Protective device for tunnel construction and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a protection device for tunnel construction and a using method of the protection device. A header tank; a drain pipe group; the supporting device is connected with the water collecting tank; a drilling assembly; and a slurry supplementing assembly. The notch set is excavated at the upper end of the to-be-excavated section of the tunnel before the step is excavated, the water collecting tank is embedded into the notch set, seepage water can flow into the water collecting tank through a plurality of water inlets and is drained through the drainage pipe set, the situation that the seepage water directly washes the step when the step is excavated can be avoided, and therefore the phenomena of water accumulation and softening are avoided; when water seepage is slowed down, drilling is conducted on the top in the notch set, then grouting is conducted, the portion, above the notch set, of the rock soil is filled with grout, the solidified grout and the rock soil are anchored into a whole, the firmness of the rock soil on the top can be reinforced, continuous water seepage of the area can be prevented, and the probability of water seepage is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, and specifically relates to a protective device for tunnel construction and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel construction is a complex and technically demanding project. Tunnels are mainly constructed by breaking and excavating rocks through processes such as drilling, charging explosives, and blasting. Depending on the tunnel's cross-sectional size and geological conditions, methods such as full-face excavation, bench excavation, and sectional excavation can be used. For soft rock or soil tunnels, excavators, loaders, and other mechanical equipment can be used for direct excavation, or tunnel boring machines can be used for tunneling. Construction at the junction of the main and branch tunnels is more complex and requires a detailed investigation of the geological conditions at the junction, including rock characteristics, groundwater distribution, and geological structure, to provide accurate information for construction.

[0003] The design scheme must fully consider factors such as the angle, size, and stress conditions of the main and branch tunnels to ensure the structural stability at the junction. Due to stress concentration at the junction of the main and branch tunnels, the bench method is often used for excavation. However, excavation can easily disrupt the original soil-rock balance, breaking the relatively stable groundwater pressure balance and causing groundwater to gush out along the excavation face or weak points such as cracks. The existing drainage method is to excavate a water diversion ditch at the bottom of the tunnel and use multiple water pumps in relay to pump out the gushing water. However, with this method, seepage at the top of the tunnel will first erode the benches, causing water accumulation and softening at the benches, which affects construction. Therefore, we propose a protective device for tunnel construction and its usage method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a protective device for tunnel construction and its usage method, which solves the problem that the steps are easily softened by seepage water from the tunnel roof when using the step method to excavate tunnels.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following solution: a protective device for tunnel construction, comprising: The gap group is set at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated; A water collection tank is used to be embedded in the notch assembly. The top of the water collection tank has multiple water inlets that communicate with the inside of the water collection tank so that seepage water from the top wall of the notch assembly can flow in. The drain pipe assembly is connected to the inside of the water collection tank and is used to drain the water in the water collection tank; A support device connected to the water collection tank, used to support the water collection tank; Drilling assembly for drilling holes in the top wall within the notch assembly; and The grouting assembly is used to inject grout into the borehole, so that the grout fills the soil and rock above the notch group, so that the solidified grout and the soil and rock are anchored into a whole.

[0006] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the gap group is composed of multiple gaps interconnected with each other, the water collection tank includes multiple boxes for being embedded in the multiple gaps respectively, the multiple water inlets are respectively opened on the multiple boxes, and the drainage pipe group includes multiple drainage pipes respectively connected to the multiple boxes. The protective device also includes multiple drive devices, each fixed on a support device, and the output ends of the multiple drive devices are respectively connected to multiple housings to drive the multiple housings to be embedded in multiple notches.

[0007] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the protective device further includes a plurality of connectors for connecting each pair of adjacent boxes respectively. Each connector includes a slide bar and two cross plates. The slide bar is fixedly connected to the side of one of the two adjacent boxes facing the other box. The two cross plates are fixedly connected to the side of the other box facing the slide bar. The two cross plates are arranged one above the other, and a sliding groove is formed between the two cross plates for the slide bar to slide.

[0008] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that each of the boxes is connected to a diaphragm to divide the interior of the box into upper and lower spaces, with the upper space being a water collection chamber and the lower space being a ventilation chamber, and the plurality of drainage pipes being connected to the plurality of water collection chambers respectively. The protective device also includes multiple air supply devices fixed on the support device, which are used to supply air into multiple ventilation chambers. Each of the boxes has multiple air outlets at the bottom that communicate with the ventilation chambers so that the air in the ventilation chambers can overflow.

