfunction, it can still maintain accurate length detection, which significantly improves the reliability and fault tolerance of the system.

[0052] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a load detection device 5 connected to the power system of the drilling rig for monitoring the working load of the drilling rig; a controller 3 for identifying the drilling resistance during the drilling process based on changes in the working load, and controlling the braking device 2 to brake the wire rope winch mechanism 6 when the working load exceeds a preset threshold.

[0053] In this invention, the load detection device 5 is connected to the drilling rig's power system to monitor the working load. The controller 3 identifies drilling resistance during the drilling process based on changes in the working load. When the working load exceeds a preset threshold, it controls the braking device 2 to activate, thus adding an intelligent protection function based on load changes to the drilling depth control system. By monitoring the load status of the power system, the system can promptly identify abnormal situations during the drilling process and take corresponding protective measures.

[0054] Specifically, the load detection device 5 monitors the current, power, or other load indicators of the drilling rig's power system in real time and transmits the load data to the controller 3 for analysis and processing. The controller 3 identifies changes in drilling resistance by comparing the current load with the normal operating load. When a sudden increase in load is detected and exceeds a preset threshold, the controller 3 determines that it has encountered hard rock formations, stuck drill bits, or other abnormal conditions, and immediately triggers the braking device 2 to protect the equipment and drill bits.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, during drilling operations traversing different geological layers, when the drill bit enters a hard rock layer from a soft soil layer, the drilling resistance increases sharply, causing a significant increase in the load on the power system. After the load detection device 5 detects this change, the controller 3 immediately performs protective braking to prevent damage to the drill bit or equipment overload due to excessive resistance, while providing the operator with an opportunity to adjust the drilling parameters.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the load detection device 5 adds intelligent anomaly identification and protection functions to the system, which can respond in a timely manner and take protective measures when encountering unexpected resistance. This not only improves the safety of borehole depth control, but also extends the service life of drilling tools and equipment, and enhances the system's adaptability under complex geological conditions.

[0057] In some embodiments, the controller 3 further includes a gradient control module 32, which is configured to: control the drilling rig to gradually reduce the drilling speed when the calculated drilling depth is close to the preset depth; and control the braking device 2 to brake the wire rope winch mechanism 6 when the drilling depth reaches the preset depth.

[0058] In this invention, the gradient control module 32 controls the drilling rig to gradually reduce its drilling speed when the calculated drilling depth approaches the preset depth, and controls the braking device 2 to brake when the drilling depth reaches the preset depth, thus realizing intelligent adjustment and smooth braking control of the drilling speed. Through gradual speed adjustment, the system avoids the impact and accuracy loss caused by sudden braking, ensuring the stability and accuracy of borehole depth control.

[0059] Specifically, the gradient control module 32 continuously monitors the distance difference between the drilling depth and the preset depth. When the difference decreases to within the preset range, the module begins to execute deceleration control, gradually reducing the drilling speed by adjusting the drilling parameters of the drilling rig. In the final stage near the target depth, the drilling speed is controlled at a low level to ensure that the braking device 2 can perform braking actions at precise positions, avoiding excessively deep drilling due to inertia.

[0060] In one specific embodiment, when the drilling depth is 0.5 meters away from the target depth of 30 meters, the gradient control module 32 begins to reduce the drilling speed, gradually decreasing it from the normal 2 meters per minute to 0.5 meters per minute. In the final 0.1 meters, the drilling speed is further reduced to 0.1 meters per minute, ensuring that the braking device 2 can accurately perform braking at the target depth, with the final stopping position controlled at the centimeter level.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the gradient control module 32 achieves smooth deceleration and precise braking through predictive speed adjustment, which not only improves the accuracy of the final stopping position, but also reduces mechanical impact during the braking process, protecting the drilling tools and equipment, and significantly improving the accuracy of drilling depth control and the stability of system operation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the braking device 2 includes: an electromagnetic brake 21 connected to the spool 62 of the wire rope hoisting mechanism 6 for braking the spool 62 to rotate; the electromagnetic brake 21 is electrically connected to the controller 3; and a mechanical limit device 22 disposed on the release path of the wire rope 61 for preventing the wire rope 61 from continuing to release.

[0063] In this invention, the braking device 2 includes an electromagnetic brake 21 and a mechanical limiting device 22. The electromagnetic brake 21 is electrically connected to the controller 3 to achieve electrical control, and the mechanical limiting device 22 is installed on the release path of the wire rope 61 to provide physical obstruction, forming a dual braking protection mechanism. The electromagnetic brake 21 serves as the primary braking means to provide controllable and precise braking, while the mechanical limiting device 22 serves as a backup protection to provide reliable physical limiting in extreme situations.

[0064] Specifically, the electromagnetic brake 21 acts on the shaft 62 of the wire rope hoisting mechanism 6 through electromagnetic force, enabling rapid response and precise control according to the instructions of the controller 3, making it suitable for performing precise braking based on depth calculation. The mechanical limit device 22 directly blocks the continued release of the wire rope 61 through physical structure, without relying on the electrical control system, and can still play a limit protection role in the event of electrical system failure or malfunction.

[0065] In one specific embodiment, during normal operation, the controller 3 achieves precise control of the drilling depth through the electromagnetic brake 21, with a braking response time on the order of milliseconds, enabling accurate stopping at the target depth. When the electrical system malfunctions or the electromagnetic brake 21 fails, the mechanical limit device 22 serves as a final safety guarantee, physically preventing the wire rope 61 from continuing to release and preventing the drill string from sinking too deep and causing a safety accident.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the dual configuration of the electromagnetic brake 21 and the mechanical limit device 22 provides multi-level braking protection for the system, ensuring both precise control during normal operation and safety protection under abnormal conditions, significantly improving the safety, reliability and fault tolerance of the drilling depth control system.

[0067] The present invention provides a drilling rig, including the above-described drilling depth control system.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a control method based on the above-mentioned drilling depth control system, comprising the following steps: S1: Set the target drilling depth; S2: Establish the correspondence between the release length of the wire rope 61 and the drilling depth; S3: The release length of the wire rope 61 is detected by the length detection device 1; S4: Calculate the current drilling depth based on the release length of the wire rope 61; S5: Compare the current drilling depth with the target depth; S6: When the current drilling depth reaches the target depth, brake control is executed.

[0069] This invention establishes a standardized control process for automatic borehole depth limiting through a systematic approach that includes setting a target depth, establishing a length correspondence, detecting the release length of the wire rope 61, calculating the drilling depth, comparing depth data, and executing braking control. This method standardizes each step of borehole depth control, ensuring consistency and repeatability of operations and avoiding fluctuations in control accuracy due to operational differences.

[0070] Specifically, the control method first requires setting a clear target depth parameter, then establishing a quantitative correspondence between the release length of the wire rope 61 and the actual drilling depth, obtaining real-time release data of the wire rope 61 through the length detection device 1, calculating the current drilling depth based on the correspondence, and continuously comparing it with the target depth. Braking control is immediately executed when the target is reached. Each step has clear technical requirements and execution standards.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, by establishing a systematic control method and standardized operating procedures, the influence of human factors on control accuracy is eliminated, ensuring that different operators can achieve high-precision depth control according to unified standards, which significantly improves the standardization and quality stability of drilling construction.

[0072] In some embodiments, step S3 further includes: detecting the real-time tension value of the wire rope 61 by the tension sensor 4; and correcting the calculated result of the release length of the wire rope 61 according to a preset tension-length correction table.

[0073] In this invention, a tension sensor 4 and a correction table compensation are incorporated into the length detection step of the basic control method. By detecting the real-time tension value of the wire rope 61 and correcting the length calculation result according to the preset correction table, the adaptability and accuracy of the control method under different load conditions are improved. The tension compensation mechanism enables the control method to dynamically adapt to changes in the force on the wire rope 61, ensuring the accuracy of length detection.

[0074] Specifically, while performing the release length detection of the wire rope 61, the tension sensor 4 acquires the current tension data and transmits it to the control system. The control system queries the preset tension-length correction table to obtain the corresponding compensation parameters, applies the compensation amount to the basic length calculation result, and obtains the corrected length value after considering the deformation of the wire rope 61, which is used for subsequent depth calculation and braking control.

[0075] In one specific embodiment, during heavy drilling operations, the wire rope 61 will experience significant tensile deformation due to the large tension. By using tension detection and correction table compensation, the control method can accurately calculate the actual length change of the wire rope 61, ensuring precise depth control under heavy load conditions and avoiding depth calculation errors caused by the deformation of the wire rope 61.

[0076] In this embodiment of the invention, the tension detection and correction compensation mechanism enables the control method to sense and compensate for the elastic deformation of the wire rope 61, and can maintain high length detection accuracy under various load conditions, significantly improving the environmental adaptability and stability of the control method.

[0077] In some embodiments, a load monitoring step is also included: real-time monitoring of the drilling rig's workload; identification of drilling resistance during the drilling process based on changes in workload; and execution of braking control when the workload exceeds a preset threshold.