[0009] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the drilling assembly includes a driving device and a drill rod. The drill rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving device to rotate under the drive of the driving device. The drill rod passes through the air outlet, the ventilation chamber, the diaphragm, the water collection chamber, and the water inlet in sequence, and drills into the rock and soil to achieve drilling.

[0010] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the grouting component includes a grouting device and a grouting pipe. The grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the grouting device. Grout is delivered through the grouting device to the grouting pipe, which passes through the air outlet, the ventilation chamber, the diaphragm, the water collection chamber, and the water inlet in sequence and is inserted into the borehole, so as to realize grouting.

[0011] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the box body includes an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell are detachably connected, the diaphragm is detachably connected inside the upper shell, the water collection chamber is formed inside the upper shell, and the ventilation chamber is formed inside the lower shell.

[0012] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the protective device further includes a plurality of fasteners corresponding to a plurality of boxes, which are used to fix the plurality of boxes in the corresponding notches.

[0013] A further improvement of the protective device for tunnel construction of the present invention is that the support device includes a mobile device, a support platform and a support plate, the support platform is fixed on the mobile device, the support plate is rotatably connected to the support platform, and the water collection tank is connected to the support plate. The support device also includes a driver for driving the support plate to rotate.

[0014] A method for using the protective device for tunnel construction as described above includes the following steps: S1. A gap group is formed by excavating at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated; S2. Embed the water collection tank into the notch assembly; S3. Use the drain pipe assembly to drain the seepage water that flows into the water collection tank through the inlet; S4. After the seepage flow rate slows down, use the drilling assembly to drill holes in the top wall of the notch group. S5. Use the grouting assembly to inject grout into the borehole so that the grout fills the soil and rock above the notch group.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention involves excavating a gap group at the upper end of the section to be excavated in the tunnel before excavating the steps. By embedding a water collection tank into the gap group, seepage water can flow into the water collection tank through multiple inlets and be discharged through a drainage pipe group. This avoids seepage water directly eroding the steps during excavation, thus preventing water accumulation and softening. When seepage slows down, a hole is drilled at the top of the gap group before grouting, allowing the grout to fill the soil and rock above the gap group. This anchors the solidified grout and soil and rock into a whole, which not only strengthens the stability of the top soil and rock but also prevents further seepage in the area, greatly reducing the probability of seepage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is shown. Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 The present invention is shown. Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of point B in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the box body of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection between the drill bit and the threaded rod of the present invention is shown.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 101. Upper shell; 102. Lower shell; 2. Air supply device; 3. Drain pipe; 4. Drive device; 5. Drive motor; 6. Support device; 601. Support platform; 602. Support plate; 7. Claw; 8. Threaded rod; 9. Water inlet; 10. Connector; 1001. Horizontal plate; 1002. Sliding strip; 11. Through port; 12. Screw hole; 13. Diaphragm; 14. Water collection chamber; 15. Vent chamber; 16. Air outlet; 17. Drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To address the problem of softening of the tunnel steps due to seepage from the tunnel roof when using the bench excavation method, this invention provides a protective device for tunnel construction and its usage method. The following detailed description, in conjunction with accompanying drawings, further illustrates this protective device and its usage method for tunnel construction.

[0023] See Figures 1-5 As shown, a protective device for tunnel construction includes: The gap group is set at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated; A water collection tank is used to be embedded in the notch assembly. The top of the water collection tank has multiple water inlets 9 that communicate with the inside of the water collection tank so that seepage water from the top wall of the notch assembly can flow in. Three sets of drain pipes are connected to the inside of the water collection tank to drain the water in the water collection tank; The support device 6, which is connected to the water collection tank, is used to support the water collection tank. Drilling assembly for drilling holes in the top wall of a notch assembly; and The grouting assembly is used to inject grout into the borehole, so that the grout fills the soil and rock above the notch group, so that the solidified grout and the soil and rock are anchored into a whole.

[0024] By excavating a gap group at the upper end of the section to be excavated before the excavation of the bench, and embedding a water collection tank into the gap group, seepage water can flow into the water collection tank through multiple water inlets 9 and be discharged through the drainage pipes 3. This avoids seepage water directly eroding the bench during excavation, thus preventing water accumulation and softening. When seepage slows down, by drilling holes at the top of the gap group first and then grouting, the grout fills the soil and rock above the gap group, so that the solidified grout and soil and rock are anchored into a whole. This not only strengthens the stability of the top soil and rock but also prevents further seepage in the area, greatly reducing the probability of seepage.