[0078] In this invention, a load monitoring step is added to the basic control method. By monitoring the drilling rig's working load in real time, identifying changes in drilling resistance, and executing braking control when the load exceeds limits, the control method gains intelligent anomaly identification and protection functions. The load monitoring step enables the control method to not only possess depth-based precise control capabilities but also load-based safety protection capabilities.

[0079] Specifically, the load monitoring step continuously tracks the operating parameters of the drilling rig's power system, identifies abnormal resistance during drilling by analyzing load change trends, and immediately triggers braking control to protect the equipment and drill bit when the working load exceeds a preset safety threshold. This step is executed in parallel with the basic depth control step, forming a dual protection mechanism.

[0080] In one specific embodiment, during drilling operations in complex geological conditions, when the drill bit encounters hard rock layers or underground obstacles, the drilling resistance increases sharply, causing the power system load to exceed the limit. The load monitoring step promptly identifies this abnormal situation and performs emergency braking, avoiding equipment overload damage, while providing operators with an opportunity to analyze geological conditions and adjust drilling strategies.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the load monitoring step adds intelligent process monitoring and anomaly protection functions to the control method, which can promptly identify and respond to various abnormal situations during the drilling process. This not only improves the safety of the control method but also enhances the system's adaptability to complex working conditions, significantly improving the safety and reliability of drilling operations.

[0082] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling depth control system, characterized in that, include: The length detection device (1) is connected to the wire rope winch mechanism (6) of the drilling rig and is used to detect the release length of the wire rope (61) of the wire rope winch mechanism (6); Braking device (2) is connected to the wire rope winch mechanism (6) and is used to brake the operation of the wire rope winch mechanism (6); The controller (3) is electrically connected to the length detection device (1) and the braking device (2). The controller (3) is configured to calculate the actual drilling depth based on the release length of the wire rope (61) detected by the length detection device (1), and control the braking device (2) to brake the wire rope winch mechanism (6) when the actual drilling depth reaches the preset depth.

2. The drilling depth control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length detection device (1) includes a rotary encoder (11) connected to the reel (62) of the wire rope winch mechanism (6) for detecting the number of rotations of the reel (62); The controller (3) calculates the release length of the wire rope (61) based on the number of rotations of the reel (62) and the circumference of the reel (62).

3. The drilling depth control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Tension sensor (4) is installed on the transmission path of wire rope (61) to detect the tension value of wire rope (61) in real time; The controller (3) corrects the calculation result of the release length of the wire rope (61) based on the tension value detected by the tension sensor (4) and a preset tension-length correction table.

4. The drilling depth control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller (3) includes a multi-layer winding compensation module (31) for calculating the current effective radius of the reel (62) based on the number of winding layers of the wire rope (61) on the reel (62), and correcting the calculation result of the release length of the wire rope (61) based on the effective radius.

5. The drilling depth control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length detection device (1) further includes: A draw rope encoder (12) is installed on the wire rope (61) guide device to directly measure the linear displacement of the wire rope (61); The controller (3) compares the detection results of the rotary encoder (11) and the draw-wire encoder (12). When the difference between the detection results exceeds a preset threshold, the detection result of the draw-wire encoder (12) is adopted.

6. The drilling depth control system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Also includes: The load detection device (5) is connected to the power system of the drilling rig and is used to monitor the working load of the drilling rig; The controller (3) identifies the drilling resistance during the drilling process based on the change in workload. When the workload exceeds the preset threshold, it controls the braking device (2) to brake the wire rope winch mechanism (6).

7. The drilling depth control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller (3) further includes a gradient control module (32), which is configured to: control the drilling machine to gradually reduce the drilling speed when the calculated drilling depth is close to the preset depth; and control the braking device (2) to brake the wire rope winch mechanism (6) when the drilling depth reaches the preset depth.

8. The drilling depth control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The braking device (2) includes: An electromagnetic brake (21) is connected to the spool (62) of the wire rope winch mechanism (6) and is used to brake the rotation of the spool (62). The electromagnetic brake (21) is electrically connected to the controller (3). A mechanical limit device (22) is installed on the release path of the wire rope (61) to prevent the wire rope (61) from continuing to be released.

9. A drilling rig, characterized in that, include: Organism; Wire rope winch mechanism (6); The drilling depth control system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A method for controlling the drilling depth of the drilling rig as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Set the target drilling depth; S2: Establish the relationship between the release length of the wire rope (61) and the drilling depth; S3: The release length of the wire rope (61) is detected by the length detection device (1); S4: Calculate the current drilling depth based on the release length of the wire rope (61); S5: Compare the current drilling depth with the target depth; S6: When the current drilling depth reaches the target depth, brake control is executed.

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