[0025] Among them, see Figure 1As shown, the gap group consists of multiple gaps that are interconnected. The water collection tank includes multiple boxes 1 for being embedded in the multiple gaps respectively. Multiple water inlets 9 are respectively opened on the multiple boxes 1. The drain pipe group 3 includes multiple drain pipes 3 that are respectively connected to the multiple boxes 1. The protective device also includes multiple drive devices 4, each fixed on the support device 6, and the output ends of the multiple drive devices 4 are respectively connected to multiple housings 1, for driving the multiple housings 1 to be embedded in multiple notches respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the inlet 9 includes multiple inlet holes, which are spaced apart on the top of the tank 1. The size of the inlet holes can be customized as needed. The notch group can be arc-shaped, and the top of the tank 1 can be designed to be arc-shaped so that the assembled water collection tank can be adapted to the notch group. By adopting the above design, before using the step method for excavation, a gap is first excavated at the upper end of the section to be excavated in the tunnel. After the rubble inside the gap is cleared, the drive device 4 is used to drive the box 1 to be embedded into the gap to collect water and drain it. Then, a gap is opened next to the gap and the box 1 is embedded. This process continues until all the boxes 1 are embedded. This one-to-one excavation and embedding method can ensure timely drainage. Moreover, the top support of the box 1 can also support the rock and soil on the top wall inside the gap, which is beneficial to subsequent construction.

[0027] Among them, see Figure 3 As shown, the protective device also includes a plurality of connectors 10 for connecting each pair of adjacent boxes 1 respectively. Each connector 10 includes a slide bar 1002 and two horizontal plates 1001. The slide bar 1002 is fixedly connected to the side of one of the two adjacent boxes 1 facing the other box 1. The two horizontal plates 1001 are fixedly connected to the side of the other box 1 facing the slide bar 1002. The two horizontal plates 1001 are arranged one above the other, and a sliding groove is formed between the two horizontal plates 1001 for the slide bar 1002 to slide.

[0028] By adopting the above design, the slide bar 1002 is slidably installed in the slide groove composed of two horizontal plates 1001, which not only ensures that two adjacent boxes 1 can slide relative to each other, but also allows multiple boxes 1 to support each other.

[0029] Among them, see Figure 4 As shown, each box 1 is connected to a diaphragm 13 to divide the interior of the box 1 into upper and lower spaces, with the upper space being a water collection chamber 14 and the lower space being a ventilation chamber 15. Multiple drain pipes 3 are connected to multiple water collection chambers 14 respectively. The protective device also includes multiple air supply devices 2 fixed on the support device 6, which are used to supply air into multiple ventilation chambers 15 respectively. Each box 1 has multiple air outlets 16 at the bottom that communicate with the ventilation chamber 15 so that the air in the ventilation chamber 15 can overflow.

[0030] Furthermore, a water pump is installed on the drain pipe 3 to draw water from the water collection chamber 14 and discharge it through the drain pipe 3; the air supply device 2 includes an air compressor and an air supply pipe, one end of which is connected to the ventilation chamber 15 and the other end is connected to the air compressor. By adopting the above design, the air compressor delivers air into the ventilation chamber 15 through the air supply pipe. The air in the ventilation chamber 15 can overflow through multiple air outlets 16 and enter the outside air. In case of gas overflow, the concentration is diluted in time to avoid causing danger.

[0031] The drilling assembly includes a drive device and a drill rod. The drill rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive device and rotates under the drive of the drive device. The drill rod passes through the air outlet 16, the ventilation chamber 15, the diaphragm 13, the water collection chamber 14, and the water inlet 9 in sequence and drills into the rock and soil to achieve drilling.

[0032] The grouting assembly includes a grouting device and a grouting pipe. The grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the grouting device. The grouting device delivers grout to the grouting pipe, which passes through the air outlet 16, the ventilation chamber 15, the diaphragm 13, the water collection chamber 14, and the water inlet 9 in sequence and is inserted into the borehole to achieve grouting.

[0033] By adopting the above design, when the seepage slows down, the grout can be injected into the soil and rock above the gap group after drilling holes in the top soil and rock. This allows the solidified grout to anchor the soil and rock into a whole, which not only strengthens the top soil and rock but also prevents further seepage in the area, greatly reducing the probability of subsequent seepage.

[0034] Among them, see Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 includes an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 102, which are detachably connected. A diaphragm 13 is detachably connected inside the upper housing 101, a water collection chamber 14 is formed inside the upper housing 101, and a ventilation chamber 15 is formed inside the lower housing 102.

[0035] By adopting a detachable design for the housing 1 and a detachable design for the diaphragm 13, the protective device of this application can be reused after each replacement of the diaphragm 13.

[0036] Among them, see Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the protective device also includes multiple fasteners corresponding to multiple housings 1, which are used to fix the multiple housings 1 into the corresponding notches.

[0037] Each fastener includes a drive motor 5, a threaded rod 8, a drill bit 17, a through port 11, and a screw hole 12. The drive motor 5 is fixed to the output end of the corresponding drive device 4. One end of the threaded rod 8 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 17, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 5. The screw hole 12 is opened on the side of the housing 1 facing the drive motor 5 and communicates with the vent chamber 15. The through port 11 is opened on the side of the housing 1 away from the drive motor 5 and communicates with the vent chamber 15. The threaded rod 8 is screwed into the screw hole 12.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the driving device 4 can be a hydraulic rod, and the output end of the driving motor 5 is fixed with a chuck 7 (which can be a triangular chuck). The chuck 7 is used to lock the other end of the threaded rod 8 to achieve fixation. By adopting the above design, after the housing 1 is embedded in the notch, the drive motor 5 can be started to drive the threaded rod 8 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 12, the housing 1 is restricted from rotating by the sliding strip 1002 and the two horizontal plates 1001, and the notch limits the rotation, the threaded rod 8 can push the drill bit 17 through the opening 11 until it drills into the rock and soil. At the same time as starting the drive motor 5, the hydraulic rod is started to compensate for the length required for the threaded rod 8 to move. The structure of the threaded rod 8 and the drill bit 17 can further support and fix the housing 1, making it stable during use.

[0039] Among them, see Figure 1 As shown, the support device 6 includes a mobile device, a support platform 601 and a support plate 602. The support platform 601 is fixed on the mobile device, the support plate 602 is rotatably connected to the support platform 601, and the water collection tank is connected to the support plate 602. The support device 6 also includes a driver for driving the support plate 602 to rotate.

[0040] Furthermore, the mobile device can be an engineering vehicle. The support plate 602 is rotatably connected to the support platform 601 via a rotating shaft, and the rotation axis of the rotating shaft is consistent with the tunnel axis. The driver includes a motor, a first gear, and a second gear. The motor is fixed on the support platform 601, the first gear is fixed at the output end of the motor, and the second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft and meshes with the first gear. The motor drives the first gear to rotate, thereby driving the second gear to rotate, and then driving the rotating shaft to drive the support plate 602 to rotate. By adopting the above design, the angle of the box 1 can be adjusted by driving the support plate 602 to rotate, so that the angle of the box 1 can be finely adjusted during use to adapt to the position of the notch.

[0041] A method for using a protective device for tunnel construction as described above includes the following steps: S1. Before using the bench method to excavate the tunnel, the first gap is formed at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated. S2. Using an engineering vehicle, move the support platform 601, support plate 602, multiple drive devices 4, and multiple boxes 1 to the vicinity of the gap. First, use the motor to drive the first gear, the second gear, and the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to adjust the box 1 located at the outermost edge of the multiple boxes 1 to correspond to the gap, and make the arrangement direction of the remaining boxes 1 consistent with the arrangement direction of the remaining gap to be excavated. Then, use the drive device 4 to drive the box 1 to be embedded in the gap, use the drain pipe 3 to drain the seepage water accumulated in the box 1, and use the air supply device 2 to supply air into the ventilation chamber 15, so that the air overflows into the tunnel through the air outlet 16. S3. Start the drive motor 5 and drive device 4, thereby driving the threaded rod to rotate. Since the threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 12, the housing 1 is restricted from rotating by the cooperation of the slide bar 1002 and the two horizontal plates 1001 and the notch, the threaded rod 8 can push the drill bit 17 through the through hole 11 until it drills into the rock and soil. S4. Continue to excavate the gap and embed the box 1 until all the boxes 1 are installed; S5. The tunnel is excavated using the bench method; S6. After the step excavation is completed and the seepage flow rate slows down, use the drive equipment to drive the drill rod to pass through the air outlet 16, the ventilation chamber 15, the diaphragm 13, the water collection chamber 14, and the water inlet 9 in sequence, and drill into the rock and soil to achieve drilling. S7. Grout is delivered to the grouting pipe through the grouting equipment in sequence through the air outlet 16, the ventilation chamber 15, the diaphragm 13, the water collection chamber 14, and the water inlet 9 and inserted into the borehole to achieve grouting, so that the solidified grout is anchored to the rock and soil as a whole.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention based on the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A protective device for tunnel construction, characterized in that, include: The gap group is set at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated; A water collection tank is used to be embedded in the notch assembly. The top of the water collection tank has multiple water inlets that communicate with the inside of the water collection tank so that seepage water from the top wall of the notch assembly can flow in. The drain pipe assembly is connected to the inside of the water collection tank and is used to drain the water in the water collection tank; A support device connected to the water collection tank, used to support the water collection tank; Drilling assembly for drilling holes in the top wall within the notch assembly; and The grouting assembly is used to inject grout into the borehole, so that the grout fills the soil and rock above the notch group, so that the solidified grout and the soil and rock are anchored into a whole.

2. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The notch group is composed of multiple notches that are interconnected. The water collection tank includes multiple boxes for being embedded in the multiple notches respectively. The multiple water inlets are respectively opened on the multiple boxes. The drain pipe group includes multiple drain pipes that are respectively connected to the multiple boxes. The protective device also includes multiple drive devices, each fixed on a support device, and the output ends of the multiple drive devices are respectively connected to multiple housings to drive the multiple housings to be embedded in multiple notches.

3. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protective device also includes multiple connectors for connecting each pair of adjacent boxes. Each connector includes a slide bar and two horizontal plates. The slide bar is fixedly connected to the side of one of the two adjacent boxes facing the other box. The two horizontal plates are fixedly connected to the side of the other box facing the slide bar. The two horizontal plates are arranged one above the other, and a sliding groove is formed between the two horizontal plates for the slide bar to slide.

4. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the boxes is connected to a diaphragm to divide the interior of the box into upper and lower spaces, with the upper space being a water collection chamber and the lower space being a ventilation chamber. The multiple drain pipes are respectively connected to the multiple water collection chambers. The protective device also includes multiple air supply devices fixed on the support device, which are used to supply air into multiple ventilation chambers. Each of the boxes has multiple air outlets at the bottom that communicate with the ventilation chambers so that the air in the ventilation chambers can overflow.

5. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The drilling assembly includes a drive device and a drill rod. The drill rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive device to rotate under the drive of the drive device. The drill rod passes through the air outlet, the ventilation chamber, the diaphragm, the water collection chamber, and the water inlet in sequence, and drills into the rock and soil to achieve drilling.

6. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The grouting assembly includes a grouting device and a grouting pipe. The grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the grouting device. Grout is delivered through the grouting device to the grouting pipe, which passes through the air outlet, air chamber, diaphragm, water collection chamber, and water inlet in sequence and is inserted into the borehole, so as to achieve grouting.

7. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The housing includes an upper shell and a lower shell, which are detachably connected. The diaphragm is detachably connected inside the upper shell. The water collection chamber is formed inside the upper shell, and the ventilation chamber is formed inside the lower shell.

8. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protective device also includes multiple fasteners corresponding to multiple boxes, which are used to fix the multiple boxes into the corresponding notches.

9. The protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support device includes a mobile device, a support platform, and a support plate. The support platform is fixed on the mobile device, the support plate is rotatably connected to the support platform, and the water collection tank is connected to the support plate. The support device also includes a driver for driving the support plate to rotate.

10. A method of using the protective device for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. A gap group is formed by excavating at the upper end of the section of the tunnel to be excavated; S2. Embed the water collection tank into the notch assembly; S3. Use the drain pipe assembly to drain the seepage water that flows into the water collection tank through the inlet; S4. After the seepage flow rate slows down, use the drilling assembly to drill holes in the top wall of the notch group. S5. Use the grouting assembly to inject grout into the borehole so that the grout fills the soil and rock above the notch group.

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